Book of Livelihood

3981 - رَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ يُشَابَ اَللَّبَنُ بِالْمَاءِ لِلْبَيْعِ".

Hadith.3981 - Isma'il ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) forbade mixing milk with water for sale."

3982 - قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "غَبْنُ اَلْمُسْتَرْسِلِ سُحْتٌ وَ غَبْنُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ حَرَامٌ".

Hadith.3982 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Defrauding the one who entrusts you is unlawful gain, and defrauding a believer is forbidden."

3983 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَمْرِو بْنِ جُمَيْعٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "غَبْنُ اَلْمُسْتَرْسِلِ رِبًا ".

Hadith.3983 - In a narration from Amr ibn Jameei, from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "Defrauding the one who entrusts you is usury."

3984 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِذَا قَالَ اَلرَّجُلُ لِلرَّجُلِ هَلُمَّ أَحْسِنْ بَيْعَكَ فَقَدْ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلرِّبْحُ ".

Hadith.3984 - Imam (as) said: "If a man says to another man, 'Come, I will improve your sale,' then it is forbidden for him to make a profit." [REFERENCES] Al-Kafi, Vol.5 p.152 • Man La Yahduruhu Al-Faqih, Vol.3 p.272 • Tahdhib Al-Ahkam, Vol.7 p.7 • Al-Wafi, Vol.17 p.457 • Wasa'il Al-Shi'ah, Vol.17 p.395 • Bihar Al-Anwar, Vol.100 p.136

3985 - قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ، لِزَيْنَبَ اَلْعَطَّارَةِ اَلْحَوْلاَءِ "إِذَا بِعْتِ فَأَحْسِنِي وَ لاَ تَغُشِّي فَإِنَّهُ أَنْقَى وَ أَبْقَى لِلْمَالِ ".

Hadith.3985 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said to Zaynab, the perfume seller, known as Al-Hawla': "When you sell, do so with excellence and do not deceive, for it is purer and more enduring for wealth."

3986 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ غَشَّ مُسْلِماً ".

Hadith.3986 - Imam (as) said: "He who deceives a Muslim is not from us."

3987 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ غَشَّ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ حُشِرَ مَعَ اَلْيَهُودِ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ لِأَنَّهُمْ أَغَشُّ اَلنَّاسِ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ".

Hadith.3987 - Imam (as) said: "Whoever deceives the Muslims will be resurrected with the Jews on the Day of Judgment, because they are the most deceitful people towards the Muslims."

3988 - قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "لاَ يَتَلَقَّى أَحَدُكُمْ طَعَاماً خَارِجاً مِنَ اَلْمِصْرِ وَ لاَ يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ذَرُوا اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ يَرْزُقِ اَللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ ".

Hadith.3988 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "None of you should intercept food outside the city, and no resident should sell on behalf of a visitor. Leave the Muslims so that Allah (swt) may provide for some of them through others."

3989 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مِنْهَالٍ اَلْقَصَّابِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ تَلَقِّي اَلْغَنَمِ فَقَالَ "لاَ تَلَقَّ وَ لاَ تَشْتَرِ مَا تُلُقِّيَ وَ لاَ تَأْكُلْ مِنْ لَحْمِ مَا تُلُقِّيَ".

Hadith.3989 - It is narrated from Minhal al-Qassab who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about intercepting sheep. Imam (as) said: "Do not intercept, do not buy what has been intercepted, and do not eat the meat of what has been intercepted."

3990 - وَ رُوِيَ : "أَنَّ حَدَّ اَلتَّلَقِّي رَوْحَةٌ فَإِذَا صَارَ إِلَى أَرْبَعِ فَرَاسِخَ فَهُوَ جَلْبٌ ".

Hadith.3990 - It is narrated: "The limit for intercepting is the distance of a short journey, but if it reaches four farsakhs, then it is considered transportation."

3991 - رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ اَلْمُخْتَارِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "دِرْهَمٌ رِبًا أَشَدُّ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ ثَلاَثِينَ زَنْيَةً كُلُّهَا بِذَاتِ مَحْرَمٍ مِثْلِ اَلْخَالَةِ وَ اَلْعَمَّةِ".

Hadith.3991 - Al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "One dirham of usury is more severe in the sight of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, than thirty acts of fornication, all of which are committed with forbidden relatives, such as a maternal aunt or a paternal aunt."

3992 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "دِرْهَمٌ رِبًا أَشَدُّ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ زَنْيَةً كُلِّهَا بِذَاتِ مَحْرَمٍ ".

Hadith.3992 - In a narration from Hisham ibn Salim, from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "One dirham of usury is more severe in the sight of Allah (swt) than seventy acts of fornication, all of which are committed with forbidden relatives."

3993 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "آكِلُ اَلرِّبَا وَ مُؤْكِلُهُ وَ كَاتِبُهُ وَ شَاهِدَاهُ فِي اَلْوِزْرِ سَوَاءٌ".

Hadith.3993 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "The one who consumes usury, the one who gives it, its recorder, and its two witnesses are equal in sin."

3994 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلرِّبَا وَ آكِلَهُ وَ مُؤْكِلَهُ وَ بَائِعَهُ وَ مُشْتَرِيَهُ وَ كَاتِبَهُ وَ شَاهِدَيْهِ".

Hadith.3994 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) cursed usury, its consumer, its giver, its seller, its buyer, its recorder, and its two witnesses."

3995 - وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ وَ مٰا آتَيْتُمْ مِنْ رِباً لِيَرْبُوَا فِي أَمْوٰالِ اَلنّٰاسِ فَلاٰ يَرْبُوا عِنْدَ اَللّٰهِ ۝ قَالَ "هُوَ هَدِيَّتُكَ إِلَى اَلرَّجُلِ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ اَلثَّوَابَ أَفْضَلَ مِنْهَا فَذَلِكَ رِبًا يُؤْكَلُ".

Hadith.3995 - Ibrahim ibn Umar narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "And whatever you give as usury so that it may increase in the wealth of people, it does not increase with Allah (swt)" (Surah Ar-Rum 30:39) Imam (as) said: "It is your gift to a man through which you seek a better return than it, and that is consumed as usury."

3996 - وَ رَوَى عُبَيْدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يَكُونُ اَلرِّبَا إِلاَّ فِيمَا يُكَالُ أَوْ يُوزَنُ ".

Hadith.3996 - Ubayd ibn Zurarah narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) who said: "Usury only applies to what is measured or weighed."

3997 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كُلُّ رِبًا أَكَلَهُ اَلنَّاسُ بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ تَابُوا فَإِنَّهُ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُمْ إِذَا عُرِفَتْ مِنْهُمُ اَلتَّوْبَةُ " وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً وَرِثَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ مَالاً وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ اَلْمَالِ رِبًا وَ لَكِنْ قَدِ اِخْتَلَطَ فِي اَلتِّجَارَةِ بِغَيْرِهِ فَإِنَّهُ لَهُ حَلاَلٌ طَيِّبٌ فَلْيَأْكُلْهُ وَ إِنْ عَرَفَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً مَعْزُولاً أَنَّهُ رِبًا فَلْيَأْخُذْ رَأْسَ مَالِهِ وَ لْيَرُدَّ اَلرِّبَا ".

Hadith.3997 - Imam (as) said: "Any usury that people consumed out of ignorance, and then they repented, it will be accepted from them once their repentance is recognized." And Imam (as) said: "If a man inherits wealth from his father and knows that there is usury in that wealth, but it has been mixed with other lawful trade, then it is permissible and pure for him to consume it. However, if he identifies a specific portion as usury, he should take his principal amount and return the usury."

3998 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ أَدَارَ مَالاً كَثِيراً قَدْ أَكْثَرَ فِيهِ مِنَ اَلرِّبَا فَجَهِلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ عَرَفَهُ بَعْدُ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْزِعَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ فَمَا مَضَى فَلَهُ وَ يَدَعُهُ فِيمَا يَسْتَأْنِفُ ".

Hadith.3998 - Imam (as) said: "If any man manages a large amount of wealth and has excessively engaged in usury unknowingly, then later becomes aware of it and wishes to remove it, what has already passed is permissible for him, but he must refrain from it in the future."

