Book of Fasting

1766 - سَأَلَ هِشَامُ بْنُ اَلْحَكَمِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ عِلَّةِ اَلصِّيَامِ فَقَالَ «إِنَّمَا فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اَلصِّيَامَ لِيَسْتَوِيَ بِهِ اَلْغَنِيُّ وَ اَلْفَقِيرُ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ اَلْغَنِيَّ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَجِدَ مَسَّ اَلْجُوعِ فَيَرْحَمَ اَلْفَقِيرَ لِأَنَّ اَلْغَنِيَّ كُلَّمَا أَرَادَ شَيْئاً قَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَرَادَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُسَوِّيَ بَيْنَ خَلْقِهِ وَ أَنْ يُذِيقَ اَلْغَنِيَّ مَسَّ اَلْجُوعِ وَ اَلْأَلَمِ لِيَرِقَّ عَلَى اَلضَّعِيفِ فَيَرْحَمَ اَلْجَائِعَ».

Hadith.1766 - Hisham ibn al-Hakam asked Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about the reason for fasting. Imam (as) said: "Allah (swt), the Almighty, prescribed fasting so that the rich and the poor may become equal. This is because the rich would not experience the pain of hunger to have mercy on the poor, as the rich, whenever they desire something, can obtain it. Thus, Allah (swt), the Almighty, willed to make His creation equal and to let the rich taste the pain of hunger and suffering so that they would feel compassion for the weak and have mercy on the hungry."

1767 - وَ كَتَبَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ فِيمَا كَتَبَ مِنْ جَوَابِ مَسَائِلِهِ: «عِلَّةُ اَلصَّوْمِ لِعِرْفَانِ مَسِّ اَلْجُوعِ وَ اَلْعَطَشِ لِيَكُونَ ذَلِيلاً مُسْتَكِيناً مَأْجُوراً مُحْتَسِباً صَابِراً وَ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ دَلِيلاً لَهُ عَلَى شَدَائِدِ اَلْآخِرَةِ مَعَ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ اَلاِنْكِسَارِ لَهُ عَنِ اَلشَّهَوَاتِ وَاعِظاً لَهُ فِي اَلْعَاجِلِ دَلِيلاً عَلَى اَلْآجِلِ لِيَعْلَمَ شِدَّةَ مَبْلَغِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلْفَقْرِ وَ اَلْمَسْكَنَةِ فِي اَلدُّنْيَا وَ اَلْآخِرَةِ.

Hadith.1767 - Abu al-Hasan Imam Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha (as) wrote to Muhammad ibn Sinan in response to his questions: "The reason for fasting is to understand the feeling of hunger and thirst, so that one becomes humble, submissive, rewarded, mindful, and patient. It serves as a reminder of the hardships of the Hereafter. Additionally, it breaks one’s desires and acts as a preacher in this world, guiding toward the Hereafter. Through fasting, one comprehends the severity of the state of the poor and destitute in this world and the Hereafter."

1768 - وَ كَتَبَ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : لِمَ فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ اَلصَّوْمَ فَوَرَدَ فِي اَلْجَوَابِ «لِيَجِدَ اَلْغَنِيُّ مَسَّ اَلْجُوعِ فَيَمُنَّ عَلَى اَلْفَقِيرِ.

Hadith.1768 - Hamza ibn Muhammad wrote to Abu Muhammad (as) asking: "Why did Allah (swt) make fasting obligatory?" The response came (from Imam (as)): "So that the rich may feel the pain of hunger and thus show generosity to the poor."

1769 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «جَاءَ نَفَرٌ مِنَ اَلْيَهُودِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَسَأَلَهُ أَعْلَمُهُمْ عَنْ مَسَائِلَ فَكَانَ فِيمَا سَأَلَهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُ لِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اَلصَّوْمَ عَلَى أُمَّتِكَ بِالنَّهَارِ ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْماً وَ فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ عَلَى اَلْأُمَمِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «إِنَّ آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لَمَّا أَكَلَ مِنَ اَلشَّجَرَةِ بَقِيَ فِي بَطْنِهِ ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْماً فَفَرَضَ اَللَّهُ عَلَى ذُرِّيَّتِهِ ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْماً اَلْجُوعَ وَ اَلْعَطَشَ وَ اَلَّذِي يَأْكُلُونَهُ بِاللَّيْلِ تَفَضُّلٌ مِنَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ كَذَلِكَ كَانَ عَلَى آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَفَرَضَ اَللَّهُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى أُمَّتِي ثُمَّ تَلاَ هَذِهِ اَلْآيَةَ: «۝ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ اَلصِّيٰامُ كَمٰا كُتِبَ عَلَى اَلَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ. `أَيّٰاماً مَعْدُودٰاتٍ ۝» » قَالَ اَلْيَهُودِيُّ صَدَقْتَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَمَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ صَامَهَا فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ يَصُومُ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ اِحْتِسَاباً إِلاَّ أَوْجَبَ اَللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَهُ سَبْعَ خِصَالٍ أَوَّلُهَا يَذُوبُ اَلْحَرَامُ فِي جَسَدِهِ وَ اَلثَّانِيَةُ يَقْرُبُ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ اَلثَّالِثَةُ يَكُونُ قَدْ كَفَّرَ خَطِيئَةَ آدَمَ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ اَلرَّابِعَةُ يُهَوِّنُ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ سَكَرَاتِ اَلْمَوْتِ وَ اَلْخَامِسَةُ أَمَانٌ مِنَ اَلْجُوعِ وَ اَلْعَطَشِ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ وَ اَلسَّادِسَةُ يُعْطِيهِ اَللَّهُ بَرَاءَةً مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ اَلسَّابِعَةُ يُطْعِمُهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ اَلْجَنَّةِ » قَالَ صَدَقْتَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ ».

Hadith.1769 - It is narrated from Imam al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) that he said: "A group of Jews came to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and the most learned among them asked him about certain matters. Among the questions he asked was: 'Why did Allah (swt), the Almighty, prescribe fasting during the day for your community for thirty days, while He prescribed fasting for more than that for other nations?' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: 'When Adam (as) ate from the tree, the effect of it remained in his stomach for thirty days. Therefore, Allah (swt), the Almighty, prescribed for his progeny thirty days of hunger and thirst. And what they eat at night is a favor from Allah (swt), the Almighty, upon them. The same was the case with Adam (as). Thus, Allah (swt) prescribed it for my Ummah.' Then he recited this verse: "Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may attain taqwa. [It is for] a fixed number of days." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:183) The Jewish man said: 'You have spoken the truth, O Muhammad (sw). What is the reward for one who fasts them?' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) replied: 'No believer fasts the Month of Ramadan sincerely, seeking its reward, except that Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, grants him seven virtues: 1. The first is that the forbidden (haram) in his body melts away. 2. He will draw closer to the mercy of Allah (swt), the Almighty. 3. He will have atoned for the sin of his father, Adam (as). 4. Allah (swt) will ease for him the throes of death. 5. He will have security from hunger and thirst on the Day of Resurrection. 6. Allah (swt) will grant him immunity from the Fire. 7. Allah (swt), the Almighty, will feed him from the pure delights of Paradise.' The Jewish man said: 'You have spoken the truth, O Muhammad (sw).'"

1770 - قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «بُنِيَ اَلْإِسْلاَمُ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ عَلَى اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ اَلزَّكَاةِ وَ اَلْحَجِّ وَ اَلصَّوْمِ وَ اَلْوَلاَيَةِ ».

Hadith.1770 - Abu Ja’far (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)) said: "Islam is built upon five things: prayer, almsgiving, pilgrimage, fasting, and wilayah (divinely appointed leadership)."

1771 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «اَلصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ ».

Hadith.1771 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Fasting is a shield from the Fire."

1772 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «اَلصَّائِمُ فِي عِبَادَةٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَ نَائِماً عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ مَا لَمْ يَغْتَبْ مُسْلِماً ».

Hadith.1772 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "The fasting person is in a state of worship, even if he is sleeping on his bed, as long as he does not backbite a Muslim."

1773 - وَ قَالَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «قَالَ اَللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى «اَلصَّوْمُ لِي وَ أَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ » وَ لِلصَّائِمِ فَرْحَتَانِ حِينَ يُفْطِرُ وَ حِينَ يَلْقَى رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ اَلَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَخُلُوفُ فَمِ اَلصَّائِمِ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ أَطْيَبُ مِنْ رِيحِ اَلْمِسْكِ».

Hadith.1773 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, said: 'Fasting is for Me, and I will reward it.' And the fasting person has two joys: one when he breaks his fast and one when he meets his Lord (azj), the Almighty. By the One in whose hand is the soul of Muhammad (sw), the breath of the fasting person is more fragrant to Allah (swt) than the scent of musk."

1774 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لِأَصْحَابِهِ : «أَ لاَ أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ فَعَلْتُمُوهُ تَبَاعَدَ اَلشَّيْطَانُ عَنْكُمْ كَمَا تَبَاعَدَ اَلْمَشْرِقُ مِنَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ» قَالُوا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ قَالَ «اَلصَّوْمُ يُسَوِّدُ وَجْهَهُ وَ اَلصَّدَقَةُ تَكْسِرُ ظَهْرَهُ وَ اَلْحُبُّ فِي اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ اَلْمُؤَازَرَةُ عَلَى اَلْعَمَلِ اَلصَّالِحِ يَقْطَعُ دَابِرَهُ وَ اَلاِسْتِغْفَارُ يَقْطَعُ وَتِينَهُ وَ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ زَكَاةٌ وَ زَكَاةُ اَلْأَبْدَانِ اَلصِّيَامُ »

Hadith.1774 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said to his companions: "Shall I not inform you of something that, if you do it, will cause Satan to be distanced from you as far as the east is from the west?" They said: "Yes, O Messenger of Allah (swt)." The Prophet (sw) said: "Fasting blackens his face, charity breaks his back, love for the sake of Allah (swt), the Almighty, and mutual support in good deeds cut off his roots, and seeking forgiveness cuts off his aorta. For everything, there is a purification, and the purification of the body is fasting."

1775 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْعَزِيزِ : «أَ لاَ أُخْبِرُكَ بِأَصْلِ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ وَ فَرْعِهِ وَ ذِرْوَتِهِ وَ سَنَامِهِ» قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ «أَصْلُهُ اَلصَّلاَةُ وَ فَرْعُهُ اَلزَّكَاةُ وَ ذِرْوَتُهُ وَ سَنَامُهُ اَلْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَ لاَ أُخْبِرُكَ بِأَبْوَابِ اَلْخَيْرِ اَلصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ ».

Hadith.1775 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said to Ali ibn Abdul Aziz: "Shall I not inform you about the foundation of Islam, its branch, its pinnacle, and its peak?" He said: "Yes." The Imam (as) said: "Its foundation is prayer, its branch is almsgiving, and its pinnacle and peak are striving in the way of Allah (swt), the Almighty. Shall I not inform you about the gateways to goodness? Fasting is a shield from the Fire."

1776 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: «۝ وَ اِسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ وَ اَلصَّلاٰةِ ۝» قَالَ «يَعْنِي بِالصَّبْرِ اَلصَّوْمَ».

Hadith.1776 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty: "And seek help through patience and prayer" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:45): (Imam (as) said) "By patience, it means fasting."

1777 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِذَا نَزَلَتْ بِالرَّجُلِ اَلنَّازِلَةُ أَوِ اَلشِّدَّةُ فَلْيَصُمْ فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: «۝ وَ اِسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ وَ اَلصَّلاٰةِ ۝» »

Hadith.1777 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "If a person faces a calamity or hardship, let him fast, for Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: "And seek help through patience and prayer" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:45)

1778 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَكَّلَ مَلاَئِكَةً بِالدُّعَاءِ لِلصَّائِمِينَ وَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَبِّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ» «مَا أَمَرْتُ مَلاَئِكَتِي بِالدُّعَاءِ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ خَلْقِي إِلاَّ اِسْتَجَبْتُ لَهُمْ فِيهِ.

Hadith.1778 - The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, has appointed angels to supplicate for those who fast. And Archangel Jibril (as) informed me from his Lord (azj), exalted is His mention, that He said: 'Whenever I command My angels to supplicate for any of My creation, I surely answer their supplication for them.'”

1779 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «أَوْحَى اَللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «مَا يَمْنَعُكَ مِنْ مُنَاجَاتِي» فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ أُجِلُّكَ عَنِ اَلْمُنَاجَاةِ لِخُلُوفِ فَمِ اَلصَّائِمِ فَأَوْحَى اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ «يَا مُوسَى لَخُلُوفُ فَمِ اَلصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدِي مِنْ رِيحِ اَلْمِسْكِ».

Hadith.1779 - "Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, revealed to Musa (as): 'What prevents you from conversing with Me?' He replied: 'O Lord (azj), I revere You too much to converse with You because of the odor of the fasting person's mouth.' Allah (swt), the Almighty, revealed to him: 'O Musa, the odor of the fasting person's mouth is more pleasant to Me than the scent of musk.'”

1780 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «لِلصَّائِمِ فَرْحَتَانِ فَرْحَةٌ عِنْدَ إِفْطَارِهِ وَ فَرْحَةٌ عِنْدَ لِقَاءِ رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ».

Hadith.1780 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "The fasting person has two joys: a joy when he breaks his fast and a joy when he meets his Lord (azj), the Almighty."

1781 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَنْ صَامَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَوْماً فِي شِدَّةِ اَلْحَرِّ فَأَصَابَهُ ظَمَأٌ وَكَّلَ اَللَّهُ بِهِ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ يَمْسَحُونَ وَجْهَهُ وَ يُبَشِّرُونَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَا أَطْيَبَ رِيحَكَ وَ رَوْحَكَ يَا مَلاَئِكَتِي اِشْهَدُوا أَنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ».

Hadith.1781 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever fasts for the sake of Allah (swt), the Almighty, on a hot day and experiences thirst, Allah (swt) appoints a thousand angels to wipe his face and give him glad tidings until he breaks his fast. When he breaks his fast, Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'How pleasant is your fragrance and your soul! O My angels, bear witness that I have forgiven him.'”

1782 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْأَوَّلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «قِيلُوا فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُطْعِمُ اَلصَّائِمَ وَ يَسْقِيهِ فِي مَنَامِهِ».

Hadith.1782 - Abu al-Hasan al-Awwal (as) said: "Take a nap, for Allah (swt), the Almighty, feeds and gives drink to the fasting person while they sleep."

1783 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «نَوْمُ اَلصَّائِمِ عِبَادَةٌ وَ صَمْتُهُ تَسْبِيحٌ وَ عَمَلُهُ مُتَقَبَّلٌ وَ دُعَاؤُهُ مُسْتَجَابٌ.

Hadith.1783 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "The sleep of the fasting person is worship, his silence is glorification, his deeds are accepted, and his supplication is answered."

1784 - رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلزُّهْرِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ لِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ يَوْماً: «يَا زُهْرِيُّ مِنْ أَيْنَ جِئْتَ» فَقُلْتُ مِنَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ «فَفِيمَ كُنْتُمْ» قُلْتُ تَذَاكَرْنَا أَمْرَ اَلصَّوْمِ فَأَجْمَعَ رَأْيِي وَ رَأْيُ أَصْحَابِي عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنَ اَلصَّوْمِ شَيْءٌ وَاجِبٌ إِلاَّ صَوْمُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «يَا زُهْرِيُّ لَيْسَ كَمَا قُلْتُمْ اَلصَّوْمُ عَلَى أَرْبَعِينَ وَجْهاً فَعَشَرَةُ أَوْجُهٍ مِنْهَا وَاجِبَةٌ كَوُجُوبِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ عَشَرَةُ أَوْجُهٍ مِنْهَا صِيَامُهُنَّ حَرَامٌ وَ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ وَجْهاً مِنْهَا صَاحِبُهَا فِيهَا بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ وَ صَوْمُ اَلْإِذْنِ عَلَى ثَلاَثَةِ أَوْجُهٍ وَ صَوْمُ اَلتَّأْدِيبِ وَ صَوْمُ اَلْإِبَاحَةِ وَ صَوْمُ اَلسَّفَرِ وَ اَلْمَرَضِ» قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَسِّرْهُنَّ لِي قَالَ «أَمَّا اَلْوَاجِبُ فَصِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ صِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ لِمَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَمْداً مُتَعَمِّداً وَ صِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ فِي كَفَّارَةِ اَلظِّهَارِ قَالَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «وَ اَلَّذِينَ يُظٰاهِرُونَ مِنْ نِسٰائِهِمْ ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمٰا قٰالُوا فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَتَمَاسّٰا ذٰلِكُمْ تُوعَظُونَ بِهِ وَ اَللّٰهُ بِمٰا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ. `فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيٰامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتٰابِعَيْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَتَمَاسّٰا» وَ صِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ فِي قَتْلِ اَلْخَطَإِ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدِ اَلْعِتْقَ وَاجِبٌ لِقَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «وَ مَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِناً خَطَأً فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ وَ دِيَةٌ مُسَلَّمَةٌ إِلىٰ أَهْلِهِ » إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى «فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيٰامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتٰابِعَيْنِ» وَ صِيَامُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي كَفَّارَةِ اَلْيَمِينِ وَاجِبٌ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدِ اَلْإِطْعَامَ قَالَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيٰامُ ثَلاٰثَةِ أَيّٰامٍ ذٰلِكَ كَفّٰارَةُ أَيْمٰانِكُمْ إِذٰا حَلَفْتُمْ» فَكُلُّ ذَلِكَ مُتَتَابِعٌ وَ لَيْسَ بِمُتَفَرِّقٍ وَ صِيَامُ أَذَى حَلْقِ اَلرَّأْسِ وَاجِبٌ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «فَمَنْ كٰانَ مِنْكُمْ مَرِيضاً أَوْ بِهِ أَذىً مِنْ رَأْسِهِ فَفِدْيَةٌ مِنْ صِيٰامٍ أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ نُسُكٍ» فَصَاحِبُهَا فِيهَا بِالْخِيَارِ فَإِنْ صَامَ صَامَ ثَلاَثاً وَ صَوْمُ دَمِ اَلْمُتْعَةِ وَاجِبٌ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدِ اَلْهَدْيَ قَالَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى «فَمَنْ تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى اَلْحَجِّ فَمَا اِسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ اَلْهَدْيِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيٰامُ ثَلاٰثَةِ أَيّٰامٍ فِي اَلْحَجِّ وَ سَبْعَةٍ إِذٰا رَجَعْتُمْ تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كٰامِلَةٌ» وَ صَوْمُ جَزَاءِ اَلصَّيْدِ وَاجِبٌ قَالَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «وَ مَنْ قَتَلَهُ مِنْكُمْ مُتَعَمِّداً فَجَزٰاءٌ مِثْلُ مٰا قَتَلَ مِنَ اَلنَّعَمِ يَحْكُمُ بِهِ ذَوٰا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ هَدْياً بٰالِغَ اَلْكَعْبَةِ أَوْ كَفّٰارَةٌ طَعٰامُ مَسٰاكِينَ أَوْ عَدْلُ ذٰلِكَ صِيٰاماً» » ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَ وَ تَدْرِي كَيْفَ يَكُونُ عَدْلُ ذَلِكَ صِيَاماً يَا زُهْرِيُّ » قَالَ قُلْتُ لاَ أَدْرِي قَالَ «يُقَوَّمُ اَلصَّيْدُ قِيمَةً ثُمَّ تُفَضُّ تِلْكَ اَلْقِيمَةُ عَلَى اَلْبُرِّ ثُمَّ يُكَالُ ذَلِكَ اَلْبُرُّ أَصْوَاعاً فَيَصُومُ لِكُلِّ نِصْفِ صَاعٍ يَوْماً وَ صَوْمُ اَلنَّذْرِ وَاجِبٌ وَ صَوْمُ اَلاِعْتِكَافِ وَاجِبٌ وَ أَمَّا اَلصَّوْمُ اَلْحَرَامُ فَصَوْمُ يَوْمِ اَلْفِطْرِ وَ يَوْمِ اَلْأَضْحَى وَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامِ اَلتَّشْرِيقِ وَ صَوْمُ يَوْمِ اَلشَّكِّ أُمِرْنَا بِهِ وَ نُهِينَا عَنْهُ أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نَصُومَهُ مَعَ شَعْبَانَ وَ نُهِينَا عَنْهُ أَنْ يَنْفَرِدَ اَلرَّجُلُ بِصِيَامِهِ فِي اَلْيَوْمِ اَلَّذِي يَشُكُّ فِيهِ اَلنَّاسُ » فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ صَامَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ شَيْئاً كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ «يَنْوِي لَيْلَةَ اَلشَّكِّ أَنَّهُ صَائِمٌ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ لَمْ يَضُرَّهُ» فَقُلْتُ لَهُ وَ كَيْفَ يُجْزِي صَوْمُ تَطَوُّعٍ عَنْ صَوْمِ فَرِيضَةٍ فَقَالَ «لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً صَامَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ تَطَوُّعاً وَ هُوَ لاَ يَدْرِي وَ لاَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ عَلِمَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُ لِأَنَّ اَلْفَرْضَ إِنَّمَا وَقَعَ عَلَى اَلْيَوْمِ بِعَيْنِهِ وَ صَوْمُ اَلْوِصَالِ حَرَامٌ وَ صَوْمُ اَلصَّمْتِ حَرَامٌ وَ صَوْمُ نَذْرِ اَلْمَعْصِيَةِ حَرَامٌ وَ صَوْمُ اَلدَّهْرِ حَرَامٌ، وَ أَمَّا اَلصَّوْمُ اَلَّذِي يَكُونُ صَاحِبُهُ فِيهِ بِالْخِيَارِ فَصَوْمُ يَوْمِ اَلْجُمُعَةِ وَ اَلْخَمِيسِ وَ اَلْإِثْنَيْنِ وَ صَوْمُ اَلْبِيضِ وَ صَوْمُ سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ بَعْدَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ صَوْمُ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ وَ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ صَاحِبُهُ فِيهِ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ وَ أَمَّا صَوْمُ اَلْإِذْنِ فَإِنَّ اَلْمَرْأَةَ لاَ تَصُومُ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا وَ اَلْعَبْدُ لاَ يَصُومُ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ سَيِّدِهِ وَ اَلضَّيْفُ لاَ يَصُومُ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ صَاحِبِهِ وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «مَنْ نَزَلَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَلاَ يَصُومَنَّ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِمْ » وَ أَمَّا صَوْمُ اَلتَّأْدِيبِ فَإِنَّهُ يُؤْمَرُ اَلصَّبِيُّ إِذَا رَاهَقَ بِالصَّوْمِ تَأْدِيباً وَ لَيْسَ بِفَرْضٍ وَ كَذَلِكَ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ لِعِلَّةٍ مِنْ أَوَّلِ اَلنَّهَارِ ثُمَّ قَوِيَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أُمِرَ بِالْإِمْسَاكِ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ تَأْدِيباً وَ لَيْسَ بِفَرْضٍ وَ كَذَلِكَ اَلْمُسَافِرُ إِذَا أَكَلَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ اَلنَّهَارِ ثُمَّ قَدِمَ أَهْلَهُ أُمِرَ بِالْإِمْسَاكِ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ تَأْدِيباً وَ لَيْسَ بِفَرْضٍ وَ أَمَّا صَوْمُ اَلْإِبَاحَةِ فَمَنْ أَكَلَ أَوْ شَرِبَ نَاسِياً أَوْ تَقَيَّأَ مِنْ غَيْرِ تَعَمُّدٍ فَقَدْ أَبَاحَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ذَلِكَ لَهُ وَ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُ صَوْمُهُ وَ أَمَّا صَوْمُ اَلسَّفَرِ وَ اَلْمَرَضِ فَإِنَّ اَلْعَامَّةَ اِخْتَلَفَتْ فِيهِ فَقَالَ قَوْمٌ يَصُومُ وَ قَالَ قَوْمٌ لاَ يَصُومُ وَ قَالَ قَوْمٌ إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ فَأَمَّا نَحْنُ فَنَقُولُ يُفْطِرُ فِي اَلْحَالَتَيْنِ جَمِيعاً فَإِنْ صَامَ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ أَوْ فِي حَالِ اَلْمَرَضِ فَعَلَيْهِ اَلْقَضَاءُ فِي ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: «فَمَنْ كٰانَ مِنْكُمْ مَرِيضاً أَوْ عَلىٰ سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيّٰامٍ أُخَرَ» ».

Hadith.1784 - It is narrated from al-Zuhri that he said: "One day, Imam Zain al-Abidin Ali ibn al-Hussein (as) said to me: 'O Zuhri, where have you come from?' I replied: 'From the mosque.' Imam (as) asked: 'What were you discussing?' I said: 'We were discussing the matter of fasting, and my opinion along with that of my companions was that no fast is obligatory except the fast of the Month of Ramadan.' Imam (as) said: 'O Zuhri, it is not as you have said. Fasting is of forty types: ten of them are obligatory like the obligation of the Month of Ramadan, ten are prohibited to fast, fourteen are optional, meaning their observer has the choice to fast or not, three are fasting with permission, one is fasting for discipline, one is fasting with allowance, and one concerns fasting during travel and illness.' I said: 'May I be your ransom, explain them to me.' Imam (as) said: 'As for the obligatory, they are the fast of the Month of Ramadan, fasting two consecutive months for one who deliberately and intentionally breaks a day of the month of Month of Ramadan, and fasting two consecutive months as expiation for zihar (a pre-Islamic form of divorce). Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: "And those who pronounce zihar from their wives and then return to what they said—they must free a slave before they touch one another. This is what you are admonished with; and Allah (swt) is All-Aware of what you do. But whoever does not find [a slave to free], then fasting two consecutive months before they touch one another." Similarly, fasting two consecutive months as expiation for unintentional killing for one who cannot find a slave to free is obligatory. This is based on the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty: "And whoever kills a believer by mistake must free a believing slave and pay blood money to the victim’s family." "And Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'But whoever cannot find [a slave to free], then fasting two consecutive months.' Fasting three days as expiation for an oath is obligatory for one who cannot afford to feed the poor. Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'But whoever cannot afford it, then fasting for three days. That is the expiation for the oaths you have sworn.' All of this must be consecutive, not separated. Fasting due to the harm of shaving the head is obligatory. Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'But whoever among you is ill or has an ailment of the head [necessitating shaving], must offer a ransom of fasting, or charity, or sacrifice.' In this case, the individual has a choice, and if he chooses to fast, he fasts for three days. Fasting in place of the sacrificial blood for tamattu‘ is obligatory for one who cannot find an animal for sacrifice. Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'Whoever performs Umrah during the Hajj [months], followed by Hajj, must offer what he can afford of a sacrificial animal. But if he cannot find one, then fasting for three days during Hajj and seven when you return, making ten in all.' Fasting as expiation for hunting is obligatory. Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'Whoever kills [a game animal] intentionally must offer a penalty equivalent to what he has killed, in livestock, judged by two just men among you, to be offered as a sacrifice to the Ka‘bah, or an expiation: feeding the poor or its equivalent in fasting.'" Imam (as) then said: "Do you know how the equivalent of that fasting is determined, O Zuhri?" I said: "I do not know." Imam (as) said: "The value of the game is assessed, then that value is divided into wheat. The wheat is measured in units (sa‘), and for every half sa‘, a person fasts one day. Fasting due to a vow is obligatory, as is fasting for i‘tikaf (spiritual retreat). As for prohibited fasting, it includes fasting on the days of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, the three days of Tashreeq, and fasting on the Day of Doubt (Yawm al-Shakk). We are both commanded to fast it and prohibited from it; we are commanded to fast it along with Sha‘ban and prohibited from fasting it alone on the day when people are uncertain." I said to him: "May I be your ransom, if one has not fasted anything from Sha‘ban, what should he do?" Imam (as) said: "He should intend the night of the Day of Doubt that he is fasting as part of Sha‘ban. If it turns out to be part of Month of Ramadan, it will suffice for him; and if it is from Sha‘ban, it will not harm him." I said: "How can an optional fast suffice for an obligatory one?" Imam (as) said: "If a man fasts a day of Month of Ramadan thinking it is an optional fast and then learns afterward that it was from Month of Ramadan, it will suffice for him because the obligation was on the specific day itself. Fasting continuously without breaking (wisal) is prohibited, as is fasting in silence, fasting for a sinful vow, and fasting perpetually (fasting every day). As for the fasting where the individual has a choice, it includes fasting on Fridays, Thursdays, and Mondays; fasting the white days (13th, 14th, and 15th of each lunar month); fasting six days of Shawwal after Month of Ramadan; fasting on the Day of Arafah and the Day of Ashura. In all of these, one has the choice to fast or not. As for fasting with permission, a woman should not fast an optional fast without the permission of her husband, a slave should not fast an optional fast without the permission of his master, and a guest should not fast an optional fast without the permission of his host." The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever stays as a guest with a people should not fast an optional fast without their permission. As for fasting for discipline, a child who reaches the age of discernment is commanded to fast as a matter of discipline, though it is not obligatory. Similarly, someone who breaks their fast due to illness in the early part of the day but regains strength later is commanded to abstain for the remainder of the day as a matter of discipline, though it is not obligatory. Likewise, if a traveler eats during the early part of the day and then arrives home, they are commanded to abstain for the remainder of the day as a matter of discipline, though it is not obligatory. As for fasting with allowance, if someone eats or drinks forgetfully or vomits unintentionally, Allah (swt), the Almighty, has permitted this for him, and his fast remains valid. As for fasting during travel or illness, the people have differed about it. Some say one must fast, others say one must not fast, and some say one has the choice to fast or not. However, we say that one must break the fast in both cases. If one fasts during travel or illness, they are required to make it up later because Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'And whoever among you is ill or on a journey, then an equal number of days are to be made up later.'"

1785 - رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَصُومُ حَتَّى يُقَالَ لاَ يُفْطِرُ وَ يُفْطِرُ حَتَّى يُقَالَ لاَ يَصُومُ ثُمَّ صَامَ يَوْماً وَ أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ صَامَ اَلْإِثْنَيْنِ وَ اَلْخَمِيسَ ثُمَّ آلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ إِلَى صِيَامِ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي اَلشَّهْرِ، اَلْخَمِيسِ فِي أَوَّلِ اَلشَّهْرِ وَ أَرْبِعَاءَ فِي وَسَطِ اَلشَّهْرِ وَ خَمِيسٍ فِي آخِرِ اَلشَّهْرِ وَ كَانَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَقُولُ «ذَلِكَ صَوْمُ اَلدَّهْرِ» وَ قَدْ كَانَ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ «مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ أَبْغَضَ إِلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَيَقُولُ لاَ يُعَذِّبُنِي اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى أَنْ أَجْتَهِدَ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ اَلصَّوْمِ كَأَنَّهُ يَرَى أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ تَرَكَ شَيْئاً مِنَ اَلْفَضْلِ عَجْزاً عَنْهُ» ».

Hadith.1785 - It is narrated by al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih, from Muhammad ibn Marwan, who said: "I heard Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) say: 'The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) would fast so much that it was said he would never break his fast, and he would break his fast so much that it was said he would never fast. Then he began fasting one day and breaking his fast the next day. Then he fasted on Mondays and Thursdays. After that, he transitioned to fasting three days a month: the first Thursday of the month, the Wednesday in the middle of the month, and the last Thursday of the month. He (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) would say: "That is the fasting of a lifetime." My father (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)) used to say: "There is no one more detested by Allah (swt), the Almighty, than a person who, when told that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) did such and such, responds by saying, 'Allah (swt) will not punish me for striving in prayer and fasting,' as if he believes that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) left something of merit undone due to incapacity."'"

1786 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «صَامَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حَتَّى قِيلَ مَا يُفْطِرُ ثُمَّ أَفْطَرَ حَتَّى قِيلَ مَا يَصُومُ ثُمَّ صَامَ صَوْمَ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَوْماً وَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ قُبِضَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَى صِيَامِ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي اَلشَّهْرِ وَ قَالَ «يَعْدِلْنَ صَوْمَ اَلدَّهْرِ وَ يَذْهَبْنَ بِوَحَرِ اَلصَّدْرِ» » وَ قَالَ حَمَّادٌ اَلْوَحَرُ اَلْوَسْوَسَةُ فَقَالَ حَمَّادٌ فَقُلْتُ وَ أَيُّ اَلْأَيَّامِ هِيَ قَالَ « أَوَّلُ خَمِيسٍ فِي اَلشَّهْرِ وَ أَوَّلُ أَرْبِعَاءَ بَعْدَ اَلْعَشْرِ مِنْهُ وَ آخِرُ خَمِيسٍ فِيهِ » فَقُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ صَارَتْ هَذِهِ اَلْأَيَّامُ اَلَّتِي تُصَامُ فَقَالَ «لِأَنَّ مَنْ قَبْلَنَا مِنَ اَلْأُمَمِ كَانُوا إِذَا نَزَلَ عَلَى أَحَدِهِمُ اَلْعَذَابُ نَزَلَ فِي هَذِهِ اَلْأَيَّامِ فَصَامَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ هَذِهِ اَلْأَيَّامَ لِأَنَّهَا اَلْأَيَّامُ اَلْمَخُوفَةُ».

Hadith.1786 - In the narration of Hammad ibn Uthman, from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), he said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) fasted so much that it was said he would never break his fast. Then he broke his fast so much that it was said he would never fast. Then he adopted the fasting of Dawud (as), fasting one day and breaking his fast the next. Finally, He (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) settled on fasting three days a month and said: 'They are equivalent to fasting for a lifetime and remove the whispers (waswasah) from the chest.'" Hammad added: 'The whispers mean doubts or anxiety.' Hammad said: 'I asked, "Which days are they?" Imam (as) said: "The first Thursday of the month, the first Wednesday after the tenth of the month, and the last Thursday of the month."' I asked: 'Why were these particular days chosen for fasting?' Imam (as) said: 'Because among the nations before us, whenever punishment descended on one of them, it would occur on these days. So, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) fasted on these days because they are fearful days.'"

1787 - وَ رَوَى اَلْفُضَيْلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا صَامَ أَحَدُكُمُ اَلثَّلاَثَةَ اَلْأَيَّامَ مِنَ اَلشَّهْرِ فَلاَ يُجَادِلَنَّ أَحَداً وَ لاَ يَجْهَلْ وَ لاَ يُسْرِعْ إِلَى اَلْحَلْفِ وَ اَلْأَيْمَانِ بِاللَّهِ فَإِنْ جَهِلَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ فَلْيَحْتَمِلْ ».

Hadith.1787 - It is narrated by al-Fudhayl ibn Yasar from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) who said: "When one of you fasts the three days of the month, let him not dispute with anyone, act ignorantly, or hasten to take oaths by Allah (swt). If someone acts ignorantly toward him, let him endure it."

1788 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ اَلْخَثْعَمِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ اَلتَّطَوُّعِ وَ عَنْ هَذِهِ اَلثَّلاَثَةِ اَلْأَيَّامِ إِذَا أَجْنَبْتُ مِنْ أَوَّلِ اَللَّيْلِ فَأَعْلَمُ أَنِّي قَدْ أَجْنَبْتُ فَأَنَامُ مُتَعَمِّداً حَتَّى يَنْفَجِرَ اَلْفَجْرُ أَصُومُ أَوْ لاَ أَصُومُ قَالَ «صُمْ ».

Hadith.1788 - It is narrated by Abdullah ibn al-Mughira from Habib al-Khath'ami, who said: "I said to Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)): 'Inform me about optional fasting and about fasting on these three days. If I become in a state of janabah (major ritual impurity) at the beginning of the night and I know that I am in such a state but I deliberately sleep until dawn breaks, should I fast or not?' Imam (as) said: 'Fast.'"

1789 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «صِيَامُ شَهْرِ اَلصَّبْرِ وَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ يَذْهَبْنَ بِبَلاَبِلِ اَلصَّدْرِ وَ صِيَامُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ صِيَامُ اَلدَّهْرِ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ جٰاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثٰالِهٰا» »

Hadith.1789 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Fasting the month of patience (Month of Ramadan) and three days of every month removes the anxieties of the chest. Fasting three days in every month is equivalent to fasting for a lifetime. Indeed, Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'Whoever comes with a good deed will have ten times the like of it.'"

1790 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ سُئِلَ عَنْ صَوْمِ خَمِيسَيْنِ بَيْنَهُمَا أَرْبِعَاءُ فَقَالَ «أَمَّا اَلْخَمِيسُ فَيَوْمٌ تُعْرَضُ فِيهِ اَلْأَعْمَالُ وَ أَمَّا اَلْأَرْبِعَاءُ فَيَوْمٌ خُلِقَتْ فِيهِ اَلنَّارُ وَ أَمَّا اَلصَّوْمُ فَجُنَّةٌ ».

Hadith.1790 - In the narration of Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), he said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) was asked about fasting on two Thursdays with a Wednesday in between. Imam (as) said: 'As for Thursday, it is the day on which deeds are presented. As for Wednesday, it is the day on which the Fire was created. And fasting is a shield.'"

1791 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِنَّمَا يُصَامُ فِي يَوْمِ اَلْأَرْبِعَاءِ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ تُعَذَّبْ أُمَّةٌ فِيمَا مَضَى إِلاَّ يَوْمَ اَلْأَرْبِعَاءِ وَسَطَ اَلشَّهْرِ فَيُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ يُصَامَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمُ ».

Hadith.1791 - In the narration of Ishaq ibn Ammar from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), Imam (as) said: "Fasting on Wednesday is prescribed because no nation in the past was punished except on a Wednesday in the middle of the month. Therefore, it is recommended to fast on that day."

1792 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «إِذَا كَانَ فِي أَوَّلِ اَلشَّهْرِ خَمِيسَانِ فَصُمْ أَوَّلَهُمَا فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ وَ إِذَا كَانَ فِي آخِرِ اَلشَّهْرِ خَمِيسَانِ فَصُمْ آخِرَهُمَا فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ.

Hadith.1792 - In the narration of Abdullah ibn Sinan, he said: "Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) said to me: 'If there are two Thursdays at the beginning of the month, fast the first of them, for it is better. And if there are two Thursdays at the end of the month, fast the last of them, for it is better.'"

1793 - وَ سَأَلَ عِيصُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَمَّنْ لَمْ يَصُمِ اَلثَّلاَثَةَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ وَ هُوَ يَشْتَدُّ عَلَيْهِ اَلصِّيَامُ هَلْ فِيهِ فِدَاءٌ فَقَالَ «مُدٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ ».

Hadith.1793 - Iys ibn al-Qasim asked Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) about someone who does not fast the three days of every month and finds fasting difficult. Is there a compensation for this? Imam (as) said: "A mudd (a measure) of food for each day."

1794 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ اَلْمُثَنَّى قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي قَدِ اِشْتَدَّ عَلَيَّ صَوْمُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ فَمَا يُجْزِي عَنِّي أَنْ أَتَصَدَّقَ مَكَانَ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِدِرْهَمٍ فَقَالَ «صَدَقَةُ دِرْهَمٍ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صِيَامِ يَوْمٍ ».

Hadith.1794 - It is narrated by Ibn Muskan from Ibrahim ibn al-Muthanna, who said: "I said to Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)): 'Fasting three days every month has become difficult for me. What would suffice for me? Can I give charity in place of each day, a dirham?' Imam (as) said: 'Giving charity of a dirham is better than fasting a day.'"

1795 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ أَوْ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ صَوْمُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي اَلشَّهْرِ أُؤَخِّرُهُ فِي اَلصَّيْفِ إِلَى اَلشِّتَاءِ فَإِنِّي أَجِدُهُ أَهْوَنَ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ فَاحْفَظْهَا ».

Hadith.1795 - It is narrated by al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from al-Hasan ibn Abi Hamzah, who said: "I said to Abu Ja‘far or Abu Abdullah (as): 'Can I delay fasting the three days of the month in the summer until the winter, as I find it easier for me then?' Imam (as) said: 'Yes, but make sure to observe it.'"

1796 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِمَ جَرَتِ اَلسُّنَّةُ مِنَ اَلصَّوْمِ فَقَالَ «ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، اَلْخَمِيسِ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأُوَلِ وَ اَلْأَرْبِعَاءِ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوْسَطِ وَ اَلْخَمِيسِ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْآخِرِ » قَالَ قُلْتُ هَذَا جَمِيعُ مَا جَرَتْ بِهِ اَلسُّنَّةُ فِي اَلصَّوْمِ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ».

Hadith.1796 - It is narrated by Ibn Bukayr from Zurara, who said: "I said to Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)): 'What is the prescribed practice for fasting?' Imam (as) said: 'Three days in every month: the Thursday in the first ten days, the Wednesday in the middle ten days, and the Thursday in the last ten days.' I said: 'Is this all that the prescribed practice includes for fasting?' Imam (as) said: 'Yes.'"

1797 - وَ رَوَى دَاوُدُ اَلرَّقِّيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لَإِفْطَارُكَ فِي مَنْزِلِ أَخِيكَ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صِيَامِكَ سَبْعِينَ ضِعْفاً أَوْ تِسْعِينَ ضِعْفاً ».

Hadith.1797 - It is narrated by Dawud al-Raqqi from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), Imam (as) said: "Breaking your fast at your brother's home is better than fasting seventy or even ninety times."

1798 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «مَنْ دَخَلَ عَلَى أَخِيهِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ فَأَفْطَرَ عِنْدَهُ وَ لَمْ يُعْلِمْهُ بِصَوْمِهِ فَيَمُنَّ عَلَيْهِ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ صَوْمَ سَنَةٍ ».

Hadith.1798 - It is narrated by Jamil ibn Darraj from Abu Abdullah (as) that Imam (as) said: "Whoever visits his brother while fasting, then breaks his fast at his house without informing him of his fasting to gain favor, Allah (swt) will write for him the reward of fasting a full year."

1799 - وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ اَلْعَالِمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ خَمِيسَيْنِ يَتَّفِقَانِ فِي آخِرِ اَلْعَشْرِ فَقَالَ «صُمِ اَلْأَوَّلَ فَلَعَلَّكَ لاَ تَلْحَقُ اَلثَّانِيَ ».

Hadith.1799 - It is narrated that the Scholar, (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)), was asked about two Thursdays that occur in the last ten days of the month. Imam (as) said: "Fast the first one, for you may not live to see the second."