3999 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَتَى رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي وَرِثْتُ مَالاً وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُ اَلَّذِي وَرِثْتُهُ مِنْهُ قَدْ كَانَ يُرْبِي وَ قَدْ أَعْرِفُ أَنَّ فِيهِ رِبًا وَ أَسْتَيْقِنُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَيْسَ يَطِيبُ لِي حَلاَلُهُ لِحَالِ عِلْمِي فِيهِ وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ اَلْعِرَاقِ وَ أَهْلِ اَلْحِجَازِ فَقَالُوا لاَ يَحِلُّ لَكَ أَكْلُهُ مِنْ أَجْلِ مَا فِيهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ فِيهِ مَالاً مَعْرُوفاً رِبًا وَ تَعْرِفُ أَهْلَهُ فَخُذْ رَأْسَ مَالِكَ وَ رُدَّ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُخْتَلِطاً فَكُلْهُ هَنِيئاً مَرِيئاً فَإِنَّ اَلْمَالَ مَالُكَ وَ اِجْتَنِبْ مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ صَاحِبُهُ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَدْ وَضَعَ مَا مَضَى مِنَ اَلرِّبَا وَ حَرَّمَ مَا بَقِيَ فَمَنْ جَهِلَهُ وَسِعَهُ جَهْلُهُ حَتَّى يَعْرِفَهُ فَإِذَا عَرَفَ تَحْرِيمَهُ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ وَ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ اَلْعُقُوبَةُ إِذَا رَكِبَهُ كَمَا يَجِبُ عَلَى مَنْ يَأْكُلُ اَلرِّبَا" ".

Hadith.3999 - Imam (as) said: "A man came to Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) and said: "I have inherited wealth, and I know that the one from whom I inherited it used to engage in usury. I am certain that there is usury in it, and this knowledge makes even the lawful portion unpleasant for me. I have asked the jurists of Iraq and Hijaz, and they said it is not permissible for me to consume it because of what it contains." Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said to him: "If you know that there is a specific portion of it that is usury and you know its rightful owners, then take your principal amount and return what is beyond that. But if it is mixed, then consume it with ease and satisfaction, for the wealth is yours. Avoid what its previous owner used to do. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) forgave what has passed of usury and prohibited what remains. So whoever was ignorant of it, his ignorance is excused until he becomes aware of it. Once he knows it is prohibited, it becomes forbidden for him, and punishment becomes obligatory upon him if he engages in it, just as it is obligatory upon one who consumes usury."

4000 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "لَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ حَرْبِنَا رِبًا نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ وَ لاَ نُعْطِيهِمْ".

Hadith.4000 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "There is no usury between us and the people with whom we are at war; we take from them, but we do not give to them."

4001 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لَيْسَ بَيْنَ اَلرَّجُلِ وَ بَيْنَ وَلَدِهِ رِبًا وَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَ اَلسَّيِّدِ وَ بَيْنَ عَبْدِهِ رِبًا ".

Hadith.4001 - Imam (as) said: "There is no usury between a man and his child, and there is no usury between a master and his servant."

4002 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لَيْسَ بَيْنَ اَلْمُسْلِمِ وَ بَيْنَ اَلذِّمِّيِّ رِبًا وَ لاَ بَيْنَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ وَ بَيْنَ زَوْجِهَا رِبًا.

Hadith.4002 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "There is no usury between a Muslim and a Dhimmi, nor between a woman and her husband."

4003 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بَيَّاعِ اَلسَّابِرِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ اَلنَّاسَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ اَلرِّبْحَ عَلَى اَلْمُضْطَرِّ حَرَامٌ وَ هُوَ مِنَ اَلرِّبَا فَقَالَ "وَ هَلْ رَأَيْتَ أَحَداً اِشْتَرَى غَنِيّاً أَوْ فَقِيراً إِلاَّ مِنْ ضَرُورَةٍ يَا عُمَرُ قَدْ "أَحَلَّ اَللّٰهُ اَلْبَيْعَ وَ حَرَّمَ اَلرِّبٰا" فَارْبَحْ وَ لاَ تُرْبِهِ " قُلْتُ وَ مَا اَلرِّبَا قَالَ "دَرَاهِمُ بِدَرَاهِمَ مِثْلاَنِ بِمِثْلٍ".

Hadith.4003 - It is narrated from Umar ibn Yazid, the seller of Sabiri, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "May I be your ransom! People claim that making a profit from someone in distress is forbidden and is considered usury." Imam (as) said: "Have you ever seen anyone, whether rich or poor, buy something except out of necessity, O Umar? Indeed, 'Allah (swt) has permitted trade and forbidden usury.' So make a profit, but do not commit usury." I said: "What is usury?" Imam (as) said: "It is exchanging dirhams for dirhams of equal amount."

4004 - وَ رَوَى غِيَاثُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَرِهَ بَيْعَ اَللَّحْمِ بِالْحَيَوَانِ".

Hadith.4004 - Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) disliked the sale of meat in exchange for live animals.

4005 - وَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ اَلصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:۝ يَمْحَقُ اَللّٰهُ اَلرِّبٰا وَ يُرْبِي اَلصَّدَقٰاتِ۝ وَ قَدْ أَرَى مَنْ يَأْكُلُ اَلرِّبَا يَرْبُو مَالُهُ فَقَالَ "فَأَيُّ مَحْقٍ أَمْحَقُ مِنْ دِرْهَمٍ رِبًا يَمْحَقُ اَلدِّينَ فَإِنْ تَابَ مِنْهُ ذَهَبَ مَالُهُ وَ اِفْتَقَرَ".

Hadith.4005 - A man asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "Allah (swt) destroys usury and gives increase for charities." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:276). He asked: "Yet I see those who consume usury, and their wealth increases." Imam (as) replied: "Is there any destruction greater than a dirham of usury that destroys one's religion? If he repents from it, his wealth will vanish, and he will become poor."

4006 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ وَ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ مُخْتَلِفٍ أَوْ مَتَاعٍ أَوْ شَيْءٍ مِنَ اَلْأَشْيَاءِ يَتَفَاضَلُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِبَيْعِهِ مِثْلَيْنِ بِمِثْلٍ يَداً بِيَدٍ فَأَمَّا نَظِرَةً فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَصْلُحُ ".

Hadith.4006 - Aban narrated from Muhammad ibn Ali al-Halabi and Hammad ibn Uthman, from Ubaydullah ibn Ali al-Halabi, who said: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: "There is no harm in selling different types of food, goods, or items that vary in value, two for one, if it is done hand-to-hand. However, if it is done on credit, then it is not permissible."

4007 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "اَلْبَعِيرُ بِالْبَعِيرَيْنِ وَ اَلدَّابَّةُ بِالدَّابَّتَيْنِ يَداً بِيَدٍ لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ" وَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِالثَّوْبِ بِالثَّوْبَيْنِ يَداً بِيَدٍ وَ نَسِيئَةً إِذَا وَصَفْتَهُمَا ".

Hadith.4007 - Jamil ibn Darraj narrated from Zurarah, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "There is no harm in exchanging a camel for two camels or an animal for two animals, as long as it is done hand-to-hand." And Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in exchanging one garment for two garments, whether hand-to-hand or on credit, if you describe them."

4008 - وَ سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ بَيْعِ اَلْحَيَوَانِ اِثْنَيْنِ بِوَاحِدٍ - فَقَالَ "إِذَا سَمَّيْتَ اَلسِّنَّ فَلاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4008 - Sama'ah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about selling two animals for one. Imam (as) said: "If you specify their age, then there is no harm."

4009 - وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْعَبْدِ بِالْعَبْدَيْنِ وَ اَلْعَبْدِ بِالْعَبْدِ وَ اَلدَّرَاهِمِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِالْحَيَوَانِ كُلِّهَا يَداً بِيَدٍ".

Hadith.4009 - Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about exchanging one slave for two slaves, or one slave for another slave along with dirhams. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in exchanging all types of animals hand-to-hand."

4010 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ : عَنِ اَلْبَعِيرِ بِالْبَعِيرَيْنِ يَداً بِيَدٍ وَ نَسِيئَةً فَقَالَ "نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا سُمِّيَتِ اَلْأَسْنَانُ جَذَعَانَ أَوْ ثَنِيَّانَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَنِي فَخَطَطْتُ عَلَى اَلنَّسِيئَةِ لِأَنَّ اَلنَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ لاَ وَ إِنَّمَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ لِلتَّقِيَّةِ".

Hadith.4010 - Sa'id ibn Yasar asked him about exchanging one camel for two camels, whether hand-to-hand or on credit. Imam (as) said: "Yes, there is no harm if their ages are specified, whether they are young or mature." Then Imam (as) instructed me to strike out the mention of credit because people say it is not allowed, and Imam (as) only did that as a precaution (taqiyyah).

4011 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَسَا اَلنَّاسَ بِالْعِرَاقِ فَكَانَ فِي اَلْكِسْوَةِ حُلَّةٌ جَيِّدَةٌ فَسَأَلَهُ إِيَّاهَا اَلْحُسَيْنُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَأَبَى فَقَالَ اَلْحُسَيْنُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَنَا أُعْطِيكَ مَكَانَهَا حُلَّتَيْنِ" فَأَبَى فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُعْطِيهِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ خَمْساً فَأَخَذَهَا مِنْهُ ثُمَّ أَعْطَاهُ اَلْحُلَّةَ وَ جَعَلَ اَلْحُلَلَ فِي حَجْرِهِ فَقَالَ "لآَخُذَنَّ خَمْسَةً بِوَاحِدَةٍ" ".

Hadith.4011 - Aban narrated from Salamah, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that: Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) distributed clothing among the people in Iraq, and among the garments was a fine robe. Imam Hussain ibn Ali (as) asked him for it, but Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) refused. Imam Hussain ibn Ali (as) then said: "I will give you two robes in exchange for it." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) refused. Imam Hussain ibn Ali (as) continued offering until he reached five robes. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) then took the robes from him, gave him the fine robe, and placed the robes in his lap, saying: "I will take five in exchange for one."

4012 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "اَلدَّقِيقُ بِالْحِنْطَةِ وَ اَلسَّوِيقُ بِالدَّقِيقِ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ ".

Hadith.4012 - Jamil narrated from Zurarah, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "Flour in exchange for wheat, and parched flour in exchange for regular flour, if it is equal in measure, there is no harm in it."

4013 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "اَلْحِنْطَةُ وَ اَلشَّعِيرُ رَأْسٌ بِرَأْسٍ لاَ يُزَادُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا عَلَى اَلْآخَرِ".

Hadith.4013 - Abu Basir narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Wheat and barley should be exchanged one for one, and neither of them should exceed the other."

4014 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنِ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ اَلتَّمْرِ وَ اَلزَّبِيبِ فَقَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ شَيْءٌ مِنْهُ اِثْنَانِ بِوَاحِدٍ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَصْرِفَهُ مِنْ نَوْعٍ إِلَى نَوْعٍ آخَرَ فَإِذَا صَرَفْتَهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ اِثْنَانِ بِوَاحِدٍ وَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.4014 - Sama'ah asked him about food, dates, and raisins. Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible to exchange two for one of any of these, except if you change it from one type to another. When you change it, then there is no harm in exchanging two for one or even more than that."

4015 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "يَكْرَهُ وَسْقاً مِنْ تَمْرِ اَلْمَدِينَةِ بِوَسْقَيْنِ مِنْ تَمْرِ خَيْبَرَ لِأَنَّ تَمْرَ اَلْمَدِينَةِ أَجْوَدُهُمَا " قَالَ "وَ كَرِهَ أَنْ يُبَاعَ اَلتَّمْرُ بِالرُّطَبِ عَاجِلاً بِمِثْلِ كَيْلِهِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّ اَلرُّطَبَ يَيْبَسُ فَيَنْقُصُ مِنْ كَيْلِهِ ".

Hadith.4015 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Qays, who said: I heard Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say: "It is disliked to exchange one wasq of dates from Medina for two wasqs of dates from Khaybar, because the dates of Medina are of better quality." Imam (as) also said: "It is disliked to sell dates in exchange for fresh dates, even if measured equally, with a delayed payment, because fresh dates dry out and decrease in volume."

4016 - وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، أَخَاهُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَعْطَى عَبْدَهُ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ عَلَى أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ اَلْعَبْدُ كُلَّ شَهْرٍ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ أَ يَحِلُّ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4016 - Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a man who gave his servant ten dirhams on the condition that the servant would pay back ten dirhams each month. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

4017 - وَ - سَأَلَ دَاوُدُ بْنُ اَلْحُصَيْنِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلشَّاةِ بِالشَّاتَيْنِ وَ اَلْبَيْضَةِ بِالْبَيْضَتَيْنِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مَكِيلاً أَوْ مَوْزُوناً".

Hadith.4017 - Dawud ibn al-Husayn asked Abu Abdullah (as) about exchanging one sheep for two sheep and one egg for two eggs. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm, as long as it is not something measured or weighed."

4018 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِمُعَاوَضَةِ اَلْمَتَاعِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ كَيْلاً وَ لاَ وَزْناً".

Hadith.4018 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in exchanging goods, as long as they are not measured or weighed."

4019 - وَ رَوَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ يَجِيئُنِي اَلرَّجُلُ يَطْلُبُ بَيْعَ اَلْحَرِيرِ مِنِّي وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ فَيُقَاوِلُنِي وَ أُقَاوِلُهُ فِي اَلرِّبْحِ وَ اَلْأَجَلِ حَتَّى نَجْتَمِعَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ ثُمَّ أَذْهَبُ فَأَشْتَرِي لَهُ وَ أَدْعُوهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ "أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ وَجَدَ بَيْعاً هُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ مِمَّا عِنْدَكَ أَ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ إِلَيْهِ وَ يَدَعَكَ أَوْ وَجَدْتَ أَنْتَ ذَلِكَ أَ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَنْصَرِفَ عَنْهُ وَ تَدَعَهُ" قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4019 - Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): I said to Imam (as), "A man comes to me asking to buy silk, but I do not have any. We negotiate about profit and payment terms until we agree on something. Then I go and buy it for him and invite him to complete the transaction." Imam (as) said: "What if he finds another deal that he prefers over what you have, can he leave you and go for it? Or if you find a better deal, can you leave him and pursue it?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "Then there is no harm."

4020 - وَ سَأَلَهُ أَبُو اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيُّ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ مِائَةَ مَنٍّ صُفْراً بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ مَا اُشْتُرِيَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا أَوْفَاهُ اَلْوَزْنَ اَلَّذِي اُشْتُرِطَ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.4020 - Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani asked Imam (as) about a man who bought one hundred mann of brass for a specified price, while the seller did not possess the quantity sold at the time of the transaction. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm as long as he delivers the specified weight that was agreed upon."

4021 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ اَلْحَجَّاجِ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ وَ يَشْتَرِي مِنْهُ حَالاًّ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنَّهُمْ يُفْسِدُونَهُ عِنْدَنَا قَالَ "فَأَيَّ شَيْءٍ يَقُولُونَ فِي اَلسَّلَمِ" قُلْتُ لاَ يَرَوْنَ فِيهِ بَأْساً يَقُولُونَ هَذَا إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَإِذَا كَانَ إِلَى غَيْرِ أَجَلٍ وَ لَيْسَ هُوَ عِنْدَ صَاحِبِهِ فَلاَ يَصْلُحُ فَقَالَ "إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ أَجَلٌ كَانَ أَحَقَّ بِهِ" ثُمَّ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلطَّعَامَ وَ لَيْسَ هُوَ عِنْدَ صَاحِبِهِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ وَ حَالاًّ لاَ يُسَمِّي لَهُ أَجَلاً إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْعاً لاَ يُوجَدُ مِثْلُ اَلْعِنَبِ وَ اَلْبِطِّيخِ وَ شِبْهِهِ فِي غَيْرِ زَمَانِهِ فَلاَ يَنْبَغِي شِرَاءُ ذَلِكَ حَالاًّ".