1800 - سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ وَ زُرَارَةُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ اَلْبَاقِرَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ «كَانَ صَوْمُهُ قَبْلَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ تُرِكَ ».

Hadith.1800 - Muhammad ibn Muslim and Zurara ibn A‘yan asked Abu Ja‘far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about fasting on the Day of Ashura. Imam (as) said: "Its fasting was practiced before the Month of Ramadan, but when the Month of Ramadan was prescribed, it was abandoned."

1801 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «مَنْ صَامَ يَوْماً تَطَوُّعاً أَدْخَلَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اَلْجَنَّةَ ».

Hadith.1801 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever fasts a day voluntarily, Allah (swt), the Almighty, will admit him to Paradise."

1802 - وَ رَوَى جَابِرٌ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «مَنْ خُتِمَ لَهُ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمٍ دَخَلَ اَلْجَنَّةَ ».

Hadith.1802 - It is narrated by Jabir from Abu Ja‘far (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)), who said: "Whoever's life ends while fasting on a day will enter Paradise."

1803 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «مَنْ صَامَ يَوْماً فِي سَبِيلِ اَللَّهِ كَانَ يَعْدِلُ سَنَةً يَصُومُهَا ».

Hadith.1803 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever fasts a day in the way of Allah (swt), it is equivalent to fasting a whole year."

1804 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «مَنْ تَطَيَّبَ بِطِيبٍ أَوَّلَ اَلنَّهَارِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ لَمْ يَفْقِدْ عَقْلَهُ ».

Hadith.1804 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever applies perfume in the morning while fasting will not lose his mind."

1805 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «مَا مِنْ صَائِمٍ يَحْضُرُ قَوْماً يَطْعَمُونَ إِلاَّ سَبَّحَتْ لَهُ أَعْضَاؤُهُ وَ كَانَتْ صَلاَةُ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةِ عَلَيْهِ وَ كَانَتْ صَلاَتُهُمُ اِسْتِغْفَاراً».

Hadith.1805 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "No fasting person sits among a group of people who are eating except, that his limbs will glorify Allah (swt), the angels will send prayers upon him, and their prayers are acts of seeking forgiveness for him."

1806 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «مَنْ صَامَ أَوَّلَ يَوْمٍ مِنْ عَشْرِ ذِي اَلْحِجَّةِ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ صَوْمَ ثَمَانِينَ شَهْراً فَإِنْ صَامَ اَلتِّسْعَ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ صَوْمَ اَلدَّهْرِ».

Hadith.1806 - It is narrated from Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) who said: "Whoever fasts the first day of the ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah, Allah (swt) will record for him the reward of fasting eighty months. And if he fasts all nine days, Allah (swt), the Almighty, will record for him the reward of fasting a lifetime."

1807 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «صَوْمُ يَوْمِ اَلتَّرْوِيَةِ كَفَّارَةُ سَنَةٍ وَ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ كَفَّارَةُ سَنَتَيْنِ.

Hadith.1807 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Fasting on the Day of Tarwiyah is an expiation for one year, and fasting on the Day of Arafah is an expiation for two years."

1808 - وَ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّ فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ ذِي اَلْحِجَّةِ وُلِدَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلِيلُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَمَنْ صَامَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ كَانَ كَفَّارَةَ سِتِّينَ سَنَةً وَ فِي تِسْعٍ مِنْ ذِي اَلْحِجَّةِ أُنْزِلَتْ تَوْبَةُ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَمَنْ صَامَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ كَانَ كَفَّارَةَ تِسْعِينَ سَنَةً.

Hadith.1808 - It is narrated: "On the first day of Dhu al-Hijjah, Ibrahim, the Friend of the Most Merciful (as), was born. Whoever fasts on that day, it will be an expiation for sixty years. On the ninth of Dhu al-Hijjah, the repentance of Dawud (as) was accepted. Whoever fasts on that day, it will be an expiation for ninety years."

1809 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ قَالَ «إِنْ شِئْتَ صُمْتَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ لَمْ تَصُمْ» وَ ذَكَرَ «أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَتَى اَلْحَسَنَ وَ اَلْحُسَيْنَ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ فَوَجَدَ أَحَدَهُمَا صَائِماً وَ اَلْآخَرَ مُفْطِراً فَسَأَلَهُمَا فَقَالاَ «إِنْ صُمْتَ فَحَسَنٌ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَصُمْ فَجَائِزٌ».

Hadith.1809 - It is narrated from Ya‘qub ibn Shu‘ayb, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) about fasting on the Day of Arafah. Imam (as) said: 'If you wish, you may fast, and if you wish, you may refrain from fasting.' Imam (as) mentioned: 'A man came to al-Hasan (as) and al-Husayn (as) and found one of them fasting and the other not fasting. He asked them, and they said: "If you fast, it is good, and if you do not fast, it is permissible."’"

1810 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «أَوْصَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَحْدَهُ وَ أَوْصَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَى اَلْحَسَنِ وَ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ جَمِيعاً وَ كَانَ اَلْحَسَنُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِمَامَهُ فَدَخَلَ رَجُلٌ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ عَلَى اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ هُوَ يَتَغَدَّى وَ اَلْحُسَيْنُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ صَائِمٌ ثُمَّ جَاءَ بَعْدَ مَا قُبِضَ اَلْحَسَنُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَدَخَلَ عَلَى اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ وَ هُوَ يَتَغَدَّى وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ إِنِّي دَخَلْتُ عَلَى اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ هُوَ يَتَغَدَّى وَ أَنْتَ صَائِمٌ ثُمَّ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْكَ وَ أَنْتَ مُفْطِرٌ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اَلْحَسَنَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ إِمَاماً فَأَفْطَرَ لِئَلاَّ يُتَّخَذَ صَوْمُهُ سُنَّةً وَ لِيَتَأَسَّى بِهِ اَلنَّاسُ فَلَمَّا أَنْ قُبِضَ كُنْتُ أَنَا اَلْإِمَامَ فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ لاَ يُتَّخَذَ صَوْمِي سُنَّةً فَيَتَأَسَّى اَلنَّاسُ بِي».

Hadith.1810 - It is narrated by Abdullah ibn al-Mughira from Salim, from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), who said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) bequeathed solely to Ali (as), and Ali (as) bequeathed jointly to al-Hasan (as) and al-Husayn (as). Al-Hasan (as) was the Imam during his time. A man entered upon al-Hasan (as) on the Day of Arafah and found him having lunch, while al-Husayn (as) was fasting. After al-Hasan (as) passed away, the same man entered upon al-Husayn (as) on the Day of Arafah and found him having lunch, while Ali ibn al-Husayn (as) was fasting. The man said to Imam: 'I came to al-Hasan (as) when he was having lunch, and you were fasting. Then I came to you, and now you are not fasting.' Imam (as) replied: 'Al-Hasan (as) was the Imam, so he broke his fast to ensure his fasting would not be taken as a Sunnah and followed by others. When he passed away, I became the Imam, and I did not want my fasting to be taken as a Sunnah and followed by others.'"

1811 - وَ رَوَى حَنَانُ بْنُ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّهُمْ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ يَعْدِلُ صَوْمَ سَنَةٍ قَالَ «كَانَ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لاَ يَصُومُهُ» قُلْتُ وَ لِمَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ « يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ يَوْمُ دُعَاءٍ وَ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَأَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ يُضْعِفَنِي عَنِ اَلدُّعَاءِ وَ أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَصُومَهُ وَ أَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ يَكُونَ يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ يَوْمَ اَلْأَضْحَى وَ لَيْسَ بِيَوْمِ صَوْمٍ.

Hadith.1811 - It is narrated by Hanan ibn Sudayr from his father, who said: "I asked him about fasting on the Day of Arafah, and I said: 'May I be your ransom, they claim that fasting it equals fasting for a year.' Imam (as) said: 'My father (as) would not fast on that day.' I asked: 'Why? May I be your ransom.' Imam (as) said: 'The Day of Arafah is a day of supplication and asking (from Allah (swt)). I fear that fasting might weaken me from making supplications, and I dislike fasting it as I fear that the Day of Arafah may coincide with the Day of Eid al-Adha, which is not a day of fasting.'"

1812 - مَا قَالَهُ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «لَمَّا قُتِلَ اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَمَرَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَلَكاً فَنَادَى أَيَّتُهَا اَلْأُمَّةُ اَلظَّالِمَةُ اَلْقَاتِلَةُ عِتْرَةَ نَبِيِّهَا لاَ وَفَّقَكُمُ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِصَوْمٍ وَ لاَ فِطْرٍ ».

Hadith.1812 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "When al-Husayn ibn Ali (as) was martyred, Allah (swt), the Almighty, commanded an angel to proclaim: 'O oppressive nation, O killers of the progeny of your Prophet (sw), may Allah (swt) not grant you success in fasting or breaking your fast.'"

1813 - وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ: «لاَ وَفَّقَكُمُ اَللَّهُ لِفِطْرٍ وَ لاَ أَضْحًى.

Hadith.1813 - In another narration: "May Allah (swt) not grant you success for Eid al-Fitr or Eid al-Adha."

1814 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْوَشَّاءِ قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي وَ أَنَا غُلاَمٌ فَتَعَشَّيْنَا عِنْدَ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لَيْلَةَ خَمْسَةٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي اَلْقَعْدَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ « لَيْلَةُ خَمْسَةٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي اَلْقَعْدَةِ وُلِدَ فِيهَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ وُلِدَ فِيهَا عِيسَى اِبْنُ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ فِيهَا دُحِيَتِ اَلْأَرْضُ مِنْ تَحْتِ اَلْكَعْبَةِ فَمَنْ صَامَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ كَانَ كَمَنْ صَامَ سِتِّينَ شَهْراً».

Hadith.1814 - It is narrated from al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Washa, who said: ‘I was with my father when I was a boy, and we had dinner with Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) on the night of the 25th of Dhu al-Qa‘dah.’ Imam (as) said to him: 'The 25th night of Dhu al-Qa‘dah is the night on which Ibrahim (as) was born, and on which Isa ibn Maryam (as) was born, and it is the night when the earth was spread out from beneath the Ka‘bah. Whoever fasts on that day, it is as if he has fasted for sixty months.'"

1815 - وَ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّ فِي تِسْعٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي اَلْقَعْدَةِ أَنْزَلَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اَلْكَعْبَةَ وَ هِيَ أَوَّلُ رَحْمَةٍ نَزَلَتْ فَمَنْ صَامَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ كَانَ كَفَّارَةَ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً ».

Hadith.1815 - It is narrated: "On the 29th of Dhu al-Qa‘dah, Allah (swt), the Almighty, sent down the Ka‘bah, which was the first mercy to descend. Whoever fasts on that day, it will be an expiation for seventy years."

1816 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عِيدٌ غَيْرُ اَلْعِيدَيْنِ قَالَ «نَعَمْ يَا حَسَنُ وَ أَعْظَمُهُمَا وَ أَشْرَفُهُمَا» قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَأَيُّ يَوْمٍ هُوَ قَالَ «هُوَ يَوْمٌ نُصِبَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَماً لِلنَّاسِ» قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ أَيُّ يَوْمٍ هُوَ قَالَ «إِنَّ اَلْأَيَّامَ تَدُورُ وَ هُوَ يَوْمُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ مِنْ ذِي اَلْحِجَّةِ » قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ مَا يَنْبَغِي لَنَا أَنْ نَصْنَعَ فِيهِ قَالَ «تَصُومُهُ يَا حَسَنُ وَ تُكْثِرُ فِيهِ اَلصَّلاَةَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ تَبَرَّأُ إِلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِمَّنْ ظَلَمَهُمْ حَقَّهُمْ فَإِنَّ اَلْأَنْبِيَاءَ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَتْ تَأْمُرُ اَلْأَوْصِيَاءَ بِالْيَوْمِ اَلَّذِي كَانَ يُقَامُ فِيهِ اَلْوَصِيُّ أَنْ يُتَّخَذَ عِيداً» قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا لِمَنْ صَامَهُ مِنَّا قَالَ «صِيَامُ سِتِّينَ شَهْراً وَ لاَ تَدَعْ صِيَامَ يَوْمِ سَبْعَةٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ رَجَبٍ فَإِنَّهُ هُوَ اَلْيَوْمُ اَلَّذِي أُنْزِلَتْ فِيهِ اَلنُّبُوَّةُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ ثَوَابُهُ مِثْلُ سِتِّينَ شَهْراً لَكُمْ.

Hadith.1816 - It is narrated by al-Hasan ibn Rashid from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), who said: I said: 'May I be your ransom, is there a festival for Muslims other than the two Eids?' Imam (as) said: 'Yes, O’ Hasan, and it is greater and more noble than them.' I said: 'What day is it?' Imam (as) said: 'It is the day on which Amir al-Mu'minin (as) was appointed as a guide for the people.' I said: 'May I be your ransom, which day is that?' Imam (as) said: 'The days revolve, and it is the 18th of Dhu al-Hijjah.' I said: 'May I be your ransom, what should we do on that day?' Imam (as) said: 'You should fast it, O’ Hasan, and increase your prayers upon Muhammad and his family (as). You should also declare your disassociation to Allah (swt), the Almighty, from those who wronged them and usurped their rights. Indeed, the Prophets (as) used to command their successors to designate the day on which the successor was appointed as a festival.' I said: 'What is the reward for fasting it for us?' Imam (as) said: 'The reward of fasting sixty months. Also, do not neglect fasting on the 27th of Rajab, for it is the day on which prophethood was bestowed upon Muhammad (sw) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and its reward for you is like fasting sixty months.'"

1817 - وَ رَوَى اَلْمُفَضَّلُ بْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «صَوْمُ يَوْمِ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ كَفَّارَةُ سِتِّينَ سَنَةً.

Hadith.1817 - It is narrated by al-Mufaddal ibn Umar from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), who said: "Fasting on the Day of Ghadir Khumm is an expiation for sixty years."

1818 - وَ فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنَ اَلْمُحَرَّمِ دَعَا زَكَرِيَّا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَمَنْ صَامَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ اِسْتَجَابَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ كَمَا اِسْتَجَابَ لِزَكَرِيَّا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ».

Hadith.1818 - It is narrated: "On the first day of Muharram, Zakariya (as) supplicated to his Lord (azj), the Almighty. Whoever fasts on that day, Allah (swt) will answer their supplication just as He answered Zakariya (as)."

1819 - وَ سَأَلَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلصَّائِمِ اَلْمُتَطَوِّعِ تَعْرِضُ لَهُ اَلْحَاجَةُ قَالَ «هُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ اَلْعَصْرِ وَ إِنْ مَكَثَ حَتَّى اَلْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ بَدَأَ لَهُ أَنْ يَصُومَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ نَوَى ذَلِكَ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَصُومَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ إِنْ شَاءَ.

Hadith.1819 - Abu Basir asked Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) about a person observing an optional fast who encounters a need to break it. Imam (as) said: "He has the choice until the time of Asr. If he waits until Asr and then decides to fast without having made the intention earlier, he may still fast that day if he wishes."

1820 - رَوَى أَبَانُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ كَثِيرٍ اَلنَّوَّاءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِنَّ نُوحاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَكِبَ اَلسَّفِينَةَ، أَوَّلَ يَوْمٍ مِنْ رَجَبٍ » فَأَمَرَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَنْ مَعَهُ أَنْ يَصُومُوا ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ وَ قَالَ «مَنْ صَامَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ تَبَاعَدَتْ عَنْهُ اَلنَّارُ مَسِيرَةَ سَنَةٍ وَ مَنْ صَامَ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ أُغْلِقَتْ عَنْهُ أَبْوَابُ اَلنِّيرَانِ اَلسَّبْعَةُ وَ مَنْ صَامَ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ فُتِحَتْ لَهُ أَبْوَابُ اَلْجِنَانِ اَلثَّمَانِيَةُ وَ مَنْ صَامَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً أُعْطِيَ مَسْأَلَتَهُ وَ مَنْ زَادَهُ زَادَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ».

Hadith.1820 - It is narrated by Aban ibn Uthman from Kathir al-Nawwa’, from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), who said: "Indeed, Noah (as) boarded the Ark on the first day of Rajab. He commanded those with him to fast on that day and said: 'Whoever fasts on that day, the Fire will be distanced from him by a journey of one year. Whoever fasts for seven days, the seven gates of Hell will be closed to him. Whoever fasts for eight days, the eight gates of Paradise will be opened for him. Whoever fasts for fifteen days will have his request granted. And whoever increases [beyond that], Allah (swt), the Almighty, will increase for him.'"

1821 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : « رَجَبٌ نَهَرٌ فِي اَلْجَنَّةِ أَشَدُّ بَيَاضاً مِنَ اَللَّبَنِ وَ أَحْلَى مِنَ اَلْعَسَلِ فَمَنْ صَامَ يَوْماً مِنْ رَجَبٍ سَقَاهُ اَللَّهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ اَلنَّهَرِ».

Hadith.1821 - Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) said: "Rajab is a river in Paradise, whiter than milk and sweeter than honey. Whoever fasts a day in Rajab, Allah (swt) will give him to drink from that river."

1822 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : « رَجَبٌ شَهْرٌ عَظِيمٌ يُضَاعِفُ اَللَّهُ فِيهِ اَلْحَسَنَاتِ وَ يَمْحُو فِيهِ اَلسَّيِّئَاتِ مَنْ صَامَ يَوْماً مِنْ رَجَبٍ تَبَاعَدَتْ عَنْهُ اَلنَّارُ مَسِيرَةَ سَنَةٍ وَ مَنْ صَامَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ ».

Hadith.1822 - Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) said: "Rajab is a great month. In it, Allah (swt) multiplies good deeds and erases sins. Whoever fasts a day in Rajab, the Fire will be distanced from him by a journey of one year, and whoever fasts three days, Paradise becomes obligatory for him."

1823 - رَوَى أَبُو حَمْزَةَ اَلثُّمَالِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «مَنْ صَامَ شَعْبَانَ كَانَ لَهُ طَهُوراً مِنْ كُلِّ زَلَّةٍ وَ وَصْمَةٍ وَ بَادِرَةٍ» وَ قَالَ أَبُو حَمْزَةَ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا اَلْوَصْمَةُ قَالَ «اَلْيَمِينُ فِي اَلْمَعْصِيَةِ وَ اَلنَّذْرُ وَ لاَ نَذْرَ فِي اَلْمَعْصِيَةِ» قُلْتُ فَمَا اَلْبَادِرَةُ قَالَ «اَلْيَمِينُ عِنْدَ اَلْغَضَبِ وَ اَلتَّوْبَةُ مِنْهَا اَلنَّدَمُ عَلَيْهَا ».

Hadith.1823 - Abu Hamzah al-Thumali narrated from Abu Ja‘far (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)), who said: "Whoever fasts during Sha‘ban, it will purify him from every slip, stain, and impulsive act." Abu Hamzah said: "I asked Abu Ja‘far (as): 'What is the stain (al-wasmah)?' Imam (as) said: 'An oath made for disobedience or a vow, for there is no vow in disobedience.' I asked: 'What is the impulsive act (al-badirah)?' Imam (as) said: 'An oath made in anger, and its repentance is to feel regret for it.'"

1824 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ مَرْحُومٍ اَلْأَزْدِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ صَامَ أَوَّلَ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ اَلْبَتَّةَ وَ مَنْ صَامَ يَوْمَيْنِ نَظَرَ اَللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ فِي دَارِ اَلدُّنْيَا وَ دَاوَمَ نَظَرَهُ إِلَيْهِ فِي اَلْجَنَّةِ ، وَ مَنْ صَامَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ زَارَهُ اَللَّهُ فِي عَرْشِهِ مِنْ جَنَّتِهِ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ.

Hadith.1824 - It is narrated by al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from Abdullah ibn Marhoom al-Azdi, who said: "I heard Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) say: 'Whoever fasts the first day of Sha‘ban, Paradise becomes absolutely obligatory for him. Whoever fasts two days, Allah (swt) looks at him every day and night in this world and continues His gaze upon him in Paradise. And whoever fasts three days, Allah (swt) visits him on His Throne in His Paradise every day.'"

1825 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «صَوْمُ شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ وَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ تَوْبَةٌ وَ اَللَّهِ مِنَ اَللَّهِ ».

Hadith.1825 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Fasting the Month of Sha‘ban and Month of Ramadan consecutively is repentance, by Allah (swt), from Allah (swt)."

1826 - وَ رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ وَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ يَصِلُهُمَا وَ يَنْهَى اَلنَّاسَ أَنْ يَصِلُوهُمَا وَ كَانَ يَقُولُ «هُمَا شَهْرُ اَللَّهِ وَ هُمَا كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا قَبْلَهُمَا وَ مَا بَعْدَهُمَا مِنَ اَلذُّنُوبِ» ».

Hadith.1826 - Amr ibn Khalid narrates from Abu Ja‘far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) would fast Sha‘ban and the Month of Ramadan together without separating them, but he would forbid people from joining them together. He used to say: ‘They are the months of Allah (swt), and they are an expiation for the sins committed before and after them.’”

1827 - مَا رَوَاهُ زُرْعَةُ عَنِ اَلْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «كَانَ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَفْصِلُ مَا بَيْنَ شَعْبَانَ وَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِيَوْمٍ وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ يَصِلُ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَ يَقُولُ «صَوْمُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ تَوْبَةٌ مِنَ اَللَّهِ» ».

Hadith.1827 - It is narrated by Zur‘ah from al-Mufaddal, from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), who said: "My father (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)) would separate between Sha‘ban and Month of Ramadan by a day, while Ali ibn al-Husayn (as) would join them and say: ‘Fasting two consecutive months is repentance from Allah (swt).’”

1828 - وَ كُنَّ نِسَاءُ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِنَّ صِيَامٌ أَخَّرْنَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى شَعْبَانَ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يَمْنَعْنَ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حَاجَتَهُ وَ إِذَا كَانَ شَعْبَانُ صُمْنَ وَ صَامَ مَعَهُنَّ وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ « شَعْبَانُ شَهْرِي».

Hadith.1828 - It is narrated that the wives of the Prophet (sw) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), if they had missed obligatory fasts, would delay making them up until Sha‘ban, disliking to prevent the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) from fulfilling his needs. When Sha‘ban arrived, they would fast, and he would fast with them. He (sw) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) used to say: "Sha‘ban is my month."

1829 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «مَنْ صَامَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ آخِرِ شَعْبَانَ وَ وَصَلَهَا بِشَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ صَوْمَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ».

Hadith.1829 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever that fasts three days at the end of Sha‘ban and joins them with the Month of Ramadan, Allah (swt) will record it for him as fasting two consecutive months."

1830 - وَ رَوَى حَرِيزٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ قَالَ «يَغْفِرُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهَا مِنْ خَلْقِهِ لِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ عَدَدِ شَعْرِ مِعْزَى كَلْبٍ وَ يُنْزِلُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ إِلَى اَلسَّمَاءِ اَلدُّنْيَا وَ إِلَى اَلْأَرْضِ بِمَكَّةَ ». وقد أخرجت ما رويته في هذا المعنى في كتاب فضائل شعبان.

Hadith.1830 - It is narrated by Hariz from Zurara, who said: "I said to Abu Ja‘far (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)): 'What do you say about the night of the middle of Sha‘ban?' Imam (as) said: 'On that night, Allah (swt), the Almighty, forgives more of His creation than the number of the hairs on the goats of the tribe of Kalb. On that night, Allah (swt), the Almighty, sends down His angels to the lowest heaven and to the earth in Mecca.'"

1831 - رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْوَرْدِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلنَّاسَ فِي آخِرِ جُمُعَةٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَحَمِدَ اَللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَظَلَّكُمْ شَهْرٌ فِيهِ لَيْلَةٌ «خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ» وَ هُوَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ صِيَامَهُ وَ جَعَلَ قِيَامَ لَيْلَةٍ فِيهِ كَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ بِصَلاَةٍ سَبْعِينَ لَيْلَةً فِيمَا سِوَاهُ مِنَ اَلشُّهُورِ وَ جَعَلَ لِمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ فِيهِ بِخَصْلَةٍ مِنْ خِصَالِ اَلْخَيْرِ وَ اَلْبِرِّ كَأَجْرِ مَنْ أَدَّى فَرِيضَةً مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَنْ أَدَّى فَرِيضَةً مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اَللَّهِ كَانَ كَمَنْ أَدَّى سَبْعِينَ فَرِيضَةً فِيمَا سِوَاهُ مِنَ اَلشُّهُورِ وَ هُوَ شَهْرُ اَلصَّبْرِ وَ إِنَّ اَلصَّبْرَ ثَوَابُهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ وَ هُوَ شَهْرُ اَلْمُوَاسَاةِ وَ هُوَ شَهْرٌ يَزِيدُ اَللَّهُ فِيهِ رِزْقَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ وَ مَنْ فَطَّرَ فِيهِ مُؤْمِناً صَائِماً كَانَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ وَ مَغْفِرَةٌ لِذُنُوبِهِ فِيمَا مَضَى » فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ لَيْسَ كُلُّنَا نَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ نُفَطِّرَ صَائِماً فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَرِيمٌ يُعْطِي هَذَا اَلثَّوَابَ مِنْكُمْ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ إِلاَّ عَلَى مَذْقَةٍ مِنْ لَبَنٍ يُفَطِّرُ بِهَا صَائِماً أَوْ شَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءِ عَذْبٍ أَوْ تُمَيْرَاتٍ لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ مَنْ خَفَّفَ فِيهِ عَنْ مَمْلُوكِهِ خَفَّفَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ حِسَابَهُ وَ هُوَ شَهْرٌ أَوَّلُهُ رَحْمَةٌ وَ وَسَطُهُ مَغْفِرَةٌ وَ آخِرُهُ إِجَابَةٌ وَ اَلْعِتْقُ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ لاَ غِنَى بِكُمْ فِيهِ عَنْ أَرْبَعِ خِصَالٍ خَصْلَتَيْنِ تُرْضُونَ اَللَّهَ بِهِمَا وَ خَصْلَتَيْنِ لاَ غِنَى بِكُمْ عَنْهُمَا فَأَمَّا اَللَّتَانِ تُرْضُونَ اَللَّهَ بِهِمَا فَشَهَادَةُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ وَ أَمَّا اَللَّتَانِ لاَ غِنَى بِكُمْ عَنْهُمَا فَتَسْأَلُونَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِ حَوَائِجَكُمْ وَ اَلْجَنَّةَ وَ تَسْأَلُونَ اَللَّهَ فِيهِ اَلْعَافِيَةَ وَ تَتَعَوَّذُونَ بِهِ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ ».

Hadith.1831 - It is narrated by al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from Abu Ayyub, from Abu al-Ward, from Abu Ja‘far (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)), who said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) addressed the people on the last Friday of Sha‘ban. He praised Allah (swt) and glorified Him, then said: 'O people, indeed, a month is approaching you in which there is a night "better than a thousand months." It is the Month of Ramadan. Allah (swt) has made its fasting obligatory and standing in prayer on its nights equivalent to performing seventy voluntary prayers in other months. Whoever performs one act of goodness and charity in it will receive the reward of performing an obligatory act, and whoever performs an obligatory act will be rewarded as if he performed seventy obligatory acts in other months. It is the month of patience, and the reward for patience is Paradise. It is the month of solidarity and a month in which Allah (swt) increases the provision of the believer. Whoever provides food for a fasting believer to break their fast will have, with Allah (swt), the reward of freeing a slave and forgiveness for their past sins.' Someone asked: 'O Messenger of Allah (swt), not all of us can afford to provide food for a fasting person.' He (sw) said: 'Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, is generous and will grant this reward to one who provides even a sip of milk, a drink of fresh water, or a few dates to a fasting person. Whoever lightens the burden of their servant during this month, Allah (swt) will ease their reckoning. This is a month whose beginning is mercy, its middle is forgiveness, and its end is deliverance and freedom from the Fire. You are in need of four qualities during this month: two by which you please Allah (swt) and two without which you cannot do without. As for the two that please Him, Allah (swt), they are the testimony that there is no god but Allah (swt) and that I am the Messenger of Allah (swt). As for the two you cannot do without, they are asking Allah (swt) for your needs and for Paradise, and seeking Allah’s (swt) protection from the Fire.'"

1832 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : لَمَّا حَضَرَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ ذَلِكَ فِي ثَلاَثٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ لِبِلاَلٍ «نَادِ فِي اَلنَّاسِ» فَجَمَعَ اَلنَّاسَ ثُمَّ صَعِدَ اَلْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اَللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ إِنَّ هَذَا اَلشَّهْرَ قَدْ حَضَرَكُمْ وَ هُوَ سَيِّدُ اَلشُّهُورِ فِيهِ لَيْلَةٌ هِيَ «خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ» تُغْلَقُ فِيهِ أَبْوَابُ اَلنَّارِ وَ تُفَتَّحُ فِيهِ أَبْوَابُ اَلْجِنَانِ فَمَنْ أَدْرَكَهُ فَلَمْ يُغْفَرْ لَهُ فَأَبْعَدَهُ اَللَّهُ وَ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ وَالِدَيْهِ فَلَمْ يُغْفَرْ لَهُ فَأَبْعَدَهُ اَللَّهُ وَ مَنْ ذُكِرْتُ عِنْدَهُ فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيَّ فَلَمْ يُغْفَرْ لَهُ فَأَبْعَدَهُ اَللَّهُ.

Hadith.1832 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "When the Month of Ramadan approached, three days before the end of Sha‘ban, He said to Bilal: 'Call the people.' He (sw) gathered the people, then ascended the pulpit, praised Allah (swt), and glorified Him, and then said: 'O people, the month has come to you. It is the master of the months. In it is a night that is "better than a thousand months." During this month, the gates of the Fire are closed, and the gates of Paradise are opened. Whoever attains this month and is not forgiven, may Allah (swt) distance him. Whoever attains his parents and is not forgiven, may Allah (swt) distance him. And whoever hears my name mentioned and does not send blessings upon me, and is not forgiven, may Allah (swt) distance him.'"

1833 - وَ رَوَى جَابِرٌ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا نَظَرَ إِلَى هِلاَلِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اِسْتَقْبَلَ اَلْقِبْلَةَ بِوَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ « اَللَّهُمَّ أَهِلَّهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالْأَمْنِ وَ اَلْإِيمَانِ وَ اَلسَّلاَمَةِ وَ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ وَ اَلْعَافِيَةِ اَلْمُجَلِّلَةِ وَ اَلرِّزْقِ اَلْوَاسِعِ وَ دَفْعِ اَلْأَسْقَامِ وَ تِلاَوَةِ اَلْقُرْآنِ وَ اَلْعَوْنِ عَلَى اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ اَلصِّيَامِ اَللَّهُمَّ سَلِّمْنَا لِشَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ سَلِّمْهُ لَنَا وَ تَسَلَّمْهُ مِنَّا حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ قَدْ غَفَرْتَ لَنَا » ثُمَّ يُقْبِلُ بِوَجْهِهِ عَلَى اَلنَّاسِ فَيَقُولُ «يَا مَعْشَرَ اَلنَّاسِ إِذَا طَلَعَ هِلاَلُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ غُلَّتْ مَرَدَةُ اَلشَّيَاطِينِ وَ فُتِحَتْ أَبْوَابُ اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ أَبْوَابُ اَلْجِنَانِ وَ أَبْوَابُ اَلرَّحْمَةِ وَ غُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ اَلنَّارِ وَ اُسْتُجِيبَ اَلدُّعَاءُ وَ كَانَ لِلَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عِنْدَ كُلِّ فِطْرٍ عُتَقَاءُ يُعْتِقُهُمْ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ يُنَادِي مُنَادٍ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ هَلْ مِنْ تَائِبٍ هَلْ مِنْ سَائِلٍ هَلْ مِنْ مُسْتَغْفِرٍ: اَللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِ كُلَّ مُنْفِقٍ خَلَفاً وَ أَعْطِ كُلَّ مُمْسِكٍ تَلَفاً - حَتَّى إِذَا طَلَعَ هِلاَلُ شَوَّالٍ نُودِيَ اَلْمُؤْمِنُونَ أَنِ اُغْدُوا إِلَى جَوَائِزِكُمْ فَهُوَ يَوْمُ اَلْجَائِزَةِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «أَمَا وَ اَلَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا هِيَ بِجَائِزَةِ اَلدَّنَانِيرِ وَ اَلدَّرَاهِمِ.

Hadith.1833 - It is narrated by Jabir from Abu Ja‘far (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)), who said: "Whenever the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) saw the crescent of the Month of Ramadan, he would face the Qiblah and say: 'O Allah (swt), let this crescent appear over us with security, faith, peace, and submission, along with encompassing wellness, ample sustenance, protection from ailments, recitation of the Qur’an, and assistance in prayer and fasting. O Allah (swt), safeguard us for the Month of Ramadan, safeguard it for us, and accept it from us until the Month of Ramadan concludes, and You have forgiven us.' Then he would turn to the people and say: 'O people, when the crescent of Month of Ramadan rises, the rebellious devils are chained, the gates of the heavens, Paradise, and mercy are opened, and the gates of Hell are closed. Supplications are answered, and Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, frees people from the Fire every night at the time of breaking the fast. A caller announces every night: "Is there anyone who seeks repentance? Is there anyone who asks for something? Is there anyone seeking forgiveness?" O Allah (swt), grant every giver compensation, and bring destruction upon every miser.' When the crescent of Shawwal appears, it is announced to the believers: "Go forth to your rewards, for this is the Day of Reward."' Then Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: 'By the One in whose hand is my soul, the rewards are not in dinars or dirhams.'"

1834 - وَ رَوَى زُرَارَةُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمَّا اِنْصَرَفَ مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ وَ سَارَ إِلَى مِنًى دَخَلَ اَلْمَسْجِدَ فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ اَلنَّاسُ يَسْأَلُونَهُ عَنْ لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ فَقَامَ خَطِيباً فَقَالَ بَعْدَ اَلثَّنَاءِ عَلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّكُمْ سَأَلْتُمُونِي عَنْ لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ وَ لَمْ أَطْوِهَا عَنْكُمْ لِأَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ بِهَا عَالِماً اِعْلَمُوا أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ أَنَّهُ مَنْ وَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ هُوَ صَحِيحٌ سَوِيٌّ فَصَامَ نَهَارَهُ وَ قَامَ وِرْداً مِنْ لَيْلِهِ وَ وَاظَبَ عَلَى صَلاَتِهِ، وَ هَجَرَ إِلَى جُمُعَتِهِ وَ غَدَا إِلَى عِيدِهِ فَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ لَيْلَةَ اَلْقَدْرِ وَ فَازَ بِجَائِزَةِ اَلرَّبِّ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ».

Hadith.1834 - It is narrated by Zurara from Abu Ja‘far (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)): "When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) returned from Arafat and proceeded to Mina, he entered the mosque. People gathered around him, asking him about the Night of Qadr (Laylat al-Qadr). He stood to deliver a sermon and, after praising Allah (swt), the Almighty, He said: 'As for what follows, you have asked me about the Night of Qadr. I did not withhold it from you because I knew it and kept it secret, but rather because I was not informed about it. Know, O people, that whoever reaches the Month of Ramadan in good health and observes its fast during the day, stands in worship a portion of its nights, is consistent in their prayers, attends Friday congregational prayers, and sets out for the Eid prayer, then they have attained the Night of Qadr and succeeded in receiving the reward from their Lord (azj), the Almighty.'"

1835 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «فَازُوا وَ اَللَّهِ بِجَوَائِزَ لَيْسَتْ كَجَوَائِزِ اَلْعِبَادِ.

Hadith.1835 - Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) said: "By Allah (swt), they have succeeded with rewards that are unlike the rewards given by the servants."

1836 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِجَابِرٍ : «يَا جَابِرُ مَنْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ نَهَارَهُ وَ قَامَ وِرْداً مِنْ لَيْلِهِ وَ حَفِظَ فَرْجَهُ وَ لِسَانَهُ وَ غَضَّ بَصَرَهُ وَ كَفَّ أَذَاهُ خَرَجَ مِنَ اَلذُّنُوبِ كَيَوْمَ وَلَدَتْهُ أُمُّهُ» قَالَ جَابِرٌ قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا أَحْسَنَ هَذَا مِنْ حَدِيثٍ قَالَ «مَا أَشَدَّ هَذَا مِنْ شَرْطٍ.

Hadith.1836 - Abu Ja‘far (Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)) said to Jabir: "O Jabir, whoever reaches the Month of Ramadan, fasts its days, stands in worship for part of its nights, guards their chastity and tongue, lowers their gaze, and refrains from harming others will emerge from their sins as on the day their mother gave birth to them." Jabir said: "I replied, 'May I be your ransom, how beautiful this narration is!' Imam (as) said: 'How stringent its conditions are!'"

1837 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «لَمَّا حَضَرَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ قَامَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَحَمِدَ اَللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ» «أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ كَفَاكُمُ اَللَّهُ عَدُوَّكُمْ مِنَ اَلْجِنِّ وَ اَلْإِنْسِ وَ قَالَ «اُدْعُونِي أَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ» وَ وَعَدَكُمُ اَلْإِجَابَةَ أَلاَ وَ قَدْ وَكَّلَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِكُلِّ شَيْطَانٍ مَرِيدٍ سَبْعِينَ مِنْ مَلاَئِكَتِهِ فَلَيْسَ بِمَحْلُولٍ حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ شَهْرُكُمْ هَذَا أَلاَ وَ أَبْوَابُ اَلسَّمَاءِ مُفَتَّحَةٌ مِنْ أَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْهُ أَلاَ وَ اَلدُّعَاءُ فِيهِ مَقْبُولٌ.

Hadith.1837 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "When the Month of Ramadan arrived, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) stood, praised Allah (swt), and glorified Him. Then He said: 'O people, Allah (swt) has sufficed you against your enemies from among the jinn and humans. He said, "Call upon Me; I will respond to you," and He has promised you that He will answer. Know that Allah (swt), the Almighty, has assigned seventy of His angels to every rebellious devil, preventing them from being released until your month concludes. Be aware that the gates of the heavens are opened from the first night of this month. Know that supplications made in it are accepted.'"

1838 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِنَّ لِلَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عُتَقَاءَ وَ طُلَقَاءَ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ إِلاَّ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ عَلَى مُسْكِرٍ فَإِذَا كَانَ آخِرُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْهُ أَعْتَقَ فِيهَا مِثْلَ مَا أَعْتَقَ فِي جَمِيعِهِ ».

Hadith.1838 - It is narrated by Muhammad ibn Marwan from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), who said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, has freed individuals from the Fire every night of the Month of Ramadan, except for those who break their fast with an intoxicant. On the last night of the month, He frees as many as He freed throughout the entire month."

1839 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ : «إِلاَّ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ عَلَى مُسْكِرٍ أَوْ مشاحن [مُشَاحِناً] أَوْ صَاحِبَ شَاهَيْنِ وَ هُوَ اَلشِّطْرَنْجُ ».

Hadith.1839 - In the narration of Umar ibn Yazid: "Except for those who break their fast with an intoxicant, harbor enmity [Mushahinan], or are engaged with shahīn (which refers to chess)."

1840 - : وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا دَخَلَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ أَطْلَقَ كُلَّ أَسِيرٍ وَ أَعْطَى كُلَّ سَائِلٍ.

Hadith.1840 - When the Month of Ramadan began, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) would free every captive and give to every petitioner.

1841 - وَ رَوَى هِشَامُ بْنُ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «مَنْ لَمْ يُغْفَرْ لَهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَمْ يُغْفَرْ لَهُ إِلَى قَابِلٍ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ عَرَفَةَ ».

Hadith.1841 - Hisham ibn al-Hakam narrated from Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)), who said: "Whoever is not forgiven during the Month of Ramadan will not be forgiven until the following year, except if they witness the Day of Arafah."

1842 - وَ كَانَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُوصِي وُلْدَهُ وَ يَقُولُ «إِذَا دَخَلَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ فَأَجْهِدُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ تُقَسَّمُ اَلْأَرْزَاقُ وَ تُكْتَبُ اَلْآجَالُ وَ فِيهِ يُكْتَبُ وَفْدُ اَللَّهِ اَلَّذِينَ يَفِدُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ فِيهِ لَيْلَةٌ اَلْعَمَلُ فِيهَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ اَلْعَمَلِ فِي أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ.

Hadith.1842 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) used to advise his children, saying: "When the Month of Ramadan begins, strive with all your effort, for in it sustenance is distributed, lifespans are decreed, and the delegation to Allah (swt) - those who journey toward Him, is recorded. In it is a night wherein deeds performed are better than deeds done in a thousand months."

1843 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : « «إِنَّ عِدَّةَ اَلشُّهُورِ عِنْدَ اَللّٰهِ اِثْنٰا عَشَرَ شَهْراً فِي كِتٰابِ اَللّٰهِ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ اَلسَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ اَلْأَرْضَ» فَغُرَّةُ اَلشُّهُورِ شَهْرُ اَللَّهِ وَ هُوَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ قَلْبُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ وَ نَزَلَ اَلْقُرْآنُ فِي أَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَاسْتَقْبِلِ اَلشَّهْرَ بِالْقُرْآنِ ». قال مصنف هذا الكتاب - رحمه الله -: تكامل نزول القرآن ليلة القدر.

Hadith.1843 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Indeed, the number of months with Allah (swt) is twelve months in the Book of Allah (swt) from the day He created the heavens and the earth. The first and foremost of these months is the month of Allah (swt), which is the Month of Ramadan, and the heart of the Month of Ramadan is the Night of Qadr. The Quran was revealed on the first night of the Month of Ramadan. Therefore, greet the month with the Quran."

1844 - وَ رَوَى سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ اَلْمِنْقَرِيُّ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ اَلنَّخَعِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ لَمْ يَفْرِضِ اَللَّهُ صِيَامَهُ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنَ اَلْأُمَمِ قَبْلَنَا» فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَقَوْلُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «يٰا أَيُّهَا اَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ اَلصِّيٰامُ كَمٰا كُتِبَ عَلَى اَلَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ» قَالَ «إِنَّمَا فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ صِيَامَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى اَلْأَنْبِيَاءِ دُونَ اَلْأُمَمِ فَفَضَّلَ بِهِ هَذِهِ اَلْأُمَّةَ وَ جَعَلَ صِيَامَهُ فَرْضاً عَلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ».