Hadith.4021 - Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj asked Imam (as) about a man who buys food from another man who does not have it in his possession and buys it immediately (without delay). Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." I said: "But they consider it invalid among us." Imam (as) said: "What do they say about salam (forward contracts)?" I said: "They see no harm in it because it is for a specified term. However, if it is without a specified term and not in the seller's possession, they say it is invalid." Imam (as) said: "If there is no specified term, then it is even more justified." Then Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in a man buying food that is not in the seller's possession, whether on credit or immediately, without specifying a term, unless it is for items that are not commonly available, such as grapes, melons, and similar goods outside their season. In such cases, it is not proper to buy them immediately."

4022 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ بَاعَ سِلْعَةً فَقَالَ إِنَّ ثَمَنَهَا كَذَا وَ كَذَا يَداً بِيَدٍ وَ ثَمَنُهَا كَذَا وَ كَذَا نَظِرَةً فَخُذْهَا بِأَيِّ ثَمَنٍ شِئْتَ وَ اِجْعَلْ صَفْقَتَهَا وَاحِدَةً " فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ لَهُ إِلاَّ أَقَلُّهُمَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ نَظِرَةً ".

Hadith.4022 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Whoever sells a commodity and says, 'Its price is such and such if paid immediately, and its price is such and such if paid later,' then take it at whichever price you wish and make it a single transaction." Then Imam (as) said: "He is only entitled to the lower price, even if it is on credit."

4023 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "فِي رَجُلٍ أَمَرَهُ نَفَرٌ أَنْ يَبْتَاعَ لَهُمْ بَعِيراً بِوَرِقٍ وَ يَزِيدُونَهُ فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ نَظِرَةً فَابْتَاعَ لَهُمْ بَعِيراً وَ مَعَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ فَمَنَعَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُمْ فَوْقَ وَرِقِهِ نَظِرَةً".

Hadith.4023 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said regarding a man who was instructed by a group to buy a camel for them with silver and to charge them extra for deferred payment. He bought the camel for them, and one of them was with him. Imam (as) prohibited him from taking more than the silver amount for the deferred payment.

4024 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ إِنَّا نُخَالِطُ نَفَراً مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلسَّوَادِ فَنُقْرِضُهُمُ اَلْقَرْضَ وَ يَصْرِفُونَ إِلَيْنَا غَلاَّتِهِمْ فَنَبِيعُهَا لَهُمْ بِأَجْرٍ وَ لَنَا فِي ذَلِكَ مَنْفَعَةٌ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ" وَ لاَ أَعْلَمُهُ إِلاَّ قَالَ وَ لَوْ لاَ مَا يَصْرِفُونَ إِلَيْنَا مِنْ غَلاَّتِهِمْ لَمْ نُقْرِضْهُمْ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4024 - Jamil ibn Darraj narrated from a man who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "May Allah (swt) rectify your affairs. We interact with some people from the countryside, and we lend them loans. They deliver their crops to us, and we sell them for a fee, and we benefit from this arrangement." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." And I believe he also said: "If it were not for the crops they deliver to us, we would not lend to them." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

4025 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَسْتَقْرِضُ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ اَلْبِيضَ عَدَداً وَ يَقْضِي سُوداً وَزْناً وَ قَدْ عَرَفَ أَنَّهَا أَثْقَلُ مِمَّا أَخَذَ وَ تَطِيبُ بِهَا نَفْسُهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَهُ فَضْلَهَا قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ شَرْطٌ وَ لَوْ وَهَبَهَا لَهُ كُلَّهَا صَلَحَ".

Hadith.4025 - Ibn Muskan narrated from al-Halabi, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who borrows a specified amount of white dirhams and repays them with black dirhams by weight, knowing that they are heavier than what he borrowed, and he willingly gives the extra weight. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it as long as it is not a condition. Even if he gifted him all of it, it would be permissible."

4026 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ اَلْحَجَّاجِ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَسْتَقْرِضُ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلدِّرْهَمَ فَيَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ اَلْمِثْقَالَ أَوْ يَسْتَقْرِضُ اَلْمِثْقَالَ فَيَرُدُّ اَلدِّرْهَمَ قَالَ "إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ شَرَطَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ وَ ذَلِكَ هُوَ اَلْفَضْلُ إِنَّ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ يَسْتَقْرِضُ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ اَلْفُسُولَةَ فَيُدْخِلُ مِنْ غَلَّتِهِ اَلْجِيَادَ فَيَقُولُ "يَا بُنَيَّ رُدَّهَا عَلَى اَلَّذِي اِسْتَقْرَضْنَا مِنْهُ" فَأَقُولُ يَا أَبَتِ إِنَّ دَرَاهِمَهُ كَانَتْ فُسُولَةً وَ هَذِهِ أَجْوَدُ مِنْهَا فَيَقُولُ "يَا بُنَيَّ هَذَا هُوَ اَلْفَضْلُ فَأَعْطِهَا إِيَّاهُ" ".

Hadith.4026 - Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj asked him about a man who borrows a dirham and repays it with a mithqal (a weight of gold), or borrows a mithqal and repays it with a dirham. Imam (as) said: "If it was not stipulated as a condition, then there is no harm. This is considered a favor." Imam (as) further said: "My father (as) used to borrow inferior dirhams and then, from his earnings, would return better-quality ones. He (as) would say, 'O my son (as), return these to the one from whom we (as) borrowed.' I said: 'O my father (as), his dirhams were inferior, and these are of better quality.' Imam (as) replied: 'O my son (as), this is a favor, so give them to him.'"

4027 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ عِنْدَ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلْمَالُ فَيُعْطِيهِ قَرْضاً فَيَطُولُ مَكْثُهُ عِنْدَ اَلرَّجُلِ لاَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ مِنْهُ مَنْفَعَةٌ فَيُنِيلُهُ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلشَّيْءَ بَعْدَ اَلشَّيْءِ كَرَاهَةَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مَالَهُ حَيْثُ لاَ يُصِيبُ مِنْهُ مَنْفَعَةً يَحِلُّ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُونَا شَرَطَاهُ".

Hadith.4027 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated: I said to Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)): "A man has some money with another man as a loan, and it remains with him for a long time without providing any benefit to the owner. So the borrower occasionally gives the lender something out of courtesy, to avoid returning the money without any benefit. Is this permissible for him?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm, as long as they did not stipulate it as a condition."

4028 - وَ رَوَى شِهَابُ بْنُ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّ رَجُلًا جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَسْأَلُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ عِنْدَهُ سَلَفٌ‌ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عِنْدِي فَقَالَ أَعْطِهِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَوْسَاقٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَتَقَاضَاهُ فَقَالَ يَكُونُ فَأُعْطِيكَ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَالَ يَكُونُ فَأُعْطِيكَ‌ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَالَ يَكُونُ فَأُعْطِيكَ فَقَالَ أَكْثَرْتَ‌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَضَحِكَ وَ قَالَ عِنْدَ مَنْ سَلَفٌ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ عِنْدِي فَقَالَ كَمْ عِنْدَكَ قَالَ مَا شِئْتَ فَقَالَ أَعْطِهِ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَوْسَاقٍ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ إِنَّمَا لِي أَرْبَعَةٌ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ أَرْبَعَةٌ أَيْضاً.

Hadith.4028 - Shihab ibn Abd Rabbih narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) who said: I heard Imam (as) say that a man came to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) asking for help. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "Who has a loan (to give)?" One of the Muslims said: "I have." So the Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "Give him four wasqs of dates." The man gave him the dates. Later, the man came back to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) asking for repayment. The Prophet (sw) said: "It will be provided, and I will give it to you." He returned again, and the Prophet (sw) said: "It will be provided, and I will give it to you." He came back once more, and the Prophet (sw) repeated: "It will be provided, and I will give it to you." The man then said: "You have asked too much, O Messenger of Allah (swt)." The Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) laughed and said: "Who has a loan (to give)?" A man stood up and said: "I have." The Prophet (sw) asked: "How much do you have?" He said: "As much as you wish." The Prophet (sw) said: "Give him eight wasqs." The man said: "I only owe four." The Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) replied: "And four more as well."

4029 - وَ سَأَلَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ‌ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَسْتَقْرِضُ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ قَرْضاً وَ يُعْطِيهِ الرَّهْنَ إِمَّا خَادِماً وَ إِمَّا آنِيَةً وَ إِمَّا ثِيَاباً فَيَحْتَاجُ إِلَى الشَّيْ‌ءِ مِنْ أَمْتِعَتِهِ فَيَسْتَأْذِنُهُ فِيهِ فَيَأْذَنُ لَهُ قَالَ إِنْ طَابَتْ نَفْسُهُ لَهُ فَلَا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا يَرْوُونَ أَنَّ كُلَّ قَرْضٍ جَرَّ مَنْفَعَةً فَهُوَ فَاسِدٌ فَقَالَ أَ وَ لَيْسَ خَيْرُ الْقَرْضِ مَا جَرَّ مَنْفَعَةً.

Hadith.4029 - Muhammad ibn Muslim asked him about a man who borrows a loan from another man and gives him collateral, either a servant, a vessel, or clothing. Later, the borrower needs something from his belongings and seeks permission from the lender, who grants it. Imam (as) said: "If the lender willingly allows it, then there is no harm." I said: "Those among us narrate that any loan that brings benefit is invalid." Imam (as) replied: "Isn't the best loan the one that brings benefit?"

4030 - وَ سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ الدَّرَاهِمُ وَ الْمَالُ فَيَدْعُوهُ إِلَى طَعَامِهِ أَوْ يُهْدِي لَهُ الْهَدِيَّةَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌.

Hadith.4030 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) was asked about a man who has dirhams or wealth owed to him by another man, and he invites him to his meal or gives him a gift. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm."

4031 - وَ- سَأَلَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُقْرِضُ الرَّجُلَ الدَّرَاهِمَ الْغِلَّةَ فَيَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ الدَّرَاهِمَ الطَّازَجِيَّةَ طَيِّبَةً بِهَا نَفْسُهُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌ وَ ذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ.

Hadith.4031 - Ya'qub ibn Shu'ayb asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who lends dirhams of lower quality and then receives better-quality dirhams in return, with the borrower's consent. He (as) said: "There is no harm in it." And this was also narrated from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as).

3934 - رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْلَفْتُهُ دَرَاهِمَ فِي طَعَامٍ فَلَمَّا حَلَّ طَعَامِي عَلَيْهِ بَعَثَ إِلَيَّ بِدَرَاهِمَ وَ قَالَ اِشْتَرِ لِنَفْسِكَ طَعَاماً وَ اِسْتَوْفِ حَقَّكَ فَقَالَ "أَرَى أَنْ تُوَلِّيَ ذَلِكَ غَيْرَكَ وَ تَقُومَ مَعَهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَ اَلَّذِي لَكَ وَ لاَ تَوَلَّ أَنْتَ شِرَاءَهُ".

Hadith.3934 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as): Imam (as) was asked about a man to whom I had lent dirhams in advance for food. When the time came for me to receive the food, he sent me dirhams and said: "Buy food for yourself and settle your due." Imam (as) said: "I think you should appoint someone else to handle the purchase on your behalf and accompany him until you receive what is owed to you. Do not handle the purchase yourself."

3935 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُسْلِمُ فِي اَلْحِنْطَةِ أَوِ اَلتَّمْرِ مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ فَيَأْتِي صَاحِبُهُ، حِينَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ اَلدَّيْنُ فَيَقُولُ وَ اَللَّهِ مَا عِنْدِي إِلاَّ نِصْفُ اَلَّذِي لَكَ فَخُذْ مِنِّي إِنْ شِئْتَ بِنِصْفِ اَلَّذِي لَكَ حِنْطَةً وَ نِصْفاً وَرِقاً فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا أَخَذَ مِنْهُ اَلْوَرِقَ كَمَا أَعْطَاهُ، " قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ جُلَّةٌ مِنْ بُسْرٍ فَآخُذُ مِنْهُ جُلَّةً مِنْ رُطَبٍ مَكَانَهَا وَ هِيَ أَقَلُّ مِنْهَا قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ" قُلْتُ فَيَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ جُلَّةٌ مِنْ بُسْرٍ فَآخُذُ مَكَانَهَا جُلَّةً مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَ هِيَ أَكْثَرُ مِنْهَا قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا كَانَ مَعْرُوفاً بَيْنَكُمَا" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى اَلْآخَرِ مِائَةُ كُرٍّ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَ لَهُ نَخْلٌ فَيَأْتِيهِ فَيَقُولُ أَعْطِنِي نَخْلَكَ هَذَا بِمَا عَلَيْكَ فَكَأَنَّهُ كَرِهَهُ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى اَلْآخَرِ أَحْمَالٌ مِنْ رُطَبٍ أَوْ تَمْرٍ فَيَبْعَثُ إِلَيْهِ بِدَنَانِيرَ فَيَقُولُ اِشْتَرِ بِهَذِهِ وَ اِسْتَوْفِ مِنْهُ اَلَّذِي لَكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا اِئْتَمَنَهُ".

Hadith.3935 - Safwan bin Yahya narrated from Ya'qub bin Shu'ayb, who said: I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who makes an advance payment of 100 dirhams for wheat or dates. When the debt becomes due, the seller says, "By Allah (swt), I only have half of what is owed to you. Take half in wheat and the other half in cash if you wish." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if he takes the cash just as he had given it." He continued: I asked Imam (as) about a man who owes me a basket of ripe dates, and I take instead a basket of fresh dates, which is less in quantity. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that." I then asked: "What if I take instead a basket of dried dates, which is more in quantity?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm as long as it is mutually agreed upon." I also asked Imam (as) about a man who owes another 100 measures of dates, and the creditor offers to take the debtor's palm trees as payment. Imam (as) seemed to dislike this. I then asked Imam (as) about a man who is owed loads of fresh or dried dates and sends dinars to the debtor, saying, "Buy with these and settle my debt." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if he trusts him."

3936 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُسْلِمُ فِي غَيْرِ زَرْعٍ وَ لاَ نَخْلٍ قَالَ "يُسَمِّي كَيْلاً مَعْلُوماً إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلسَّلَمِ فِي اَلْحَيَوَانِ وَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ يَرْتَهِنَ اَلرَّجُلُ بِمَالِهِ رَهْناً قَالَ "نَعَمْ اِسْتَوْثِقْ مِنْ مَالِكَ".

Hadith.3936 - Safwan bin Yahya narrated from Abdullah bin Sinan, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who makes a forward contract (salam) for something other than crops or dates. Imam (as) said: "He should specify a known measure and set a fixed time for delivery." I also asked Imam (as) about making a forward contract for livestock or food and whether the creditor can take collateral for his money. Imam (as) said: "Yes, secure your wealth properly."

3937 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ دَرَاهِمُ مِنْ ثَمَنِ غَنَمٍ اِشْتَرَاهَا مِنْهُ فَأَتَى اَلطَّالِبُ اَلْمَطْلُوبَ يَتَقَاضَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ اَلْمَطْلُوبُ أَبِيعُكَ هَذِهِ اَلْغَنَمَ بِدَرَاهِمِكَ اَلَّتِي لَكَ عِنْدِي فَرَضِيَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3937 - It is narrated from Mansur bin Hazim, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "A man owed another man dirhams for the price of sheep he had bought from him. The creditor came to demand payment, and the debtor said: 'I will sell you these sheep for the dirhams I owe you.' The creditor agreed." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3938 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْلَفَ فِي شَيْءٍ يُسْلِفُ اَلنَّاسُ فِيهِ مِنَ اَلثِّمَارِ فَذَهَبَ ثِمَارُهَا وَ لَمْ يَسْتَوْفِ سَلَفَهُ قَالَ "فَلْيَأْخُذْ رَأْسَ مَالِهِ أَوْ لِيُنْظِرْهُ".

Hadith.3938 - It is narrated from Abdullah bin Bukayr, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who made an advance payment (salam) for something that people typically make advance payments for, such as fruits, but the fruits were destroyed, and he did not receive what was due. Imam (as) said: "Let him take back his principal amount, or he may grant the debtor more time."

3939 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ اَلْعِيصِ بْنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْلَفَ رَجُلاً دَرَاهِمَ بِحِنْطَةٍ حَتَّى إِذَا حَضَرَ اَلْأَجَلُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ طَعَامٌ وَ وَجَدَ عِنْدَهُ دَوَابّاً [دَوَابَّ] وَ رَقِيقاً وَ مَتَاعاً أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ عُرُوضِهِ تِلْكَ بِطَعَامِهِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ يُسَمِّي كَذَا وَ كَذَا بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا صَاعاً".