Hadith.1844 - It is narrated by Sulayman ibn Dawood al-Minqari from Hafs ibn Ghayath al-Nakha‘i, who said: "I heard Abu Abdullah (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as)) say: 'Indeed, Allah (swt) did not make the fasting of the Month of Ramadan obligatory upon any nation before us.' I said to him: 'Then what about the words of Allah (swt), the Almighty: "O you who believe, fasting has been prescribed upon you as it was prescribed upon those before you"?' Imam (as) said: 'Allah (swt) made the fasting of the Month of Ramadan obligatory only upon the Prophets, not their nations. He favored this nation and made its fasting obligatory upon the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and upon his nation.'"

1845 - قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «إِذَا رَأَيْتَ اَلْهِلاَلَ فَلاَ تَبْرَحْ وَ قُلِ اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ هَذَا اَلشَّهْرِ وَ فَتْحَهُ وَ نُورَهُ وَ نَصْرَهُ وَ بَرَكَتَهُ وَ طَهُورَهُ وَ رِزْقَهُ وَ أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ مَا فِيهِ وَ خَيْرَ مَا بَعْدَهُ وَ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا فِيهِ وَ شَرِّ مَا بَعْدَهُ اَللَّهُمَّ أَدْخِلْهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالْأَمْنِ وَ اَلْإِيمَانِ وَ اَلسَّلاَمَةِ وَ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ وَ اَلْبَرَكَةِ وَ اَلتَّقْوَى وَ اَلتَّوْفِيقِ لِمَا تُحِبُّ وَ تَرْضَى ».

Hadith.1845 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "When you see the crescent, do not leave without saying: 'O Allah (swt), I ask You for the good of this month, its opening, its light, its help, its blessings, its purification, and its sustenance. I ask You for the good of what is in it and the good of what comes after it. I seek refuge in You from the evil of what is in it and the evil of what comes after it. O Allah (swt), bring it upon us with security, faith, peace, submission, blessings, piety, and success in what You love and are pleased with.'"

1846 - وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا أَهَلَّ هِلاَلَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اِسْتَقْبَلَ اَلْقِبْلَةَ وَ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ وَ قَالَ « اَللَّهُمَّ أَهِلَّهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالْأَمْنِ وَ اَلْإِيمَانِ وَ اَلسَّلاَمَةِ وَ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ وَ اَلْعَافِيَةِ اَلْمُجَلِّلَةِ وَ اَلرِّزْقِ اَلْوَاسِعِ وَ دَفْعِ اَلْأَسْقَامِ اَللَّهُمَّ اُرْزُقْنَا صِيَامَهُ وَ قِيَامَهُ وَ تِلاَوَةَ اَلْقُرْآنِ فِيهِ وَ سَلِّمْهُ لَنَا وَ تَسَلَّمْهُ مِنَّا وَ سَلِّمْنَا فِيهِ ».

Hadith.1846 - When the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) saw the crescent of the Month of Ramadan, he would face the Qiblah, raise his hands, and say: "O Allah (swt), let this crescent appear over us with security, faith, peace, submission, encompassing wellness, abundant sustenance, and protection from ailments. O Allah (swt), grant us the ability to fast during it, stand in prayer during it, and recite the Qur’an in it. Make it safe for us, accept it from us, and preserve us within it."

1847 - وَ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْلِ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عِنْدَ رُؤْيَةِ اَلْهِلاَلِ «أَيُّهَا اَلْخَلْقُ اَلْمُطِيعُ اَلدَّائِبُ اَلسَّرِيعُ اَلْمُتَرَدِّدُ فِي فَلَكِ اَلتَّدْبِيرِ اَلْمُتَصَرِّفُ فِي مَنَازِلِ اَلتَّقْدِيرِ آمَنْتُ بِمَنْ نَوَّرَ بِكَ اَلظُّلَمَ وَ أَضَاءَ بِكَ اَلْبُهَمَ وَ جَعَلَكَ آيَةً مِنْ آيَاتِ سُلْطَانِهِ وَ اِمْتَهَنَكَ بِالزِّيَادَةِ وَ اَلنُّقْصَانِ وَ اَلطُّلُوعِ وَ اَلْأُفُولِ وَ اَلْإِنَارَةِ وَ اَلْكُسُوفِ فِي كُلِّ ذَلِكَ أَنْتَ لَهُ مُطِيعٌ وَ إِلَى إِرَادَتِهِ سَرِيعٌ سُبْحَانَهُ مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا دَبَّرَ وَ أَتْقَنَ مَا صَنَعَ فِي مُلْكِهِ وَ جَعَلَكَ اَللَّهُ هِلاَلَ شَهْرٍ حَادِثٍ لِأَمْرٍ حَادِثٍ جَعَلَكَ اَللَّهُ هِلاَلَ أَمْنٍ وَ إِيمَانٍ وَ سَلاَمَةٍ وَ إِسْلاَمٍ هِلاَلَ أَمَنَةٍ مِنَ اَلْعَاهَاتِ وَ سَلاَمَةٍ مِنَ اَلسَّيِّئَاتِ: اَللَّهُمَّ اِجْعَلْنَا أَهْدَى مَنْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَزْكَى مَنْ نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ اَلنَّبِيِّ وَ آلِهِ اَللَّهُمَّ اِفْعَلْ بِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا يَا أَرْحَمَ اَلرَّاحِمِينَ ».

Hadith.1847 - Among the sayings of Amir al-Mu'minin (as) upon sighting the crescent was: "O obedient creation, tireless, swift, revolving in the orbit of decreed management, moving through the stages of measured determination. I believe in the One who brightened the darkness with you, illuminated obscurities through you, and made you a sign among the signs of His sovereignty. He subjected you to increase and decrease, rising and setting, illumination and eclipse. In all of this, you remain obedient to Him and quick to fulfill His will. Glory be to Him! How excellent is His management, and how perfect is His craftsmanship in His dominion. May Allah (swt) make you the crescent of a new month for a new matter, a crescent of security, faith, peace, and submission, a crescent free from calamities and safe from sins. O Allah (swt), make us the most rightly guided of those upon whom it rises and the purest of those who gaze upon it. Blessings of Allah (swt) be upon Muhammad, the Prophet, and his family. O Allah (swt), do for me [such-and-such] O Most Merciful of the merciful!"

1848 - رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْعَبْدِ اَلصَّالِحِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اُدْعُ بِهَذَا اَلدُّعَاءِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُسْتَقْبِلَ دُخُولِ اَلسَّنَةِ» وَ ذَكَرَ «أَنَّ مَنْ دَعَا بِهِ مُحْتَسِباً مُخْلِصاً لَمْ تُصِبْهُ فِي تِلْكَ اَلسَّنَةِ فِتْنَةٌ وَ لاَ آفَةٌ فِي دِينِهِ وَ دُنْيَاهُ وَ بَدَنِهِ وَ وَقَاهُ اَللَّهُ شَرَّ مَا يَأْتِي بِهِ فِي تِلْكَ اَلسَّنَةِ، اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِاسْمِكَ اَلَّذِي دَانَ لَهُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ وَ بِرَحْمَتِكَ اَلَّتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَ بِعِزَّتِكَ اَلَّتِي قَهَرْتَ بِهَا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَ بِعَظَمَتِكَ اَلَّتِي تَوَاضَعَ لَهَا كُلُّ شَيْءٍ وَ بِقُوَّتِكَ اَلَّتِي خَضَعَ لَهَا كُلُّ شَيْءٍ وَ بِجَبَرُوتِكَ اَلَّتِي غَلَبَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَ بِعِلْمِكَ اَلَّذِي «أَحٰاطَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ» يَا نُورُ يَا قُدُّوسُ يَا أَوَّلُ قَبْلَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَ يَا بَاقِي بَعْدَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَانُ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ اِغْفِرْ لِيَ اَلذُّنُوبَ اَلَّتِي تُغَيِّرُ اَلنِّعَمَ وَ اِغْفِرْ لِيَ اَلذُّنُوبَ اَلَّتِي تُنْزِلُ اَلنِّقَمَ وَ اِغْفِرْ لِيَ اَلذُّنُوبَ اَلَّتِي تَقْطَعُ اَلرَّجَاءَ وَ اِغْفِرْ لِيَ اَلذُّنُوبَ اَلَّتِي تُدِيلُ اَلْأَعْدَاءَ وَ اِغْفِرْ لِيَ اَلذُّنُوبَ اَلَّتِي تَرُدُّ اَلدُّعَاءَ وَ اِغْفِرْ لِيَ اَلذُّنُوبَ اَلَّتِي تُنْزِلُ اَلْبَلاَءَ وَ اِغْفِرْ لِيَ اَلذُّنُوبَ اَلَّذِي تَحْبِسُ غَيْثَ اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ اِغْفِرْ لِيَ اَلذُّنُوبَ اَلَّتِي تَهْتِكُ اَلْعِصَمَ وَ أَلْبِسْنِي دِرْعَكَ اَلْحَصِينَةَ اَلَّتِي لاَ تُرَامُ وَ عَافِنِي مِنْ شَرِّ مَا أُحَاذِرُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ اَلنَّهَارِ فِي مُسْتَقْبِلِ سَنَتِي هَذِهِ اَللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ اَلسَّمَاوَاتِ اَلسَّبْعِ وَ رَبَّ اَلْأَرَضِينَ اَلسَّبْعِ وَ مَا فِيهِنَّ وَ مَا بَيْنَهُنَّ وَ رَبَّ اَلْعَرْشِ اَلْعَظِيمِ وَ رَبَّ اَلسَّبْعِ اَلْمَثَانِي وَ اَلْقُرْآنِ اَلْعَظِيمِ وَ رَبَّ إِسْرَافِيلَ وَ مِيكَائِيلَ وَ جَبْرَئِيلَ وَ رَبَّ مُحَمَّدٍ سَيِّدِ اَلْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ خَاتَمِ اَلنَّبِيِّينَ أَسْأَلُكَ بِكَ وَ بِمَا تَسَمَّيْتَ بِهِ يَا عَظِيمُ أَنْتَ اَلَّذِي تَمُنُّ بِالْعَظِيمِ وَ تَدْفَعُ كُلَّ مَحْذُورٍ وَ تُعْطِي كُلَّ جَزِيلٍ وَ تُضَاعِفُ مِنَ اَلْحَسَنَاتِ اَلْكَثِيرِ بِالْقَلِيلِ وَ تَفْعَلُ مَا تَشَاءُ يَا قَدِيرُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَانُ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَلْبِسْنِي فِي مُسْتَقْبِلِ سَنَتِي هَذِهِ سِتْرَكَ وَ أَضِئْ وَجْهِي بِنُورِكَ وَ أَحْيِنِي بِمَحَبَّتِكَ وَ بَلِّغْ بِي رِضْوَانَكَ وَ شَرِيفَ كَرَائِمِكَ وَ جَسِيمَ عَطَائِكَ مِنْ خَيْرِ مَا عِنْدَكَ وَ مِنْ خَيْرِ مَا أَنْتَ مُعْطِيهِ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِكَ وَ أَلْبِسْنِي مَعَ ذَلِكَ عَافِيَتَكَ يَا مَوْضِعَ كُلِّ شَكْوَى وَ شَاهِدَ كُلِّ نَجْوَى وَ عَالِمَ كُلِّ خَفِيَّةٍ وَ يَا دَافِعَ مَا تَشَاءُ مِنْ بَلِيَّةٍ يَا كَرِيمَ اَلْعَفْوِ يَا حَسَنَ اَلتَّجَاوُزِ تَوَفَّنِي عَلَى مِلَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ فِطْرَتِهِ وَ عَلَى دِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ سُنَّتِهِ وَ عَلَى خَيْرِ اَلْوَفَاةِ فَتَوَفَّنِي مُوَالِياً لِأَوْلِيَائِكَ مُعَادِياً لِأَعْدَائِكَ اَللَّهُمَّ وَ جَنِّبْنِي فِي هَذِهِ اَلسَّنَةِ كُلَّ عَمَلٍ أَوْ قَوْلٍ أَوْ فِعْلٍ يُبَاعِدُنِي مِنْكَ وَ اِجْلِبْنِي إِلَى كُلِّ عَمَلٍ أَوْ فِعْلٍ أَوْ قَوْلٍ يُقَرِّبُنِي مِنْكَ فِي هَذِهِ اَلسَّنَةِ يَا أَرْحَمَ اَلرَّاحِمِينَ وَ اِمْنَعْنِي مِنْ كُلِّ عَمَلٍ أَوْ فِعْلٍ أَوْ قَوْلٍ يَكُونُ مِنِّي أَخَافُ سُوءَ عَاقِبَتِهِ وَ مَقْتَكَ إِيَّايَ عَلَيْهِ حَذَراً أَنْ تَصْرِفَ وَجْهَكَ اَلْكَرِيمَ عَنِّي وَ أَسْتَوْجِبَ بِهِ نَقْصاً مِنْ حَظٍّ لِي عِنْدَكَ يَا رَءُوفُ يَا رَحِيمُ اَللَّهُمَّ اِجْعَلْنِي فِي مُسْتَقْبِلِ سَنَتِي هَذِهِ فِي حِفْظِكَ وَ جِوَارِكَ وَ كَنَفِكَ وَ جَلِّلْنِي سِتْرَ عَافِيَتِكَ وَ هَبْ لِي كَرَامَتَكَ عَزَّ جَارُكَ وَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُكَ وَ لاَ إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ اَللَّهُمَّ اِجْعَلْنِي تَابِعاً لِصَالِحِي مَنْ مَضَى مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِكَ وَ أَلْحِقْنِي بِهِمْ وَ اِجْعَلْنِي مُسْلِماً لِمَنْ قَالَ بِالصِّدْقِ عَلَيْكَ مِنْهُمْ وَ أَعُوذُ بِكَ يَا إِلَهِي أَنْ تُحِيطَ بِي خَطِيئَتِي وَ ظُلْمِي وَ إِسْرَافِي عَلَى نَفْسِي وَ اِتِّبَاعِي لِهَوَايَ وَ اِشْتِغَالِي بِشَهَوَاتِي فَيَحُولَ ذَلِكَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ رَحْمَتِكَ وَ رِضْوَانِكَ فَأَكُونَ مَنْسِيّاً عِنْدَكَ مُتَعَرِّضاً لِسَخَطِكَ وَ نَقِمَتِكَ اَللَّهُمَّ وَفِّقْنِي لِكُلِّ عَمَلٍ صَالِحٍ تَرْضَى بِهِ عَنِّي وَ قَرِّبْنِي إِلَيْكَ زُلْفَى اَللَّهُمَّ كَمَا كَفَيْتَ نَبِيَّكَ مُحَمَّداً صَلَوَاتُكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ هَوْلَ عَدُوِّهِ وَ فَرَّجْتَ هَمَّهُ وَ كَشَفْتَ كَرْبَهُ وَ صَدَقْتَهُ وَعْدَكَ وَ أَنْجَزْتَ لَهُ عَهْدَكَ اَللَّهُمَّ فَبِذَلِكَ فَاكْفِنِي هَوْلَ هَذِهِ اَلسَّنَةِ وَ آفَاتِهَا وَ أَسْقَامَهَا وَ فِتَنَهَا وَ شُرُورَهَا وَ أَحْزَانَهَا وَ ضِيقَ اَلْمَعَاشِ فِيهَا وَ بَلِّغْنِي بِرَحْمَتِكَ كَمَالَ اَلْعَافِيَةِ بِتَمَامِ دَوَامِ اَلنِّعَمِ عِنْدِي إِلَى مُنْتَهَى أَجَلِي أَسْأَلُكَ سُؤَالَ مَنْ أَسَاءَ وَ ظَلَمَ وَ اِسْتَكَانَ وَ اِعْتَرَفَ أَنْ تَغْفِرَ لِي مَا مَضَى مِنَ اَلذُّنُوبِ اَلَّتِي حَضَرَتْهَا حَفَظَتُكَ وَ أَحْصَتْهَا كِرَامُ مَلاَئِكَتِكَ عَلَيَّ وَ أَنْ تَعْصِمَنِيَ اَللَّهُمَّ مِنَ اَلذُّنُوبِ فِيمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِي إِلَى مُنْتَهَى أَجَلِي يَا اَللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَانُ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آتِنِي كُلَّ مَا سَأَلْتُكَ وَ رَغِبْتُ إِلَيْكَ فِيهِ فَإِنَّكَ أَمَرْتَنِي بِالدُّعَاءِ وَ تَكَفَّلْتَ بِالْإِجَابَةِ يَا أَرْحَمَ اَلرَّاحِمِينَ ».

Hadith.1848 - It is narrated from the righteous servant (of Allah (swt)), Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) who said: "Recite this supplication in Month of Ramadan at the beginning of the year." He mentioned, "Whoever recites it sincerely and with intention will not face any tribulation or calamity in their religion, worldly affairs, or body during that year, and Allah (swt) will protect them from the harm of that year." The supplication is as follows: "O Allah (swt), I ask You by Your Name to which all things yield, by Your mercy that encompasses all things, by Your might through which You overpower all things, by Your greatness to which all things humble themselves, by Your strength to which all things submit, by Your dominion that surpasses all things, and by Your knowledge that encompasses all things. O Light, O Holy One, O the One who existed before all things and remains after all things, O Allah (swt), O Merciful, send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad. Forgive me the sins that change blessings, forgive me the sins that bring down vengeance, forgive me the sins that cut off hope, forgive me the sins that bring adversaries near, forgive me the sins that repel supplication, forgive me the sins that bring down tribulations, forgive me the sins that withhold the rains of the skies, forgive me the sins that tear apart protections. Envelop me in Your impenetrable armor, which cannot be pierced. Protect me from the harm of what I fear during the night and the day throughout the coming year. O Allah (swt), Lord (azj) of the seven heavens and the seven earths and what is within and between them, Lord (azj) of the Great Throne, Lord (azj) of the Seven Oft-Repeated Verses and the Magnificent Quran, Lord (azj) of Israfil, Mika'il, and Archangel Jibril, and Lord (azj) of Muhammad, the master of the messengers and the seal of the Prophets, I ask You by Your Name and by what You have named Yourself, O Magnificent. You are the One who bestows great blessings, averts all feared calamities, grants abundant rewards, multiplies abundant good deeds from little, and does whatever You will. O All-Powerful, O Allah (swt), O Merciful, send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad." O All-Powerful, O Allah (swt), O Most Merciful, send Your blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad. In the upcoming year, clothe me with Your protection, illuminate my face with Your light, enliven me with Your love, and grant me Your satisfaction, the honor of Your noble gifts, and the greatness of Your bounties from the best of what You have and from the best of what You bestow upon anyone of Your creation. Along with this, clothe me in Your protection, O the One who hears every complaint, witnesses every whispered prayer, and knows every secret. O the One who wards off every affliction as You will, O Generous in forgiveness, O the One who perfects pardon. Grant me death upon the creed of Ibrahim and his natural disposition, upon the religion of Muhammad and his Sunnah, and upon the best of fates. Cause me to die as a supporter of Your friends and an enemy of Your adversaries. O Allah (swt), protect me this year from every action, speech, or deed that distances me from You, and bring me closer to every action, speech, or deed that brings me closer to You in this year, O Most Merciful of the merciful. Prevent me from every action, speech, or deed of mine that I fear will lead to an evil consequence or earn Your wrath upon me. I seek to avoid anything that causes You to turn away Your noble face from me or that diminishes my portion with You. O Most Compassionate, Most Merciful. O Allah (swt), in the coming year, place me in Your protection, under Your care, and in Your shelter. Envelop me in the shield of Your wellbeing and bestow upon me Your honor. Exalted is Your might, and glorified is Your praise. There is no deity other than You. O Allah (swt), make me among those who follow the righteous who have passed away among Your friends and join me with them. Make me submissive to those who truly proclaim the truth about You among them. I seek refuge in You, my God, from my sins enveloping me, from my injustices, my excesses upon myself, and my indulgence in desires and preoccupation with worldly passions. I fear these might separate me from Your mercy and pleasure. Let me not become forgotten by You or exposed to Your wrath and punishment. O Allah (swt), guide me to every righteous deed that pleases You and brings me closer to You. Grant me proximity to You. Protect me from harm in this year, and save me from all afflictions, difficulties, and adversities. Complete Your blessings upon me, and let me end this year in a state of Your pleasure and mercy. O Most Merciful of the merciful. O my God, I seek Your refuge from my sins enveloping me, from my injustices, my excessiveness against myself, my following of my desires, and my preoccupation with my worldly passions, lest these become a barrier between me and Your mercy and pleasure. I fear becoming forgotten in Your sight and subjected to Your wrath and punishment. O Allah (swt), guide me to every righteous action that earns Your pleasure and draws me closer to You. O Allah (swt), as You protected Your Prophet Muhammad—Your blessings be upon him and his family—from the horrors of his enemies, alleviated his worries, removed his distress, fulfilled Your promise to him, and honored Your covenant with him, I beseech You to protect me in the same way from the hardships, afflictions, illnesses, trials, evils, sorrows, and financial difficulties of this year. Grant me, by Your mercy, complete wellbeing through the continuity of Your blessings until the end of my life. I ask You as one who has erred, wronged, submitted, and confessed, to forgive my past sins, which were witnessed by Your guardians, recorded by Your noble angels, and counted against me. I beseech You, O Allah (swt), to shield me from sins for the remainder of my life until my appointed end. O Allah (swt), Most Compassionate, Most Merciful, send Your blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad. Grant me everything I have asked and hoped for from You, for You have commanded me to call upon You and have promised to respond. O Most Merciful of the merciful.”

1849 - وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ يَدْعُو بِهَذَا اَلدُّعَاءِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ « اَللَّهُمَّ هَذَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ اَلَّذِي أَنْزَلْتَ فِيهِ اَلْقُرْآنَ وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ اَلصِّيَامِ وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ اَلْإِنَابَةِ وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ اَلتَّوْبَةِ وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ اَلْمَغْفِرَةِ وَ اَلرَّحْمَةِ وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ اَلْعِتْقِ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ اَلْفَوْزِ بِالْجَنَّةِ اَللَّهُمَّ فَسَلِّمْهُ لِي وَ تَسَلَّمْهُ مِنِّي وَ أَعِنِّي عَلَيْهِ بِأَفْضَلِ عَوْنِكَ وَ وَفِّقْنِي فِيهِ لِطَاعَتِكَ وَ فَرِّغْنِي فِيهِ لِعِبَادَتِكَ وَ دُعَائِكَ وَ تِلاَوَةِ كِتَابِكَ وَ أَعْظِمْ لِي فِيهِ اَلْبَرَكَةَ وَ أَحْسِنْ لِي فِيهِ اَلْعَافِيَةَ وَ صَحِّحْ لِي فِيهِ بَدَنِي وَ أَوْسِعْ فِيهِ رِزْقِي وَ اِكْفِنِي فِيهِ مَا أَهَمَّنِي وَ اِسْتَجِبْ فِيهِ دُعَائِي وَ بَلِّغْنِي فِيهِ رَجَائِي اَللَّهُمَّ أَذْهِبْ عَنِّي فِيهِ اَلنُّعَاسَ وَ اَلْكَسَلَ وَ اَلسَّأْمَةَ وَ اَلْفَتْرَةَ وَ اَلْقَسْوَةَ وَ اَلْغَفْلَةَ وَ اَلْغِرَّةَ اَللَّهُمَّ جَنِّبْنِي فِيهِ اَلْعِلَلَ وَ اَلْأَسْقَامَ وَ اَلْهُمُومَ وَ اَلْأَحْزَانَ وَ اَلْأَعْرَاضَ وَ اَلْأَمْرَاضَ وَ اَلْخَطَايَا وَ اَلذُّنُوبَ وَ اِصْرِفْ عَنِّي فِيهِ اَلسُّوءَ وَ اَلْفَحْشَاءَ وَ اَلْجَهْدَ وَ اَلْبَلاَءَ وَ اَلتَّعَبَ وَ اَلْعَنَاءَ «إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ اَلدُّعٰاءِ» اَللَّهُمَّ أَعِذْنِي فِيهِ مِنَ اَلشَّيْطَانِ اَلرَّجِيمِ وَ هَمْزِهِ وَ لَمْزِهِ وَ نَفْثِهِ وَ نَفْخِهِ وَ وَسْوَاسِهِ وَ كَيْدِهِ وَ مَكْرِهِ وَ خَتْلِهِ وَ أَمَانِيِّهِ وَ خَدْعِهِ وَ غُرُورِهِ وَ فِتْنَتِهِ وَ خَيْلِهِ وَ رَجْلِهِ وَ شُرَكَائِهِ وَ أَحْزَابِهِ وَ أَعْوَانِهِ وَ أَتْبَاعِهِ وَ أَخْدَانِهِ وَ أَشْيَاعِهِ وَ أَوْلِيَائِهِ وَ جَمِيعِ كَيْدِهِمْ اَللَّهُمَّ اُرْزُقْنِي فِيهِ تَمَامَ صِيَامِهِ وَ بُلُوغَ اَلْأَمَلِ فِي قِيَامِهِ وَ اِسْتِكْمَالَ مَا يُرْضِيكَ عَنِّي صَبْراً وَ إِيمَاناً وَ يَقِيناً وَ اِحْتِسَاباً ثُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ ذَلِكَ مِنِّي بِالْأَضْعَافِ اَلْكَثِيرَةِ وَ اَلْأَجْرِ اَلْعَظِيمِ اَللَّهُمَّ اُرْزُقْنِي فِيهِ اَلْجِدَّ وَ اَلاِجْتِهَادَ وَ اَلْقُوَّةَ وَ اَلنَّشَاطَ وَ اَلْإِنَابَةَ وَ اَلتَّوْبَةَ وَ اَلرَّغْبَةَ وَ اَلرَّهْبَةَ وَ اَلْجَزَعَ وَ اَلْخُشُوعَ وَ اَلرِّقَّةَ وَ صِدْقَ اَللِّسَانِ وَ اَلْوَجَلَ مِنْكَ وَ اَلرَّجَاءَ لَكَ وَ اَلتَّوَكُّلَ عَلَيْكَ وَ اَلثِّقَةَ بِكَ وَ اَلْوَرَعَ عَنْ مَحَارِمِكَ مَعَ صَالِحِ اَلْقَوْلِ وَ مَقْبُولِ اَلسَّعْيِ، [وَ اِسْتِكْمَالِ مَا يُرْضِيكَ فِيهِ عَنِّي صَبْراً وَ يَقِيناً وَ إِيمَاناً وَ اِحْتِسَاباً ثُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ ذَلِكَ مِنِّي بِالْأَضْعَافِ اَلْكَثِيرَةِ وَ اَلْأَجْرِ اَلْعَظِيمِ اَللَّهُمَّ اُرْزُقْنِي فِيهِ اَلْجِدَّ وَ اَلاِجْتِهَادَ وَ اَلْقُوَّةَ وَ اَلنَّشَاطَ وَ اَلْإِنَابَةَ وَ اَلتَّوْبَةَ وَ اَلرَّغْبَةَ وَ اَلرَّهْبَةَ وَ اَلْجَزَعَ وَ اَلْخُشُوعَ وَ اَلرِّقَّةَ وَ صِدْقَ اَللِّسَانِ وَ اَلْوَجَلَ مِنْكَ وَ اَلرَّجَاءَ لَكَ وَ اَلتَّوَكُّلَ عَلَيْكَ وَ اَلثِّقَةَ بِكَ وَ اَلْوَرَعَ عَنْ مَحَارِمِكَ مَعَ صَالِحِ اَلْقَوْلِ وَ مَقْبُولِ اَلسَّعْيِ وَ اِسْتِكْمَالَ مَا يُرْضِيكَ فِيهِ عَنِّي صَبْراً وَ يَقِيناً وَ إِيمَاناً وَ اِحْتِسَاباً ثُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ ذَلِكَ مِنِّي بِالْأَضْعَافِ اَلْكَثِيرَةِ وَ اَلْأَجْرِ اَلْعَظِيمِ اَللَّهُمَّ اُرْزُقْنِي فِيهِ اَلْجِدَّ وَ اَلاِجْتِهَادَ وَ اَلْقُوَّةَ وَ اَلنَّشَاطَ وَ اَلْإِنَابَةَ وَ اَلتَّوْبَةَ وَ اَلرَّغْبَةَ وَ اَلرَّهْبَةَ وَ اَلْجَزَعَ وَ اَلرِّقَّةَ] وَ مَرْفُوعِ اَلْعَمَلِ وَ مُسْتَجَابِ اَلدُّعَاءِ وَ لاَ تَحُلْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ شَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِعَرَضٍ وَ لاَ مَرَضٍ وَ لاَ هَمٍّ بِرَحْمَتِكَ يَا أَرْحَمَ اَلرَّاحِمِينَ ».

Hadith.1849 - Imam Zain al-Abidin Ali ibn al-Hussein (as) used to recite this supplication in the Month of Ramadan: "O Allah (swt), this is the Month of Ramadan, in which You revealed the Quran. This is the month of fasting, the month of turning back to You, the month of repentance, the month of forgiveness and mercy, the month of deliverance from the fire, and the month of attaining paradise. O Allah (swt), safeguard it for me and accept it from me. Aid me in it with Your best assistance, grant me success in obeying You, and free me for worshiping You, supplicating to You, and reciting Your Book. Magnify its blessings for me, perfect well-being for me in it, strengthen my body in it, expand my sustenance in it, suffice me in it from what worries me, answer my supplication in it, and fulfill my hopes in it. O Allah (swt), remove from me in it drowsiness, laziness, weariness, weakness, hardness of the heart, heedlessness, and deception. O Allah (swt), keep me away in it from illnesses, ailments, worries, sorrows, troubles, diseases, errors, and sins. Divert from me in it evil, indecency, hardship, affliction, exhaustion, and toil. Indeed, You are the Hearer of supplications." "O Allah (swt), protect me in it from the accursed Shaytan, from his insinuations, mockery, whispers, delusions, arrogance, schemes, trickery, false promises, deception, and trials, as well as his cavalry, infantry, allies, parties, helpers, followers, companions, supporters, and all their devious plans. O Allah (swt), grant me in it the completion of its fasts, the attainment of hopes in its night prayers, and the perfection of what pleases You from me with patience, faith, certainty, and sincere expectation of reward. Then accept it from me with multiplied rewards and great recompense. O Allah (swt), grant me in it diligence, striving, strength, energy, repentance, turning to You, longing for You, fear of You, weeping out of Your awe, humility, tenderness, truthful speech, trembling before You, hope in You, reliance upon You, trust in You, and piety in refraining from what You have prohibited, along with righteous words and acceptable deeds." "[And the completion of what pleases You from me in it, with patience, certainty, faith, and the expectation of reward. Then accept that from me with multiplied rewards and great recompense. O Allah (swt), grant me in it diligence, striving, strength, energy, repentance, turning to You, longing for You, fear of You, weeping out of awe for You, humility, tenderness, truthful speech, trembling before You, hope in You, reliance upon You, trust in You, and piety in refraining from what You have prohibited, along with righteous words and acceptable deeds. And the completion of what pleases You from me in it, with patience, certainty, faith, and the expectation of reward. Then accept that from me with multiplied rewards and great recompense. O Allah (swt), grant me in it diligence, striving, strength, energy, repentance, turning to You, longing for You, fear of You, weeping out of awe for You, humility, and tenderness.] And the elevation of deeds and the acceptance of supplications, and do not let anything come between me and these—neither affliction, nor illness, nor worry. By Your mercy, O Most Merciful of the merciful!"

1850 - كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ -: « اَللَّهُمَّ لَكَ صُمْنَا وَ عَلَى رِزْقِكَ أَفْطَرْنَا فَتَقَبَّلْهُ مِنَّا ذَهَبَ اَلظَّمَأُ وَ اِبْتَلَّتِ اَلْعُرُوقُ وَ بَقِيَ اَلْأَجْرُ ».

Hadith.1850 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), when breaking his fast, would say: "O Allah (swt), for You we fasted, and upon Your sustenance we have broken our fast. So accept it from us. The thirst has gone, the veins are quenched, and the reward remains."

1851 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «تَقُولُ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عِنْدَ اَلْإِفْطَارِ إِلَى آخِرِهِ: اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ اَلَّذِي أَعَانَنَا فَصُمْنَا وَ رَزَقَنَا فَأَفْطَرْنَا اَللَّهُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّا وَ أَعِنَّا عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلِّمْنَا فِيهِ وَ تَسَلَّمْهُ مِنَّا فِي يُسْرٍ مِنْكَ وَ عَافِيَةٍ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ اَلَّذِي قَضَى عَنَّا يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ».

Hadith.1851 - Abu Basir narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) who said: "You should say every night of the Month of Ramadan at the time of breaking the fast until its end: 'All praise belongs to Allah (swt), who helped us so we fasted, and provided for us so we broke our fast. O Allah (swt), accept it from us, assist us in it, and keep us safe in it. Accept it from us with ease and well-being from You. All praise belongs to Allah (swt), who completed for us a day of the Month of Ramadan.'"

1852 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «يُسْتَجَابُ دُعَاءُ اَلصَّائِمِ عِنْدَ اَلْإِفْطَارِ.

Hadith.1852 - Imam (as) said: "The supplication of the fasting person is answered at the time of breaking the fast."

1853 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لاَ يَضُرُّ اَلصَّائِمَ مَا صَنَعَ إِذَا اِجْتَنَبَ أَرْبَعَ خِصَالٍ اَلطَّعَامَ وَ اَلشَّرَابَ وَ اَلنِّسَاءَ وَ اَلاِرْتِمَاسَ فِي اَلْمَاءِ ».

Hadith.1853 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Ja'far (as), who said: "The fasting person is not harmed by what he does as long as he avoids four things: eating, drinking, women, and immersing himself in water."

1854 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «إِنَّ اَلْكَذِبَ عَلَى اَللَّهِ وَ عَلَى اَلْأَئِمَّةِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُفَطِّرُ اَلصَّائِمَ ».

Hadith.1854 - In a narration from Mansur ibn Yunus, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdullah (as): "Lying about Allah (swt) and about the Imams (as) invalidates the fast."

1855 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِذَا صُمْتَ فَلْيَصُمْ سَمْعُكَ وَ بَصَرُكَ وَ شَعْرُكَ وَ جِلْدُكَ وَ عَدَّدَ أَشْيَاءَ غَيْرَ هَذَا» وَ قَالَ «لاَ يَكُونُ يَوْمُ صَوْمِكَ كَيَوْمِ فِطْرِكَ ».

Hadith.1855 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Imam (as) that Imam (as) said: "When you fast, let your hearing, your sight, your hair, and your skin also fast," and Imam mentioned other things besides these. Imam (as) also said: "The day of your fast should not be like the day when you are not fasting."

1856 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَرِهَ لِي سِتَّ خِصَالٍ وَ كَرِهْتُهُنَّ لِلْأَوْصِيَاءِ مِنْ وُلْدِي وَ أَتْبَاعِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي أَحَدُهَا اَلرَّفَثُ فِي اَلصَّوْمِ ».

Hadith.1856 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, has disliked six traits for me, and I have disliked them for the successors from among my progeny and their followers after me. One of them is indecency during fasting."

1857 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنِ اَلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِنَّ اَلصِّيَامَ لَيْسَ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ اَلشَّرَابِ وَحْدَهُ إِنَّ مَرْيَمَ قَالَتْ «إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمٰنِ صَوْماً » أَيْ صَمْتاً فَاحْفَظُوا أَلْسِنَتَكُمْ وَ غُضُّوا أَبْصَارَكُمْ وَ لاَ تَحَاسَدُوا وَ لاَ تَنَازَعُوا فَإِنَّ اَلْحَسَدَ يَأْكُلُ اَلْإِيمَانَ كَمَا تَأْكُلُ اَلنَّارُ اَلْحَطَبَ».

Hadith.1857 - Abu Basir narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that he said: "Fasting is not limited to refraining from food and drink alone. Indeed, Maryam said, ‘I have vowed a fast to the Most Merciful’ (i.e., silence). So, guard your tongues, lower your gazes, do not envy one another, and do not quarrel. Indeed, envy consumes faith just as fire consumes wood."

1858 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «عَلَيْكُمْ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِكَثْرَةِ اَلاِسْتِغْفَارِ وَ اَلدُّعَاءِ فَأَمَّا اَلدُّعَاءُ فَيَدْفَعُ عَنْكُمُ اَلْبَلاَءَ وَ أَمَّا اَلاِسْتِغْفَارُ فَتُمْحَى بِهِ ذُنُوبُكُمْ ».

Hadith.1858 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "During the Month of Ramadan, engage abundantly in seeking forgiveness and supplication. As for supplication, it wards off affliction from you, and as for seeking forgiveness, it erases your sins."

1859 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «لاَ تُنْشِدِ اَلشِّعْرَ بِلَيْلٍ وَ لاَ تُنْشِدْهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِلَيْلٍ وَ لاَ نَهَارٍ» فَقَالَ لَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَا أَبَتَاهْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِينَا قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِينَا ».

Hadith.1859 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Do not recite poetry at night, and do not recite it during the nights or days of Month of Ramadan." Isma'il then asked him, "O my father, even if it is about us?" Imam (as) replied, "Even if it is about us."

1860 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ صَائِمٍ يُشْتَمُ فَيَقُولُ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ سَلاَمٌ عَلَيْكَ لاَ أَشْتِمُكَ كَمَا تَشْتِمُنِي إِلاَّ قَالَ اَلرَّبُّ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى اِسْتَجَارَ عَبْدِي بِالصَّوْمِ مِنْ شَرِّ عَبْدِي قَدْ أَجَرْتُهُ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ.

Hadith.1860 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "If a fasting servant is insulted and responds by saying, 'I am fasting; peace be upon you. I will not insult you as you have insulted me,' the Lord (azj), Blessed and Exalted, says: 'My servant has sought refuge through fasting from the evil of My servant; I have granted him protection from the Fire.'"

1861 - وَ سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اِمْرَأَةً تَسُبُّ جَارِيَةً لَهَا وَ هِيَ صَائِمَةٌ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِطَعَامٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا «كُلِي» فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي صَائِمَةٌ فَقَالَ «كَيْفَ تَكُونِينَ صَائِمَةً وَ قَدْ سَبَبْتِ جَارِيَتَكِ إِنَّ اَلصَّوْمَ لَيْسَ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ اَلشَّرَابِ فَقَطْ ».

Hadith.1861 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) heard a woman insulting her servant while she was fasting. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) called for food and said to her, "Eat." She replied: "I am fasting." He (sw) said: "How can you be fasting when you have insulted your servant? Indeed, fasting is not merely abstaining from food and drink."

1862 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «إِذَا صُمْتَ فَلْيَصُمْ سَمْعُكَ وَ بَصَرُكَ مِنَ اَلْحَرَامِ وَ اَلْقَبِيحِ وَ دَعِ اَلْمِرَاءَ وَ أَذَى اَلْخَادِمِ وَ لْيَكُنْ عَلَيْكَ وَقَارُ اَلصَّائِمِ وَ لاَ تَجْعَلْ يَوْمَ صَوْمِكَ كَيَوْمِ فِطْرِكَ ».

Hadith.1862 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "When you fast, let your hearing and your sight refrain from the unlawful and the reprehensible. Avoid argumentation and harming the servant. Let there be upon you the dignity of a fasting person, and do not make the day of your fast like the day of your breaking the fast."

1863 - اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِنَّا إِذَا أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَحْتَجِمَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اِحْتَجَمْنَا بِاللَّيْلِ».

Hadith.1863 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "When we wish to perform cupping (hijamah) during the Month of Ramadan, we do it at night."

1864 - قَالَ: وَ سَأَلْتُهُ أَ يَحْتَجِمُ اَلصَّائِمُ فَقَالَ «إِنِّي أَتَخَوَّفُ عَلَيْهِ مَا يَتَخَوَّفُ بِهِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ» قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا [ذَا] تَتَخَوَّفُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ «اَلْغَشْيَ أَنْ تَثُورَ بِهِ مِرَّةٌ» قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ قَوِيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ لَمْ يَخْشَ شَيْئاً قَالَ «نَعَمْ إِنْ شَاءَ.

Hadith.1864 - He said: "I asked him, 'Can a fasting person perform cupping (hijamah)?' Imam (as) replied: 'I fear for him what he might fear for himself.' I asked: 'What do you fear for him?' Imam (as) said: 'Fainting or the stirring of bile.' I asked: 'What if he is strong enough and does not fear anything?' Imam (as) said: 'Yes, if he wishes.'"

1865 - وَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَحْتَجِمَ اَلصَّائِمُ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يُغْشَى عَلَيْهِ فَيُفْطِرَ.

Hadith.1865 - Amir al-Mu'minin (as) disliked that a fasting person perform cupping (hijamah) out of fear that he might faint and thus break his fast.

1866 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْقَلْسِ أَ يُفَطِّرُ اَلصَّائِمَ فَقَالَ «لاَ». ولا بأس بالمضمضة والاستنشاق للصائم، فإذا تمضمض واستنشق فلا يبلع ريقه حتى يبزق ثلاثا ، وإن تمضمض فدخل الماء حلقه فإن كان ذلك لوضوء الصلاة فلا قضاء عليه.

Hadith.1866 - Al-Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far (as), that he was asked about regurgitation (qalas): "Does it invalidate the fast?" Imam (as) said: "No."

1867 - وَ سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَبِثَ بِالْمَاءِ يَتَمَضْمَضُ بِهِ مِنْ عَطَشٍ فَدَخَلَ حَلْقَهُ قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ قَضَاؤُهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي وُضُوءٍ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ».

Hadith.1867 - Sama'ah ibn Mihran asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who played with water by rinsing his mouth due to thirst, and it entered his throat. Imam (as) said: "He must make up his fast. However, if it was during ablution (wudu), there is no harm in it."

1868 - قَالَ: وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْقَيْءِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ شَيْءٌ يَذْرَعُهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ شَيْءٌ يُكْرِهُ عَلَيْهِ نَفْسَهُ فَقَدْ أَفْطَرَ وَ عَلَيْهِ اَلْقَضَاءُ ».

Hadith.1868 - He said: I asked him about vomiting during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "If it happens involuntarily, there is no harm. However, if he forces himself to vomit, then his fast is invalidated, and he must make it up."