Hadith.3939 - Safwan bin Yahya narrated from Al-Ays bin Al-Qasim, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who had advanced dirhams to another man for wheat. When the due date arrived, the debtor did not have any food but had animals, slaves, and goods. I asked: "Is it permissible for him to take these items in place of the wheat owed to him?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, he may specify such and such items for such and such a measure."

3940 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ حَدِيدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي اَلْجُلُودَ مِنَ اَلْقَصَّابِ فَيُعْطِيهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ شَيْئاً مَعْلُوماً فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3940 - It is narrated from Hadid bin Hakim, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "A man buys hides from a butcher and pays him a fixed amount every day." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3941 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُسْلِفُ اَلرَّجُلَ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ يَنْقُدُهَا إِيَّاهُ بِأَرْضٍ أُخْرَى قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3941 - It is narrated from Aban that Imam (as) said regarding a man who advances dirhams to another man and pays him in another land. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3942 - وَ - سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنِ اَلرَّهْنِ يُرْهِنُهُ اَلرَّجُلُ فِي سَلَمٍ إِذَا أَسْلَمَ فِي طَعَامٍ أَوْ مَتَاعٍ أَوْ حَيَوَانٍ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ تَسْتَوْثِقَ مِنْ مَالِكَ".

Hadith.3942 - Sama'ah asked him about a pledge (rahn) that a man gives as security in a salam transaction when he advances payment for food, goods, or animals. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in securing your wealth."

3943 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلسَّلَمِ فِي اَلْحَيَوَانِ فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ" فَقُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ أَسْلَمَ فِي أَسْنَانٍ مَعْلُومَةٍ أَوْ شَيْءٍ مَعْلُومٍ مِنَ اَلرَّقِيقِ فَأَعْطَاهُ دُونَ شَرْطِهِ أَوْ فَوْقَهُ بِطِيبَةِ نَفْسٍ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3943 - Ali bin Abi Hamzah narrated from Abu Basir, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about salam transactions involving animals. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." I then asked: "What if he specifies particular ages or certain characteristics of slaves and delivers something less or more than the condition agreed upon, with mutual consent?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3944 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ بَاعَ طَعَاماً بِدَرَاهِمَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ اَلْأَجَلُ تَقَاضَاهُ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي دَرَاهِمُ خُذْ مِنِّي طَعَاماً قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِنَّمَا لَهُ دَرَاهِمُ يَأْخُذُ بِهَا مَا شَاءَ".

Hadith.3944 - Aban narrated from Ya'qub bin Shu'ayb, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who sold food for dirhams. When the payment became due, he demanded his money, but the buyer said: "I do not have dirhams; take food instead." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that. He is entitled to dirhams, and he may take whatever he wishes in exchange for them."

3945 - وَ رَوَى عُبَيْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْلَمَ دَرَاهِمَ فِي خَمْسَةِ مَخَاتِيمِ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ شَعِيرٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى وَ كَانَ اَلَّذِي عَلَيْهِ اَلْحِنْطَةُ وَ اَلشَّعِيرُ لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يَقْضِيَهُ جَمِيعَ اَلَّذِي حَلَّ فَشَاءَ صَاحِبُ اَلْحَقِّ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ نِصْفَ اَلطَّعَامِ أَوْ ثُلُثَهُ أَوْ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ وَ يَأْخُذَ رَأْسَ مَالِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ دَرَاهِمَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلزَّعْفَرَانِ يُسْلِفُ فِيهِ اَلرَّجُلُ دَرَاهِمَ فِي عِشْرِينَ مِثْقَالاً أَوْ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرِ اَلَّذِي عَلَيْهِ اَلزَّعْفَرَانُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ جَمِيعَ مَالِهِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ نِصْفَ حَقِّهِ أَوْ ثُلُثَهُ أَوْ ثُلُثَيْهِ وَ يَأْخُذَ رَأْسَ مَالِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ حَقِّهِ دَرَاهِمَ".

Hadith.3945 - Ubaydullah bin Ali Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): Imam (as) was asked about a man who lent dirhams in advance for five measures of wheat or barley until a specified time. When the payment became due, the debtor was unable to repay the full amount of wheat or barley. The creditor wanted to take half, a third, or less or more of the food, and receive the remaining amount in dirhams equivalent to the value of the rest. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that." Imam (as) was also asked about saffron, where a man lent dirhams in advance for twenty mithqals, or more or less. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if the debtor cannot deliver the full amount of saffron. The creditor may take half, a third, or two-thirds of his right and receive the remaining value of what is owed in dirhams."

3946 - وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُسْلِفُ فِي اَلْغَنَمِ ثُنْيَانٍ وَ جُذْعَانٍ وَ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرِ اَلَّذِي عَلَيْهِ اَلْغَنَمُ عَلَى جَمِيعِ اَلَّذِي عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ صَاحِبُ اَلْغَنَمِ نِصْفَهَا أَوْ ثُلُثَهَا أَوْ ثُلُثَيْهَا وَ يَأْخُذَ رَأْسَ مَالِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ اَلْغَنَمِ دَرَاهِمَ وَ يَأْخُذَ دُونَ شَرْطِهِمْ وَ لاَ يَأْخُذْ فَوْقَ شَرْطِهِمْ" قَالَ "وَ اَلْأَكْسِيَةُ أَيْضاً مِثْلُ اَلْحِنْطَةِ وَ اَلشَّعِيرِ وَ اَلزَّعْفَرَانِ وَ اَلْغَنَمِ".

Hadith.3946 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who lends in advance for sheep, both two-year-olds and younger ones, until a specified time. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if the debtor cannot deliver all the sheep he owes. The creditor may take half, a third, or two-thirds of the sheep, and receive the remaining value of what is owed in dirhams. He should take less than what was agreed upon, but must not take more than their agreed value." Imam (as) added: "This ruling also applies to garments, just as it applies to wheat, barley, saffron, and sheep."

3947 - وَ رَوَى اَلْوَشَّاءُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّجُلِ إِسْلاَفُ اَلسَّمْنِ بِالزَّيْتِ وَ لاَ اَلزَّيْتِ بِالسَّمْنِ ".

Hadith.3947 - Al-Washsha' narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, who said: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: "It is not proper for a man to lend ghee in exchange for oil, nor oil in exchange for ghee."

3948 - وَ رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلسَّلَفِ فِي اَللَّحْمِ قَالَ "لاَ تَقْرَبَنَّهُ فَإِنَّهُ يُعْطِيكَ مَرَّةً اَلسَّمِينَ وَ مَرَّةً اَلتَّاوِيَ وَ مَرَّةً اَلْمَهْزُولَ فَاشْتَرِهِ مُعَايَنَةً يَداً بِيَدٍ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلسَّلَفِ فِي رَوَايَا اَلْمَاءِ فَقَالَ "لاَ فَإِنَّهُ يُعْطِيكَ مَرَّةً نَاقِصَةً وَ مَرَّةً كَامِلَةً وَ لَكِنِ اِشْتَرِهَا مُعَايَنَةً فَهَذَا أَسْلَمُ لَكَ وَ لَهُ".

Hadith.3948 - Amr ibn Shimr narrated from Jabir, who reported: Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) was asked about lending meat in advance. Imam (as) said: "Do not approach it, for sometimes he may give you fat meat, sometimes lean meat, and sometimes emaciated meat. Instead, buy it through direct observation, hand-to-hand." Imam (as) was also asked about lending water carriers (skins). Imam (as) said: "No, for sometimes he may give you an incomplete one and sometimes a complete one. Rather, buy them through direct observation, for this is safer for you and for him."

3949 - وَ رَوَى وَهْبُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يُسْلَفَ مَا يُوزَنُ فِيمَا يُكَالُ وَ مَا يُكَالُ فِيمَا يُوزَنُ".

Hadith.3949 - Wahb ibn Wahb narrated from Ja'far ibn Muhammad from his father (as): Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "There is no harm in advancing payment for what is weighed in exchange for what is measured, and for what is measured in exchange for what is weighed."