1869 - وَ سَأَلَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ اَلْبَزَنْطِيُّ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَحْتَقِنُ تَكُونُ بِهِ اَلْعِلَّةُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «اَلصَّائِمُ لاَ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْتَقِنَ ».

Hadith.1869 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanti asked Abu al-Hasan al-Ridha (as) about a man who uses an enema due to illness during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "A fasting person is not permitted to use an enema."

1870 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَجْعَلُ اَلنَّوَاةَ فِي فِيهِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ قَالَ «لاَ» قُلْتُ فَيَجْعَلُ اَلْخَاتَمَ قَالَ «نَعَمْ». ومن احتلم بالنهار في شهر رمضان فليتم صيامه ولا قضاء عليه.

Hadith.1870 - It was narrated from Mansur ibn Hazim that he said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who places a date seed in his mouth while fasting. Imam (as) said: 'No.' I then asked: 'What about placing a ring?' Imam (as) said: 'Yes.'"

1871 - وَ رَوَى عَمَّارُ بْنُ مُوسَى اَلسَّابَاطِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلصَّائِمِ يَنْزِعُ ضِرْسَهُ قَالَ «لاَ وَ لاَ يُدْمِي فَمَهُ ».

Hadith.1871 - Ammar ibn Musa al-Sabati narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a fasting person who extracts a tooth. Imam (as) said: "No, and his mouth should not bleed."

1872 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِذَا صَامَ تَطَيَّبَ بِالطِّيبِ وَ يَقُولُ «اَلطِّيبُ تُحْفَةُ اَلصَّائِمُ ».

Hadith.1872 - It was narrated from Hasan ibn Rashid that he said: "When Abu Abdullah (as) fasted, he would apply perfume and say, 'Perfume is a gift for the fasting person.'"

1873 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَدْخُلُ اَلْحَمَّامَ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يَخْشَ ضَعْفاً».

Hadith.1873 - Al-Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far (as), that he was asked about a man entering the bathhouse while fasting. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm as long as he does not fear weakness."

1874 - وَ قَدْ سُئِلَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُقَبِّلُ اِمْرَأَتَهُ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ قَالَ «هَلْ هِيَ إِلاَّ رَيْحَانَةٌ يَشَمُّهَا». وأفضل ذلك أن يتنزه الصائم عن القبلة.

Hadith.1874 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was asked about a man kissing his wife while he is fasting. He (sw) said: "Is she anything but a fragrant flower to smell?"

1875 - فَقَدْ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «أَ مَا يَسْتَحْيِي أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ لاَ يَصْبِرَ يَوْماً إِلَى اَللَّيْلِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ يُقَالُ إِنَّ بَدْءَ اَلْقِتَالِ اَللِّطَامُ ». ولو أن رجلا لصق بأهله في شهر رمضان فأدفق كان عليه عتق رقبة.

Hadith.1875 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Does one of you not feel ashamed that they cannot endure (fasting) until the evening? It was said in the past that the beginning of fighting is slapping."

1876 - وَ سَأَلَ رِفَاعَةُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ لاَمَسَ جَارِيَتَهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَأَمْذَى قَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ حَرَاماً فَلْيَسْتَغْفِرِ اَللَّهَ اِسْتِغْفَارَ مَنْ لاَ يَعُودُ أَبَداً وَ يَصُومُ يَوْماً مَكَانَ يَوْمٍ ».

Hadith.1876 - Rifa'ah ibn Musa asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who touched his female servant during the Month of Ramadan and emitted pre-ejaculatory fluid (madhy). Imam (as) said: "If it was unlawful, then he must seek Allah’s (swt) forgiveness with the repentance of one who will never repeat it, and he must fast one day in place of that day."

1877 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَلْصَقُ بِأَهْلِهِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «مَا لَمْ يَخَفْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَلاَ بَأْسَ.

Hadith.1877 - Sama'ah asked Imam (as) about a man who closely interacts with his wife during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "As long as he does not fear for himself, there is no harm."

1878 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفَيْضِ اَلتَّيْمِيُّ عَنِ اِبْنِ رِئَابٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : يَنْهَى عَنِ اَلنَّرْجِسِ لِلصَّائِمِ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ لِمَ قَالَ «لِأَنَّهُ رَيْحَانُ اَلْأَعَاجِمِ».

Hadith.1878 - Muhammad ibn al-Faydh al-Taymi narrated from Ibn Ri'ab, who said: "I heard Abu Abdullah (as) forbidding the use of narcissus (nargis) for the fasting person. I asked: 'May I be your ransom, why?' Imam (as) replied: "Because it is the fragrant herb of the non-Arabs (al-A'jam)."

1879 - وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْمُحْرِمِ يَشَمُّ اَلرَّيْحَانَ قَالَ «لاَ» قِيلَ فَالصَّائِمُ قَالَ «لاَ» قِيلَ يَشَمُّ اَلصَّائِمُ اَلْغَالِيَةَ وَ اَلدُّخْنَةَ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قِيلَ كَيْفَ حَلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَشَمَّ اَلطِّيبَ وَ لاَ يَشَمَّ اَلرَّيْحَانَ قَالَ «لِأَنَّ اَلطِّيبَ سُنَّةٌ وَ اَلرَّيْحَانَ بِدْعَةٌ لِلصَّائِمِ ».

Hadith.1879 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about a person in a state of Ihram smelling basil. Imam (as) said: "No." Imam (as) was asked about a fasting person. Imam (as) said: "No." Imam (as) was asked if a fasting person may smell perfume or incense. Imam (as) said: "Yes." Imam (as) was asked: "How is it permissible for him to smell perfume but not basil?" Imam (as) replied: "Because perfume is a Sunnah, while basil is an innovation for the fasting person."

1880 - : وَ كَانَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِذَا صَامَ لاَ يَشَمُّ اَلرَّيْحَانَ فَسُئِلَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ «أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُخَلِّطَ صَوْمِي بِلَذَّةٍ.

Hadith.1880 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), when fasting, would not smell basil. He was asked about this, and Imam (as) said: "I dislike mixing my fast with pleasure."

1881 - وروي " أن من تطيب بطيب أول النهار وهو صائم لم يكد يفقد عقله ".

Hadith.1881 - It is narrated: "Whoever applies perfume early in the day while fasting is unlikely to lose his sanity."

1882 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَجِدُ اَلْبَرْدَ أَ يَدْخُلُ مَعَ أَهْلِهِ فِي لِحَافٍ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ قَالَ «يَجْعَلُ بَيْنَهُمَا ثَوْباً». وَ قَدْ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «رُخْصَةً لِلشَّيْخِ فِي اَلْمُبَاشَرَةِ.

Hadith.1882 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Ja'far (as) that he was asked about a man who feels cold. Can he share a blanket with his wife while fasting? Imam (as) said: "He should place a cloth between them." It is narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Imam (as): "[There is] a concession for the elderly in physical closeness." - permitting physical closeness for an elderly person.

1883 - وَ سَأَلَ حَنَانُ بْنُ سَدِيرٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلصَّائِمِ يَسْتَنْقِعُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ قَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ يَغْمِسْ وَ اَلْمَرْأَةُ لاَ تَسْتَنْقِعُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ لِأَنَّهَا تَحْمِلُ اَلْمَاءَ بِقُبُلِهَا».

Hadith.1883 - Hanan ibn Sadir asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a fasting person immersing himself in water. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm, but he should not submerge his head. As for a woman, she should not immerse herself in water because it may carry water into her private part."

1884 - رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ أَفْطَرَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُتَعَمِّداً يَوْماً وَاحِداً مِنْ غَيْرِ عُذْرٍ قَالَ «يُعْتِقُ رَقَبَةً أَوْ يَصُومُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ أَوْ يُطْعِمُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ تَصَدَّقَ بِمَا يُطِيقُ ».

Hadith.1884 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who deliberately broke his fast during the Month of Ramadan for one day without any excuse. Imam (as) said: "He must free a slave, or fast for two consecutive months, or feed sixty poor people. If he cannot afford any of these, he should give charity to the extent of his ability."

1885 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ اَلْأَنْصَارِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَتَى اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ هَلَكْتُ وَ أَهْلَكْتُ فَقَالَ «وَ مَا أَهْلَكَكَ » قَالَ أَتَيْتُ اِمْرَأَتِي فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ أَنَا صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً» قَالَ لاَ أَجِدُ قَالَ «فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ» قَالَ لاَ أُطِيقُ قَالَ «تَصَدَّقْ عَلَى سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً» قَالَ لاَ أَجِدُ فَأُتِيَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِعِذْقٍ فِي مِكْتَلٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «خُذْهَا فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهَا» فَقَالَ وَ اَلَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً مَا بَيْنَ لاَبَتَيْهَا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ أَحْوَجَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَّا فَقَالَ «خُذْهُ فَكُلْهُ أَنْتَ وَ أَهْلُكَ فَإِنَّهُ كَفَّارَةٌ لَكَ ».

Hadith.1885 - Abd al-Mu’min ibn al-Qasim al-Ansari narrated from Abu Ja'far (as): "A man came to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and said: 'I have perished, and I have ruined myself.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) asked: 'What has ruined you?' The man replied: 'I had relations with my wife during the day in the Month of Ramadan while I was fasting.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Free a slave.' The man said: 'I cannot afford it.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) then said: 'Fast for two consecutive months.' The man replied: 'I am unable to do that.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Feed sixty poor people.' The man said: 'I cannot afford that either.' Then the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was given a basket containing fifteen sa' (a unit of measure) of dates. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Take this and give it in charity.' The man replied: 'By the One who sent you with the truth as a Prophet, there is no family between these two hills more in need of it than us.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Take it, and eat it with your family, for it will serve as your expiation.'"

1886 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «أَنَّ اَلْمِكْتَلَ اَلَّذِي أُتِيَ بِهِ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَ فِيهِ عِشْرُونَ صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ ».

Hadith.1886 - In the narration of Jamil ibn Darraj from Abu Abdullah (as): "The basket that was brought to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) contained twenty sa' of dates."

1887 - وَ رَوَى إِدْرِيسُ بْنُ هِلاَلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ عِشْرُونَ صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَبِذَلِكَ أَمَرَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلرَّجُلَ اَلَّذِي أَتَاهُ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ.

Hadith.1887 - Idris ibn Hilal narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about a man who had relations with his wife during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "He must provide twenty sa' of dates. This is what the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) instructed the man who came to him and asked about this matter."

1888 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلنُّعْمَانِ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «كَفَّارَتُهُ جَرِيبَانِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ هُوَ عِشْرُونَ صَاعاً ».

Hadith.1888 - Muhammad ibn al-Nu'man narrated from Imam (as) that he was asked about a man who broke his fast for one day in the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "His expiation is two jars (jariban) of food, which is equivalent to twenty sa'."

1889 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ أَتَى اِمْرَأَتَهُ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ وَ هِيَ صَائِمَةٌ فَقَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ اِسْتَكْرَهَهَا فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَتَانِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ طَاوَعَتْهُ فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ وَ عَلَيْهَا كَفَّارَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَكْرَهَهَا فَعَلَيْهِ ضَرْبُ خَمْسِينَ سَوْطاً نِصْفِ اَلْحَدِّ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ طَاوَعَتْهُ ضُرِبَ خَمْسَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَوْطاً وَ ضُرِبَتْ خَمْسَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَوْطاً ».

Hadith.1889 - In the narration of al-Mufaddal ibn Umar from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who had relations with his wife while both were fasting, Imam (as) said: "If he forced her, he must bear two expiations. If she consented, then he must bear one expiation and she must bear one expiation. If he forced her, he is to be lashed fifty times, half the prescribed punishment. If she consented, he is to be lashed twenty-five times, and she is to be lashed twenty-five times as well."

1890 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ اَلْعِجْلِيِّ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ شَهِدَ عَلَيْهِ شُهُودٌ أَنَّهُ أَفْطَرَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ قَالَ «يُسْأَلُ هَلْ عَلَيْكَ فِي إِفْطَارِكَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِثْمٌ فَإِنْ قَالَ لاَ فَإِنَّ عَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ وَ إِنْ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَعَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَنْهَكَهُ ضَرْباً ».

Hadith.1890 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Hisham ibn Salim, from Burayd al-Ijli, who said: Abu Ja'far (as) was asked about a man against whom witnesses testified that he broke his fast for three days during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "He is asked, 'Do you consider your breaking of the fast during Month of Ramadan to be a sin?' If he says, 'No,' then the Imam must execute him. If he says, 'Yes,' then the Imam must punish him with severe lashing."

1891 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ سَمَاعَةٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أُخِذَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ قَدْ أَفْطَرَ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ قَدْ رُفِعَ إِلَى اَلْإِمَامِ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالَ «فَيُقْتَلُ فِي اَلثَّالِثَةِ ».

Hadith.1891 - In the narration of Sama'ah from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "I asked him about a man who was caught breaking his fast during the Month of Ramadan three times and was presented to the Imam three times. Imam (as) said: 'He is executed on the third occasion.'"

1892 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ خَرَجَ رُوحُ اَلْإِيمَانِ مِنْهُ وَ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُتَعَمِّداً فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ قَضَاءُ يَوْمٍ مَكَانَهُ وَ أَنَّى لَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ. وأما الخبر الذي روي فيمن أفطر يوما من شهر رمضان متعمدا أن عليه ثلاث كفارات فإني أفتي به فيمن أفطر بجماع محرم عليه أو بطعام محرم عليه لوجود ذلك في روايات أبي الحسين الأسدي - رضي الله عنه - فيما ورد عليه من الشيخ أبي جعفر محمد بن عثمان العمري - قدس الله روحه -.

Hadith.1892 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever breaks a fast during the Month of Ramadan, the spirit of faith departs from him. Whoever intentionally breaks a fast in the month of Ramadan must offer one expiation and make up a day in its place. But how can he ever truly replace it?"

1893 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَسِيَ فَأَكَلَ وَ شَرِبَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قَالَ «لاَ يُفْطِرُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ شَيْءٌ رَزَقَهُ اَللَّهُ فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ».

Hadith.1893 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about a man who forgot and ate or drank, then remembered. Imam (as) said: "His fast is not broken; it is something that Allah (swt) has provided for him. Let him complete his fast."

1894 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَمَّارُ بْنُ مُوسَى : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَنْسَى وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ فَجَامَعَ أَهْلَهُ قَالَ «يَغْتَسِلُ وَ لاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ. قال مصنف هذا الكتاب - رحمه الله -: وذلك في شهر رمضان وغيره ولا يجب فيه القضاء هكذا روي عن الأئمة عليهم السلام.

Hadith.1894 - Ammar ibn Musa asked Imam (as) about a man who forgets while fasting and has relations with his wife. Imam (as) said: "He should perform ghusl (ritual bathing), and there is no penalty upon him."

1895 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ رِئَابٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُجْنِبُ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ يَنْسَى أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ لِذَلِكَ جُمْعَةٌ أَوْ يَخْرُجَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءُ اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ اَلصَّوْمِ ».

Hadith.1895 - Ali ibn Ri'ab narrated from Ibrahim ibn Maymun, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who becomes junub (in a state of ritual impurity) at night during the Month of Ramadan, then forgets to perform ghusl (ritual bathing) until a week passes or the Month of Ramadan ends. Imam (as) said: 'He must make up the missed prayers and the fasts.'"

1896 - وَ رُوِيَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ: «أَنَّ مَنْ جَامَعَ فِي أَوَّلِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ نَسِيَ اَلْغُسْلَ حَتَّى خَرَجَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ وَ يَقْضِيَ صَلاَتَهُ وَ صَوْمَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدِ اِغْتَسَلَ لِلْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنَّهُ يَقْضِي صَلاَتَهُ وَ صِيَامَهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ وَ لاَ يَقْضِي مَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ».

Hadith.1896 - It is narrated in another report: "If someone has intercourse at the beginning of the Month of Ramadan and then forgets to perform ghusl (ritual bathing) until the Month of Ramadan ends, he must perform ghusl and make up his prayers and fasts. However, if he performed ghusl for Jumu'ah (Friday prayer), then he only needs to make up his prayers and fasts up to that day and does not need to make up what comes after it."

1897 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اِبْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ اَلْقَمَّاطِ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَمَّنْ أَجْنَبَ فِي أَوَّلِ اَللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَنَامَ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ قَالَ «لاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ جَنَابَتَهُ كَانَتْ فِي وَقْتٍ حَلاَلٍ.

Hadith.1897 - In the narration of Ibn Abi Nasr from Abu Sa'id al-Qammat: Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about someone who became junub (in a state of ritual impurity) at the beginning of the night in the Month of Ramadan and then slept until morning. Imam (as) said: "There is no penalty upon him, as his state of janabah occurred during a permissible time."

1898 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ يُجْنِبُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ يَسْتَيْقِظُ ثُمَّ يَنَامُ ثُمَّ يَسْتَيْقِظُ ثُمَّ يَنَامُ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ قَالَ «يُتِمُّ صَوْمَهُ وَ يَقْضِي يَوْماً آخَرَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَيْقِظْ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ أَتَمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَ جَازَ لَهُ ».

Hadith.1898 - Ibn Abi Ya'fur narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "I asked him about a man who becomes junub (in a state of ritual impurity) during the Month of Ramadan, wakes up, then sleeps again, wakes up, and then sleeps again until morning. Imam (as) said: 'He should complete his fast but must make up another day. However, if he does not wake up until morning, he may complete his fast, and it is valid for him.'"

1899 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَقْضِي شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فَيُجْنِبُ مِنْ أَوَّلِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ لاَ يَغْتَسِلُ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ آخِرُ اَللَّيْلِ وَ هُوَ يَرَى أَنَّ اَلْفَجْرَ قَدْ طَلَعَ قَالَ «لاَ يَصُومُ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ وَ يَصُومُ غَيْرَهُ ».

Hadith.1899 - Abdullah ibn Sinan asked Imam (as) about a man who is making up a fast for the Month of Ramadan. He becomes junub (in a state of ritual impurity) at the beginning of the night but does not perform ghusl until the end of the night, thinking that dawn has already broken. Imam (as) said: "He should not fast that day but should fast on another day."

1900 - وَ سَأَلَهُ اَلْعِيصُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَنَامُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَيَحْتَلِمُ ثُمَّ يَسْتَيْقِظُ ثُمَّ يَنَامُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ قَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ ».

Hadith.1900 - Al-'Is ibn al-Qasim asked Imam (as) about a man who sleeps during the Month of Ramadan, has a wet dream, wakes up, and then sleeps again before performing ghusl. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm."

1901 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَامَ ثُمَّ ظَنَّ أَنَّ اَلشَّمْسَ قَدْ غَابَتْ وَ فِي اَلسَّمَاءِ غَيْمٌ فَأَفْطَرَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اَلسَّحَابَ اِنْجَلَى فَإِذَا اَلشَّمْسُ لَمْ تَغِبْ قَالَ «قَدْ تَمَّ صَوْمُهُ وَ لاَ يَقْضِيهِ.

Hadith.1901 - Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl narrated from Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who was fasting and thought the sun had set because the sky was cloudy, so he broke his fast. Then the clouds cleared, and it became evident that the sun had not yet set. Imam (as) said: 'His fast is complete, and he does not need to make it up.'"

1902 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «وَقْتُ اَلْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا غَابَ اَلْقُرْصُ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ أَعَدْتَ اَلصَّلاَةَ وَ مَضَى صَوْمُكَ وَ تَكُفُّ عَنِ اَلطَّعَامِ إِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ أَصَبْتَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً».

Hadith.1902 - Hammad narrated from Hariz, from Zurara, who said that Abu Ja'far (as) said: "The time for Maghrib is when the disk of the sun disappears. If you see it again after that and you have already prayed, you must repeat the prayer, but your fast remains valid. Refrain from eating if you have consumed anything."

1903 - قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «اَلصَّبِيُّ يُؤْخَذُ بِالصِّيَامِ إِذَا بَلَغَ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يُطِيقُهُ فَإِنْ أَطَاقَ إِلَى اَلظُّهْرِ أَوْ بَعْدَهُ صَامَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ اَلْوَقْتِ فَإِذَا غَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلْجُوعُ أَوِ اَلْعَطَشُ أَفْطَرَ ».

Hadith.1903 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "A child is to be encouraged to fast when they reach nine years of age, according to their capacity. If they can fast until noon or a little beyond, they should do so. However, if hunger or thirst overwhelms them, they may break their fast."

1904 - وَ رَوَى عَنْهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِذَا أَطَاقَ اَلْغُلاَمُ صَوْمَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مُتَتَابِعَةٍ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ صِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ».

Hadith.1904 - It is narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) through Isma'il ibn Muslim that He said: "If a boy is able to fast for three consecutive days, fasting the Month of Ramadan becomes obligatory upon him."

1905 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنِ اَلصَّبِيِّ مَتَى يَصُومُ قَالَ «إِذَا قَوِيَ عَلَى اَلصِّيَامِ.

Hadith.1905 - Sama'ah asked Imam (as) about when a child should begin fasting. Imam (as) said: "When he is strong enough to fast."

1906 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي كَمْ يُؤْخَذُ اَلصَّبِيُّ بِالصِّيَامِ قَالَ «مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً أَوْ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً فَإِنْ هُوَ صَامَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَدَعْهُ وَ لَقَدْ صَامَ اِبْنِي فُلاَنٌ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَتَرَكْتُهُ».

Hadith.1906 - In the narration of Mu'awiyah ibn Wahb, he said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) at what age a child should be required to fast. Imam (as) said: 'Between fourteen and fifteen years of age. If he fasts before that, let him be. My son so-and-so fasted before that age, and I left him to it.'"

1907 - وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ: «عَلَى اَلصَّبِيِّ إِذَا اِحْتَلَمَ اَلصِّيَامُ وَ عَلَى اَلْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا حَاضَتِ اَلصِّيَامُ ».

Hadith.1907 - In another report: "A boy is required to fast when he reaches puberty, and a woman is required to fast when she menstruates."

1908 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُ اَلْهِلاَلَ فَصُومُوا وَ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَأَفْطِرُوا وَ لَيْسَ بِالرَّأْيِ وَ اَلتَّظَنِّي وَ لَيْسَ اَلرُّؤْيَةُ أَنْ يَقُومَ عَشَرَةُ نَفَرٍ يَنْظُرُونَ فَيَقُولَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ هُوَ ذَا هُوَ ذَا وَ يَنْظُرَ تِسْعَةٌ فَلاَ يَرَوْنَهُ وَ لَكِنْ إِذَا رَآهُ وَاحِدٌ رَآهُ أَلْفٌ».

Hadith.1908 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Ja'far (as), who said: "When you see the crescent, fast, and when you see it again, break your fast. This is not based on conjecture or speculation. Seeing the crescent does not mean that ten people look for it, and one of them says, 'There it is, there it is,' while the other nine do not see it. Rather, when one person sees it, it is as though a thousand have seen it."

1909 - وَ رَوَى اَلْفَضْلُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ: «لَيْسَ عَلَى أَهْلِ اَلْقِبْلَةِ إِلاَّ اَلرُّؤْيَةُ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلاَّ اَلرُّؤْيَةُ.

Hadith.1909 - Al-Fadl ibn Uthman narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "There is no obligation upon the people of the Qiblah except seeing [the crescent], and there is no obligation upon the Muslims except seeing [the crescent]."

1910 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْعَبَّاسِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اَلصَّوْمُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَ اَلْفِطْرُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَ لَيْسَ اَلرُّؤْيَةُ أَنْ يَرَاهُ وَاحِدٌ وَ لاَ اِثْنَانِ وَ لاَ خَمْسُونَ ».

Hadith.1910 - In the narration of al-Qasim ibn Uruwah from Abu al-Abbas al-Fadl ibn Abd al-Malik, from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "Fasting is based on sighting [the crescent], and breaking the fast is based on sighting [the crescent]. Sighting is not determined by one person, nor two, nor fifty."

1911 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُ اَلْهِلاَلَ فَأَفْطِرُوا أَوْ شَهِدَ عَلَيْهِ عَدْلٌ مِنَ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَرَوُا اَلْهِلاَلَ إِلاَّ مِنْ وَسَطِ اَلنَّهَارِ أَوْ آخِرِهِ فَ‍ «أَتِمُّوا اَلصِّيٰامَ إِلَى اَللَّيْلِ» فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَعُدُّوا ثَلاَثِينَ لَيْلَةً ثُمَّ أَفْطِرُوا».

Hadith.1911 - In the narration of Muhammad ibn Qays from Abu Ja'far (as), who said that Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), said: "When you see the crescent, break your fast, or if a trustworthy Muslim testifies to seeing it, then break your fast. If you do not see the crescent except in the middle or the end of the day, then 'complete your fast until night.' If the crescent is obscured from you, count thirty nights and then break your fast."

1912 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: «لاَ أُجِيزُ فِي رُؤْيَةِ اَلْهِلاَلِ إِلاَّ شَهَادَةَ رَجُلَيْنِ عَدْلَيْنِ.

Hadith.1912 - In the narration of al-Halabi from Abu Abdullah (as), it is reported that Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), used to say: "I do not accept the sighting of the crescent except with the testimony of two just men."

1913 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنِ اَلْيَوْمِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ يُخْتَلَفُ فِيهِ قَالَ «إِذَا اِجْتَمَعَ أَهْلُ اَلْمِصْرِ عَلَى صِيَامِهِ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ فَاقْضِهِ إِذَا كَانَ أَهْلُ اَلْمِصْرِ خَمْسَمِائَةِ إِنْسَانٍ.

Hadith.1913 - Sama'ah asked Imam (as) about a day in the Month of Ramadan over which there is a dispute. Imam (as) said: "If the people of the city agree to fast based on sighting [the crescent], then observe it. This applies if the population of the city is five hundred people."

1914 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «لاَ تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَةُ اَلنِّسَاءِ فِي رُؤْيَةِ اَلْهِلاَلِ إِلاَّ شَهَادَةُ رَجُلَيْنِ عَدْلَيْنِ.

Hadith.1914 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), said: "The testimony of women is not accepted for the sighting of the crescent; only the testimony of two just men is accepted."

1915 - وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ أَخَاهُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَرَى اَلْهِلاَلَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَحْدَهُ لاَ يُبْصِرُهُ غَيْرُهُ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَصُومَ قَالَ «إِذَا لَمْ يَشُكَّ فَلْيُفْطِرْ وَ إِلاَّ فَلْيَصُمْهُ مَعَ اَلنَّاسِ.

Hadith.1915 - Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a man who sees the crescent for the Month of Ramadan alone, and no one else sees it. Should he fast? Imam (as) said: "If he has no doubt, let him break his fast. Otherwise, let him fast with the people."

1916 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُرَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا تَطَوَّقَ اَلْهِلاَلُ فَهُوَ لِلَيْلَتَيْنِ وَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ ظِلَّ رَأْسِكَ فِيهِ فَهُوَ لِثَلاَثِ لَيَالٍ»

Hadith.1916 - Muhammad ibn Murazim narrated from his father, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "If the crescent appears surrounded by a halo, it is for two nights. If you can see the shadow of your head in it, it is for three nights."

1917 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ اَلْحُرِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا غَابَ اَلْهِلاَلُ قَبْلَ اَلشَّفَقِ فَهُوَ لِلَيْلَةٍ وَ إِذَا غَابَ بَعْدَ اَلشَّفَقِ فَهُوَ لِلَيْلَتَيْنِ.

Hadith.1917 - Hammad ibn Isa narrated from Isma'il ibn al-Hurr, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "If the crescent sets before twilight, it is for one night. If it sets after twilight, it is for two nights."

1918 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «إِذَا صَحَّ هِلاَلُ رَجَبٍ فَعُدَّ تِسْعَةً وَ خَمْسِينَ يَوْماً وَ صُمْ يَوْمَ اَلسِّتِّينَ.

Hadith.1918 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "If the crescent of Rajab is confirmed, count fifty-nine days and fast on the sixtieth day."

1919 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِذَا صُمْتَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فِي اَلْعَامِ اَلْمَاضِي فِي يَوْمٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَعُدَّ فِي اَلْعَامِ اَلْمُسْتَقْبَلِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ خَمْسَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ صُمْ يَوْمَ اَلْخَامِسِ ».

Hadith.1919 - Imam (as) said: "If you fasted the Month of Ramadan on a specific day in the previous year, then in the following year count five days from that day and fast on the fifth day."

1920 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَسَرَتْهُ اَلرُّومُ وَ لَمْ يَصْحُ لَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ لَمْ يَدْرِ أَيُّ شَهْرٍ هُوَ قَالَ «يَصُومُ شَهْراً يَتَوَخَّى وَ يَحْسُبُ فَإِنْ كَانَ اَلشَّهْرُ اَلَّذِي صَامَهُ قَبْلَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَمْ يُجْزِئْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ بَعْدَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَجْزَأَهُ ».

Hadith.1920 - Aban ibn Uthman narrated from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah, from Abu Abdullah (as): I asked him about a man who was captured by the Romans and did not know when the Month of Ramadan occurred. Imam (as) said: "He should fast for a month, making an effort to estimate and calculate. If the month he fasted was before the Month of Ramadan, it does not suffice. However, if it was after the Month of Ramadan, it suffices."

1921 - وَ سَأَلَهُ اَلْعِيصُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ : عَنِ اَلْهِلاَلِ إِذَا رَآهُ اَلْقَوْمُ جَمِيعاً فَاتَّفَقُوا عَلَى أَنَّهُ لِلَيْلَتَيْنِ أَ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ «نَعَمْ».

Hadith.1921 - Al-'Is ibn al-Qasim asked Imam (as) about a situation where a group of people all see the crescent and agree that it is for two nights. Imam (as) said: "Yes, it is permissible."

1922 - سُئِلَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْيَوْمِ اَلْمَشْكُوكِ فِيهِ فَقَالَ «لَأَنْ أَصُومَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ».

Hadith.1922 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) was asked about the day of doubt (the day when it is uncertain whether it is the last day of Sha'ban or the first day of Month of Ramadan). Imam (as) said: "Fasting one day from Sha'ban is more beloved to me than breaking my fast for one day in the Month of Ramadan."

1930 - سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْلَمَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ صِيَامِهِ فَقَالَ «لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَصُومَ إِلاَّ مَا أَسْلَمَ فِيهِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ مَا قَدْ مَضَى مِنْهُ ».

Hadith.1930 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about a man who converted to Islam in the middle of the Month of Ramadan: What is required of him in terms of fasting? Imam (as) said: "He is only required to fast the days remaining from when he became Muslim, and he is not obligated to make up the days that have already passed."

1923 - لِأَنَّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لَأَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَصُومَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَزِيدُهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ».

Hadith.1923 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), said: "Breaking my fast on one day in the Month of Ramadan is more beloved to me than fasting one day from Sha'ban and adding it to the Month of Ramadan."

1931 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ اَلْعِيصِ بْنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ أَسْلَمُوا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ قَدْ مَضَى مِنْهُ أَيَّامٌ هَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَصُومُوا مَا مَضَى مِنْهُ أَوْ يَوْمَهُمُ اَلَّذِي أَسْلَمُوا فِيهِ فَقَالَ «لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَضَاءٌ وَ لاَ يَوْمُهُمُ اَلَّذِي أَسْلَمُوا فِيهِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونُوا أَسْلَمُوا فِيهِ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ اَلْفَجْرِ ».

Hadith.1931 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Al-'Is ibn al-Qasim, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who converted to Islam during the Month of Ramadan after some days had passed. Are they required to fast the days that have passed, or the day they embraced Islam? Imam (as) said: 'They are not required to make up the missed days or to fast on the day they embraced Islam, unless they embraced Islam before the break of dawn on that day.'"

1924 - وَ سَأَلَ بَشِيرٌ اَلنَّبَّالُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ اَلشَّكِّ فَقَالَ «صُمْهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ كَانَ تَطَوُّعاً وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَيَوْمٌ وُفِّقْتَ لَهُ».

Hadith.1924 - Bashir al-Nabbal asked Abu Abdullah (as) about fasting on the day of doubt. Imam (as) said: "Fast it. If it turns out to be from Sha'ban, it is a voluntary fast, and if it turns out to be from Month of Ramadan, then it is a day you were fortunate to have fasted."

1925 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَلْكَرِيمِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فَقَالَ: إِنِّي جَعَلْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَنْ أَصُومَ حَتَّى يَقُومَ اَلْقَائِمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ «لاَ تَصُمْ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ وَ لاَ فِي اَلْعِيدَيْنِ وَ لاَ فِي أَيَّامِ اَلتَّشْرِيقِ وَ لاَ اَلْيَوْمِ اَلَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ ».

Hadith.1925 - Abd al-Karim ibn Amr asked Imam (as): "I have made a vow upon myself to fast until the Qa'im (as) rises." Imam (as) said: "Do not fast during travel, on the two Eids, on the days of Tashriq, or on the day of doubt."

1926 - وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ أَبِي مَنْصُورٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي اَلْيَوْمِ اَلَّذِي يَشُكُّ فِيهِ اَلنَّاسُ فَقَالَ «يَا غُلاَمُ اِذْهَبْ فَانْظُرْ أَ صَامَ اَلْأَمِيرُ أَمْ لاَ» فَذَهَبَ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَالَ لاَ فَدَعَا بِالْغَدَاءِ فَتَغَدَّيْنَا مَعَهُ.

Hadith.1926 - It is narrated from Isa ibn Abi Mansur, who said: "I was with Abu Abdullah (as) on the day when people were uncertain (whether it was the first of Month of Ramadan or not). Imam (as) said: 'O boy, go and see whether the Amir (ruler) has fasted or not.' The boy went and returned, saying: ''No, he has not fasted.' Then Imam (as) called for lunch, and we ate with him."

1927 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «لَوْ قُلْتُ إِنَّ تَارِكَ اَلتَّقِيَّةِ كَتَارِكِ اَلصَّلاَةِ لَكُنْتُ صَادِقاً».

Hadith.1927 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "If I were to say that abandoning taqiyyah (dissimulation) is like abandoning prayer, I would be truthful."

1928 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «لاَ دِينَ لِمَنْ لاَ تَقِيَّةَ لَهُ ».

Hadith.1928 - Imam (as) said: "There is no religion for the one who has no taqiyyah (dissimulation)."

1929 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلْعَظِيمِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْحَسَنِيُّ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «اَلصَّوْمُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَ اَلْفِطْرُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَ لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ صَامَ قَبْلَ اَلرُّؤْيَةِ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَ أَفْطَرَ قَبْلَ اَلرُّؤْيَةِ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ» قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ يَا اِبْنَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ فَمَا تَرَى فِي صَوْمِ يَوْمِ اَلشَّكِّ فَقَالَ «حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «لَأَنْ أَصُومَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ».

Hadith.1929 - Abd al-Azim ibn Abdullah al-Hasani narrated from Sahl ibn Sa'd, who said: "I heard al-Ridha (as) say: 'Fasting is based on the sighting [of the crescent], and breaking the fast is based on the sighting [of the crescent]. Whoever fasts before sighting the crescent for the sake of sighting, or breaks the fast before sighting the crescent for the sake of sighting, is not one of us.'" I said to him: "O son of the Messenger of Allah (swt), what is your view on fasting the day of doubt?" Imam (as) said: "My father narrated to me from my grandfather, from his forefathers (as), who said that Amir al-Mu'minin (as) said: 'Fasting one day of Sha'ban is more beloved to me than breaking my fast for one day in Month of Ramadan.'"

1932 - رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «إِذَا غَابَ اَلْقُرْصُ أَفْطَرَ اَلصَّائِمُ وَ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ اَلصَّلاَةِ.

Hadith.1932 - Amru ibn Shimr narrated from Jabir, from Abu Ja'far (as), who said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "When the disk of the sun disappears, the fasting person may break their fast, and the time for prayer begins."

1933 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْإِفْطَارِ قَبْلَ اَلصَّلاَةِ أَوْ بَعْدَهَا قَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ قَوْمٌ يَخْشَى أَنْ يَحْبِسَهُمْ عَنْ عَشَائِهِمْ فَلْيُفْطِرْ مَعَهُمْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ فَلْيُصَلِّ ثُمَّ لْيُفْطِرْ.

Hadith.1933 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about breaking the fast before or after prayer. Imam (as) said: "If he is with a group and fears delaying their dinner, let him break his fast with them. Otherwise, let him pray first, then break his fast."

1934 - رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ لَيْثٍ اَلْمُرَادِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقُلْتُ مَتَى يَحْرُمُ اَلطَّعَامُ عَلَى اَلصَّائِمِ وَ تَحِلُّ اَلصَّلاَةُ صَلاَةُ اَلْفَجْرِ فَقَالَ لِي «إِذَا اِعْتَرَضَ اَلْفَجْرُ فَكَانَ كَالْقُبْطِيَّةِ اَلْبَيْضَاءِ فَثَمَّ يَحْرُمُ اَلطَّعَامُ عَلَى اَلصَّائِمِ وَ تَحِلُّ اَلصَّلاَةُ صَلاَةُ اَلْفَجْرِ» قُلْتُ أَ فَلَسْنَا فِي وَقْتٍ إِلَى أَنْ يَطْلُعَ شُعَاعُ اَلشَّمْسِ قَالَ «هَيْهَاتَ أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ بِكَ تِلْكَ صَلاَةُ اَلصِّبْيَانِ.

Hadith.1934 - Asim ibn Humayd narrated from Abu Basir Layth al-Muradi, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as), 'When does food become forbidden for the fasting person, and when does the time for the Fajr prayer begin?' Imam (as) said to me: 'When the dawn spreads and appears like a white cloth, at that point food becomes forbidden for the fasting person, and the time for the Fajr prayer begins.' I said: 'Aren't we still within the time until the sun's rays appear?' Imam (as) said: 'Far from it! Where are you going with this? That is the prayer of children!'"

1935 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «۝ وَ كُلُوا وَ اِشْرَبُوا حَتّٰى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ اَلْخَيْطُ اَلْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ اَلْخَيْطِ اَلْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ اَلْفَجْرِ ۝» فَقَالَ «نَزَلَتْ فِي خَوَّاتِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ اَلْأَنْصَارِيِّ وَ كَانَ مَعَ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي اَلْخَنْدَقِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ وَ أَمْسَى عَلَى تِلْكَ اَلْحَالِ وَ كَانُوا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ هَذِهِ اَلْآيَةُ إِذَا نَامَ أَحَدُهُمْ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلطَّعَامُ فَجَاءَ خَوَّاتٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ حِينَ أَمْسَى فَقَالَ عِنْدَكُمْ طَعَامٌ فَقَالُوا لاَ تَنَمْ حَتَّى نَصْنَعَ لَكَ طَعَاماً فَاتَّكَى فَنَامَ قَالُوا قَدْ فَعَلْتَ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَبَاتَ عَلَى تِلْكَ اَلْحَالِ وَ أَصْبَحَ ثُمَّ غَدَا إِلَى اَلْخَنْدَقِ فَجَعَلَ يُغْشَى عَلَيْهِ فَمَرَّ بِهِ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى اَلَّذِي بِهِ أَخْبَرَهُ كَيْفَ كَانَ أَمْرُهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: «وَ كُلُوا وَ اِشْرَبُوا حَتّٰى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ اَلْخَيْطُ اَلْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ اَلْخَيْطِ اَلْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ اَلْفَجْرِ» ».

Hadith.1935 - Abu Basir narrated from one of the Imams (as) regarding the verse of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "And eat and drink until the white thread becomes distinct to you from the black thread of dawn" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187). Imam (as) said: "This verse was revealed about Khawwat ibn Jubayr al-Ansari. He was with the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) during the Battle of the Trench while fasting. Before this verse was revealed, if anyone slept at night, food became forbidden for them. Khawwat came to his family at night and asked: 'Do you have any food?' They said: 'Do not sleep until we prepare food for you.' He reclined and fell asleep. When they told him: 'You have already slept,' he replied, 'Yes, I did.' He remained in that state, fasting until the next day, and went to the trench, where he started to faint. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) passed by him, and when he saw his condition, he asked about his situation. Khawwat then explained what had happened. Then Allah (swt), the Exalted, revealed: 'And eat and drink until the white thread becomes distinct to you from the black thread of dawn.'" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187).

1936 - وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ «۝ اَلْخَيْطُ اَلْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ اَلْخَيْطِ اَلْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ اَلْفَجْرِ ۝» فَقَالَ «بَيَاضُ اَلنَّهَارِ مِنْ سَوَادِ اَللَّيْلِ ».

Hadith.1936 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the verse: "The white thread becomes distinct from the black thread of dawn" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187). Imam (as) said: "It is the whiteness of the day separating from the darkness of the night."

1937 - وَ قَالَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ: «وَ هُوَ اَلْفَجْرُ اَلَّذِي لاَ شَكَّ فِيهِ.

Hadith.1937 - In another narration, Imam (as) said: "It is the dawn about which there is no doubt."

1938 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ : عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ قَامَا فَنَظَرَا إِلَى اَلْفَجْرِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا هُوَ ذَا وَ قَالَ اَلْآخَرُ مَا أَرَى شَيْئاً قَالَ «فَلْيَأْكُلِ اَلَّذِي لَمْ يَتَبَيَّنْ لَهُ اَلْفَجْرُ وَ لْيَشْرَبْ لِأَنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: «۝ وَ كُلُوا وَ اِشْرَبُوا حَتّٰى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ اَلْخَيْطُ اَلْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ اَلْخَيْطِ اَلْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ اَلْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّوا اَلصِّيٰامَ إِلَى اَللَّيْلِ ۝» قَالَ سَمَاعَةُ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَكَلَ وَ شَرِبَ بَعْدَ مَا طَلَعَ اَلْفَجْرُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ قَامَ فَنَظَرَ فَلَمْ يَرَ اَلْفَجْرَ فَأَكَلَ ثُمَّ أَعَادَ اَلنَّظَرَ فَرَأَى اَلْفَجْرَ فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَ لاَ إِعَادَةَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَامَ فَأَكَلَ وَ شَرِبَ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى اَلْفَجْرِ فَرَآهُ قَدْ طَلَعَ فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ يَقْضِي يَوْماً آخَرَ لِأَنَّهُ بَدَأَ بِالْأَكْلِ قَبْلَ اَلنَّظَرِ فَعَلَيْهِ اَلْإِعَادَةُ».

Hadith.1938 - Sama'ah ibn Mihran asked Imam (as) about two men who rose to check for dawn. One of them said, "There it is," while the other said, "I do not see anything." Imam (as) said: "The one who does not see the dawn clearly may eat and drink because Allah (swt), the Exalted, says: 'And eat and drink until the white thread becomes distinct to you from the black thread of dawn; then complete the fast until the night' (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187)." Sama'ah also asked him about a man who ate and drank after dawn had risen in the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "If he rose, looked, and did not see the dawn, then ate, and afterward checked again and saw the dawn, he should complete his fast, and there is no need for him to make it up. But if he rose, ate and drank without looking, and then saw that the dawn had already risen, he must complete his fast for that day and also make up another day, because he began eating without checking first, so making up the fast is obligatory upon him."

1939 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ اَلْعِيصِ بْنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ خَرَجَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ يَتَسَحَّرُونَ فِي بَيْتٍ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى اَلْفَجْرِ فَنَادَاهُمْ أَنَّهُ قَدْ طَلَعَ اَلْفَجْرُ فَكَفَّ بَعْضٌ وَ ظَنَّ بَعْضٌ أَنَّهُ يَسْخَرُ فَأَكَلَ فَقَالَ «يُتِمُّ وَ يَقْضِي ».

Hadith.1939 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Al-'Is ibn al-Qasim, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who, during the Month of Ramadan, went out while his companions were taking suhoor (pre-dawn meal) in a house. He saw the dawn and called out to them, saying that the dawn had risen. Some of them stopped eating, while others thought he was joking and continued to eat. Imam (as) said: 'They must complete their fast and make up another day.'"

1940 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ آمُرُ اَلْجَارِيَةَ لِتَنْظُرَ إِلَى اَلْفَجْرِ فَتَقُولُ لَمْ يَطْلُعْ بَعْدُ فَآكُلُ ثُمَّ أَنْظُرُ فَأَجِدُهُ قَدْ كَانَ طَلَعَ حِينَ نَظَرَتْ قَالَ «اِقْضِهِ أَمَا إِنَّكَ لَوْ كُنْتَ أَنْتَ اَلَّذِي نَظَرْتَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ.

Hadith.1940 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as): 'I instruct a servant girl to check for the dawn, and she tells me that it has not risen yet, so I eat. Then I check and find that it had actually risen when she looked.' Imam (as) said: 'Make up that day. However, if you had been the one to check and it happened, there would be nothing upon you.'"

1941 - رَوَى اِبْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا حَدُّ اَلْمَرَضِ اَلَّذِي يُفْطِرُ فِيهِ اَلصَّائِمُ وَ يَدَعُ اَلصَّلاَةَ مِنْ قِيَامٍ فَقَالَ « «۝ بَلِ اَلْإِنْسٰانُ عَلىٰ نَفْسِهِ بَصِيرَةٌ ۝» وَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يُطِيقُهُ.

Hadith.1941 - Ibn Bukayr narrated from Zurara, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the extent of illness that permits a fasting person to break their fast and to pray sitting instead of standing. Imam (as) said: 'Indeed, man is a witness over himself' (Surah Al-Qiyamah 75:14), and he knows best what he can bear."

1942 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَنِ اَلْوَلِيدِ بْنِ صَبِيحٍ قَالَ: حُمِمْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ يَوْماً فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِقَصْعَةٍ فِيهَا خَلٌّ وَ زَيْتٌ وَ قَالَ لِي «أَفْطِرْ وَ صَلِّ وَ أَنْتَ قَاعِدٌ».

Hadith.1942 - Jamil ibn Darraj narrated from Al-Walid ibn Sabih, who said: "I became feverish one day in Medina during the Month of Ramadan. Abu Abdullah (as) sent me a dish containing vinegar and oil and said to me: 'Break your fast and pray while sitting.'"

1943 - وَ رَوَى بَكْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْأَزْدِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلَهُ أَبِي وَ أَنَا أَسْمَعُ عَنْ حَدِّ اَلْمَرَضِ اَلَّذِي يَتْرُكُ اَلْإِنْسَانُ فِيهِ اَلصَّوْمَ قَالَ «إِذَا لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يَتَسَحَّرَ ».

Hadith.1943 - Bakr ibn Muhammad al-Azdi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "My father asked him while I was listening about the extent of illness that permits a person to leave fasting. Imam (as) said: 'When they are unable to take suhoor (the pre-dawn meal).'"

1944 - وَ رَوَى سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اِشْتَكَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا عَيْنَهَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَأَمَرَهَا رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ تُفْطِرَ وَ قَالَ «عَشَاءُ اَللَّيْلِ لِعَيْنَيْكِ رَدِيٌّ».

Hadith.1944 - Sulayman ibn Amr narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Umm Salama (may Allah (swt) be pleased with her) complained of an issue with her eye during the Month of Ramadan. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) instructed her to break her fast and said: 'The nourishment of the night is restorative for your eyes.'"

1945 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اَلصَّائِمُ إِذَا خَافَ عَلَى عَيْنَيْهِ مِنَ اَلرَّمَدِ أَفْطَرَ.

Hadith.1945 - In the narration of Hariz from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "A fasting person, if they fear harm to their eyes due to an eye infection, may break their fast."

1946 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «كُلُّ مَا أَضَرَّ بِهِ اَلصَّوْمُ فَالْإِفْطَارُ لَهُ وَاجِبٌ».

Hadith.1946 - Imam (as) said: "Anything that harms a person due to fasting makes breaking the fast obligatory for them."

1947 - رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «اَلشَّيْخُ اَلْكَبِيرُ وَ اَلَّذِي بِهِ اَلْعُطَاشُ لاَ حَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ يُفْطِرَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ يَتَصَدَّقَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ لاَ قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِمَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرَا فَلاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِمَا ».

Hadith.1947 - Al-'Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: "I heard Abu Ja'far (as) say: 'An elderly person and one suffering from chronic thirst are not at fault if they break their fast during the Month of Ramadan. Each of them should give a mudd (a specific measure) of food as charity for each day, and there is no obligation to make up the fast. If they cannot afford this, then there is nothing upon them.'"

1948 - وَ رَوَى عَمَّارُ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُهُ اَلْعَطَشُ حَتَّى يَخَافَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ قَالَ «يَشْرَبُ بِقَدْرِ مَا يُمْسِكُ رَمَقَهُ وَ لاَ يَشْرَبُ حَتَّى يَرْوَى.

Hadith.1948 - Ammar ibn Musa narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who becomes so thirsty that he fears for his life. Imam (as) said: "He may drink just enough to sustain himself and prevent collapse, but he should not drink until he is fully satisfied."

1949 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اِبْنِ بُكَيْرٍ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «۝ وَ عَلَى اَلَّذِينَ يُطِيقُونَهُ فِدْيَةٌ طَعٰامُ مِسْكِينٍ ۝» قَالَ «عَلَى اَلَّذِينَ كَانُوا يُطِيقُونَ اَلصَّوْمَ ثُمَّ أَصَابَهُمْ كِبَرٌ أَوْ عُطَاشٌ أَوْ شِبْهُ ذَلِكَ فَعَلَيْهِمْ لِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ مُدٌّ».

Hadith.1949 - In the narration of Ibn Bukayr, it is reported that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the verse of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "And upon those who can fast with difficulty, there is a ransom: the feeding of a poor person" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:184). Imam (as) said: "[This applies] to those who were able to fast but then became elderly, suffered from chronic thirst, or similar conditions. They must give a mudd (a specific measure) of food for each day."

1950 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «اَلْحَامِلُ اَلْمُقْرِبُ وَ اَلْمُرْضِعُ اَلْقَلِيلَةُ اَللَّبَنِ لاَ حَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ تُفْطِرَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِأَنَّهُمَا لاَ تُطِيقَانِ اَلصَّوْمَ وَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ تَتَصَدَّقَ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ تُفْطِرُ فِيهِ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ عَلَيْهِمَا قَضَاءُ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ أَفْطَرَا فِيهِ ثُمَّ تَقْضِيَانِهِ بَعْدُ.

Hadith.1950 - Al-'Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far (as), who said: "I heard him say: 'A pregnant woman in her late term and a nursing woman with little milk are not at fault if they break their fast during the Month of Ramadan because they are unable to fast. They must each give a mudd (a specific measure) of food as charity for every day they break their fast, and they must make up each day they missed after Month of Ramadan.'"

1951 - وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَلْمَلِكِ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ اَلْهَاشِمِيُّ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلشَّيْخِ اَلْكَبِيرِ وَ اَلْعَجُوزِ اَلْكَبِيرَةِ اَلَّتِي تَضْعُفُ عَنِ اَلصَّوْمِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ «يَتَصَدَّقُ عَنْ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ».

Hadith.1951 - Abd al-Malik ibn Utbah al-Hashimi asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about an elderly man and an elderly woman who are too weak to fast during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "They should give a mudd (a specific measure) of wheat as charity for each day."

1952 - رَوَى أَبُو اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «مَنْ فَطَّرَ صَائِماً فَلَهُ أَجْرٌ مِثْلُهُ».

Hadith.1952 - Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Whoever provides iftar to a fasting person will have a reward equal to that of the fasting person."

1953 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «دَخَلَ سَدِيرٌ عَلَى أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ لَهُ «يَا سَدِيرُ هَلْ تَدْرِي أَيُّ لَيَالٍ هَذِهِ» فَقَالَ لَهُ نَعَمْ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ لَيَالِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَمَا ذَاكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي «أَ تَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ تُعْتِقَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ اَللَّيَالِي عَشْرَ رِقَابٍ مِنْ وُلْدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ » فَقَالَ لَهُ سَدِيرٌ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي لاَ يَبْلُغُ مَالِي ذَاكَ فَمَا زَالَ يَنْقُصُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ بِهِ رَقَبَةً وَاحِدَةً فِي كُلِّ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ لاَ أَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ «أَ فَمَا تَقْدِرُ أَنْ تُفَطِّرَ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ رَجُلاً مُسْلِماً » فَقَالَ لَهُ بَلَى وَ عَشَرَةً فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «فَذَاكَ اَلَّذِي أَرَدْتُ يَا سَدِيرُ إِنَّ إِفْطَارَكَ أَخَاكَ اَلْمُسْلِمَ يَعْدِلُ عِتْقَ رَقَبَةٍ مِنْ وُلْدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ».

Hadith.1953 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Sadir entered upon my father (as) during the Month of Ramadan. My father said to him: 'O Sadir, do you know what nights these are?' Sadir replied: 'Yes, may I be your ransom; these are the nights of the Month of Ramadan. Why do you ask?' My father (as) said to him: 'Can you free ten slaves from the descendants of Isma'il every night of these nights?' Sadir replied: 'May I be your ransom, my wealth cannot reach that amount.' My father (as) continued to reduce the number until he said: 'Can you free one slave every night?' Sadir replied: 'I cannot do that either.' My father (as) then asked: 'Can you provide iftar for one Muslim every night?' Sadir replied: 'Yes, I can, and even for ten Muslims.' My father (as) said: 'That is what I intended, O Sadir. Providing iftar to your Muslim brother is equal to freeing one slave from the descendants of Isma'il (as).'"

1954 - وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «تَفْطِيرُكَ أَخَاكَ اَلصَّائِمَ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صِيَامِكَ».

Hadith.1954 - Musa ibn Bakr narrated from Abu al-Hasan (as) that he said: "Providing iftar to your fasting brother is more virtuous than your own fasting."

1955 - وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : إِذَا كَانَ اَلْيَوْمُ اَلَّذِي يَصُومُ فِيهِ أَمَرَ بِشَاةٍ فَتُذْبَحُ وَ تُقْطَعُ أَعْضَاؤُهُ وَ تُطْبَخُ فَإِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ اَلْمَسَاءِ أَكَبَّ عَلَى اَلْقُدُورِ حَتَّى يَجِدَ رِيحَ اَلْمَرَقِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ «هَاتُوا اَلْقِصَاعَ اِغْرِفُوا لآِلِ فُلاَنٍ اِغْرِفُوا لآِلِ فُلاَنٍ» ثُمَّ يُؤْتَى بِخُبْزٍ وَ تَمْرٍ فَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ عَشَاءَهُ.

Hadith.1955 - Imam Zain al-Abidin Ali ibn al-Hussein (as) would, on the day he fasted, order a sheep to be slaughtered, its parts to be cut, and then cooked. When it was evening, he would lean over the pots to smell the aroma of the broth while still fasting. Then Imam (as) would say: "Bring the dishes and serve portions to the family of so-and-so, and to the family of so-and-so." Afterward, bread and dates would be brought to Imam (as), and that would be his dinner.

1956 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «مَنْ فَطَّرَ فِي هَذَا اَلشَّهْرِ مُؤْمِناً صَائِماً كَانَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ وَ مَغْفِرَةٌ لِمَا مَضَى مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ» فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ لَيْسَ كُلُّنَا نَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ نُفَطِّرَ صَائِماً فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَرِيمٌ يُعْطِي هَذَا اَلثَّوَابَ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ إِلاَّ عَلَى مَذْقَةٍ مِنْ لَبَنٍ يُفَطِّرُ بِهَا صَائِماً أَوْ شَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءِ عَذْبٍ أَوْ تُمَيْرَاتٍ لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ.

Hadith.1956 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever provides iftar to a believing fasting person during this month will have, for that act, the reward of freeing a slave and forgiveness for their past sins from Allah (swt), the Exalted and Glorious." It was said to Him (sw): "O Messenger of Allah (swt), not all of us are able to provide iftar to a fasting person." He (peace be upon him and his family) replied: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, is generous. He grants this reward to those among you who can only offer a sip of milk to break the fast of a fasting person, or a drink of pure water, or a few dates if they are unable to offer more than that."

1957 - قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «اَلسَّحُورُ بَرَكَةٌ» وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «لاَ تَدَعْ أُمَّتِيَ اَلسَّحُورَ وَ لَوْ عَلَى حَشَفَةِ تَمْرٍ ».

Hadith.1957 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Suhoor (the pre-dawn meal) is a blessing." He (sw) also said: "My Ummah should not abandon suhoor, even if it is just a single piece of dried date."

1958 - وَ سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلسَّحُورِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ اَلصَّوْمَ فَقَالَ «أَمَّا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنَّ اَلْفَضْلَ فِي اَلسَّحُورِ وَ لَوْ بِشَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ وَ أَمَّا فِي اَلتَّطَوُّعِ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَتَسَحَّرَ فَلْيَفْعَلْ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَلاَ بَأْسَ.

Hadith.1958 - Sama'ah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about suhoor for someone intending to fast. Imam (as) said: "As for the Month of Ramadan, it is recommended to have suhoor, even if it is just a sip of water. As for voluntary fasting, whoever wishes to have suhoor may do so, and whoever does not, there is no harm."

1959 - وَ سَأَلَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ : عَنِ اَلسَّحُورِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ اَلصَّوْمَ أَ وَاجِبٌ هُوَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ لاَ يَتَسَحَّرَ إِنْ شَاءَ فَأَمَّا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ أَنْ يَتَسَحَّرَ أُحِبُّ أَنْ لاَ يَتْرُكَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ».

Hadith.1959 - Abu Basir asked Imam (as) about suhoor for someone intending to fast, saying, "Is it obligatory?" Imam (as) replied: "There is no harm if one does not have suhoor if they wish. However, in the Month of Ramadan, it is better to have suhoor. I prefer that it not be abandoned in the Month of Ramadan."

1960 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «تَعَاوَنُوا بِأَكْلِ اَلسَّحُورِ عَلَى صِيَامِ اَلنَّهَارِ وَ بِالنَّوْمِ عِنْدَ اَلْقَيْلُولَةِ عَلَى قِيَامِ اَللَّيْلِ».

Hadith.1960 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Strengthen yourselves for the fasting of the day by eating suhoor, and for the night prayer by taking a nap during the midday rest (qaylulah)."

1961 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى اَلْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ وَ اَلْمُتَسَحِّرِينَ بِالْأَسْحَارِ فَلْيَتَسَحَّرْ أَحَدُكُمْ وَ لَوْ بِشَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ.

Hadith.1961 - It is narrated from Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) that the Prophet (sw) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, and His angels send blessings upon those who seek forgiveness and those who partake in suhoor during the pre-dawn hours. So let one of you partake in suhoor, even if it is just a sip of water."

1962 - وَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ اَلصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ: آكُلُ وَ أَنَا أَشُكُّ فِي اَلْفَجْرِ فَقَالَ «كُلْ حَتَّى لاَ تَشُكَّ».

Hadith.1962 - A man asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), "I eat while I am unsure if dawn has risen." Imam (as) replied: "Eat until you are no longer in doubt."

1963 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «لَوْ أَنَّ اَلنَّاسَ تَسَحَّرُوا ثُمَّ لَمْ يُفْطِرُوا إِلاَّ عَلَى اَلْمَاءِ لَقَدَرُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَصُومُوا اَلدَّهْرَ».

Hadith.1963 - Imam (as) said: "If people were to partake in suhoor and then break their fast only with water, they would be able to fast continuously throughout the year."

وردت الاخبار والآثار عن الأئمة عليهم السلام أنه لا يجوز أن يتطوع الرجل بالصيام وعليه شئ من الفرض، وممن روى ذلك الحلبي وأبو الصباح الكناني عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام.

The narrations and traditions from the Imams (as) indicate that it is not permissible for a person to engage in voluntary fasting while they have an obligatory fast pending. Among those who narrated this are Al-Halabi and Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani from Abu Abdullah (as).

1964 - سَأَلَ زُرَارَةُ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ وَ اَلْفُضَيْلُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ اَلْبَاقِرَ وَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ نَافِلَةً بِاللَّيْلِ جَمَاعَةً فَقَالاَ « إِنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى اَلْعِشَاءَ اَلْآخِرَةَ اِنْصَرَفَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ آخِرِ اَللَّيْلِ إِلَى اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَيَقُومُ فَيُصَلِّي فَخَرَجَ فِي أَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِيُصَلِّيَ كَمَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي فَاصْطَفَّ اَلنَّاسُ خَلْفَهُ فَهَرَبَ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ وَ تَرَكَهُمْ فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ ثَلاَثَ لَيَالٍ فَقَامَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي اَلْيَوْمِ اَلثَّالِثِ عَلَى مِنْبَرِهِ فَحَمِدَ اَللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ إِنَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِنَ اَلنَّافِلَةِ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ بِدْعَةٌ وَ صَلاَةَ اَلضُّحَى بِدْعَةٌ أَلاَ فَلاَ تَجْتَمِعُوا لَيْلاً فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِصَلاَةِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ لاَ تُصَلُّوا صَلاَةَ اَلضُّحَى فَإِنَّ تِلْكَ مَعْصِيَةٌ أَلاَ فَإِنَّ كُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلاَلَةٌ وَ كُلَّ ضَلاَلَةٍ سَبِيلُهَا إِلَى اَلنَّارِ » ثُمَّ نَزَلَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ «قَلِيلٌ فِي سُنَّةٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ كَثِيرٍ فِي بِدْعَةٍ».

Hadith.1964 - Zurara, Muhammad ibn Muslim, and Al-Fudayl asked Abu Ja'far, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), and Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about offering night prayers in congregation during the nights of Month of Ramadan. They (as) said: "The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) used to pray the last night prayer ('Isha) and then return to his home. Later in the night, he would come out to the mosque and pray. On the first night of Month of Ramadan, he came out to pray as he usually did, and the people lined up behind him. He fled from them to his house and left them. This happened for three nights. On the third day, He (peace be upon him and his family) ascended the pulpit, praised Allah (swt), and said: 'O people, praying at night during Ramadan in congregation is an innovation, and so is the Duha prayer (forenoon prayer). Do not gather at night during Month of Ramadan for night prayers, nor offer the Duha prayer, for these are acts of disobedience. Indeed, every innovation leads to misguidance, and every misguidance leads to the fire.' Then the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) descended while saying: 'A little in adherence to the Sunnah is better than much in innovation.'"

1965 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «ثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنْهَا اَلْوَتْرُ وَ رَكْعَتَا اَلصُّبْحِ قَبْلَ اَلْفَجْرِ كَذَلِكَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يُصَلِّي وَ أَنَا كَذَلِكَ أُصَلِّي وَ لَوْ كَانَ خَيْراً لَمْ يَتْرُكْهُ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ».

Hadith.1965 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the prayer during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: 'Thirteen rak'ahs, including the witr prayer and the two rak'ahs of Fajr before dawn. This was how the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) would pray, and this is how I pray. If there were anything better than this, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) would not have abandoned it.'"

1966 - وَرَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: "سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، فَقَالَ: ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً، مِنْهَا الْوِتْرُ وَرَكْعَتَانِ قَبْلَ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ، وَلَوْ كَانَ فَضْلًا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ أَعْمَلَ بِهِ وَأَحَقَّ".

Hadith.1966 - Abdullah ibn al-Mughira narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the prayer during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: 'Thirteen rak'ahs, including the witr prayer and two rak'ahs before the Fajr prayer. If there were any additional merit, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) would have been more diligent in performing it and more deserving of doing so.'"

1967 - قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ: عَنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كَمْ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ قَالَ «كَمَا يُصَلَّى فِيهِ» قَالَ «كَمَا يُصَلَّى فِي غَيْرِهِ إِلاَّ أَنَّ لِشَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى سَائِرِ اَلشُّهُورِ مِنَ اَلْفَضْلِ مَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَزِيدَ فِي تَطَوُّعِهِ فَإِنْ أَحَبَّ وَ قَوِيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَزِيدَ فِي أَوَّلِ اَلشَّهْرِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً سِوَى مَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ يُصَلِّي مِنْ هَذِهِ اَلْعِشْرِينَ اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً بَيْنَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ وَ ثَمَانَ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي صَلاَةَ اَللَّيْلِ اَلَّتِي كَانَ يُصَلِّيهَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ ثَمَانَ وَ اَلْوَتْرُ ثَلاَثٌ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ يُسَلِّمُ فِيهِمَا ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فَيُصَلِّي وَاحِدَةً فَيَقْنُتُ فِيهَا فَهَذَا اَلْوَتْرُ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيِ اَلْفَجْرِ حَتَّى يَنْشَقَّ اَلْفَجْرُ فَهَذِهِ ثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً فَإِذَا بَقِيَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَشْرُ لَيَالٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ ثَلاَثِينَ رَكْعَةً فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ سِوَى هَذِهِ اَلثَّلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ يُصَلِّي مِنْهَا بَيْنَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ وَ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً وَ ثَمَانَ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي صَلاَةَ اَللَّيْلِ ثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً كَمَا وَصَفْتُ لَكَ وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ يُصَلِّي فِي كُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا إِذَا قَوِيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ سِوَى هَذِهِ اَلثَّلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً وَ لْيَسْهَرْ فِيهِمَا حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي صَلاَةٍ وَ دُعَاءٍ وَ تَضَرُّعٍ فَإِنَّهُ يُرْجَى أَنْ يَكُونَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ فِي إِحْدَاهُمَا».

Hadith.1967 – Imam (as) was asked about the prayer during the Month of Ramadan and said: "It is prayed as in other months. However, Month of Ramadan holds additional merit over other months, so it is appropriate for a servant to increase their voluntary prayers. If one desires and has the strength, they may add twenty rak'ahs each night during the first twenty nights, in addition to what they usually pray. Of these twenty rak'ahs, twelve are prayed between Maghrib and 'Isha, and eight after 'Isha. Then, the usual night prayer is prayed, consisting of eight rak'ahs, followed by the three rak'ahs of witr: two rak'ahs with a taslim, then a single rak'ah with qunut, completing the witr. Afterward, the two rak'ahs of Fajr are prayed until dawn breaks, making thirteen rak'ahs in total. When ten nights remain in Month of Ramadan, thirty rak'ahs may be prayed each night, apart from these thirteen rak'ahs. Of these thirty rak'ahs, twenty-two are prayed between Maghrib and 'Isha, and eight after 'Isha. Then, the night prayer of thirteen rak'ahs is prayed as previously described. On the nights of the 21st and 23rd, if one has the strength, one may pray one hundred rak'ahs in each of these nights, apart from the thirteen rak'ahs. Let them stay awake until morning in prayer, supplication, and humility, as it is hoped that one of these nights will be Laylat al-Qadr."

1968 - رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْخُرُوجِ إِذَا دَخَلَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «لاَ إِلاَّ فِيمَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِهِ خُرُوجٌ إِلَى مَكَّةَ أَوْ غَزْوٌ فِي سَبِيلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْ مَالٌ تَخَافُ هَلاَكَهُ أَوْ أَخٌ تَخَافُ هَلاَكَهُ وَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِأَخٍ مِنَ اَلْأَبِ وَ اَلْأُمِّ».

Hadith.1968 - Ali ibn Abi Hamzah narrated from Abu Basir, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about traveling once the Month of Ramadan has begun. Imam (as) said: 'Do not [travel], except in cases I will inform you of: traveling to Mecca, waging battle in the way of Allah (swt) Almighty, preserving wealth you fear will perish, or saving a brother you fear will face destruction—and he is not a brother from the same father and mother.'"

1969 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَدْخُلُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ هُوَ مُقِيمٌ لاَ يُرِيدُ بَرَاحاً ثُمَّ يَبْدُو لَهُ بَعْدَ مَا يَدْخُلُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ أَنْ يُسَافِرَ فَسَكَتَ فَسَأَلْتُهُ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ فَقَالَ «يُقِيمُ أَفْضَلُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ حَاجَةٌ لاَ بُدَّ لَهُ مِنَ اَلْخُرُوجِ فِيهَا أَوْ يَتَخَوَّفَ عَلَى مَالِهِ».

Hadith.1969 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "I asked him about a man who begins the Month of Ramadan while residing [at home] without any intention to travel. Then, after the month has started, he decides to travel. Imam (as) remained silent. I asked him multiple times, and Imam (as) finally said: 'Staying is better, unless he has a necessary need that compels him to travel or fears for his wealth.'"

1970 - وَ قَدْ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَعْرِضُ لَهُ اَلسَّفَرُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ هُوَ مُقِيمٌ وَ قَدْ مَضَى مِنْهُ أَيَّامٌ فَقَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُسَافِرَ وَ يُفْطِرَ وَ لاَ يَصُومَ ».

Hadith.1970 - Al-Ala' narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far (as): "He was asked about a man who encounters the need to travel during the Month of Ramadan while he is residing, and some days have already passed. Imam (as) said: 'There is no harm if he travels, breaks his fast, and does not fast.'"

1971 - وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ يُشَيِّعُ أَخَاهُ مَسِيرَةَ يَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاَثَةٍ فَقَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلْيُفْطِرْ» فَسُئِلَ أَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ يُقِيمُ وَ يَصُومُ أَوْ يُشَيِّعُهُ قَالَ «يُشَيِّعُهُ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَضَعَ اَلصَّوْمَ عَنْهُ إِذَا شَيَّعَهُ».

Hadith.1971 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about a man who sets out to accompany his brother on a journey for two or three days. Imam (as) said: "If it is during the Month of Ramadan, let him break his fast." He was then asked: "Which is better, for him to stay and fast or to accompany his brother?" Imam (as) replied: "To accompany him, for Allah (swt), the Almighty, has exempted him from fasting when he accompanies his brother."

1972 - وَ رَوَى اَلْوَشَّاءُ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِي قَدْ جَاءَنِي خَبَرُهُ مِنَ اَلْأَعْوَصِ وَ ذَلِكَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَتَلَقَّاهُ وَ أُفْطِرُ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قُلْتُ أَتَلَقَّاهُ وَ أُفْطِرُ أَوْ أُقِيمُ وَ أَصُومُ قَالَ «تَلَقَّاهُ وَ أَفْطِرْ.

Hadith.1972 - Al-Washsha’ narrated from Hammad ibn Uthman, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "A man from among my companions has sent me news that he is coming from Al-A‘was, and this is during the Month of Ramadan. Should I go to meet him and break my fast?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes." I asked: "Should I go to meet him and break my fast, or should I stay and continue fasting?" Imam (as) said: "Go to meet him and break your fast."

1973 - رَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اَلصَّائِمُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ كَالْمُفْطِرِ فِيهِ فِي اَلْحَضَرِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِنَّ رَجُلاً أَتَى رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ أَصُومُ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ فَقَالَ «لاَ» فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ إِنَّهُ عَلَيَّ يَسِيرٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى مَرْضَى أُمَّتِي وَ مُسَافِرِيهَا بِالْإِفْطَارِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَ يُحِبُّ أَحَدُكُمْ إِذَا تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَنْ تُرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ».

Hadith.1973 - Yahya ibn Abi Al-Ala narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "A fasting person in the Month of Ramadan while traveling is like one who breaks his fast in the Month of Ramadan while at home." Imam (as) then added: "A man came to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) and said, 'O Messenger of Allah (swt), should I fast during the Month of Ramadan while traveling?' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) replied: 'No.' The man then said: 'O Messenger of Allah (swt), it is easy for me.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, has given a concession to the sick and the travelers of my nation to break their fast in the Month of Ramadan. Would one of you like it if a charity he gave were returned to him?'"

1974 - وَ سَأَلَ عُبَيْدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «۝ فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ اَلشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ ۝» قَالَ «مَا أَبْيَنَهَا مَنْ شَهِدَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَ مَنْ سَافَرَ فَلاَ يَصُمْهُ».

Hadith.1974 - Ubayd ibn Zurara asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the verse of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "So whoever among you witnesses the month, let him fast it." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:185) Imam (as) replied: "How clear it is! Whoever is present (not traveling) should fast it, and whoever is traveling should not fast it."

1975 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ عَنِ اَلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً مَاتَ صَائِماً فِي اَلسَّفَرِ لَمَا صَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ».

Hadith.1975 - Muhammad ibn Hakim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that he said: "If a man were to die while fasting during travel, I would not perform the funeral prayer for him."

1976 - وَ رَوَى حَرِيزٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «سَمَّى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَوْماً صَامُوا حِينَ أَفْطَرَ وَ قَصَّرَ اَلْعُصَاةَ» قَالَ «وَ هُمُ اَلْعُصَاةُ إِلَى يَوْمِ اَلْقِيَامَةِ وَ إِنَّا لَنَعْرِفُ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَ أَبْنَاءَ أَبْنَائِهِمْ إِلَى يَوْمِنَا هَذَا».

Hadith.1976 - Hariz narrated from Zurara, from Abu Ja'far (as), who said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) called a group of people who fasted when he broke his fast and shortened his prayer as 'disobedient.' He (sw) said: 'They are disobedient until the Day of Judgment, and we recognize their children and the children of their children up to this day of ours.'"

1977 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعِيصُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا خَرَجَ اَلرَّجُلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُسَافِراً أَفْطَرَ» وَ قَالَ «إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ خَرَجَ مِنَ اَلْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ مَعَهُ اَلنَّاسُ وَ فِيهِمُ اَلْمُشَاةُ فَلَمَّا اِنْتَهَى إِلَى كُرَاعِ اَلْغَمِيمِ دَعَا بِقَدَحٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ فِيمَا بَيْنَ اَلظُّهْرِ وَ اَلْعَصْرِ فَشَرِبَ وَ أَفْطَرَ وَ أَفْطَرَ اَلنَّاسُ مَعَهُ وَ تَمَّ أُنَاسٌ عَلَى صَوْمِهِمْ فَسَمَّاهُمُ «اَلْعُصَاةَ» وَ إِنَّمَا يُؤْخَذُ بِأَمْرِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ».

Hadith.1977 - Al-'Iys ibn Al-Qasim narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "When a man travels during the Month of Ramadan, he breaks his fast." Imam (as) continued: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) departed from Medina to Mecca during Month of Ramadan, accompanied by people among whom were pedestrians. When he reached Kurāʿ al-Ghamīm, between noon and afternoon, He called for a cup of water, drank, and broke his fast. The people with him also broke their fast, but some persisted in their fasting. He (sw) called them 'the disobedient,' as one is obligated to follow the command of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family)."

1978 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانُ بْنُ تَغْلِبَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «خِيَارُ أُمَّتِيَ اَلَّذِينَ إِذَا سَافَرُوا أَفْطَرُوا وَ قَصَّرُوا وَ إِذَا أَحْسَنُوا اِسْتَبْشَرُوا وَ إِذَا أَسَاءُوا اِسْتَغْفَرُوا وَ شِرَارُ أُمَّتِيَ اَلَّذِينَ وُلِدُوا فِي اَلنَّعِيمِ وَ غُذُّوا بِهِ يَأْكُلُونَ طَيِّبَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ يَلْبَسُونَ لَيِّنَ اَلثِّيَابِ وَ إِذَا تَكَلَّمُوا لَمْ يَصْدُقُوا.

Hadith.1978 - Aban ibn Taghlib narrated from Abu Ja'far (as), who said: The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "The best among my nation are those who break their fast and shorten their prayers when traveling, rejoice when they do good, and seek forgiveness when they commit wrongs. The worst among my nation are those who are born into luxury, nurtured in it, eat the finest food, wear the softest clothes, and do not speak truthfully when they speak."

1979 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ سَافَرَ قَصَّرَ وَ أَفْطَرَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ رَجُلاً سَفَرُهُ إِلَى صَيْدٍ أَوْ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْ رَسُولاً لِمَنْ يَعْصِي اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْ طَلَبِ عَدُوٍّ أَوْ شَحْنَاءَ أَوْ سِعَايَةٍ أَوْ ضَرَرٍ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مِنَ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ ».

Hadith.1979 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Ayyub, from Ammar ibn Marwan, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "I heard Imam (as) say: Whoever travels must shorten their prayers and break their fast, except in the case of a person whose travel is for hunting, committing a sin against Allah (swt) the Almighty, acting as a messenger for someone disobedient to Allah (swt), pursuing an enemy, fostering enmity, engaging in slander, or causing harm to a group of Muslims."

1980 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «لاَ يُفْطِرُ اَلرَّجُلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِلاَّ بِسَبِيلِ حَقٍّ ».

Hadith.1980 - Imam (as) said: "A man should not break his fast in the Month of Ramadan except for a rightful cause."

]فأما صوم التطوع في السفر[ 1981 - فَقَدْ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «لَيْسَ مِنَ اَلْبِرِّ اَلصَّوْمُ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ».

[Regarding fasting voluntarily while traveling] Hadith.1981 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Fasting while traveling is not an act of righteousness."

1982 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ وَ هُوَ يُرِيدُ اَلسَّفَرَ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ «إِنْ خَرَجَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْتَصِفَ اَلنَّهَارُ فَلْيُفْطِرْ وَ لْيَقْضِ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ وَ إِنْ خَرَجَ بَعْدَ اَلزَّوَالِ فَلْيُتِمَّ يَوْمَهُ ».

Hadith.1982 - Al-Halabi narrated from Imam Abu Abdullah (as): He was asked about a man who leaves his house intending to travel while fasting. The Imam (as) replied: "If he departs before the middle of the day, let him break his fast and make up that day. But if he departs after midday, let him complete his day."

1983 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا سَافَرَ اَلرَّجُلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَخَرَجَ بَعْدَ نِصْفِ اَلنَّهَارِ فَعَلَيْهِ صِيَامُ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ وَ يَعْتَدُّ بِهِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ إِذَا دَخَلَ أَرْضاً قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ اَلْفَجْرِ وَ هُوَ يُرِيدُ اَلْإِقَامَةَ بِهَا فَعَلَيْهِ صَوْمُ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ وَ إِنْ دَخَلَ بَعْدَ طُلُوعِ اَلْفَجْرِ فَلاَ صِيَامَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ ».

Hadith.1983 - Al-‘Ala’ narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Imam Abu Abdullah (as): "If a man travels during the Month of Ramadan and departs after midday, he must fast that day, and it will be counted as part of his Month of Ramadan fast. However, if he enters a place before dawn with the intention of staying there, he is obligated to fast that day. But if he enters after dawn, fasting is not obligatory for him, although he may fast if he wishes."

1984 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُقْبِلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِنْ سَفَرٍ حَتَّى يَرَى أَنَّهُ سَيَدْخُلُ أَهْلَهُ ضَحْوَةً أَوِ اِرْتِفَاعَ اَلنَّهَارِ قَالَ «إِذَا طَلَعَ اَلْفَجْرُ وَ هُوَ خَارِجٌ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ.

Hadith.1984 - Rifa‘ah ibn Musa narrated from Imam Abu Abdullah (as): "I asked him about a man who returns from a journey during Month of Ramadan, expecting to reach his family by mid-morning or later in the day. Imam (as) said: 'If dawn rises while he is still outside (and has not yet entered his hometown), he has the option: if he wishes, he may fast, and if he wishes, he may break his fast.'"

1985 - وَ رَوَى يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فِي اَلْمُسَافِرِ يَدْخُلُ أَهْلَهُ وَ هُوَ جُنُبٌ قَبْلَ اَلزَّوَالِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَكَلَ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَ لاَ قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ «يَعْنِي إِذَا كَانَتْ جَنَابَتُهُ مِنِ اِحْتِلاَمٍ.

Hadith.1985 - Yunus ibn Abdul-Rahman narrated from Imam Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) that he said regarding a traveler who reaches his home while in a state of ritual impurity (janabah) before noon and has not yet eaten: "He must complete his fast, and there is no requirement to make it up." The Imam (as) clarified: "This applies if his janabah resulted from a nocturnal emission (ihtilam)."

1986 - وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَأْتِي جَارِيَتَهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِالنَّهَارِ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ فَقَالَ «مَا عَرَفَ هَذَا حَقَّ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِنَّ لَهُ فِي اَللَّيْلِ سَبْحاً طَوِيلاً » قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ وَ يَشْرَبَ وَ يُقَصِّرَ قَالَ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رَخَّصَ لِلْمُسَافِرِ فِي اَلْإِفْطَارِ وَ اَلتَّقْصِيرِ رَحْمَةً وَ تَخْفِيفاً لِمَوْضِعِ اَلتَّعَبِ وَ اَلنَّصَبِ وَ وَعْثِ اَلسَّفَرِ وَ لَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَهُ فِي مُجَامَعَةِ اَلنِّسَاءِ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ بِالنَّهَارِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ أَوْجَبَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءَ اَلصِّيَامِ وَ لَمْ يُوجِبْ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءَ تَمَامِ اَلصَّلاَةِ إِذَا آبَ مِنْ سَفَرِهِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «وَ اَلسُّنَّةُ لاَ تُقَاسُ وَ إِنِّي إِذَا سَافَرْتُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مَا آكُلُ كُلَّ اَلْقُوتِ وَ مَا أَشْرَبُ كُلَّ اَلرِّيِّ».

Hadith.1986 - Abdullah ibn Sinan asked Imam Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who engages with his concubine during the day in the Month of Ramadan while traveling. The Imam (as) responded: "This person has not recognized the sanctity of the Month of Ramadan, for he has a long stretch of permissible time at night." The questioner asked: "Is it not permissible for him to eat, drink, and shorten his prayer while traveling?" The Imam (as) replied: "Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, granted the traveler the concession to break the fast and shorten the prayer out of mercy and ease, considering the hardship, exhaustion, and difficulties of travel. However, He did not permit engaging in sexual relations during the day while traveling in the Month of Ramadan. For this, He has mandated the fast's make-up (qada) but has not required the make-up of full prayers when the traveler returns home." The Imam then added: "Religious practices are not subject to analogy. When I travel during the Month of Ramadan, I do not consume all food or drink in full measure."

1987 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ صَامَ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ فَقَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَعَلَيْهِ اَلْقَضَاءُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَلَغَهُ فَلاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ».

Hadith.1987 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he said: I asked him about a man who fasted while traveling. The Imam (as) replied: "If he was informed that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) prohibited fasting in such a situation, then he must make up for it (qada). However, if he was not aware of this prohibition, then there is no obligation upon him."

1988 - رَوَى أَبُو اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اِمْرَأَةٍ أَصْبَحَتْ صَائِمَةً فَلَمَّا اِرْتَفَعَ اَلنَّهَارُ أَوْ كَانَ اَلْعِشَاءُ حَاضَتْ أَ تُفْطِرُ قَالَ «نَعَمْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَبْلَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ فَلْتُفْطِرْ» وَ عَنِ اِمْرَأَةٍ تَرَى اَلطُّهْرَ فِي أَوَّلِ اَلنَّهَارِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ لَمْ تَغْتَسِلْ وَ لَمْ تَطْعَمْ كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ بِذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا فِطْرُهَا مِنَ اَلدَّمِ.

Hadith.1988 - Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): Regarding a woman who begins her day fasting and then menstruates during the day, whether it is midday or evening. Imam (as) said: "Yes, she must break her fast, and if it is before sunset, she should break her fast." As for a woman who becomes pure from menstruation early in the day during the Month of Ramadan but does not perform ghusl or eat anything. Imam (as) said: "Her breaking of the fast is only due to the presence of blood (menstruation)."

1989 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اِمْرَأَةٌ طَهُرَتْ مِنْ حَيْضِهَا أَوْ دَمِ نِفَاسِهَا فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ اِسْتَحَاضَتْ فَصَلَّتْ وَ صَامَتْ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ كُلَّهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ مَا تَعْمَلُهُ اَلْمُسْتَحَاضَةُ مِنَ اَلْغُسْلِ لِكُلِّ صَلاَتَيْنِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ صَوْمُهَا وَ صَلاَتُهَا أَمْ لاَ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «تَقْضِي صَوْمَهَا وَ لاَ تَقْضِي صَلاَتَهَا لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنَاتِ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ بِذَلِكَ ».

Hadith.1989 - Ali ibn Mahziyar narrated: "I wrote to Imam (as) about a woman who became pure from her menstruation or postpartum bleeding at the beginning of the day in the Month of Ramadan, but then experienced istihadha (irregular bleeding). She prayed and fasted the entire Month of Ramadan without performing the required ghusl for every two prayers as is prescribed for a woman in istihadha. Is her fasting and prayer valid or not?" Imam (as) wrote in reply: "She must make up her fasts, but she does not need to make up her prayers, because the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) used to command the believing women among his wives to follow this ruling."