3950 - وَ رَوَى غِيَاثُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِالسَّلَمِ بِكَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَ لاَ يُسْلَمُ إِلَى دِيَاسٍ وَ لاَ حَصَادٍ ".

Hadith.3950 - Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as): "There is no harm in a Salam contract with a specified measure and a fixed time, but it should not be made conditional upon threshing or harvesting."

3951 - وَ رَوَى اَلنَّضْرُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ فِي اَلطَّعَامِ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ طَعَامٌ وَ لاَ حَيَوَانٌ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ إِذَا جَاءَ اَلْأَجَلُ اِشْتَرَاهُ وَ أَوْفَاهُ قَالَ "إِذَا ضَمِنَهُ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَلاَ بَأْسَ" قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ أَوْفَانِي بَعْضاً وَ أَخَّرَ بَعْضاً أَ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "نَعَمْ".

Hadith.3951 - Al-Nadr narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as): "Is it permissible to enter into a Salam contract for food with a man who does not currently possess the food or livestock, but promises to purchase it and deliver it when the due date arrives?" Imam (as) replied: "If he guarantees it for a specified term, then there is no harm in it." I then asked: "What if he delivers part of it and delays the rest? Is that permissible?" Imam (as) said: "Yes."

3952 - وَ- رَوَى الْعَلَاءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ‌ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّهْنِ وَ الْكَفِيلِ فِي بَيْعِ النَّسِيئَةِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌.

Hadith.3952 - Al-Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim who report from one of Imams (as): I asked Imam (as) about pledging collateral (Rahn) and having a guarantor (Kafil) in a deferred payment sale. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3953 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِالسَّلَمِ فِي اَلْمَتَاعِ إِذَا وَصَفْتَ اَلطُّولَ وَ اَلْعَرْضَ وَ فِي اَلْحَيَوَانِ إِذَا وَصَفْتَ أَسْنَانَهُ".

Hadith.3953 - In a narration from Zurarah who reported from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "There is no harm in Salam (advance payment) for goods if you describe their length and width, and for animals if you describe their age."

3954 - رُوِيَ عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لَيْسَ اَلْحُكْرَةُ إِلاَّ فِي اَلْحِنْطَةِ وَ اَلشَّعِيرِ وَ اَلتَّمْرِ وَ اَلزَّبِيبِ وَ اَلسَّمْنِ وَ اَلزَّيْتِ ".

Hadith.3954 - It is narrated from Ghiyath bin Ibrahim, who reported from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "Hoarding (Ihtikar) applies only to wheat, barley, dates, raisins, ghee, and oil."

3955 - وَ مَرَّ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِالْمُحْتَكِرِينَ فَأَمَرَ بِحُكْرَتِهِمْ أَنْ تُخْرَجَ إِلَى بُطُونِ اَلْأَسْوَاقِ وَ حَيْثُ يَنْظُرُ اَلنَّاسُ إِلَيْهَا فَقِيلَ لِرَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَوْ قَوَّمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَغَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ حَتَّى عُرِفَ اَلْغَضَبُ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَ قَالَ "أَنَا أُقَوِّمُ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّمَا اَلسِّعْرُ إِلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَرْفَعُهُ إِذَا شَاءَ وَ يَخْفِضُهُ إِذَا شَاءَ".

Hadith.3955 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, once passed by some hoarders and commanded that their hoarded goods be brought out into the marketplaces where people could see them. Someone then suggested to the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family: "Would you set a price for them?" At this, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, became angry, and his anger was apparent on his face. Prophet (sw) said: "Am I to set prices for them? Indeed, pricing is in the hands of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic. He raises it when He wills and lowers it when He wills."

3956 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْحُكْرَةِ فَقَالَ "إِنَّمَا اَلْحُكْرَةُ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ طَعَاماً وَ لَيْسَ فِي اَلْمِصْرِ غَيْرُهُ فَتَحْتَكِرَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي اَلْمِصْرِ طَعَامٌ أَوْ مَتَاعٌ غَيْرُهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ تَلْتَمِسَ بِسِلْعَتِكَ اَلْفَضْلَ".

Hadith.3956 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as), that Imam (as) was asked about hoarding (ḥukrah). Imam (as) said: "Hoarding is when you purchase food, and there is no other food available in the town, and then you hoard it. However, if there is other food or goods available in the town, then there is no harm in seeking profit through your merchandise."

3957 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ سَلَمَةَ اَلْحَنَّاطِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَا عَمَلُكَ" فَقُلْتُ حَنَّاطٌ وَ رُبَّمَا قَدِمْتُ عَلَى نَفَاقٍ وَ رُبَّمَا قَدِمْتُ عَلَى كَسَادٍ فَحَبَسْتُهُ قَالَ "فَمَا يَقُولُ مَنْ قِبَلَكُمْ فِيهِ" قُلْتُ يَقُولُونَ مُحْتَكِرٌ قَالَ "يَبِيعُهُ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُكَ" قُلْتُ مَا أَبِيعُ أَنَا مِنْ أَلْفِ جُزْءٍ جُزْءاً فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ وَ كَانَ إِذَا دَخَلَ اَلطَّعَامُ اَلْمَدِينَةَ اِشْتَرَاهُ كُلَّهُ فَمَرَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ "يَا حَكِيمَ بْنَ حِزَامٍ إِيَّاكَ أَنْ تَحْتَكِرَ" ".

Hadith.3957 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Salamah al-Hannat, who said that Abu Abdullah (as), asked: "What is your occupation?" I replied: "I am a wheat seller, and sometimes I arrive during a time of demand, and sometimes I arrive during a time of stagnation, so I hold onto it." Imam (as) asked: "What do the people around you say about this?" I said: "They say I am a hoarder." Imam (as) then asked: "Do others besides you sell it?" I said: "I sell only a small portion compared to the whole market." Imam (as) replied: "There is no harm in that. This issue arose with a man from Quraysh named Hakim ibn Hizam. Whenever food entered Medina, he would buy all of it. The Prophet, peace be upon him and his family, passed by him and said: 'O Hakim ibn Hizam, beware of hoarding.'"

3958 - وَ رَوَى اَلنَّضْرُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فِي تُجَّارٍ قَدِمُوا أَرْضاً وَ اِشْتَرَكُوا عَلَى أَنْ لاَ يَبِيعُوا بَيْعَهُمْ إِلاَّ بِمَا أَحَبُّوا قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3958 - Al-Nadr narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan that Abu Abdullah (as), said regarding merchants who arrived at a land and agreed among themselves not to sell their goods except at a price they desired: "There is no harm in that."

3959 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "لاَ يَحْتَكِرُ اَلطَّعَامَ إِلاَّ خَاطِئٌ".

Hadith.3959 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said: "No one hoards food except a sinner."

3960 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُعَمَّرِ بْنِ خَلاَّدٍ قَالَ : سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ حَبْسِ اَلطَّعَامِ سَنَةً قَالَ "أَنَا أَفْعَلُهُ".

Hadith.3960 - It is narrated from Mu'ammar ibn Khallad that a man asked Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as), about storing food for a year. Imam (as) replied: "I do it."

3961 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "اَلْجَالِبُ مَرْزُوقٌ وَ اَلْمُحْتَكِرُ مَلْعُونٌ".

Hadith.3961 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said: "The one who brings goods to the market is blessed with sustenance, and the hoarder is cursed."

3692 - وَ نَهَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْحُكْرَةِ فِي اَلْأَمْصَارِ".

Hadith.3962 - Commander of the Faithful (as), peace be upon him, forbade hoarding in the cities.

3963 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلْحُكْرَةُ فِي اَلْخِصْبِ أَرْبَعُونَ يَوْماً وَ فِي اَلشِّدَّةِ وَ اَلْبَلاَءِ ثَلاَثَةُ أَيَّامٍ فَمَا زَادَ عَلَى أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً فِي اَلْخِصْبِ فَصَاحِبُهُ مَلْعُونٌ وَ مَا زَادَ فِي اَلْعُسْرَةِ فَوْقَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَصَاحِبُهُ مَلْعُونٌ ".