1990 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمُسْتَحَاضَةِ قَالَ «تَصُومُ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ إِلاَّ اَلْأَيَّامَ اَلَّتِي كَانَتْ تَحِيضُ فِيهِنَّ ثُمَّ تَقْضِيهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ».

Hadith.1990 - It was narrated from Sama'ah: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the woman experiencing istihadha (irregular bleeding). Imam (as) said: 'She fasts during the Month of Ramadan, except for the days on which she would normally have her menstrual period. She must then make up those days afterward.'"

1991 - وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ اَلْحَجَّاجِ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ تَلِدُ بَعْدَ اَلْعَصْرِ أَ تُتِمُّ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ أَمْ تُفْطِرُ فَقَالَ «تُفْطِرُ ثُمَّ تَقْضِي ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ».

Hadith.1991 - It was narrated from Abdul Rahman bin Al-Hajjaj: "I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a woman who gives birth after Asr (afternoon prayer). Should she complete her fast for that day, or should she break it? Imam (as) said: 'She should break her fast and then make up for that day later.'"

1992 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعِيصُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ تَطْمَثُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَغِيبَ اَلشَّمْسُ قَالَ «تُفْطِرُ حِينَ تَطْمَثُ».

Hadith.1992 - It was narrated from Al-Ays bin Al-Qasim: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a woman who begins menstruating during Month of Ramadan before sunset. Imam (as) said: 'She should break her fast as soon as she begins menstruating.'"

1993 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اِمْرَأَةٍ مَرِضَتْ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَوْ طَمِثَتْ أَوْ سَافَرَتْ فَمَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ هَلْ يُقْضَى عَنْهَا قَالَ «أَمَّا اَلطَّمْثُ وَ اَلْمَرَضُ فَلاَ وَ أَمَّا اَلسَّفَرُ فَنَعَمْ ».

Hadith.1993 - It was narrated by Ali ibn Al-Hakam from Abu Hamza: "I asked Abu Ja'far (as) about a woman who was sick, menstruated, or traveled during Month of Ramadan and then passed away before the end of the month. Should fasting be made up on her behalf? Imam (as) said: 'As for menstruation and illness, no. But as for travel, yes.'"

1994 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ اِمْرَأَتِي جَعَلَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا صَوْمَ شَهْرَيْنِ فَوَضَعَتْ وَلَدَهَا وَ أَدْرَكَهَا اَلْحَبَلُ فَلَمْ تَقْدِرْ عَلَى اَلصَّوْمِ قَالَ «فَلْتَصَدَّقْ مَكَانَ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ ».

Hadith.1994 - It was narrated by Ibn Muskan from Muhammad ibn Ja'far: "I said to Abu al-Hasan (as): 'My wife took upon herself to fast for two months, but she gave birth and then became pregnant again, so she was unable to fast.' Imam (as) said: 'She should give in charity for each day a mudd (measure) to a poor person.'"

1995 - رَوَى عُقْبَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ مَرِضَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمَّا بَرَأَ أَرَادَ اَلْحَجَّ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ بِقَضَاءِ اَلصَّوْمِ قَالَ «إِذَا رَجَعَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ».

Hadith.1995 - It was narrated by Uqbah ibn Khalid from Abu Abdullah (as): "Regarding a man who became ill during the Month of Ramadan and, after recovering, intended to perform Hajj, how should he deal with making up the missed fasts? Imam (as) said: 'When he returns, he should fast them.'"

1996 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ : عَنْ قَضَاءِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي ذِي اَلْحِجَّةِ وَ قَطْعِهِ قَالَ «اِقْضِهِ فِي ذِي اَلْحِجَّةِ وَ اِقْطَعْهُ إِنْ شِئْتَ ».

Hadith.1996 - It was narrated that Abdul Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah asked: "About making up the missed fasts of the Month of Ramadan during Dhul-Hijjah and interrupting it (for any reason). Imam (as) said: 'Make it up in Dhul-Hijjah and interrupt it if you wish.'"

1997 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ صَوْمِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلْيَقْضِهِ فِي أَيِّ شَهْرٍ شَاءَ أَيَّاماً مُتَتَابِعَةً فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَلْيَقْضِهِ كَيْفَ شَاءَ وَ لْيُحْصِ اَلْأَيَّامَ فَإِنْ فَرَّقَ فَحَسَنٌ وَ إِنْ تَابَعَ فَحَسَنٌ».

Hadith.1997 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "If a man has missed fasts from the Month of Ramadan, he may make them up in any month he wishes, in consecutive days. If he is unable to do so, he may make them up as he is able, counting the days. Whether he separates the days or fasts them consecutively, both are acceptable."

1998 - وَ سَأَلَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ اَلْجَعْفَرِيُّ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ أَيَّامٌ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَ يَقْضِيهَا مُتَفَرِّقَةً قَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ بِتَفْرِقَةِ قَضَاءِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِنَّمَا اَلصِّيَامُ اَلَّذِي لاَ يُفَرَّقُ صَوْمُ كَفَّارَةِ اَلظِّهَارِ وَ كَفَّارَةِ اَلدَّمِ وَ كَفَّارَةِ اَلْيَمِينِ ».

Hadith.1998 - Sulaiman ibn Ja'far Al-Ja'fari asked Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as) about a man who has missed days from the Month of Ramadan. Can he make them up non-consecutively? Imam (as) replied: "There is no harm in making up the fasts of the Month of Ramadan separately. The fasting that must not be separated is the fast of expiation for zhihar, expiation for shedding blood, and expiation for breaking an oath."

1999 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَمْرَضُ فَيُدْرِكُهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ يَخْرُجُ عَنْهُ وَ هُوَ مَرِيضٌ فَلاَ يَصِحُّ حَتَّى يُدْرِكَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانٍ آخَرُ قَالَ «يَتَصَدَّقُ عَنِ اَلْأَوَّلِ وَ يَصُومُ اَلثَّانِيَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ صَحَّ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَمْ يَصُمْ حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانٍ آخَرُ صَامَهُمَا جَمِيعاً وَ تَصَدَّقَ عَنِ اَلْأَوَّلِ.

Hadith.1999 - Jameel narrated from Zurara from Abu Ja'far (as) regarding a man who becomes ill and the Month of Ramadan arrives while he is still sick. If he recovers after Month of Ramadan but does not make up the fasts before another Month of Ramadan arrives, what is his duty? Imam (as) replied: "He should give charity for the first missed Month of Ramadan (a mudd of food for each day) and fast the second Month of Ramadan. However, if he recovered in between the two Month of Ramadans and did not fast until the next Month of Ramadan came, then he must fast both Month of Ramadans and also give charity for the first."

2000 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْحَارِثِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ اَلْعِجْلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ فِي يَوْمٍ يَقْضِيهِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ قَبْلَ اَلزَّوَالِ فَلاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ إِلاَّ يَوْماً مَكَانَ يَوْمٍ وَ إِنْ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ بَعْدَ زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ عَلَى عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ مُدٌّ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ صَامَ يَوْماً مَكَانَ يَوْمٍ وَ صَامَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ كَفَّارَةً لِمَا صَنَعَ ». وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّهُ إِنْ أَفْطَرَ قَبْلَ اَلزَّوَالِ فَلاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ أَفْطَرَ بَعْدَ اَلزَّوَالِ فَعَلَيْهِ اَلْكَفَّارَةُ مِثْلُ مَا عَلَى مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ».

Hadith.2000 - Ibn Mahboub narrated from Al-Harith ibn Muhammad from Buraid Al-Ijli from Abu Ja'far (as) regarding a man who engaged with his wife during a day when he was making up a missed fast from Month of Ramadan. Abu Ja'far (as) said: "If he engaged with her before midday, there is nothing upon him except to fast another day in place of that day. However, if he engaged with her after the sun had passed its zenith, then he must feed ten needy people, giving each a mudd of food. If he cannot afford this, he should fast one day in place of the missed day and add three additional days as expiation for what he did." It has also been narrated: "If he broke his fast before midday, there is no penalty upon him. But if he broke his fast after midday, then he must offer expiation similar to that required for breaking a fast during Month of Ramadan."

2001 - وَ رَوَى سَمَاعَةُ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ تَقْضِي شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فَيُكْرِهُهَا زَوْجُهَا عَلَى اَلْإِفْطَارِ فَقَالَ «لاَ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُكْرِهَهَا بَعْدَ زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ».

Hadith.2001 - Sama‘ah narrated from Abu Basir, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abd Allah (as) about a woman making up missed fasts from Month of Ramadan, and her husband compels her to break her fast. Imam (as) said: "It is not appropriate for him to compel her to break her fast after the sun has passed its zenith."

2002 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنْ قَوْلِهِ اَلصَّائِمُ بِالْخِيَارِ إِلَى زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ قَالَ «إِنَّ ذَلِكَ فِي اَلْفَرِيضَةِ فَأَمَّا فِي اَلنَّافِلَةِ فَلَهُ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ أَيَّ سَاعَةٍ شَاءَ إِلَى غُرُوبِ اَلشَّمْسِ».

Hadith.2002 - Sama‘ah asked Abu ‘Abd Allah (as) about the statement: "The fasting person has the option until the sun passes its zenith." Imam (as) replied: "That applies to obligatory fasts. As for voluntary fasts, one may break the fast at any time they wish until sunset."

2003 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْخَثْعَمِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَنْوِي اَلصَّوْمَ فَيَلْقَاهُ أَخُوهُ اَلَّذِي هُوَ عَلَى أَمْرِهِ فَيَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ أَ يُفْطِرُ قَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ تَطَوُّعاً أَجْزَأَهُ وَ حُسِبَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَضَاءَ فَرِيضَةٍ قَضَاهُ ».

Hadith.2003 - Ibn Faddal narrated from Salih ibn Abd Allah al-Khath’ami, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abd Allah (as) about a man who intends to fast and then meets his brother, who shares his faith, and his brother requests him to break his fast. Should he break his fast? Imam (as) replied: "If it is a voluntary fast, it will suffice, and it will be counted for him. However, if it is a fast making up for an obligatory one, then he must make it up again."

2004 - وَسُئِلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: "عَنِ الصَّائِمِ الْمُتَطَوِّعِ، تُعْرَضُ لَهُ الْحَاجَةُ، فَقَالَ: هُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْعَصْرِ، وَإِنْ مَكَثَ حَتَّى الْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَصُومَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ نَوَى ذَلِكَ، فَلَهُ أَنْ يَصُومَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ إِنْ شَاءَ". وإذا طهرت المرأة من حيضها وقد بقي عليها بقية يوم صامت ذلك المقدار تأديبا وعليها قضاء ذلك اليوم، وإن حاضت وقد بقي عليها بقية يوم أفطرت وعليها القضاء.

Hadith.2004 – Imam (as) was asked about a voluntary fasting person who encounters a necessity. Imam (as) said: "He is at liberty to decide until the time of ‘Asr (afternoon). If he delays until ‘Asr and then decides to fast, having not initially intended to, he may fast that day if he wishes."

2005 - وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: فِي رَجُلٍ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ فَصَامَ مِنْهُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ عَرَضَ لَهُ أَمْرٌ فَقَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ صَامَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً فَلَهُ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ مَا بَقِيَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ صَامَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً لَمْ يُجْزِئْهُ حَتَّى يَصُومَ شَهْراً تَامّاً ».

Hadith.2005 - Musa ibn Bakr narrated from Al-Fudayl, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man obligated to fast for a month who completed fifteen days of fasting and then was interrupted by some matter. Imam (as) said: "If he has fasted fifteen days, he may make up the remaining days. However, if he has fasted less than fifteen days, it will not suffice him, and he must start anew and fast a complete month."

2006 - وَ رَوَى مَنْصُورُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فِي رَجُلٍ صَامَ فِي ظِهَارٍ شَعْبَانَ ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ «يَصُومُ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ يَسْتَأْنِفُ اَلصَّوْمَ وَ إِنْ هُوَ صَامَ فِي اَلظِّهَارِ فَزَادَ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ يَوْماً قَضَى بَقِيَّتَهُ».

Hadith.2006 - Mansur ibn Hazim narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who was fasting as expiation (for zihar) during Sha’ban and then Month of Ramadan began. Imam (as) said: "He should fast the Month of Ramadan and then resume the expiation fast. However, if he was fasting for expiation and completed half a day more than the midpoint (of the fast), he can simply complete the remaining days."

2007 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ فِي ظِهَارٍ فَصَامَ ذَا اَلْقَعْدَةِ وَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ذُو اَلْحِجَّةِ قَالَ «يَصُومُ ذَا اَلْحِجَّةِ كُلَّهُ إِلاَّ أَيَّامَ اَلتَّشْرِيقِ ثُمَّ يَقْضِيهَا فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنَ اَلْمُحَرَّمِ حَتَّى يُتِمَّ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَيَكُونَ قَدْ صَامَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ» قَالَ «وَ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَقْرَبَ أَهْلَهُ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامِ اَلتَّشْرِيقِ اَلَّتِي لَمْ يَصُمْهَا وَ لاَ بَأْسَ إِنْ صَامَ شَهْراً ثُمَّ صَامَ مِنَ اَلشَّهْرِ اَلَّذِي يَلِيهِ أَيَّاماً ثُمَّ عَرَضَتْ لَهُ عِلَّةٌ أَنْ يَقْطَعَهَا ثُمَّ يَقْضِيَ بَعْدُ تَمَامَ اَلشَّهْرَيْنِ».

Hadith.2007 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Ayyub from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who had to fast for two consecutive months as expiation for zihar. He fasted the month of Dhu al-Qa'dah, and then the month of Dhu al-Hijjah began. Imam (as) said: "He should fast the entirety of Dhu al-Hijjah, except for the Days of Tashreeq, and then make up for those three days at the beginning of Muharram to complete the two consecutive months of fasting. He should not approach his wife until he has completed fasting the three Days of Tashreeq that he missed. There is no issue if he fasts one month and then a few days of the following month, but if illness or another impediment arises, he may interrupt the fast and then complete the two consecutive months afterward."

2008 - رَوَى أَبَانُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ اَلْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا صَامَ اَلرَّجُلُ شَيْئاً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ مَرِيضاً حَتَّى مَاتَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءٌ وَ إِنْ صَحَّ ثُمَّ مَرِضَ ثُمَّ مَاتَ وَ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ تُصُدِّقَ عَنْهُ مَكَانَ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ صَامَ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ ».

Hadith.2008 - Aban ibn Uthman narrated from Abu Maryam Al-Ansari, who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "If a man fasted part of the Month of Ramadan but then remained ill until he died, there is no obligation to make up the missed fasts. However, if he recovered and then fell ill again before passing away, and he had wealth, charity should be given on his behalf for each day missed in the amount of a mudd. If he did not have wealth, his guardian should fast on his behalf."

2009 - وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِذَا مَاتَ اَلرَّجُلُ وَ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلْيَقْضِ عَنْهُ مَنْ شَاءَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ.

Hadith.2009 - It has been narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that he said: "If a man dies and has unfulfilled fasting from the Month of Ramadan, anyone from his family who wishes may make up the fasts on his behalf."

2010 - وَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءٌ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَشَرَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَهُ وَلِيَّانِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهُمَا أَنْ يَقْضِيَا عَنْهُ جَمِيعاً خَمْسَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَحَدُ اَلْوَلِيَّيْنِ وَ خَمْسَةَ أَيَّامٍ اَلْآخَرُ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «يَقْضِي عَنْهُ أَكْبَرُ وَلِيَّيْهِ عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ وِلاَءً إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ ».

Hadith.2010 - Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, wrote to Imam Abu Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Ali (as): Regarding a man who passed away and had ten days of fasting left from the Month of Ramadan, and he had two heirs. Is it permissible for both heirs to divide the days, with each fasting five days on his behalf? The Imam (as) replied in writing: "The eldest of the two heirs should fast all ten days consecutively, if Allah (swt) wills."

2011 - رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ اَلْبَزَنْطِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ نَذَرَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ إِنْ هُوَ سَلِمَ مِنْ مَرَضٍ أَوْ تَخَلَّصَ مِنْ حَبْسٍ أَنْ يَصُومَ كُلَّ يَوْمِ أَرْبِعَاءَ وَ هُوَ اَلْيَوْمُ اَلَّذِي تَخَلَّصَ فِيهِ فَعَجَزَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ لِعِلَّةٍ أَصَابَتْهُ أَوْ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ فَمَدَّ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِلرَّجُلِ فِي عُمُرِهِ وَ اِجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمٌ كَثِيرٌ مَا كَفَّارَةُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ «تَصَدَّقَ لِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ مُدّاً مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ بِمُدِّ تَمْرٍ.

Hadith.2011 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanti narrated from Imam Abu al-Hasan al-Ridha (as) regarding: A man who vowed upon himself that if he were to recover from an illness or be released from imprisonment, he would fast every Wednesday—the same day he was released. However, due to an ailment or another reason, he was unable to fulfill this vow. Over time, many missed fasts accumulated. The man sought guidance on what expiation would be required for this. The Imam (as) replied: "He should give charity for each missed day, either with a mud (a measure) of wheat or a mud of dates."

2012 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ إِدْرِيسَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «تَصَدَّقَ عَنْ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ شَعِيرٍ ».

Hadith.2012 - In a narration from Idris ibn Zayd and Ali ibn Idris, it is reported from Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) that: "He should give charity for each day with a mud (a measure) of wheat or barley."

2013 - رَوَى اَلْفُضَيْلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «إِذَا دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ بَلْدَةً فَهُوَ ضَيْفٌ عَلَى مَنْ بِهَا مِنْ أَهْلِ دِينِهِ حَتَّى يَرْحَلَ عَنْهُمْ وَ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلضَّيْفِ أَنْ يَصُومَ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِمْ لِئَلاَّ يَعْمَلُوا شَيْئاً فَيَفْسُدَ وَ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ أَنْ يَصُومُوا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ اَلضَّيْفِ لِئَلاَّ يَحْتَشِمَهُمْ وَ يَشْتَهِي فَيَتْرُكُهُ لَهُمْ.

Hadith.2013 - It is narrated by al-Fudhayl ibn Yasar from Abu Ja’far (as) that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "When a man enters a town, he is a guest of those among its people who share his faith until he departs. It is not appropriate for the guest to fast without their permission so that they do not prepare something and it goes to waste. Nor is it appropriate for them to fast without the guest's permission so that he does not feel constrained and refrain from what he desires for their sake."

2014 - وَ رَوَى نَشِيطُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «مِنْ فِقْهِ اَلضَّيْفِ أَنْ لاَ يَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ صَاحِبِهِ وَ مِنْ طَاعَةِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ لِزَوْجِهَا أَنْ لاَ تَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ وَ أَمْرِهِ وَ مِنْ صَلاَحِ اَلْعَبْدِ وَ طَاعَتِهِ وَ نَصِيحَتِهِ لِمَوْلاَهُ أَنْ لاَ يَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ مَوْلاَهُ وَ مِنْ بِرِّ اَلْوَلَدِ بِأَبَوَيْهِ أَنْ لاَ يَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ أَبَوَيْهِ وَ أَمْرِهِمَا وَ إِلاَّ كَانَ اَلضَّيْفُ جَاهِلاً وَ كَانَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ عَاصِيَةً وَ كَانَ اَلْعَبْدُ فَاسِداً عَاصِياً وَ كَانَ اَلْوَلَدُ عَاقّاً ».

Hadith.2014 - Nashit ibn Salih narrated from Hisham ibn al-Hakam from Abu Abdullah (as) that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Among the etiquettes of a guest is that he does not fast voluntarily except with the host's permission. Among the obedience of a wife to her husband is that she does not fast voluntarily except with his permission and instruction. Among the righteousness and obedience of a servant to his master is that he does not fast voluntarily except with his master's permission. Among the dutifulness of a child to their parents is that they do not fast voluntarily except with their parents' permission and command. Otherwise, the guest would be ignorant, the wife disobedient, the servant corrupt and sinful, and the child undutiful." [chapte=CHAPTER 54 - CHAPTER ON GHUSL (RITUAL PURIFICATION) ON SPECIFIC NIGHTS IN THE MONTH OF RAMADAN, AND WHAT HAS BEEN NARRATED ABOUT THE LAST TEN NIGHTS AND THE NIGHT OF QADR] بَابُ الْغُسْلِ فِي اللَّيَالِي الْمَخْصُوصَةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَمَا جَاءَ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ وَفِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ H1ِ 2015 - رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «يُغْتَسَلُ فِي ثَلاَثِ لَيَالٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ أُصِيبَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ قُبِضَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ » قَالَ «وَ اَلْغُسْلُ فِي أَوَّلِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ هُوَ يُجْزِي إِلَى آخِرِهِ ». Hadith.2015 - Al-'Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim from one of the Imams (as) that he said: "One should perform the ritual bath (ghusl) on three nights in the Month of Ramadan: the nineteenth, the twenty-first, and the twenty-third. The Commander of the Faithful (as) was struck on the nineteenth and passed away on the twenty-first." Imam (as) added: "The ghusl should be performed at the beginning of the night, and it suffices until its end."

2016 - وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ: «يُغْتَسَلُ فِي لَيْلَةِ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ ».

Hadith.2016 - It has also been narrated that: "One should perform the ritual bath (ghusl) on the night of the seventeenth."

2017 - وَ رَوَى زُرَارَةُ وَ فُضَيْلٌ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اَلْغُسْلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عِنْدَ وُجُوبِ اَلشَّمْسِ قُبَيْلَهُ، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي وَ يُفْطِرُ ».

Hadith.2017 - Zurara and Fudayl narrated from Abu Ja'far (as) who said: "Bathing (ghusl) during the Month of Ramadan should be performed near sunset, just before it, then one should pray and break the fast."

2018 - وَ رَوَى سَمَاعَةُ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا دَخَلَ اَلْعَشْرُ اَلْأَوَاخِرُ شَدَّ اَلْمِئْزَرَ وَ اِجْتَنَبَ اَلنِّسَاءَ وَ أَحْيَا اَللَّيْلَ وَ تَفَرَّغَ لِلْعِبَادَةِ».

Hadith.2018 - Sama’ah narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdullah (as) who said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, when the last ten nights (of Month of Ramadan) arrived, would tighten his waistbelt, avoid women, revive the nights (with worship), and dedicate himself fully to worship."

2019 - وَ رَوَى سُلَيْمَانُ اَلْجَعْفَرِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «صَلِّ لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ تَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ اَلْحَمْدَ مَرَّةً وَ «قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ.

Hadith.2019 - Sulayman Al-Ja’fari narrated from Abu Al-Hasan (as) that he said: "Pray on the nights of the 21st and 23rd (of Month of Ramadan) 100 units (rak’ahs), reciting Al-Hamd (Surah Al-Fatihah) once and Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad (Surah Al-Ikhlas) ten times in each unit."

2020 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اَلتَّقْدِيرُ وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ اَلْقَضَاءُ وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ إِبْرَامُ مَا يَكُونُ فِي اَلسَّنَةِ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا وَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ مَا يَشَاءُ فِي خَلْقِهِ».

Hadith.2020 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "On the night of the 19th of Month of Ramadan is the decree, on the night of the 21st is the judgment, and on the night of the 23rd is the confirmation of what will occur in the year until its similar time. And Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, has the authority to do as He wills with His creation."

2021 - وَ رَوَى رِفَاعَةُ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: « لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ هِيَ أَوَّلُ اَلسَّنَةِ وَ هِيَ آخِرُهَا ».

Hadith.2021 - Rifāʿa narrated from Imam (as) that Imam (as) said: "The Night of Qadr is the beginning of the year and it is its end."

2022 - وَ أُرِيَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي مَنَامِهِ، بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ يَصْعَدُونَ مِنْبَرَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ يُضِلُّونَ اَلنَّاسَ عَنِ اَلصِّرَاطِ اَلْقَهْقَرَى فَأَصْبَحَ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً فَهَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً قَالَ «يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ فِي لَيْلَتِي هَذِهِ يَصْعَدُونَ مِنْبَرِي مِنْ بَعْدِي يُضِلُّونَ اَلنَّاسَ عَنِ اَلصِّرَاطِ اَلْقَهْقَرَى» فَقَالَ وَ اَلَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً إِنَّ هَذَا لَشَيْءٌ مَا اِطَّلَعْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ عَرَجَ إِلَى اَلسَّمَاءِ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِآيٍ مِنَ اَلْقُرْآنِ يُؤْنِسُهُ بِهَا: «۝ أَ فَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ مَتَّعْنٰاهُمْ سِنِينَ. `ثُمَّ جٰاءَهُمْ مٰا كٰانُوا يُوعَدُونَ. `مٰا أَغْنىٰ عَنْهُمْ مٰا كٰانُوا يُمَتَّعُونَ ۝» وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ «۝ إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ. `وَ مٰا أَدْرٰاكَ مٰا لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ. `لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ ۝» جَعَلَ لَيْلَةَ اَلْقَدْرِ لِنَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ خَيْراً مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ مِنْ مُلْكِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ ».

Hadith.2022 - It is narrated that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, was shown in his dream that the sons of Umayyah would ascend his pulpit after him, leading people astray and turning them away from the straight path. When he awoke, he was sorrowful and grieved. Archangel Jibril (as) descended to him and asked: "O Messenger of Allah (swt), why do I see you sorrowful and grieved?" The Prophet replied: "O Jibril, I saw in my dream the sons of Umayyah ascending my pulpit after me, leading people astray and turning them away from the straight path." Archangel Jibril (as) said: "By the One who sent you with the truth as a Prophet, I was not aware of this matter." He then ascended to the heavens and shortly returned with verses of the Quran to console the Prophet (sw): "Have you considered if We let them enjoy themselves for years, then there comes to them that which they were promised, it will not avail them that which they used to enjoy." (Surah Ash-Shu’ara 26:205–207) And He revealed to Him (sw): "Indeed, We sent it down during the Night of Qadr. And what will make you know what the Night of Qadr is? The Night of Qadr is better than a thousand months." (Surah Al-Qadr 97:1–3) Allah (swt) made the Night of Qadr for His Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, better than a thousand months of the rule of the sons of Umayyah.

2023 - وَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ اَلصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ كَانَتْ أَوْ تَكُونُ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ فَقَالَ «لَوْ رُفِعَتْ لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ لَرُفِعَ اَلْقُرْآنُ ».

Hadith.2023 - A man asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "Inform me about Laylatul Qadr; was it [only in the past], or does it occur every year?" Imam (as) replied: "If Laylatul Qadr were removed, the Quran would be removed."

2024 - وَ سَأَلَ حُمْرَانُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «۝ إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُبٰارَكَةٍ ۝» قَالَ «هِيَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ وَ هِيَ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ وَ لَمْ يُنْزَلِ اَلْقُرْآنُ إِلاَّ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ قَالَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: «۝ فِيهٰا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ ۝» » قَالَ «يُقَدَّرُ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَكُونُ فِي تِلْكَ اَلسَّنَةِ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا مِنْ قَابِلٍ مِنْ خَيْرٍ أَوْ شَرٍّ أَوْ طَاعَةٍ أَوْ مَعْصِيَةٍ أَوْ مَوْلُودٍ أَوْ أَجَلٍ أَوْ رِزْقٍ فَمَا قُدِّرَ فِي تِلْكَ اَللَّيْلَةِ وَ قُضِيَ فَهُوَ اَلْمَحْتُومُ وَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِ اَلْمَشِيئَةُ» قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ « لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ» أَيَّ شَيْءٍ عَنَى بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ «اَلْعَمَلَ اَلصَّالِحَ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ وَ لَوْ لاَ مَا يُضَاعِفُ اَللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا بَلَغُوا وَ لَكِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُضَاعِفُ لَهُمُ اَلْحَسَنَاتِ.

Hadith.2024 - Humran asked Abu Ja'far (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "Indeed, We sent it down on a blessed night" (Surah Ad-Dukhan 44:3). Imam (as) replied: "It is Laylatul Qadr, and it occurs every year in the Month of Ramadan, during its last ten nights. The Quran was revealed only on Laylatul Qadr. Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, says: 'Therein every wise matter is made distinct' (Surah Ad-Dukhan 44:4)." Imam (as) continued: "On Laylatul Qadr, everything that will occur in that year, up to its equivalent time in the following year, is decreed — whether good or evil, obedience or disobedience, life or death, or sustenance. Whatever is decreed and decided on that night is inevitable. Yet, Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, has the will (to alter decrees as He pleases)." Humran then asked: "Laylatul Qadr is better than a thousand months — what does this mean?" Imam (as) replied: "Righteous deeds on Laylatul Qadr are better than those performed over a thousand months. Were it not for Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, multiplying the rewards for believers, they would not reach this merit. However, Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, multiplies good deeds for them."

2025 - وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : كَيْفَ تَكُونُ لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ خَيْراً «مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ» قَالَ «اَلْعَمَلُ اَلصَّالِحُ فِيهَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ اَلْعَمَلِ فِي أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ ».

Hadith.2025 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked, "How is Laylatul Qadr better than a thousand months?" Imam (as) replied: "Righteous deeds performed on it are better than deeds performed in a thousand months that do not contain Laylatul Qadr."

2026 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «نَزَلَتِ اَلتَّوْرَاةُ فِي سِتٍّ مَضَيْنَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ نَزَلَ اَلْإِنْجِيلُ فِي اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ مَضَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ نَزَلَ اَلزَّبُورُ فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ نَزَلَ اَلْقُرْآنُ [ اَلْفُرْقَانُ ] فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ ».

Hadith.2026 - Ali ibn Abi Hamzah narrated from Abu Basir, who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "The Torah was revealed on the sixth of Month of Ramadan, the Injil (Gospel) was revealed on the twelfth of Month of Ramadan, the Zabur (Psalms) was revealed on the eighteenth of Month of Ramadan, and the Quran [Al-Furqan] was revealed on Laylatul Qadr."

2027 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ عَلاَمَةِ لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ فَقَالَ «عَلاَمَتُهَا أَنْ تَطِيبَ رِيحُهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ فِي بَرْدٍ دَفِئَتْ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ فِي حَرٍّ بَرَدَتْ وَ طَابَتْ».

Hadith.2027 - It is narrated from Al-Ala from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who narrated from one of the two (Imam Al-Baqir (as) or Imam Al-Sadiq (as), peace be upon them), who said: "I asked him about the sign of Laylatul Qadr, and Imam (as) replied: 'Its sign is that its breeze is pleasant; if it is in cold weather, it becomes warm, and if it is in hot weather, it becomes cool and pleasant.'"

2028 - وَ سُئِلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنْ لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ فَقَالَ «تَنَزَّلُ فِيهَا اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ اَلْكَتَبَةُ إِلَى اَلسَّمَاءِ اَلدُّنْيَا فَيَكْتُبُونَ مَا يَكُونُ فِي أَمْرِ اَلسَّنَةِ وَ مَا يُصِيبُ اَلْعِبَادَ وَ أَمْرٌ عِنْدَهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَوْقُوفٌ لَهُ فِيهِ اَلْمَشِيئَةُ فَيُقَدِّمُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يَمْحُو وَ «۝ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ اَلْكِتٰابِ ۝» ».

Hadith.2028 - Imam (as) was asked about Laylatul Qadr, and Imam (as) said: "On it, the angels and the scribes descend to the lowest heaven, where they record what will occur during the year, including what will befall the servants. However, there is an affair with Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, that remains subject to His will: He advances from it what He wills, delays from it what He wills, erases, and establishes. 'And with Him is the Mother of the Book' (Surah Ar-Ra'd 13:39)."

2029 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ اَللَّيْلَةُ اَلَّتِي يُرْجَى فِيهَا مَا يُرْجَى أَيُّ لَيْلَةٍ هِيَ فَقَالَ «فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ أَوْ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ » قَالَ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَقْوَ عَلَى كِلْتَيْهِمَا فَقَالَ «مَا أَيْسَرَ لَيْلَتَيْنِ فِيمَا تَطْلُبُ» قَالَ فَقُلْتُ رُبَّمَا رَأَيْنَا اَلْهِلاَلَ عِنْدَنَا وَ جَاءَنَا مَنْ يُخْبِرُنَا بِخِلاَفِ ذَلِكَ فِي أَرْضٍ أُخْرَى فَقَالَ «مَا أَيْسَرَ أَرْبَعَ لَيَالٍ فِيمَا تَطْلُبُ فِيهَا» قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَيْلَةُ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْجُهَنِيِّ قَالَ «إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَيُقَالُ» قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ خَالِدٍ رَوَى أَنَّ فِي تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ يُكْتَبُ وَفْدُ اَلْحَاجِّ فَقَالَ «يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَفْدُ اَلْحَاجِّ يُكْتَبُ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ وَ اَلْمَنَايَا وَ اَلْبَلاَيَا وَ اَلْأَرْزَاقُ وَ مَا يَكُونُ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا فِي قَابِلٍ فَاطْلُبْهَا فِي إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ صَلِّ فِي كُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ وَ أَحْيِهِمَا إِنِ اِسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَى اَلنُّورِ وَ اِغْتَسِلْ فِيهِمَا» قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَقْدِرْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ أَنَا قَائِمٌ قَالَ «فَصَلِّ وَ أَنْتَ جَالِسٌ» قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَسْتَطِعْ قَالَ «فَعَلَى فِرَاشِكَ» قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَسْتَطِعْ فَقَالَ «لاَ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَكْتَحِلَ أَوَّلَ اَللَّيْلِ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ اَلنَّوْمِ إِنَّ أَبْوَابَ اَلسَّمَاءِ تُفَتَّحُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ تُصَفَّدُ اَلشَّيَاطِينُ وَ تُقْبَلُ اَلْأَعْمَالُ أَعْمَالُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ نِعْمَ اَلشَّهْرُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ كَانَ يُسَمَّى عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلْمَرْزُوقَ ».

Hadith.2029 - It is narrated from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah who said: I was with Abu Abdullah (as) when Abu Basir said to him, "May I be your ransom! Which night is the one in which one can hope for what is hoped for?" Imam (as) replied: "It is on the night of the 21st or the 23rd." Abu Basir asked: "What if I cannot perform worship on both nights?" Imam (as) said: "How easy are two nights for what you seek!" Abu Basir then said: "Sometimes we see the crescent moon in our area, but we receive news that it was seen differently in another place." Imam (as) said: "How easy are four nights for what you seek in them!" Abu Basir asked: "May I be your ransom! Is the 23rd night the night of Al-Juhani?" Imam (as) replied: "That is said." Abu Basir further asked: "May I be your ransom! Sulayman ibn Khalid narrated that on the 19th night, the pilgrims' delegation is recorded." Imam (as) said: "O Abu Muhammad! The pilgrims' delegation is written on Laylatul Qadr, along with deaths, trials, provisions, and what will occur until the same time in the following year. So seek it on the 21st and 23rd nights. Pray 100 units (rak'ah) on each of these nights and spend them in worship until dawn, if you are able, and perform ghusl (ritual purification) on these nights." Abu Basir asked: "What if I cannot stand for prayer?" Imam (as) said: "Then pray while sitting." Abu Basir said: "What if I cannot do even that?" Imam (as) said: "Then pray while lying on your bed." Abu Basir asked: "What if I cannot do that either?" Imam (as) replied: "It is fine for you to take a brief nap at the beginning of the night. The gates of the heavens are opened in the Month of Ramadan, the devils are chained, and the deeds of the believers are accepted. What a blessed Month of Ramadan is! In the time of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), it was called 'the month of sustenance.'"

2030 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ اَلسِّمْطِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَللَّيَالِي اَلَّتِي يُرْجَى فِيهَا مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ « تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلاَثٌ وَ عِشْرِينَ » قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَخَذَتْ إِنْسَاناً اَلْفَتْرَةُ أَوْ عِلَّةٌ مَا اَلْمُعْتَمَدُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ « ثَلاَثٌ وَ عِشْرِينَ ».

Hadith.2030 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Humran, from Sufyan ibn Al-Simt, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the nights in the Month of Ramadan that are hoped to be special. Imam (as) replied: "The 19th, 21st, and 23rd." I asked: "What if a person is overtaken by weakness or illness? Which night should be relied upon from these?" Imam (as) replied: "The 23rd."

2031 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَللَّيَالِي اَلَّتِي يُسْتَحَبُّ فِيهَا اَلْغُسْلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ « لَيْلَةُ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ لَيْلَةُ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ لَيْلَةُ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ » وَ قَالَ « لَيْلَةُ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ هِيَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْجُهَنِيِّ وَ حَدِيثُهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِرَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِنَّ مَنْزِلِي نَاءٍ عَنِ اَلْمَدِينَةِ فَمُرْنِي بِلَيْلَةٍ أَدْخُلُ فِيهَا فَأَمَرَهُ بِلَيْلَةِ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ ».

Hadith.2031 - In a narration from Abdullah ibn Bukayr, from Zurara, from one of the two (Imam Al-Baqir (as) or Imam Al-Sadiq (as), peace be upon them), he said: I asked him about the nights in the Month of Ramadan in which it is recommended to perform ghusl (ritual purification). Imam (as) replied: "The 19th night, the 21st night, and the 23rd night." Imam continued: "The 23rd night is the night of Al-Juhani. His story is that he said to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), 'My home is far from Medina. Command me to dedicate a specific night to enter [for worship].' So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) instructed him to dedicate the 23rd night."

2032 - فِي نَوَادِرِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ أَنَّ اَلصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «تَقُولُ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ: أَعُوذُ بِجَلاَلِ وَجْهِكَ اَلْكَرِيمِ أَنْ يَنْقَضِيَ عَنِّي شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ أَوْ يَطْلُعَ اَلْفَجْرُ مِنْ لَيْلَتِي هَذِهِ وَ لَكَ قِبَلِي تَبِعَةٌ أَوْ ذَنْبٌ تُعَذِّبُنِي عَلَيْهِ يَا رَحْمَانُ يَا رَحِيمُ » اَلدُّعَاءُ فِي اَللَّيْلَةِ اَلْأُولَى وَ هِيَ لَيْلَةُ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ « يَا مُولِجَ اَللَّيْلِ فِي اَلنَّهَارِ وَ مُولِجَ اَلنَّهَارِ فِي اَللَّيْلِ وَ مُخْرِجَ اَلْحَيِّ مِنَ اَلْمَيِّتِ وَ مُخْرِجَ اَلْمَيِّتِ مِنَ اَلْحَيِّ يَا رَازِقَ مَنْ يَشَاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَانُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا رَحِيمُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ لَكَ اَلْأَسْمَاءُ اَلْحُسْنَى وَ اَلْأَمْثَالُ اَلْعُلْيَا وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَ اَلْآلاَءُ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ اِسْمِي فِي هَذِهِ اَللَّيْلَةِ فِي اَلسُّعَدَاءِ وَ رُوحِي مَعَ اَلشُّهَدَاءِ وَ إِحْسَانِي فِي عِلِّيِّينَ وَ إِسَاءَتِي مَغْفُورَةً وَ أَنْ تَهَبَ لِي يَقِيناً تُبَاشِرُ بِهِ قَلْبِي وَ إِيمَاناً يَذْهَبُ بِهِ اَلشَّكُّ عَنِّي وَ تُرْضِيَنِي بِمَا قَسَمْتَ لِي وَ آتِنِي «فِي اَلدُّنْيٰا حَسَنَةً وَ فِي اَلْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً» وَ قِنِي عَذَابَ اَلنَّارِ وَ اُرْزُقْنِي فِيهَا شُكْرَكَ وَ ذِكْرَكَ وَ اَلرَّغْبَةَ إِلَيْكَ وَ اَلْإِنَابَةَ وَ اَلتَّوْبَةَ وَ اَلتَّوْفِيقَ لِمَا وَفَّقْتَ لَهُ مُحَمَّداً وَ آلَهُ صَلَوَاتُكَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ » اَللَّيْلَةَ اَلثَّانِيَةَ « يَا سَالِخَ اَلنَّهَارِ مِنَ اَللَّيْلِ فَإِذَا نَحْنُ مُظْلِمُونَ وَ مُجْرِيَ اَلشَّمْسِ لِمُسْتَقَرِّهَا بِتَقْدِيرِكَ يَا عَزِيزُ يَا عَلِيمُ وَ مُقَدِّرَ اَلْقَمَرِ «مَنٰازِلَ حَتّٰى عٰادَ كَالْعُرْجُونِ اَلْقَدِيمِ» يَا نُورَ كُلِّ نُورٍ وَ مُنْتَهَى كُلِّ رَغْبَةٍ وَ وَلِيَّ كُلِّ نِعْمَةٍ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَانُ يَا قُدُّوسُ يَا أَحَدُ يَا وَاحِدُ يَا فَرْدُ يَا صَمَدُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ لَكَ اَلْأَسْمَاءُ اَلْحُسْنَى وَ اَلْأَمْثَالُ اَلْعُلْيَا وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَ اَلْآلاَءُ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ اِسْمِي فِي هَذِهِ اَللَّيْلَةِ فِي اَلسُّعَدَاءِ » حَتَّى تَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى آخِرِ اَلدُّعَاءِ فِي أَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ ، اَللَّيْلَةَ اَلثَّالِثَةَ وَ هِيَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ « يَا رَبَّ لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ وَ جَاعِلَهَا خَيْراً «مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ» وَ رَبَّ اَللَّيْلِ وَ اَلنَّهَارِ وَ رَبَّ اَلْجِبَالِ وَ اَلْبِحَارِ وَ اَلظُّلَمِ وَ اَلْأَنْوَارِ وَ اَلْأَرْضِ وَ اَلسَّمَاءِ يَا بَارِئُ يَا مُصَوِّرُ يَا حَنَّانُ يَا مَنَّانُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَانُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا قَيُّومُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا بَدِيعُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ لَكَ اَلْأَسْمَاءُ اَلْحُسْنَى وَ اَلْأَمْثَالُ اَلْعُلْيَا وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَ اَلْآلاَءُ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ اِسْمِي فِي هَذِهِ اَللَّيْلَةِ فِي اَلسُّعَدَاءِ » إِلَى آخِرِهِ وَ تَقُولُ فِيهَا، « اَللَّهُمَّ اِجْعَلْ فِيمَا تَقْضِي وَ فِيمَا تُقَدِّرُ مِنَ اَلْأَمْرِ اَلْمَحْتُومِ وَ فِيمَا تَفْرُقُ مِنْ اَلْأَمْرِ اَلْحَكِيمِ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ وَ فِي اَلْقَضَاءِ اَلَّذِي لاَ يُرَدُّ وَ لاَ يُبَدَّلُ أَنْ تَكْتُبَنِي مِنْ حُجَّاجِ بَيْتِكَ اَلْحَرَامِ اَلْمَبْرُورِ حَجُّهُمْ اَلْمَشْكُورِ سَعْيُهُمْ اَلْمَغْفُورِ ذُنُوبُهُمْ اَلْمُكَفَّرِ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَاتُهُمْ وَ اِجْعَلْ فِيمَا تَقْضِي وَ تُقَدِّرُ أَنْ تَمُدَّ لِي فِي عُمُرِي وَ أَنْ تُوَسِّعَ لِي فِي رِزْقِي وَ أَنْ تَفُكَّ رَقَبَتِي مِنَ اَلنَّارِ يَا أَرْحَمَ اَلرَّاحِمِينَ » وَ تَقُولُ فِيهَا « يَا مُدَبِّرَ اَلْأُمُورِ يَا بَاعِثَ «مَنْ فِي اَلْقُبُورِ» يَا مُجْرِيَ اَلْبُحُورِ يَا مُلَيِّنَ اَلْحَدِيدِ لِدَاوُدَ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ اِفْعَلْ بِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا اَللَّيْلَةَ اَللَّيْلَةَ اَلسَّاعَةَ اَلسَّاعَةَ - وَ اِرْفَعْ يَدَيْكَ إِلَى اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ قُلْهُ وَ أَنْتَ سَاجِدٌ وَ رَاكِعٌ وَ قَائِمٌ وَ جَالِسٌ وَ رَدِّدْهُ وَ قُلْهُ فِي آخِرِ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ » اَللَّيْلَةَ اَلرَّابِعَةَ « يَا فَالِقَ اَلْإِصْبَاحِ وَ يَا جَاعِلَ اَللَّيْلِ سَكَناً وَ اَلشَّمْسِ وَ اَلْقَمَرِ حُسْبَاناً يَا عَزِيزُ يَا عَلِيمُ يَا ذَا اَلْمَنِّ وَ اَلطَّوْلِ وَ اَلْقُوَّةِ وَ اَلْحَوْلِ وَ اَلْفَضْلِ وَ اَلْإِنْعَامِ يَا ذَا اَلْجَلاَلِ وَ اَلْإِكْرَامِ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَانُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا فَرْدُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا وَتْرُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا ظَاهِرُ يَا بَاطِنُ يَا حَيُّ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ لَكَ اَلْأَسْمَاءُ اَلْحُسْنَى وَ اَلْأَمْثَالُ اَلْعُلْيَا وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَ اَلْآلاَءُ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ » ثُمَّ تُتِمُّهُ بِأَوَّلِ اَلدُّعَاءِ ، اَللَّيْلَةَ اَلْخَامِسَةَ « يَا جَاعِلَ اَللَّيْلِ لِبَاساً وَ اَلنَّهَارِ مَعَاشاً وَ اَلْأَرْضِ مِهَاداً وَ اَلْجِبَالِ أَوْتَاداً يَا اَللَّهُ يَا قَاهِرُ يَا جَبَّارُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ لَكَ اَلْأَسْمَاءُ اَلْحُسْنَى وَ اَلْأَمْثَالُ اَلْعُلْيَا وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَ اَلْآلاَءُ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ » ثُمَّ تُتِمُّهُ إِلَى آخِرِهِ، اَللَّيْلَةَ اَلسَّادِسَةَ « يَا جَاعِلَ اَللَّيْلِ وَ اَلنَّهَارِ آيَتَيْنِ يَا مَنْ مَحَا آيَةَ اَللَّيْلِ وَ جَعَلَ «آيَةَ اَلنَّهٰارِ مُبْصِرَةً» لِنَبْتَغِيَ فَضْلاً مِنْ رَبِّنَا وَ رِضْوَاناً يَا مُفَصِّلَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ تَفْصِيلاً يَا اَللَّهُ يَا مَاجِدُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا وَهَّابُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا جَوَادُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ لَكَ اَلْأَسْمَاءُ اَلْحُسْنَى وَ اَلْأَمْثَالُ اَلْعُلْيَا وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَ اَلْآلاَءُ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ اِسْمِي فِي اَلسُّعَدَاءِ » ثُمَّ تُتِمُّهُ إِلَى آخِرِهِ اَللَّيْلَةَ اَلسَّابِعَةَ « يَا مَادَّ اَلظِّلِّ وَ لَوْ شِئْتَ لَجَعَلْتَهُ سَاكِناً وَ جَعَلْتَ اَلشَّمْسَ عَلَيْهِ دَلِيلاً ثُمَّ قَبَضْتَهُ إِلَيْكَ قَبْضاً يَسِيراً يَا ذَا اَلْجُودِ وَ اَلطَّوْلِ وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءِ وَ اَلْآلاَءِ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ يَا قُدُّوسُ يَا سَلاَمُ يَا مُؤْمِنُ يَا مُهَيْمِنُ يَا عَزِيزُ يَا جَبَّارُ يَا مُتَكَبِّرُ يَا خَالِقُ يَا بَارِئُ يَا مُصَوِّرُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ لَكَ اَلْأَسْمَاءُ اَلْحُسْنَى وَ اَلْأَمْثَالُ اَلْعُلْيَا وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَ اَلْآلاَءُ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ » ثُمَّ تُتِمُّهُ إِلَى آخِرِهِ اَللَّيْلَةَ اَلثَّامِنَةَ « يَا خَازِنَ اَللَّيْلِ فِي اَلْهَوَاءِ وَ خَازِنَ اَلنُّورِ فِي اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ مَانِعَ اَلسَّمَاءِ أَنْ تَقَعَ عَلَى اَلْأَرْضِ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِكَ وَ حَابِسَهُمَا أَنْ تَزُولاَ يَا عَظِيمُ يَا غَفُورُ يَا دَائِمُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا دَائِمُ يَا وَارِثُ يَا بَاعِثَ «مَنْ فِي اَلْقُبُورِ» يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ لَكَ اَلْأَسْمَاءُ اَلْحُسْنَى وَ اَلْأَمْثَالُ اَلْعُلْيَا وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَ اَلْآلاَءُ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ » ثُمَّ تُتِمُّهُ، اَللَّيْلَةَ اَلتَّاسِعَةَ « يَا مُكَوِّرَ اَللَّيْلِ عَلَى اَلنَّهَارِ وَ يَا مُكَوِّرَ اَلنَّهَارِ عَلَى اَللَّيْلِ يَا عَلِيمُ يَا حَلِيمُ يَا حَكِيمُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا رَبَّ اَلْأَرْبَابِ وَ سَيِّدَ اَلسَّادَاتِ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ يَا مَنْ هُوَ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيَّ «مِنْ حَبْلِ اَلْوَرِيدِ» يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا اَللَّهُ لَكَ اَلْأَسْمَاءُ اَلْحُسْنَى وَ اَلْأَمْثَالُ اَلْعُلْيَا وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَ اَلْآلاَءُ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ » ثُمَّ تُتِمُّهُ بِأَوَّلِ اَلدُّعَاءِ، اَللَّيْلَةَ اَلْعَاشِرَةَ وَ هِيَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْوَدَاعِ، « اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ اَلَّذِي لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ كَمَا يَنْبَغِي لِكَرَمِ وَجْهِهِ وَ عِزِّ جَلاَلِهِ وَ كَمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ يَا نُورُ يَا قُدُّوسُ يَا نُورُ يَا قُدُّوسُ يَا سُبُّوحُ يَا مُنْتَهَى اَلتَّسْبِيحِ يَا رَحْمَانُ يَا فَاعِلَ اَلرَّحْمَةِ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا عَلِيمُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا لَطِيفُ يَا اَللَّهُ يَا جَلِيلُ يَا اَللَّهُ لَكَ اَلْأَسْمَاءُ اَلْحُسْنَى وَ اَلْأَمْثَالُ اَلْعُلْيَا وَ اَلْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَ اَلْآلاَءُ أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ » ثُمَّ تُتِمُّهُ بِأَوَّلِ اَلدُّعَاءِ.

Hadith.2032 - In the rare narrations of Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr, it is reported that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "In the last ten nights of the Month of Ramadan, recite every night: 'I seek refuge in the majesty of Your noble face from the Month of Ramadan ending for me or the dawn rising on this night of mine while there remains upon me any responsibility or sin for which You would punish me. O Most Merciful! O Most Compassionate!' For the first night: The supplication for the first night, which is the 21st night of Month of Ramadan, is as follows: 'O You who cause the night to enter the day and the day to enter the night! O You who bring forth the living from the dead and the dead from the living! O Provider for whomsoever He wills without measure! O Allah (swt)! O Most Merciful! O Allah (swt)! O Most Compassionate! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! Yours are the most beautiful names, the highest examples, the greatness, and the bounties. I ask You to send blessings upon Muhammad and his family and to write my name this night among the fortunate, my soul with the martyrs, my good deeds in Illiyyin (the highest station), and my sins forgiven. Grant me a certainty that fills my heart, faith that removes doubt from me, and satisfaction with what You have apportioned to me. Grant me "good in this world and good in the Hereafter" and protect me from the torment of the fire. Provide me in this night with gratitude, remembrance, yearning for You, turning to You in repentance, and success in achieving what You have granted Muhammad and his family. Blessings upon them all!' For the second night: "O You who strip the day from the night, leaving us in darkness! O You who set the sun on its course by Your decree, O Mighty, O All-Knowing! O You who measure the moon in phases until it returns like an old date stalk! O Light of all light, ultimate end of all desires, and patron of every blessing! O Allah (swt)! O Most Merciful! O Most Holy! O One! O Unique! O Peerless! O Self-Sufficient! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! Yours are the most beautiful names, the highest examples, the greatness, and the bounties. I ask You to send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad and to write my name this night among the fortunate." Continue with the rest of the supplication as recited on the first night. For the third night, which is Laylatul Qadr: "O Lord (azj) of Laylatul Qadr and its Creator, making it better than a thousand months!" (Continue with the supplication as concluded on the previous nights.) "O Lord (azj) of the night and the day, and the Lord (azj) of the mountains and the seas, and the darkness and the light, and the earth and the skies! O Creator! O Shaper! O Most Compassionate! O Bestower of blessings! O Allah (swt)! O Most Merciful! O Allah (swt)! O Self-Sustaining! O Allah (swt)! O Originator! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! Yours are the most beautiful names, the highest examples, the greatness, and the bounties. I ask You to send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad and to write my name this night among the fortunate." (Continue to the end of the supplication.) And say during it: "O Allah (swt)! In what You decree and determine among the fixed matters and what You distinguish of wise decrees during Laylatul Qadr, in the judgment that is not repelled or changed, write me among the pilgrims of Your Sacred House whose Hajj is accepted, their efforts appreciated, their sins forgiven, and their evil deeds erased. And in what You decree and determine, prolong my life, expand my sustenance, and free my neck from the fire, O Most Merciful of the merciful." And say during it: "O Disposer of affairs! O Resurrector of those in the graves! O Controller of the seas! O Softener of iron for Dawud! Send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, and grant me this and that this night, this night, this hour, this hour." Raise your hands to the sky and say it while prostrating, bowing, standing, or sitting. Repeat it often, and say it on the last night of the Month of Ramadan. For the fourth night: "O Splitter of the morning and Creator of the night as a time of rest, and the sun and the moon for reckoning! O Mighty! O All-Knowing! O Possessor of grace, power, strength, capability, favor, and generosity! O Possessor of majesty and honor! O Allah (swt)! O Most Merciful! O Allah (swt)! O Singular! O Allah (swt)! O Unique! O Allah (swt)! O Apparent! O Hidden! O Ever-Living! There is no god but You. Yours are the most beautiful names, the highest examples, the greatness, and the bounties. I ask You to send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad." Complete the rest of the supplication as in the previous nights. For the fifth night: "O Creator of the night as a covering, the day as a livelihood, the earth as a resting place, and the mountains as pegs! O Allah (swt)! O Subduer! O Compeller! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! Yours are the most beautiful names, the highest examples, the greatness, and the bounties. I ask You to send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad." Complete the rest of the supplication to its conclusion. For the sixth night: "O Creator of the night and the day as two signs! O You who erased the sign of the night and made 'the sign of the day visible' so that we may seek bounty from our Lord (azj) and His pleasure! O You who clarifies everything in detail! O Allah (swt)! O Glorious! O Allah (swt)! O Bestower! O Allah (swt)! O Generous! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! Yours are the most beautiful names, the highest examples, the greatness, and the bounties. I ask You to send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad and to write my name among the fortunate." For the seventh night: "O Extender of the shade, and if You had willed, You could have made it stationary, and You made the sun its guide. Then You gradually drew it back to Yourself in an easy withdrawal. O Possessor of generosity, abundance, greatness, and bounties! There is no god but You. O Most Holy! O Source of Peace! O Giver of Security! O Watcher! O Mighty! O Compeller! O Supreme! O Creator! O Originator! O Shaper! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! Yours are the most beautiful names, the highest examples, the greatness, and the bounties. I ask You to send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad." Complete the supplication to its end. For the eighth night: "O Keeper of the night in the air and Keeper of the light in the sky! O Preventer of the heavens from falling upon the earth except by Your permission, and Sustainer of them that they do not cease! O Great! O Forgiving! O Eternal! O Allah (swt)! O Everlasting! O Inheritor! O Resurrector of those in the graves! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! Yours are the most beautiful names, the highest examples, the greatness, and the bounties. I ask You to send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad." Complete the supplication as in the previous nights. For the ninth night: "O You who wraps the night over the day and wraps the day over the night! O All-Knowing! O Forbearing! O Wise! O Allah (swt), Lord (azj) of the Lord (azj)s and Master of the masters! There is no god but You. O One who is closer to me than 'my jugular vein!' O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! O Allah (swt)! Yours are the most beautiful names, the highest examples, the greatness, and the bounties. I ask You to send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad." Complete the supplication with the opening part as recited on the previous nights. For the tenth night, the Night of Farewell: "All praise is due to Allah (swt), who has no partner. All praise is due to Allah (swt) as befits the generosity of His face and the majesty of His glory and as He deserves. O Light! O Most Holy! O Light! O Most Holy! O Most Glorified! O Ultimate in glorification! O Most Merciful! O Performer of mercy! O Allah (swt)! O All-Knowing! O Allah (swt)! O Most Gentle! O Allah (swt)! O Majestic! O Allah (swt)! Yours are the most beautiful names, the highest examples, the greatness, and the bounties. I ask You to send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad." Complete the supplication with the opening part as recited on the previous nights.

2033 - رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «تَقُولُ فِي وَدَاعِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اَللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ قُلْتَ فِي كِتَابِكَ اَلْمُنْزَلِ عَلَى نَبِيِّكَ اَلْمُرْسَلِ وَ قَوْلُكَ اَلْحَقُّ «۝ شَهْرُ رَمَضٰانَ اَلَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ اَلْقُرْآنُ هُدىً لِلنّٰاسِ وَ بَيِّنٰاتٍ مِنَ اَلْهُدىٰ وَ اَلْفُرْقٰانِ ۝» وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ قَدِ اِنْصَرَمَ فَأَسْأَلُكَ بِوَجْهِكَ اَلْكَرِيمِ وَ كَلِمَاتِكَ اَلتَّامَّاتِ إِنْ كَانَ بَقِيَ عَلَيَّ ذَنْبٌ لَمْ تَغْفِرْهُ لِي وَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُحَاسِبَنِي بِهِ أَوْ تُعَذِّبَنِي عَلَيْهِ أَوْ تُقَايِسَنِي بِهِ أَنْ يَطْلُعَ فَجْرُ هَذِهِ اَللَّيْلَةِ أَوْ يَنْصَرِمَ هَذَا اَلشَّهْرُ إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ غَفَرْتَهُ لِي يَا أَرْحَمَ اَلرَّاحِمِينَ اَللَّهُمَّ لَكَ اَلْحَمْدُ بِمَحَامِدِكَ كُلِّهَا عَلَى نَعْمَائِكَ كُلِّهَا أَوَّلِهَا وَ آخِرِهَا مَا قُلْتَ لِنَفْسِكَ مِنْهَا وَ مَا قَالَهُ اَلْخَلاَئِقُ اَلْحَامِدُونَ اَلْمُجْتَهِدُونَ فِي ذِكْرِكَ وَ اَلشُّكْرِ لَكَ اَلَّذِينَ أَعَنْتَهُمْ عَلَى أَدَاءِ حَقِّكَ مِنْ أَصْنَافِ خَلْقِكَ مِنَ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةِ اَلْمُقَرَّبِينَ وَ اَلنَّبِيِّينَ وَ اَلْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ أَصْنَافِ اَلنَّاطِقِينَ وَ اَلْمُسَبِّحِينَ لَكَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ اَلْعَالَمِينَ عَلَى أَنَّكَ بَلَّغْتَنَا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ نِعَمِكَ وَ عِنْدَنَا مِنْ قَسْمِكَ وَ إِحْسَانِكَ وَ تَظَاهُرِ اِمْتِنَانِكَ مَا لاَ نُحْصِيهِ فَلَكَ اَلْحَمْدُ اَلْخَالِدُ اَلدَّائِمُ اَلزَّائِدُ اَلْمُخَلَّدُ اَلسَّرْمَدُ اَلَّذِي لاَ يَنْفَدُ طُولَ اَلْأَبَدِ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُكَ أَعَنْتَنَا عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى قَضَيْتَ عَنَّا صِيَامَهُ وَ قِيَامَهُ مِنْ صَلاَةٍ فَمَا كَانَ مِنَّا فِيهِ مِنْ بِرٍّ أَوْ شُكْرٍ أَوْ ذِكْرٍ اَللَّهُمَّ فَتَقَبَّلْهُ مِنَّا بِأَحْسَنِ قَبُولِكَ وَ تَجَاوُزِكَ وَ عَفْوِكَ وَ صَفْحِكَ وَ غُفْرَانِكَ وَ حَقِيقَةِ رِضْوَانِكَ حَتَّى تُظْفِرَنَا فِيهِ بِكُلِّ خَيْرٍ مَطْلُوبٍ وَ جَزِيلِ عَطَاءٍ مَوْهُوبٍ تُؤْمِنُنَا فِيهِ مِنْ كُلِّ مَرْهُوبٍ أَوْ بَلاَءٍ مَجْلُوبٍ أَوْ ذَنْبٍ مَكْسُوبٍ اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِعَظِيمِ مَا سَأَلَكَ بِهِ أَحَدٌ مِنْ خَلْقِكَ مِنْ كَرِيمِ أَسْمَائِكَ وَ جَمِيلِ ثَنَائِكَ وَ خَاصَّةِ دُعَائِكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ شَهْرَنَا هَذَا أَعْظَمَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مَرَّ عَلَيْنَا مُنْذُ أَنْزَلْتَنَا إِلَى اَلدُّنْيَا بَرَكَةً فِي عِصْمَةِ دِينِي وَ خَلاَصِ نَفْسِي وَ قَضَاءِ حَاجَتِي وَ تَشْفِيعِي فِي مَسَائِلِي وَ تَمَامِ اَلنِّعْمَةِ عَلَيَّ وَ صَرْفِ اَلسُّوءِ عَنِّي وَ لِبَاسِ اَلْعَافِيَةِ لِي وَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَنِي بِرَحْمَتِكَ مِمَّنِ اِدَّخَرْتَ لَهُ لَيْلَةَ اَلْقَدْرِ وَ جَعَلْتَهَا لَهُ خَيْراً «مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ» فِي أَعْظَمِ اَلْأَجْرِ وَ أَكْرَمِ اَلذُّخْرِ وَ أَحْسَنِ اَلشُّكْرِ وَ أَطْوَلِ اَلْعُمُرِ وَ أَدْوَمِ اَلْيُسْرِ اَللَّهُمَّ وَ أَسْأَلُكَ بِرَحْمَتِكَ وَ عِزَّتِكَ وَ طَوْلِكَ وَ عَفْوِكَ وَ نَعْمَائِكَ وَ جَلاَلِكَ وَ قَدِيمِ إِحْسَانِكَ وَ اِمْتِنَانِكَ أَنْ لاَ تَجْعَلَهُ آخِرَ اَلْعَهْدِ مِنَّا، لِشَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى تُبَلِّغَنَاهُ مِنْ قَابِلٍ عَلَى أَحْسَنِ حَالٍ وَ تُعَرِّفَنَا هِلاَلَهُ مَعَ اَلنَّاظِرِينَ إِلَيْهِ وَ اَلْمُتَعَرِّفِينَ لَهُ فِي أَعْفَى عَافِيَتِكَ وَ أَتَمِّ نِعْمَتِكَ وَ أَوْسَعِ رَحْمَتِكَ وَ أَجْزَلِ قِسْمِكَ اَللَّهُمَّ يَا رَبِّيَ اَلَّذِي لَيْسَ لِي رَبٌّ غَيْرُهُ لاَ تَجْعَلْ هَذَا اَلْوَدَاعَ مِنِّي لَهُ وَدَاعَ فَنَاءٍ وَ لاَ آخِرَ اَلْعَهْدِ مِنِّي لِلِّقَاءِ حَتَّى تُرِيَنِيهِ مِنْ قَابِلٍ فِي أَسْبَغِ اَلنِّعَمِ وَ أَفْضَلِ اَلرَّجَاءِ وَ أَنَا لَكَ عَلَى أَحْسَنِ اَلْوَفَاءِ «إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ اَلدُّعٰاءِ» اَللَّهُمَّ اِسْمَعْ دُعَائِي وَ اِرْحَمْ تَضَرُّعِي وَ تَذَلُّلِي لَكَ وَ اِسْتِكَانَتِي وَ تَوَكُّلِي عَلَيْكَ فَأَنَا لَكَ مُسْلِمٌ لاَ أَرْجُو نَجَاحاً وَ لاَ مُعَافَاةً إِلاَّ بِكَ وَ مِنْكَ فَامْنُنْ عَلَيَّ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُكَ وَ تَقَدَّسَتْ أَسْمَاؤُكَ وَ بَلِّغْنِي شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَ أَنَا مُعَافًى مِنْ كُلِّ مَكْرُوهٍ وَ مَحْذُورٍ وَ جَنِّبْنِي مِنْ جَمِيعِ اَلْبَوَائِقِ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ اَلَّذِي أَعَانَنَا عَلَى صِيَامِ هَذَا اَلشَّهْرِ حَتَّى بَلَغْنَا آخِرَ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْهُ »

Hadith.2033 - It is narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "In bidding farewell to the Month of Ramadan, say: 'O Allah (swt)! You have said in Your revealed Book sent to Your Prophet, the Messenger, and Your word is the truth: "The Month of Ramadan in which the Quran was revealed as guidance for mankind and as clear proofs of guidance and criterion." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:185) And now this Month of Ramadan has ended. I ask You by Your noble face and by Your perfect words: if there remains upon me any sin which You have not forgiven me and which You intend to hold me accountable for, punish me for, or reckon against me — that the dawn of this night does not break, nor this month ends, except that You have forgiven it for me. O Most Merciful of the merciful!'” "O Allah (swt), all praise belongs to You with all of Your praises, for all of Your blessings, the first and the last of them—what You have praised Yourself with and what the praisers among Your creation have said. Those who strive in Your remembrance and in showing gratitude to You, whom You have helped to fulfill Your rights among the categories of Your creation, from the close angels, the Prophets, and the messengers, and from the various beings who glorify You among all the worlds. All praise is due to You for granting us to reach the Month of Ramadan, and for the blessings You bestowed upon us, the provisions You decreed for us, and the kindness You have shown us, which we cannot count. So all praise belongs to You, eternal, lasting, increasing, and everlasting—praise that never ceases for all eternity. Glorious is Your praise! You helped us complete fasting and prayers during this month, including what was performed by us in righteousness, gratitude, or remembrance." "O Allah (swt), accept this from us with the best of Your acceptance, through Your forgiveness, pardon, forbearance, and genuine satisfaction, so that You may grant us in this month every sought-after good and an abundant, gifted bounty. Secure us from every feared calamity, harm brought near, or sin committed. O Allah (swt), I ask You by the greatest of what any of Your creation has asked of You—by Your noble names, beautiful praises, and specific invocations—to send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, and to make this month of ours the greatest Month of Ramadan we have experienced since You placed us in this world. Grant blessings in the safeguarding of my religion, the salvation of my soul, the fulfillment of my needs, intercession for my requests, the completion of blessings upon me, protection from harm, and the clothing of well-being for me. Include me in Your mercy among those for whom You have reserved Laylatul Qadr and made it better 'than a thousand months' in the greatest reward, the most honorable treasure, the finest gratitude, the longest life, and the most enduring ease." "O Allah (swt), I ask You by Your mercy, Your might, Your abundance, Your pardon, Your blessings, Your majesty, Your ancient benevolence, and Your favors, that You do not make this the last time for us with the Month of Ramadan, and that You grant us to reach it again in the coming year in the best of conditions. Let us witness its crescent along with those who witness it and recognize it, while we are under the most complete protection, the most perfect blessing, the widest mercy, and the greatest share of Your provision. O Allah (swt), my Lord (azj), who has no Lord (azj) besides You, do not let this farewell to Month of Ramadan be a farewell of annihilation, nor the last covenant with it. Allow me to see it again in the coming year with the most abundant blessings and the best hope, while I am in a state of utmost faithfulness to You. 'Indeed, You are the Hearer of prayers.' O Allah (swt), hear my supplication, have mercy on my pleading and humility before You, my submissiveness and reliance upon You. I surrender to You, hoping for no success or relief except through You and from You. Bestow Your favor upon me—glorified is Your praise, sanctified are Your names—and allow me to reach the Month of Ramadan again, while I am protected from all that is disliked and feared. Shield me from all calamities. All praise is due to Allah (swt), who helped us fast during this month and allowed us to reach its last night."

2034 - رَوَى سَعِيدٌ اَلنَّقَّاشُ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «أَمَا إِنَّ فِي اَلْفِطْرِ تَكْبِيراً وَ لَكِنَّهُ مَسْنُونٌ» قَالَ قُلْتُ فَأَيْنَ هُوَ قَالَ «فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْفِطْرِ فِي اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ وَ فِي صَلاَةِ اَلْفَجْرِ وَ فِي صَلاَةِ اَلْعِيدِ» وَ فِي غَيْرِ رِوَايَةِ سَعِيدٍ «وَ فِي اَلظُّهْرِ وَ اَلْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ تَقْطَعُ» قَالَ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ أَقُولُ قَالَ «تَقُولُ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَ لِلَّهِ اَلْحَمْدُ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ عَلَى مَا هَدَانَا وَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى مَا أَبْلاَنَا وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «۝ وَ لِتُكْمِلُوا اَلْعِدَّةَ» يَعْنِي اَلصِّيَامَ: وَ لِتُكَبِّرُوا اَللّٰهَ عَلىٰ مٰا هَدٰاكُمْ ۝».

Hadith.2034 - It is narrated by Sa'id al-Naqqash, who said: Abu Abdullah (as) said to me: "Indeed, there is Takbir (declaration of Allah’s (swt) greatness) associated with Eid al-Fitr, but it is a recommended Sunnah." Sa'id said: "I asked: Where is it to be performed?" Imam (as) replied: "On the night of Eid al-Fitr during the Maghrib (sunset prayer) and the Isha (night prayer), during the Fajr (dawn prayer), and during the Eid prayer." In another narration (not from Sa'id), it is also reported: "And during the Zuhr (noon prayer) and Asr (afternoon prayer), and then it ends." Sa'id said: "I asked: How should I say it?" Imam (as) replied: "Say: Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, La ilaha illa Allah, wa Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar wa lillahi al-hamd. Allahu Akbar for what He has guided us to, and al-hamdulillah for what He has bestowed upon us." This is the statement of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: “And complete the prescribed period (of fasting), and glorify Allah for having guided you.” (Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:185).

2035 - وَ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّهُ لاَ يُقَالُ فِيهِ وَ رَزَقَنَا مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ اَلْأَنْعَامِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ فِي أَيَّامِ اَلتَّشْرِيقِ ».

Hadith.2035 - It is narrated: "It is not said in it (the Takbir for Eid al-Fitr), 'and He provided us with the livestock of cattle,' as that phrase pertains to the days of Tashreeq (the days following Eid al-Adha)."

2036 - وَ رَوَى اَلْقَاسِمُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ اَلنَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ اَلْمَغْفِرَةَ تَنْزِلُ عَلَى مَنْ صَامَ، شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ لَيْلَةَ اَلْقَدْرِ فَقَالَ «يَا حَسَنُ إِنَّ اَلْقَارِيجَارَ إِنَّمَا يُعْطَى أُجْرَتَهُ عِنْدَ فَرَاغِهِ وَ ذَلِكَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْعِيدِ » قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَمَا يَنْبَغِي لَنَا أَنْ نَعْمَلَ فِيهَا فَقَالَ «إِذَا غَرَبَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ صَلَّيْتَ اَلثَّلاَثَ مِنَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اِرْفَعْ يَدَيْكَ وَ قُلْ: يَا ذَا اَلطَّوْلِ يَا ذَا اَلْحَوْلِ يَا مُصْطَفِيَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ نَاصِرَهُ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ اِغْفِرْ لِي كُلَّ ذَنْبٍ أَذْنَبْتُهُ وَ نَسِيتُهُ أَنَا وَ هُوَ عِنْدَكَ فِي كِتَابٍ مُبِينٍ وَ تَخِرُّ سَاجِداً وَ تَقُولُ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ أَتُوبُ إِلَى اَللَّهِ وَ أَنْتَ سَاجِدٌ وَ تَسْأَلُ حَوَائِجَكَ.

Hadith.2036 - It is narrated from Al-Qasim ibn Yahya, from his grandfather Al-Hasan ibn Rashid, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "People say that forgiveness descends upon those who fast during the Month of Ramadan on the Night of Qadr." Imam (as) replied: "O Hasan, the wage-earner is only given his reward when he has completed his work, and that is on the Night of Eid." I asked: "May I be your ransom! What should we do on that night?" Imam (as) said: "When the sun sets, pray the three units of Maghrib prayer, raise your hands, and say: 'O Possessor of grace, O Possessor of power, O One who chose Muhammad and supported him, send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, and forgive me every sin I have committed and forgotten, though it is recorded with You in a clear Book.' Then prostrate, and while prostrating, say a hundred times: 'I repent to Allah (swt).' And while in prostration, ask for your needs."

2037 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا شَهِدَ عِنْدَ اَلْإِمَامِ شَاهِدَانِ أَنَّهُمَا رَأَيَا اَلْهِلاَلَ مُنْذُ ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْماً أَمَرَ اَلْإِمَامُ بِإِفْطَارِ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ إِذَا كَانَ شَهِدَا قَبْلَ زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ وَ إِنْ شَهِدَا بَعْدَ زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ أَمَرَ اَلْإِمَامُ بِإِفْطَارِ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ وَ أَخَّرَ اَلصَّلاَةَ إِلَى اَلْغَدِ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ ».

Hadith.2037 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Qays, from Abu Ja'far (as), who said: "If two witnesses testify before the Imam that they have seen the crescent moon thirty days ago, the Imam commands the people to break their fast on that day if the testimony is given before noon. However, if they testify after noon, the Imam commands them to break their fast on that day but delays the Eid prayer until the next day, and then he leads them in prayer."

2038 - وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ قَالَ: «إِذَا أَصْبَحَ اَلنَّاسُ صِيَاماً وَ لَمْ يَرَوُا اَلْهِلاَلَ وَ جَاءَ قَوْمٌ عُدُولٌ يَشْهَدُونَ عَلَى اَلرُّؤْيَةِ فَلْيُفْطِرُوا وَ لْيَخْرُجُوا مِنَ اَلْغَدِ أَوَّلَ اَلنَّهَارِ إِلَى عِيدِهِمْ. وإذا رئي هلال شوال بالنهار قبل الزوال فذلك اليوم من شوال وإذا رئي بعد الزوال فذلك اليوم من شهر رمضان.

Hadith.2038 - In another narration, it is reported: "If the people begin their day fasting and do not see the crescent moon, but then a group of trustworthy individuals arrives and testifies to having seen it, they should break their fast and go out the next day, early in the morning, for their Eid."

2039 - رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اِبْنِ فَضَّالٍ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ عِنْدَنَا يُصَلُّونَ وَ لاَ يَصُومُونَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَ رُبَّمَا اِحْتَجْتُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَحْصُدُونَ لِي فَإِذَا دَعَوْتُهُمْ لِلْحَصَادِ لَمْ يُجِيبُونِي حَتَّى أُطْعِمَهُمْ وَ هُمْ يَجِدُونَ مَنْ يُطْعِمُهُمْ فَيَذْهَبُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ يَدَعُونِي وَ أَنَا أَضِيقُ مِنْ إِطْعَامِهِمْ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِخَطِّهِ «أَعْرِفُهُ أَطْعِمْهُمْ ».

Hadith.2039 - It is narrated by Al-Husayn ibn Sa’id, from Ibn Faddal, who said: "I wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as), asking him about a group of people among us who pray but do not fast during the Month of Ramadan. Sometimes I need their help to harvest my crops, but if I call them for the harvest, they do not respond unless I feed them. They also find others who provide them with food, so they go to them and leave me. I am constrained in my ability to feed them during Month of Ramadan.” Imam (as) wrote back in his handwriting: 'Recognize their situation; feed them.'

2040 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: « شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ ثَلاَثُونَ يَوْماً لاَ يَنْقُصُ أَبَداً».

Hadith.2040 - In a narration from Muhammad ibn Sinan, from Hudhayfah ibn Mansur, from Abu Abdullah (as), Imam (as) said: "The Month of Ramadan is thirty days and is never less."

2041 - وفي رواية حذيفة بن منصور عن معاذ بن كثير - ويقال له: معاذ بن مسلم الهراء - عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: " شهر رمضان ثلاثون يوما لا ينقص والله أبدا.

Hadith.2041 - In a narration from Hudhayfah ibn Mansur, from Mu'adh ibn Kathir—also referred to as Mu'adh ibn Muslim Al-Harra'i—who reported from Abu Abdullah (as), Imam (as) said: "The Month of Ramadan is thirty days and, by Allah (swt), it never decreases."

2042 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ اَلنَّاسَ يَرْوُونَ أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَا صَامَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ تِسْعَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ يَوْماً أَكْثَرُ مِمَّا صَامَ ثَلاَثِينَ قَالَ «كَذَبُوا مَا صَامَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِلاَّ تَامّاً وَ لاَ تَكُونُ اَلْفَرَائِضُ نَاقِصَةً إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ اَلسَّنَةَ ثَلاَثَمِائَةٍ وَ سِتِّينَ يَوْماً وَ «خَلَقَ اَلسَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ اَلْأَرْضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيّٰامٍ» فَحَجَزَهَا مِنْ ثَلاَثِمِائَةٍ وَ سِتِّينَ يَوْماً فَالسَّنَةُ ثَلاَثُمِائَةٍ وَ أَرْبَعَةٌ وَ خَمْسُونَ يَوْماً وَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ ثَلاَثُونَ يَوْماً لِقَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «۝ وَ لِتُكْمِلُوا اَلْعِدَّةَ ۝» وَ اَلْكَامِلُ تَامٌّ وَ شَوَّالٌ تِسْعَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ يَوْماً وَ ذُو اَلْقَعْدَةِ ثَلاَثُونَ يَوْماً لِقَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: «۝ وَ وٰاعَدْنٰا مُوسىٰ ثَلاٰثِينَ لَيْلَةً ۝» فَالشَّهْرُ هَكَذَا ثُمَّ هَكَذَا أَيْ شَهْرٌ تَامٌّ وَ شَهْرٌ نَاقِصٌ وَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ لاَ يَنْقُصُ أَبَداً وَ شَعْبَانُ لاَ يَتِمُّ أَبَداً».

Hadith.2042 - In a narration from Muhammad ibn Isma'il ibn Bazi’, from Muhammad ibn Ya’qub, from Shu’ayb, from his father, from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "I said to him: 'People narrate that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) fasted for 29 days in the Month of Ramadan more often than he fasted for 30 days.' Imam (as) replied: 'They have lied. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) only fasted a complete month. Obligatory acts are never deficient. Verily, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, created the year with 360 days and created the heavens and the earth in six days, thus reducing the days of the year to 354. The Month of Ramadan is 30 days, as Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: "And complete the number" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:185). Completeness means perfection. Shawwal is 29 days, and Dhu al-Qa'dah is 30 days, as Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: "And We appointed for Musa thirty nights" (Surah Al-A’raf 7:142). The months alternate in this way - one complete month, followed by a deficient one. The Month of Ramadan is never deficient, and Sha’ban is never complete.'"

2043 - وَ سَأَلَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «۝ وَ لِتُكْمِلُوا اَلْعِدَّةَ ۝» قَالَ «ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْماً».

Hadith.2043 - Abu Basir asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty: "And complete the number" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:185). Imam (as) replied: "Thirty days."

2044 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ يَاسِرٍ اَلْخَادِمِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ هَلْ يَكُونُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ تِسْعَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ يَوْماً فَقَالَ «إِنَّ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ لاَ يَنْقُصُ مِنْ ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْماً أَبَداً».

Hadith.2044 - It is narrated from Yasir Al-Khadim, who said: "I asked Al-Ridha (as): 'Can the Month of Ramadan ever be 29 days?' Imam (as) replied: 'The Month of Ramadan is never less than 30 days.'"

2045 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ صِيَامِ أَيَّامِ اَلتَّشْرِيقِ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَنْ صِيَامِهَا بِمِنًى فَأَمَّا بِغَيْرِهَا فَلاَ بَأْسَ ».

Hadith.2045 - It is narrated from Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about fasting during the Days of Tashreeq. Imam (as) replied: 'The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) only prohibited fasting on those days in Mina. However, outside of Mina, there is no issue with fasting them.'"

2046 - وَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : عَنِ اَلْوِصَالِ فِي اَلصِّيَامِ وَ كَانَ يُوَاصِلُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «إِنِّي لَسْتُ كَأَحَدِكُمْ إِنِّي أَظَلُّ عِنْدَ رَبِّي فَيُطْعِمُنِي وَ يَسْقِينِي».

Hadith.2046 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) prohibited continuous fasting (without breaking the fast at night). However, He (sw) himself practiced it. When He was asked about this, He (sw) said: "I am not like one of you. I remain in the presence of my Lord (azj), and He provides me with food and drink."

2047 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «اَلْوِصَالُ اَلَّذِي نُهِيَ عَنْهُ هُوَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ اَلرَّجُلُ عَشَاءَهُ سَحُورَهُ ».

Hadith.2047 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "The continuous fasting (wisal) that is prohibited is when a person makes his evening meal (iftar) the same as his pre-dawn meal (suhoor)."

2048 - وَ سَأَلَ زُرَارَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ صَوْمِ اَلدَّهْرِ فَقَالَ «لَمْ يَزَلْ مَكْرُوهاً».

Hadith.2048 - Zurara asked Abu Abdullah (as) about fasting continuously throughout the year. Imam (as) replied: "It has always been disliked."

2049 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «لاَ وِصَالَ فِي صِيَامٍ وَ لاَ صَمْتَ يَوْماً إِلَى اَللَّيْلِ».

Hadith.2049 - Imam (as) said: "There is no continuous fasting (wisal) in fasting, nor remaining silent for a day until night."

2050 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ سَعْدٍ اَلْخَفَّافِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَهُ ثَمَانِيَةَ رِجَالٍ فَذَكَرْنَا رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «لاَ تَقُولُوا هَذَا رَمَضَانُ وَ لاَ ذَهَبَ رَمَضَانُ وَ لاَ جَاءَ رَمَضَانُ فَإِنَّ رَمَضَانَ اِسْمٌ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لاَ يَجِيءُ وَ لاَ يَذْهَبُ إِنَّمَا يَجِيءُ وَ يَذْهَبُ اَلزَّائِلُ وَ لَكِنْ قُولُوا « شَهْرُ رَمَضٰانَ » فَالشَّهْرُ مُضَافٌ إِلَى اَلاِسْمِ وَ اَلاِسْمُ اِسْمُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ هُوَ اَلشَّهْرُ «اَلَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ اَلْقُرْآنُ » جَعَلَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَثَلاً وَ عِيداً ».

Hadith.2050 - It is narrated from Al-Bazanti, from Hisham ibn Salim, from Sa’d Al-Khaffaf, from Abu Ja’far (as), who said: "We were with him, eight men, and the topic of Month of Ramadan was mentioned. Imam (as) said: 'Do not say, "This is Ramadan," or "Ramadan has passed," or "Ramadan has come," for Ramadan is one of the names of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic. It does not come or go; it is the transient (month) that comes and goes. Instead, say, "The Month of Ramadan," for the month is attributed to the name, and the name is one of the names of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic. It is the month in which the Quran was revealed. Allah (swt), the Almighty, made it an example and a celebration.'"

2051 - وَ رَوَى غِيَاثُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَلوَاتُ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ : «لاَ تَقُولُوا رَمَضَانُ وَ لَكِنْ قُولُوا« شَهْرُ رَمَضٰانَ » فَإِنَّكُمْ لاَ تَدْرُونَ مَا رَمَضَانُ ».

Hadith.2051 - It is narrated from Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim, from Abu Abdullah (as), from his father (as), from his grandfather (as), who said that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Do not say 'Ramadan'; rather, say 'the Month of Ramadan,' for you do not know what 'Ramadan' is."

2052 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ : «يُسْتَحَبُّ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ أَهْلَهُ، أَوَّلَ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِقَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: «۝ أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ اَلصِّيٰامِ اَلرَّفَثُ إِلىٰ نِسٰائِكُمْ ۝» ».

Hadith.2052 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "It is recommended for a man to go to his wife on the first night of the Month of Ramadan, based on the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty: 'It has been made lawful for you to be intimate with your wives during the night of fasting.' (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187)

2053 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : قَالَ لِبَعْضِ مَوَالِيهِ يَوْمَ اَلْفِطْرِ وَ هُوَ يَدْعُو لَهُ «يَا فُلاَنُ تَقَبَّلَ اَللَّهُ مِنْكَ وَ مِنَّا» قَالَ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ حَتَّى كَانَ يَوْمُ اَلْأَضْحَى فَقَالَ لَهُ «يَا فُلاَنُ تَقَبَّلَ اَللَّهُ مِنَّا وَ مِنْكَ» قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا اِبْنَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ قُلْتَ فِي اَلْفِطْرِ شَيْئاً وَ تَقُولُ فِي اَلْأَضْحَى شَيْئاً غَيْرَهُ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ إِنِّي قُلْتُ لَهُ فِي اَلْفِطْرِ تَقَبَّلَ اَللَّهُ مِنْكَ وَ مِنَّا لِأَنَّهُ فَعَلَ مِثْلَ فِعْلِي وَ اِسْتَوَيْتُ أَنَا وَ هُوَ فِي اَلْفِعْلِ وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ فِي اَلْأَضْحَى تَقَبَّلَ اَللَّهُ مِنَّا وَ مِنْكَ لِأَنَّا يُمْكِنُنَا أَنْ نُضَحِّيَ وَ لاَ يُمْكِنُهُ أَنْ يُضَحِّيَ فَقَدْ فَعَلْنَا غَيْرَ فِعْلِهِ».

Hadith.2053 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Al-Fudhayl, from Al-Ridha (as), who said: "Imam (as) said to one of his companions on the Day of Eid al-Fitr while supplicating for him: 'O so-and-so, may Allah (swt) accept (the deeds) from you and from us.' Then, on the Day of Eid al-Adha, Imam (as) said to him: 'O so-and-so, may Allah (swt) accept (the deeds) from us and from you.' I asked Imam (as): 'O son of the Messenger of Allah (swt), on Eid al-Fitr you said something, and on Eid al-Adha you said something different. Why?' Imam (as) replied: 'Yes, I said to him on Eid al-Fitr, "May Allah (swt) accept (the deeds) from you and from us," because he did the same as I did, and our actions were the same. But on Eid al-Adha, I said to him, "May Allah (swt) accept (the deeds) from us and from you," because we are able to offer a sacrifice, whereas he is not able to do so. Thus, our actions differed.'"

2054 - وَ رَوَى جَرَّاحٌ اَلْمَدَائِنِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اِطْعَمْ يَوْمَ اَلْفِطْرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ وَ لاَ تَطْعَمْ يَوْمَ اَلْأَضْحَى حَتَّى يَنْصَرِفَ اَلْإِمَامُ ».

Hadith.2054 - It is narrated from Jarrah al-Mada'ini, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Eat on the Day of Eid al-Fitr before you pray, but do not eat on the Day of Eid al-Adha until the Imam has completed the prayer and returned."

2055 - وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا أُتِيَ بِطِيبٍ يَوْمَ اَلْفِطْرِ بَدَأَ بِلِسَانِهِ.

Hadith.2055 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), when presented with perfume on the day of Eid al-Fitr, would begin by applying it to his tongue.

2056 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلنَّوْفَلِيُّ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : إِنِّي أَفْطَرْتُ يَوْمَ اَلْفِطْرِ عَلَى طِينِ اَلْقَبْرِ وَ تَمْرٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ «جَمَعْتَ بَيْنَ بَرَكَةٍ وَ سُنَّةٍ.

Hadith.2056 - Ali ibn Muhammad Al-Nawfali said to Imam Abu Al-Hasan (as): "I broke my fast on the Day of Eid al-Fitr with the clay of the grave (Turbah) and dates." Imam (as) replied: "You have combined blessing and tradition (sunnah)."

2057 - وَ نَظَرَ اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : إِلَى اَلنَّاسِ فِي يَوْمِ فِطْرٍ يَلْعَبُونَ وَ يَضْحَكُونَ فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ وَ اِلْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِمْ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ مِضْمَاراً لِخَلْقِهِ يَسْتَبِقُونَ فِيهِ بِطَاعَتِهِ إِلَى رِضْوَانِهِ فَسَبَقَ فِيهِ قَوْمٌ فَفَازُوا وَ تَخَلَّفَ آخَرُونَ فَخَابُوا فَالْعَجَبُ كُلُّ اَلْعَجَبِ مِنَ اَلضَّاحِكِ اَللاَّعِبِ فِي اَلْيَوْمِ اَلَّذِي يُثَابُ فِيهِ اَلْمُحْسِنُونَ وَ يَخِيبُ فِيهِ اَلْمُقَصِّرُونَ وَ اَيْمُ اَللَّهِ لَوْ كُشِفَ اَلْغِطَاءُ لَشُغِلَ مُحْسِنٌ بِإِحْسَانِهِ وَ مُسِيءٌ بِإِسَاءَتِهِ ».

Hadith.2057 - Imam Al-Hasan ibn Ali (as) observed the people on the Day of Eid al-Fitr playing and laughing. Imam (as) turned to his companions and said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, created the Month of Ramadan as a racecourse for His creation, where they compete in obedience to Him to attain His pleasure. Some have advanced in it and succeeded, while others have lagged behind and failed. Astonishing, truly astonishing, is the laughter and play of one on a day when the righteous are rewarded, and the negligent face disappointment. By Allah (swt), if the veil were lifted, the doer of good would be preoccupied with his goodness, and the sinner with his sins."

2058 - وَ رَوَى حَنَانُ بْنُ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «يَا عَبْدَ اَللَّهِ مَا مِنْ عِيدٍ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ أَضْحًى وَ لاَ فِطْرٍ إِلاَّ وَ هُوَ يُجَدَّدُ لآِلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فِيهِ حُزْنٌ» قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ لِمَ قَالَ «لِأَنَّهُمْ يَرَوْنَ حَقَّهُمْ فِي يَدِ غَيْرِهِمْ.

Hadith.2058 - It is narrated from Hanan ibn Sudair, from Abdullah ibn Dinar, from Abu Ja'far (as), who said: "O Abdullah, there is no Eid for the Muslims, whether Eid al-Adha or Eid al-Fitr, except that it brings renewed sorrow to the family of Muhammad." I asked: "Why is that?" Imam (as) replied: "Because they see their right in the hands of others."

2059 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ لَطِيفٍ اَلتَّفْلِيسِيُّ عَنْ رَزِينٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «لَمَّا ضُرِبَ اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِالسَّيْفِ وَ سَقَطَ ثُمَّ اُبْتُدِرَ لِيُقْطَعَ رَأْسُهُ نَادَى مُنَادٍ مِنْ بُطْنَانِ اَلْعَرْشِ أَلاَ أَيَّتُهَا اَلْأُمَّةُ اَلْمُتَحَيِّرَةُ اَلضَّالَّةُ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهَا لاَ وَفَّقَكُمُ اَللَّهُ لِأَضْحًى وَ لاَ فِطْرٍ ». - وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ «لِصَوْمٍ وَ لاَ فِطْرٍ » قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «فَلاَ جَرَمَ وَ اَللَّهِ مَا وُفِّقُوا وَ لاَ يُوَفَّقُونَ حَتَّى يَثُورَ ثَائِرُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ».

Hadith.2059 - It is narrated from Abdullah ibn Latif Al-Taflisi, from Razin, who said that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "When Husayn ibn Ali (as) was struck with the sword and fell, and his head was about to be severed, a caller from within the depths of the Throne (of Allah (swt)) called out: 'O bewildered and misguided nation after your Prophet! May Allah (swt) not grant you success for Eid al-Adha or Eid al-Fitr.'" In another narration: "for fasting or breaking fast." Then Abu Abdullah (as) said: "By Allah (swt), they were not granted success, nor will they be, until the avenger of Husayn ibn Ali (as) rises."

2060 - وَرُوِيَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: "إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ نَادَى مُنَادٍ: أَيُّهَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ، اغْدُوا إِلَى جَوَائِزِكُمْ، ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: يَا جَابِرُ جَوَائِزُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَيْسَتْ كَجَوَائِزِ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُلُوكِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: هُوَ يَوْمُ الْجَوَائِزِ".

Hadith.2060 - It is narrated from Jabir, from Abu Ja'far (as), from his father (as), who said: "When the first day of Shawwal arrives, a caller announces: 'O believers, hasten to your rewards!' Then Abu Ja'far (as) said: 'O Jabir, the rewards of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, are not like the rewards of these worldly kings.' Then Imam (as) added: 'It is the Day of Rewards.'”

2061 - رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ اَلْجَمَّالِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْفِطْرَةِ فَقَالَ «عَلَى اَلصَّغِيرِ وَ اَلْكَبِيرِ وَ اَلْحُرِّ وَ اَلْعَبْدِ عَنْ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ صَاعٌ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ زَبِيبٍ ».

Hadith.2061 - It is narrated from Ibn Abi Najran and Ali ibn Al-Hakam, from Safwan Al-Jammal, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about Zakat al-Fitr. Imam (as) said: 'It is obligatory for the young and the old, the free and the enslaved. For every individual, it is one sa' (measure) of wheat, or one sa' of dates, or one sa' of raisins.'"

2062 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ اَلْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْفِطْرَةِ كَمْ تُدْفَعُ عَنْ كُلِّ رَأْسٍ مِنَ اَلْحِنْطَةِ وَ اَلشَّعِيرِ وَ اَلتَّمْرِ وَ اَلزَّبِيبِ قَالَ «صَاعٌ بِصَاعِ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ».

Hadith.2062 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Khalid, from Sa’d ibn Sa’d Al-Ash’ari, who said: "I asked Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as) about Zakat al-Fitr: how much should be given per head from wheat, barley, dates, and raisins?" Imam (as) replied: "One sa' (measure) according to the sa' of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)."

2063 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْهَمَذَانِيِّ وَ كَانَ مَعَنَا حَاجّاً قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَى يَدِ أَبِي جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَنَا اِخْتَلَفُوا فِي اَلصَّاعِ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ اَلْفِطْرَةُ بِصَاعِ اَلْمَدَنِيِّ وَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ بِصَاعِ اَلْعِرَاقِيِّ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَيَّ «اَلصَّاعُ سِتَّةُ أَرْطَالٍ بِالْمَدَنِيِّ وَ تِسْعَةُ أَرْطَالٍ بِالْعِرَاقِيِّ» قَالَ وَ أَخْبَرَنِي «أَنَّهُ يَكُونُ بِالْوَزْنِ أَلْفاً وَ مِائَةً وَ سَبْعِينَ وَزْنَةً».

Hadith.2063 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya, from Ja'far ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad Al-Hamadhani, who was with us during Hajj. He said: "I wrote to Abu Al-Hasan (as) through Abu (a messenger), saying: 'May I be your ransom, our companions have differed regarding the measure of the sa': some say Zakat al-Fitr is based on the Madani sa', while others say it is based on the Iraqi sa'.' Imam (as) wrote back to me: 'The sa' is six ritls (weights) by the Madani measure and nine ritls by the Iraqi measure.' Imam (as) further informed me: 'By weight, it is 1,170 weights (units).'"

2064 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «مَنْ لَمْ يَجِدِ اَلْحِنْطَةَ وَ اَلشَّعِيرَ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُ اَلْقَمْحُ وَ اَلسُّلْتُ وَ اَلْعَلَسُ وَ اَلذُّرَةُ ».

Hadith.2064 - Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Whoever cannot find wheat or barley, it is sufficient for him to give in place of it wheat flour, spelt, emmer, or corn."

2065 - كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ اَلْبَصْرِيُّ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : يَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ اَلْوَصِيِّ يُزَكِّي زَكَاةَ اَلْفِطْرَةِ عَنِ اَلْيَتَامَى إِذَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مَالٌ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «لاَ زَكَاةَ عَلَى يَتِيمٍ ».

Hadith.2065 - Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim ibn Al-Fudhayl Al-Basri wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as), asking about whether a guardian should pay Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of orphans if they have wealth. Imam (as) replied: "There is no Zakat upon an orphan."

2066 - وَ رَوَى سَيْفُ بْنُ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ لاَ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنَ اَلْفِطْرَةِ إِلاَّ مَا يُؤَدِّي عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَحْدَهَا أَ يُعْطِيهِ عَنْهَا أَوْ يَأْكُلُ هُوَ وَ عِيَالُهُ قَالَ «يُعْطِي بَعْضَ عِيَالِهِ ثُمَّ يُعْطِي اَلْآخَرُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ يُرَدِّدُونَهَا بَيْنَهُمْ فَتَكُونُ عَنْهُمْ جَمِيعاً فِطْرَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ ».

Hadith.2066 - It is narrated from Saif ibn Amirah, from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as): 'A man has nothing for Zakat al-Fitr except enough to pay for himself alone. Should he give it for himself, or should he use it for himself and his family?' Imam (as) replied: 'He should give it to some of his family, and then that person gives it on behalf of another, passing it among themselves, so that it counts as Zakat al-Fitr for all of them collectively.'"

2067 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ اَلضَّيْفُ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِ فَيَحْضُرُ يَوْمُ اَلْفِطْرِ يُؤَدِّي عَنْهُ اَلْفِطْرَةَ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ اَلْفِطْرَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مَنْ يَعُولُ مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ حُرٍّ أَوْ مَمْلُوكٍ ».

Hadith.2067 - It is narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Umar ibn Yazid, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who has a guest from among his brethren staying with him when the Day of Eid al-Fitr arrives. Should he pay Zakat al-Fitr on his behalf?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, Zakat al-Fitr is obligatory for everyone he supports, whether male or female, young or old, free or enslaved."

2068 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلرَّجُلَ عَنْ رَأْسَيْنِ وَ ثَلاَثَةٍ وَ أَرْبَعَةٍ يَعْنِي اَلْفِطْرَةَ.

Hadith.2068 - It is narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "There is no harm if a man gives Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of two, three, or even four individuals."

2069 - وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ قَالَ: «لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ تَدْفَعَ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ عَنْ مَنْ تَعُولُ إِلَى وَاحِدٍ».

Hadith.2069 - In another narration, it is said: "There is no harm in giving Zakat al-Fitr for yourself and those you support to a single recipient."

2070 - رَوَى ذَلِكَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلْمَوْلُودِ يُولَدُ لَيْلَةَ اَلْفِطْرِ وَ اَلْيَهُودِيِّ وَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيِّ يُسْلِمُ لَيْلَةَ اَلْفِطْرِ قَالَ «لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِطْرَةٌ لَيْسَ اَلْفِطْرَةُ إِلاَّ عَلَى مَنْ أَدْرَكَ اَلشَّهْرَ».

Hadith.2070 - It is narrated by Ali ibn Abi Hamzah, from Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a child born on the night of Eid al-Fitr or a Jew or Christian who converts to Islam on the night of Eid al-Fitr. Imam (as) said: "There is no Zakat al-Fitr upon them. Zakat al-Fitr is only obligatory on those who have completed the month (i.e., were present during Month of Ramadan)."

2071 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بِلاَلٍ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى اَلطَّيِّبِ اَلْعَسْكَرِيِّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَى اَلْفِطْرَةُ عَنْ عِيَالِ اَلرَّجُلِ وَ هُمْ عَشَرَةٌ أَقَلُّ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ رَجُلاً مُحْتَاجاً مُوَافِقاً فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «نَعَمِ اِفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ ».

Hadith.2071 - It is narrated by Muhammad ibn Isa, from Ali ibn Bilal, who said: "I wrote to Al-Tayyib Al-Askari (as), asking: 'Is it permissible to give the Zakat al-Fitr for a man's dependents, whether they are ten or fewer or more, to one needy and deserving person?' Imam (as) wrote in reply: 'Yes, do that.'"

2072 - وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ أَخَاهُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْمُكَاتَبِ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ فِطْرَةُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَوْ عَلَى مَنْ كَاتَبَهُ وَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ قَالَ «اَلْفِطْرَةُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لاَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ.

Hadith.2072 - Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a mukatab (a slave who has a contract to earn their freedom): "Is Zakat al-Fitr obligatory upon the mukatab or upon the one who wrote the contract of emancipation for him? And is his testimony valid?" Imam (as) replied: "Zakat al-Fitr is obligatory upon him (the mukatab), but his testimony is not valid."

2073 - وَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : يَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ اَلْمَمْلُوكِ يَمُوتُ عَنْهُ مَوْلاَهُ وَ هُوَ عَنْهُ غَائِبٌ فِي بَلْدَةٍ أُخْرَى وَ فِي يَدِهِ مَالٌ لِمَوْلاَهُ وَ يَحْضُرُ اَلْفِطْرُ أَ يُزَكِّي عَنْ نَفْسِهِ مِنْ مَالِ مَوْلاَهُ وَ قَدْ صَارَ لِلْيَتَامَى فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ ».

Hadith.2073 - Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim ibn Al-Fudhayl wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as), asking: "A slave’s master dies while the slave is away in another town, and the slave has money belonging to his deceased master. When Eid al-Fitr arrives, should the slave pay Zakat al-Fitr for himself from the money of his master, which has now passed to the orphans?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes."

2074 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «لَأَنْ أُعْطِيَ فِي اَلْفِطْرَةِ صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُعْطِيَ صَاعاً مِنْ تِبْرٍ.

Hadith.2074 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "To give one sa' (measure) of dates for Zakat al-Fitr is more beloved to me than giving one sa' of gold."

2075 - وَ رَوَى عَنْهُ هِشَامُ بْنُ اَلْحَكَمِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «اَلتَّمْرُ فِي اَلْفِطْرَةِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ لِأَنَّهُ أَسْرَعُ مَنْفَعَةً وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ إِذَا وَقَعَ فِي يَدِ صَاحِبِهِ أَكَلَ مِنْهُ» قَالَ «وَ نَزَلَتِ اَلزَّكَاةُ وَ لَيْسَ لِلنَّاسِ أَمْوَالٌ وَ إِنَّمَا كَانَتِ اَلْفِطْرَةُ.

Hadith.2075 - It is narrated from Hisham ibn Al-Hakam, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), who said: "Dates are preferred for Zakat al-Fitr over other items because they are of quicker benefit. When they reach the hands of the recipient, they can immediately eat from them." Imam (as) added: "Zakat was revealed at a time when people did not have much wealth; thus, Zakat al-Fitr was established."

2076 - وَ سَأَلَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْفِطْرَةِ فَقَالَ «الْجِيرَانُ أَحَقُّ بِهَا وَ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يُعْطَى قِيمَةُ ذَلِكَ فِضَّةً.

Hadith.2076 - Ishaq ibn Ammar asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about Zakat al-Fitr. Imam (as) said: "Neighbors have the greatest right to it, and there is no harm in giving its equivalent value in silver."

2077 - وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ يَقْطِينٍ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْأَوَّلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ زَكَاةِ اَلْفِطْرَةِ أَ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ يُعْطَى اَلْجِيرَانُ وَ اَلظُّئُورَةُ مِمَّنْ لاَ يَعْرِفُ وَ لاَ يَنْصِبُ فَقَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَ مُحْتَاجاً ».

Hadith.2077 - Ali ibn Yaqtin asked Imam Abu Al-Hasan Al-Awwal (as) about Zakat al-Fitr: "Is it permissible to give it to neighbors or close acquaintances who do not share the same beliefs or who do not acknowledge (the Imamate)?" Imam (as) replied: "There is no harm in that if they are in need."

2078 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ مُعَتِّبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اِذْهَبْ فَأَعْطِ عَنْ عِيَالِنَا اَلْفِطْرَةَ وَ عَنِ اَلرَّقِيقِ وَ اِجْمَعْهُمْ وَ لاَ تَدَعْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ تَرَكْتَ مِنْهُمْ إِنْسَاناً تَخَوَّفْتُ عَلَيْهِ اَلْفَوْتَ» قُلْتُ وَ مَا اَلْفَوْتُ قَالَ «اَلْمَوْتُ».

Hadith.2078 - It is narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, from Mu’attib, who said: Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Go and give Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of our household and for the servants. Include all of them and do not leave anyone out. If you leave out even one person, I fear for them the 'fawt' (loss)." I asked: "What is 'fawt'?" Imam (as) replied: "Death."

2079 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ لَيْسَ مِنْ عِيَالِهِ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ يَتَكَلَّفُ لَهُ نَفَقَتَهُ وَ كِسْوَتَهُ أَ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ فِطْرَتُهُ قَالَ «لاَ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ فِطْرَتُهُ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ صَدَقَةً دُونَهُ» وَ قَالَ «اَلْعِيَالُ اَلْوَلَدُ وَ اَلْمَمْلُوكُ وَ اَلزَّوْجَةُ وَ أُمُّ اَلْوَلَدِ ».

Hadith.2079 - It is narrated from Safwan, from Abdur-Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj, who said: "I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who spends on another man who is not part of his household but for whom he voluntarily provides sustenance and clothing. Is Zakat al-Fitr obligatory on him for that person?" Imam (as) replied: "No, Zakat al-Fitr is only obligatory for one’s dependents, not for such a person." Imam (as) further said: "Dependents include children, servants, a wife, and an umm al-walad (a bondwoman who bore a child for her master)."

2080 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْفِطْرَةِ قَالَ «إِذَا عَزَلْتَهَا فَلاَ يَضُرُّكَ مَتَى مَا أَعْطَيْتَهَا قَبْلَ اَلصَّلاَةِ أَوْ بَعْدَهَا » وَ قَالَ «اَلْوَاجِبُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ أَبِيكَ وَ أُمِّكَ وَ وَلَدِكَ وَ اِمْرَأَتِكَ وَ خَادِمِكَ ».

Hadith.2080 - It is narrated from Safwan ibn Yahya, from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about Zakat al-Fitr. Imam (as) said: 'Once you have set it aside, it does not harm you when you give it, whether before or after the prayer.' Imam (as) also said: 'It is obligatory for you to give Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of yourself, your father, your mother, your children, your wife, and your servant.'"

2081 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ فِي أَهْلِهِ مِنْ صَدَقَةِ اَلْفِطْرَةِ قَالَ «تَصَدَّقْ عَنْ جَمِيعِ مَنْ تَعُولُ مِنْ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ أَوْ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ مِنْهُمُ اَلصَّلاَةَ.

Hadith.2081 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far (as), who said: "I asked him about what is obligatory upon a man regarding Zakat al-Fitr for his household. Imam (as) said: 'Give Zakat al-Fitr for everyone you support, whether free or enslaved, young or old, as long as they have reached the time of the prayer (Eid prayer).'"

2082 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ اَلْعَيَّاشِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْصُورُ بْنُ اَلْعَبَّاسِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ رَقِيقٌ بَيْنَ قَوْمٍ عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهِ زَكَاةُ اَلْفِطْرَةِ قَالَ «إِذَا كَانَ لِكُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ رَأْسٌ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ عَنْهُ فِطْرَتَهُ وَ إِذَا كَانَ عِدَّةُ اَلْعَبِيدِ وَ عِدَّةُ اَلْمَوَالِي سَوَاءً وَ كَانُوا جَمِيعاً فَهُمْ سَوَاءٌ أَدَّوْا زَكَاتَهُمْ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى قَدْرِ حِصَّتِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لِكُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ مِنْهُمْ أَقَلُّ مِنْ رَأْسٍ فَلاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِمْ ».

Hadith.2082 - It is narrated by Muhammad ibn Mas'ud Al-Ayyashi, who said: Muhammad ibn Nusair narrated to us, saying: Sahl ibn Ziyad narrated to us, saying: Mansur ibn Al-Abbas narrated to us, saying: Isma'il ibn Sahl narrated from Hammad ibn Isa, from Hariz, from Zurara, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: I asked him about slaves shared among a group of people, whether Zakat al-Fitr is obligatory on them. Imam (as) said: "If each person owns a full share (equivalent to one head), then he must pay Zakat al-Fitr for that share. However, if the number of slaves and owners are equal and they are collectively owned, then they are equal in responsibility, and each must pay Zakat al-Fitr proportionate to their share. But if each person's share is less than a full head, then there is no obligation upon them."

2083 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ قَالَ: بَعَثْتُ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِدَرَاهِمَ لِي وَ لِغَيْرِي وَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ أُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّهَا مِنْ فِطْرَةِ اَلْعِيَالِ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِخَطِّهِ «قَبَضْتُ ».

Hadith.2083 - It is narrated by Muhammad ibn Isma'il ibn Bazi', who said: "I sent some dirhams to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (as) on behalf of myself and others, and I wrote to him informing him that it was for the Zakat al-Fitr of the dependents. Imam (as) wrote back in his own handwriting: 'I have received it.'"

2084 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلسَّكُونِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَدَّى زَكَاةَ اَلْفِطْرَةِ تَمَّمَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ بِهَا مَا نَقَصَ مِنْ زَكَاةِ مَالِهِ».

Hadith.2084 - In a narration from Al-Sakuni, with his chain of transmission, it is reported that Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whoever pays Zakat al-Fitr, Allah (swt) will complete with it whatever is lacking in the Zakat of his wealth."

2085 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَ زُرَارَةَ قَالاَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «إِنَّ مِنْ تَمَامِ اَلصَّوْمِ إِعْطَاءُ اَلزَّكَاةِ يَعْنِي اَلْفِطْرَةَ كَمَا أَنَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ عَلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مِنْ تَمَامِ اَلصَّلاَةِ لِأَنَّهُ مَنْ صَامَ وَ لَمْ يُؤَدِّ اَلزَّكَاةَ فَلاَ صَوْمَ لَهُ إِذَا تَرَكَهَا مُتَعَمِّداً وَ لاَ صَلاَةَ لَهُ إِذَا تَرَكَ اَلصَّلاَةَ عَلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ بَدَأَ بِهَا قَبْلَ اَلصَّلاَةِ قَالَ «۝ قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ تَزَكّٰى. `وَ ذَكَرَ اِسْمَ رَبِّهِ فَصَلّٰى ۝»

Hadith.2085 - It is narrated by Hammad ibn Isa, from Hariz, from Abu Basir and Zurara, who both said that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Indeed, completing the fast includes giving Zakat, meaning Zakat al-Fitr, just as sending blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) is part of completing the prayer. For whoever fasts but does not pay the Zakat (al-Fitr), their fast is not accepted if they intentionally neglect it. Similarly, whoever prays but does not send blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), their prayer is not complete. Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, has mentioned it (Zakat) before prayer, saying: 'He indeed is successful who purifies himself and remembers the name of his Lord (azj) and prays.' (Surah Al-A'la 87:14-15)

2086 - رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «لاَ اِعْتِكَافَ إِلاَّ بِصَوْمٍ فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلْجَامِعِ ».

Hadith.2086 - It is narrated by Al-Halabi from Abu Abdullah (as) that he said: "There is no valid i'tikaf (spiritual retreat) except with fasting and in a congregational mosque."

2087 - قَالَ: «وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا كَانَ اَلْعَشْرُ اَلْأَوَاخِرُ اِعْتَكَفَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ وَ ضُرِبَتْ لَهُ قُبَّةٌ مِنْ شَعْرٍ وَ شَمَّرَ اَلْمِئْزَرَ وَ طَوَى فِرَاشَهُ » وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ وَ اِعْتَزَلَ اَلنِّسَاءَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «أَمَّا اِعْتِزَالُ اَلنِّسَاءِ فَلاَ».

Hadith.2087 - It is narrated: "When the last ten nights of Month of Ramadan arrived, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) would perform i'tikaf in the mosque. A tent made of hair would be set up for him, he would tighten his waist wrap, and he would fold up his bedding." Some people said he would also avoid the company of women. Regarding this, Abu Abdullah (as) said: "As for avoiding women, no."

2088 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «كَانَتْ بَدْرٌ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمْ يَعْتَكِفْ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَلَمَّا أَنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَابِلٍ اِعْتَكَفَ عَشْرَيْنِ عَشْراً لِعَامِهِ وَ عَشْراً قَضَاءً لِمَا فَاتَهُ ».

Hadith.2088 - Abu Abdullah (as) said: "The Battle of Badr occurred in the Month of Ramadan, so the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) did not perform i'tikaf that year. However, in the following year, he performed i'tikaf for twenty days: ten days for that year's obligation and ten days as compensation for what he had missed."

2089 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي اَلاِعْتِكَافِ بِبَغْدَادَ فِي بَعْضِ مَسَاجِدِهَا قَالَ «لاَ تَعْتَكِفْ إِلاَّ فِي مَسْجِدِ جَمَاعَةٍ قَدْ صَلَّى فِيهِ إِمَامٌ عَدْلٌ جَمَاعَةً وَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُعْتَكَفَ فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلْكُوفَةِ وَ اَلْبَصْرَةِ وَ مَسْجِدِ اَلْمَدِينَةِ وَ مَسْجِدِ مَكَّةَ ».

Hadith.2089 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Umar ibn Yazid, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as): 'What do you say about performing i'tikaf in Baghdad in some of its mosques?' Imam (as) replied: 'Do not perform i'tikaf except in a congregational mosque where a just Imam has led the congregation in prayer. There is no harm in performing i'tikaf in the mosque of Kufa, the mosque of Basra, the mosque of Medina, and the mosque of Mecca.'"

2090 - وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ: «فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلْمَدَائِنِ ».

Hadith.2090 - It has also been narrated: "I'tikaf is permissible in the mosque of Al-Mada’in."

2091 - وَ رَوَى اَلْبَزَنْطِيُّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لاَ أَرَى اَلاِعْتِكَافَ إِلاَّ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلْحَرَامِ أَوْ مَسْجِدِ اَلرَّسُولِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَوْ فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلْجَامِعِ وَ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُعْتَكِفِ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلْجَامِعِ إِلاَّ لِحَاجَةٍ لاَ بُدَّ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ لاَ يَجْلِسُ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ وَ اَلْمَرْأَةُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ ».

Hadith.2091 - It is narrated by Al-Bazanti, from Dawud ibn Sirhan, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "I do not consider i'tikaf valid except in the Sacred Mosque (Masjid al-Haram), the Mosque of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), or a congregational mosque. The one performing i'tikaf should not leave the congregational mosque except for a necessity that cannot be avoided, and they should not sit until they return. The same applies to women."

2092 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اَلْمُعْتَكِفُ بِمَكَّةَ يُصَلِّي فِي أَيِّ بُيُوتِهَا شَاءَ سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْهِ صَلَّى فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ أَوْ فِي بُيُوتِهَا».

Hadith.2092 - In a narration from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdullah (as), it is reported: "The one performing i'tikaf in Mecca may pray in any of its houses; it is the same whether they pray in the mosque or in its houses."

2093 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اَلْمُعْتَكِفُ بِمَكَّةَ يُصَلِّي فِي أَيِّ بُيُوتِهَا شَاءَ وَ اَلْمُعْتَكِفُ فِي غَيْرِهَا لاَ يُصَلِّي إِلاَّ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلَّذِي سَمَّاهُ.

Hadith.2093 - In a narration from Mansur ibn Hazim, from Abu Abdullah (as), it is reported: "The one performing i'tikaf in Mecca may pray in any of its houses as they wish. However, the one performing i'tikaf elsewhere must pray only in the specific mosque designated for their i'tikaf."

2094 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ اَلْحَنَّاطِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اِمْرَأَةٍ كَانَ زَوْجُهَا غَائِباً فَقَدِمَ وَ هِيَ مُعْتَكِفَةٌ بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا فَخَرَجَتْ حِينَ بَلَغَهَا قُدُومُهُ مِنَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلَّذِي هِيَ فِيهِ فَتَهَيَّأَتْ لِزَوْجِهَا حَتَّى وَاقَعَهَا فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ خَرَجَتْ مِنَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَمْضِيَ ثَلاَثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَمْ تَكُنِ اِشْتَرَطَتْ فِي اِعْتِكَافِهَا فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا مَا عَلَى اَلْمُظَاهِرِ.

Hadith.2094 - It is narrated by Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Abu Walad Al-Hannat, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a woman whose husband was absent. While she was performing i'tikaf with her husband's permission, he returned, and upon hearing of his arrival, she left the mosque where she was performing i'tikaf, prepared herself for him, and engaged in intimacy with him. Imam (as) said: 'If she left the mosque before completing three days and had not stipulated any conditions for her i'tikaf, then she incurs the same penalty as that of one who has taken a vow of zihar (penalty for breaking a serious vow).'"

2095 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لاَ يَكُونُ اَلاِعْتِكَافُ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَ مَنِ اِعْتَكَفَ صَامَ وَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُعْتَكِفِ إِذَا اِعْتَكَفَ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ كَمَا يَشْتَرِطُ اَلَّذِي يُحْرِمُ ».

Hadith.2095 - It is narrated by Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Abu Ayyub, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "I'tikaf cannot be for less than three days. Whoever performs i'tikaf must fast, and it is appropriate for the one performing i'tikaf to make a stipulation, just as one who enters into ihram (for pilgrimage) makes a stipulation."

2096 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا اِعْتَكَفَ اَلرَّجُلُ يَوْماً وَ لَمْ يَكُنِ اِشْتَرَطَ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ وَ أَنْ يَفْسَخَ اِعْتِكَافَهُ وَ إِنْ أَقَامَ يَوْمَيْنِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنِ اِشْتَرَطَ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْسَخَ اِعْتِكَافَهُ حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ ثَلاَثَةُ أَيَّامٍ ».

Hadith.2096 - It is narrated by Abu Ayyub, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far (as), who said: "If a man begins i'tikaf for one day and has not made any stipulation, he is allowed to leave and break his i'tikaf. However, if he has completed two days without making a stipulation, he is not permitted to break his i'tikaf until three days have been completed."

2097 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اَلْمُعْتَكِفُ لاَ يَشَمُّ اَلطِّيبَ وَ لاَ يَتَلَذَّذُ بِالرَّيْحَانِ وَ لاَ يُمَارِي وَ لاَ يَشْتَرِي وَ لاَ يَبِيعُ» قَالَ «وَ مَنِ اِعْتَكَفَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَهُوَ يَوْمَ اَلرَّابِعِ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ زَادَ ثَلاَثَةً أُخْرَى وَ إِنْ شَاءَ خَرَجَ مِنَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَإِنْ أَقَامَ يَوْمَيْنِ بَعْدَ اَلثَّلاَثَةِ فَلاَ يَخْرُجْ مِنَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ حَتَّى يُتِمَّ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ ».

Hadith.2097 - It is narrated by Abu Ayyub, from Abu Ubaydah, from Abu Ja'far (as), who said: "The one performing i'tikaf must not smell perfume, enjoy fragrant plants, engage in argumentation, buy, or sell." Imam (as) further said: "Whoever performs i'tikaf for three days has the option on the fourth day: if they wish, they may continue for another three days, or if they wish, they may leave the mosque. However, if they stay for two days after the initial three, they must complete another three days and not leave the mosque until they have done so."

2098 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَعْتَكِفَ فَمَا ذَا أَقُولُ وَ مَا ذَا أَفْرِضُ عَلَى نَفْسِي فَقَالَ «لاَ تَخْرُجْ مِنَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ إِلاَّ لِحَاجَةٍ لاَ بُدَّ مِنْهَا وَ لاَ تَقْعُدْ تَحْتَ ظِلاَلٍ حَتَّى تَعُودَ إِلَى مَجْلِسِكَ.

Hadith.2098 - It is narrated from Dawud ibn Sirhan, who said: "I was in Medina during the Month of Ramadan, and I said to Abu Abdullah (as): 'I wish to perform i'tikaf. What should I say, and what should I make obligatory upon myself?' Imam (as) said: 'Do not leave the mosque except for an unavoidable necessity, and do not sit under any shade until you return to your place in the mosque.'"

2099 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُعْتَكِفِ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ إِلاَّ لِحَاجَةٍ لاَ بُدَّ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ لاَ يَجْلِسُ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ وَ لاَ يَخْرُجُ فِي شَيْءٍ إِلاَّ لِجَنَازَةٍ أَوْ يَعُودُ مَرِيضاً وَ لاَ يَجْلِسُ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ قَالَ وَ اِعْتِكَافُ اَلْمَرْأَةِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ.

Hadith.2099 - It is narrated by Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "It is not appropriate for the one performing i'tikaf to leave the mosque except for an unavoidable necessity, and they should not sit until they return. They should only leave for attending a funeral or visiting a sick person, and even then, they should not sit until they return to the mosque. The i'tikaf of a woman is the same as this."

2100 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا مَرِضَ اَلْمُعْتَكِفُ أَوْ طَمِثَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ اَلْمُعْتَكِفَةُ فَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِي بَيْتَهُ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُ إِذَا بَرَأَ وَ يَصُومُ ».

Hadith.2100 - In a narration from Safwan ibn Yahya, from Abdur-Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj, from Abu Abdullah (as), it is reported: "If the one performing i'tikaf falls ill, or if the woman performing i'tikaf experiences menstruation, they may return to their home. Once they recover, they should resume their i'tikaf and complete it while fasting."

2101 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلسَّكُونِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «اِعْتِكَافُ عَشْرٍ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ يَعْدِلُ حَجَّتَيْنِ وَ عُمْرَتَيْنِ».

Hadith.2101 - In a narration from Al-Sakuni, with his chain of transmission, it is reported that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Performing i'tikaf for ten days in the Month of Ramadan is equivalent to two Hajj and two Umrah."

2102 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمُعْتَكِفِ يُجَامِعُ قَالَ «إِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَعَلَيْهِ مَا عَلَى اَلْمُظَاهِرِ ». وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّهُ إِنْ جَامَعَ فِي اَللَّيْلِ فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ إِنْ جَامَعَ بِالنَّهَارِ فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَتَانِ.

Hadith.2102 - It is narrated by Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Ali ibn Ri'ab, from Zurara, who said: "I asked Abu Ja'far (as) about the ruling on an individual performing i'tikaf who engages in sexual relations. Imam (as) said: 'If they do so, they incur the same penalty as one who has taken a vow of zihar (atonement).'" It has also been narrated: "If they engage in sexual relations during the night, they must pay one expiation. However, if they engage in sexual relations during the day, they must pay two expiations."

2103 - رَوَى ذَلِكَ ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْأَعْلَى بْنِ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَطِئَ اِمْرَأَتَهُ وَ هُوَ مُعْتَكِفٌ لَيْلاً فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ اَلْكَفَّارَةُ» قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ وَطِئَهَا نَهَاراً قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَتَانِ ».

Hadith.2103 - It is narrated by Muhammad ibn Sinan, from Abdul-A‘la ibn A‘yan, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who engaged in sexual relations with his wife at night while performing i'tikaf during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: 'He must pay one expiation.' I then asked: 'What if he engaged in sexual relations during the day?' Imam (as) said: 'He must pay two expiations.'"

2104 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ مُعْتَكِفٍ وَاقَعَ أَهْلَهُ فَقَالَ «هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ».

Hadith.2104 - It is narrated by Ibn Al-Mughira, from Sama'ah, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a person performing i'tikaf who engaged in sexual relations with their spouse. Imam (as) said: 'They are like one who has broken their fast on a day of Month of Ramadan.'"

2105 - وَ رَوَى دَاوُدُ بْنُ اَلْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اِعْتَكَفَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأُولَى ثُمَّ اِعْتَكَفَ فِي اَلثَّانِيَةِ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْوُسْطَى ثُمَّ اِعْتَكَفَ فِي اَلثَّالِثَةِ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَعْتَكِفُ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ.

Hadith.2105 - It is narrated by Dawud ibn Al-Husayn, from Abu Al-Abbas, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) performed i'tikaf in the first ten days of Month of Ramadan, then in the second ten days (the middle ten), and then in the last ten days. After that, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) consistently performed i'tikaf in the last ten days of Month of Ramadan."

2106 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلْمُعْتَكِفَةِ إِذَا طَمِثَتْ قَالَ «تَرْجِعُ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا فَإِذَا طَهُرَتْ رَجَعَتْ فَقَضَتْ مَا عَلَيْهَا ».

Hadith.2106 - It is narrated by Ibn Mahbub, from Abu Ayyub, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a woman performing i'tikaf who experiences menstruation. Imam (as) said: "She should return to her home, and when she becomes pure, she should return and make up for what she missed."

2107 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ اَلْجَهْمِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمُعْتَكِفِ يَأْتِي أَهْلَهُ قَالَ «لاَ يَأْتِي اِمْرَأَتَهُ لَيْلاً وَ لاَ نَهَاراً وَ هُوَ مُعْتَكِفٌ ».

Hadith.2107 - It is narrated by Al-Hasan ibn Al-Jahm, from Abu Al-Hasan (as), who was asked about a person performing i'tikaf engaging in relations with their spouse. Imam (as) said: "They must not approach their wife, neither by night nor by day, while they are in i'tikaf."

2108 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مَيْمُونِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ جَالِساً عِنْدَ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا اِبْنَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ إِنَّ فُلاَناً لَهُ عَلَيَّ مَالٌ وَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَحْبِسَنِي فَقَالَ «وَ اَللَّهِ مَا عِنْدِي مَالٌ فَأَقْضِيَ عَنْكَ» قَالَ فَكَلِّمْهُ قَالَ فَلَبِسَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ نَعْلَهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا اِبْنَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ أَ نَسِيتَ اِعْتِكَافَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ «لَمْ أَنْسَ وَ لَكِنِّي سَمِعْتُ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ جَدِّي رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ «مَنْ سَعَى فِي حَاجَةِ أَخِيهِ اَلْمُسْلِمِ فَكَأَنَّمَا عَبَدَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ تِسْعَةَ آلاَفِ سَنَةٍ صَائِماً نَهَارَهُ قَائِماً لَيْلَهُ ».

Hadith.2108 - It is narrated from Maymun ibn Mihran, who said: "I was sitting with Imam Al-Hasan ibn Ali (as) when a man came to him and said, 'O son of the Messenger of Allah (swt), so-and-so has a debt against me, and he intends to imprison me.' Imam Al-Hasan (as) said: 'By Allah (swt), I have no money to repay your debt.' The man then said: 'Could you speak to him on my behalf?' Imam Al-Hasan (as) put on his sandals. I said to Imam (as): 'O son of the Messenger of Allah (swt), have you forgotten your i'tikaf?' Imam (as) replied: 'I have not forgotten. But I heard my father (as) narrating from my grandfather, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), who said: “Whoever strives to fulfill the need of his Muslim brother, it is as if he worshipped Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, for nine thousand years, fasting during the day and standing in prayer at night.”'