Hadith.3963 - Al-Sakooni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), peace be upon him, who said that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib, stated: "Hoarding during times of abundance is permitted for forty days, and during hardship and distress, for three days. Anything beyond forty days in times of abundance makes its owner accursed, and anything beyond three days in times of difficulty makes its owner accursed."

3964 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ اَلْحَارِثِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنْ بَاعَ اَلطَّعَامَ نُزِعَتْ مِنْهُ اَلرَّحْمَةُ ".

Hadith.3964 - Abu Ishaq narrated from Al-Harith, from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib, who said: "Whoever hoards food, mercy is removed from him."

3965 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "كِيلُوا طَعَامَكُمْ فَإِنَّ اَلْبَرَكَةَ فِي اَلطَّعَامِ اَلْمَكِيلِ ".

Hadith.3965 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said: "Measure your food, for indeed, the blessing is in the measured food."

3966 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ اَلثُّمَالِيِّ قَالَ : ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ غَلاَءُ اَلسِّعْرِ فَقَالَ "وَ مَا عَلَيَّ مِنْ غَلاَئِهِ إِنْ غَلاَ فَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ رَخُصَ فَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3966 - It is narrated from Abu Hamzah al-Thumali that he said: Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) was informed about the rise in prices. Imam (as) said: "What concern is it to me if prices rise? It is upon Him (swt), and if they fall, it is upon Him (swt)."

3967 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اِشْتَرُوا وَ إِنْ كَانَ غَالِياً فَإِنَّ اَلرِّزْقَ يَنْزِلُ مَعَ اَلشِّرَاءِ".

Hadith.3967 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Buy, even if it is expensive, for indeed sustenance descends with purchasing."

3968 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ إِنِّي أَرٰاكُمْ بِخَيْرٍ ۝ فَقَالَ "كَانَ سِعْرُهُمْ رَخِيصاً".

Hadith.3968 - It is narrated that Imam (as), peace be upon him, said regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "Indeed, I see you in prosperity" (Surah Hud 11:84) Imam (as) said: "Their prices were low."

3969 - وَ قِيلَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَوْ سَعَّرْتَ لَنَا سِعْراً فَإِنَّ اَلْأَسْعَارَ تَزِيدُ وَ تَنْقُصُ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "مَا كُنْتُ لِأَلْقَى اَللَّهَ تَعَالَى بِبِدْعَةٍ لَمْ يُحَدِّثْ إِلَيَّ فِيهَا شَيْئاً فَدَعُوا عِبَادَ اَللَّهِ يَأْكُلُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَ إِذَا اُسْتُنْصِحْتُمْ فَانْصَحُوا".

Hadith.3969 - It was said to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family: "Would you set a fixed price for us, for prices rise and fall?" The Prophet (sw) replied: "I would not meet Allah (swt), the Exalted, with an innovation about which He (swt) has revealed nothing to me. So leave the servants of Allah (swt) to benefit from one another. And if you are consulted for advice, then give sincere advice."

3970 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ اَلثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَكَّلَ بِالسِّعْرِ مَلَكاً يُدَبِّرُهُ بِأَمْرِهِ".

Hadith.3970 - It is narrated by Abu Hamzah Al-Thumali, that Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as), who said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, has appointed an angel to regulate prices by His command."

3971 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "يَا أَبَا اَلصَّبَّاحِ شِرَاءُ اَلدَّقِيقِ ذُلٌّ وَ شِرَاءُ اَلْحِنْطَةِ عِزٌّ وَ شِرَاءُ اَلْخُبْزِ فَقْرٌ فَتَعَوَّذُوا بِاللَّهِ مِنَ اَلْفَقْرِ ".

Hadith.3971 - It is narrated from Abu Al-Sabbah Al-Kinani that Abu Abdullah (as), said: "O Abu Al-Sabbah! Buying flour is humiliation, buying wheat is honor, and buying bread is poverty. So seek refuge with Allah (swt) from poverty."

3972 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ وَ هِيَ تُحْصِي اَلْخُبْزَ فَقَالَ "يَا حُمَيْرَاءُ لاَ تُحْصِينَ فَيُحْصَى عَلَيْكِ".

Hadith.3972 - It is reported that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, entered upon Aisha while she was counting pieces of bread. Prophet (sw) said: "O Humaira, do not count, lest it be counted against you."

3973 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ تُمَانِعُوا قَرْضَ اَلْخَمِيرِ وَ اَلْخُبْزِ فَإِنَّ مَنْعَهُمَا يُورِثُ اَلْفَقْرَ".

Hadith.3973 - Al-Sakooni reported from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), peace be upon him, who said: "Do not withhold lending leavened dough and bread, for withholding them causes poverty."

3974 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "عَلاَمَةُ رِضَا اَللَّهِ فِي خَلْقِهِ عَدْلُ سُلْطَانِهِمْ وَ رُخْصُ أَسْعَارِهِمْ وَ عَلاَمَةُ غَضَبِ اَللَّهِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ جَوْرُ سُلْطَانِهِمْ وَ غَلاَءُ أَسْعَارِهِمْ".

Hadith.3974 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "The sign of Allah's (swt) pleasure with His (swt) creation is the justice of their ruler and the affordability of their prices, and the sign of Allah's (swt) anger upon His (swt) creation is the oppression of their ruler and the high cost of their prices."

3975 - قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُ اَلشَّيْءَ فَيَقُولُ اَلْمُشْتَرِي هُوَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا بِأَقَلَّ مِمَّا قَالَ اَلْبَائِعُ قَالَ "اَلْقَوْلُ قَوْلُ اَلْبَائِعِ إِذَا كَانَ اَلشَّيْءُ قَائِماً بِعَيْنِهِ مَعَ يَمِينِهِ ".

Hadith.3975 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said regarding a man who sells something and the buyer claims that it was sold for a lower price than what the seller stated: "The statement of the seller is to be accepted if the item is still present in its original form, along with his oath."

3976 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى ضَيْعَةً وَ قَدْ كَانَ يَدْخُلُهَا وَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا فَلَمَّا أَنْ نَقَدَ اَلْمَالَ صَارَ إِلَى اَلضَّيْعَةِ فَفَتَّشَهَا ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَاسْتَقَالَ صَاحِبَهُ فَلَمْ يُقِلْهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لَوْ قَلَّبَهَا وَ نَظَرَ مِنْهَا إِلَى تِسْعٍ وَ تِسْعِينَ قِطْعَةً ثُمَّ بَقِيَ مِنْهَا قِطْعَةٌ لَمْ يَرَهَا لَكَانَ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ خِيَارُ اَلرُّؤْيَةِ".

Hadith.3976 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrates from Jamil ibn Darraj, who said: I asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about a man who purchased a property. He used to enter and leave it, but after paying the price and inspecting the property, he returned and requested the seller to annul the sale, but the seller refused. Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), said: "Even if he had examined and inspected ninety-nine parts of it, and one part remained unseen, he would still have the right of option (Khiyar al-Ru'yah) based on inspection."

3977 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُيَسِّرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْعَزِيزِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ اِشْتَرَى زِقَّ زَيْتٍ فَوَجَدَ فِيهِ دُرْدِيّاً فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ مِمَّنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ يَكُونُ فِي اَلزَّيْتِ لَمْ يَرُدَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ يَكُونُ فِي اَلزَّيْتِ رَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3977 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrates from Muyassir ibn Abdul Aziz, who said: I asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), about a man who bought a container of oil and found sediment (dregs) in it. Imam (as) said: "If the buyer was aware that such sediment is commonly found in oil, he cannot return it. However, if he was unaware that such sediment is usually present, he has the right to return it."

3978 - وَ دَخَلَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ سُوقَ اَلتَّمَّارِينَ فَإِذَا اِمْرَأَةٌ تَبْكِي وَ هِيَ تُخَاصِمُ رَجُلاً تَمَّاراً فَقَالَ لَهَا "مَا لَكِ" فَقَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ اِشْتَرَيْتُ مِنْ هَذَا تَمْراً بِدِرْهَمٍ فَخَرَجَ أَسْفَلُهُ رَدِيّاً وَ لَيْسَ مِثْلَ هَذَا اَلَّذِي رَأَيْتُ فَقَالَ لَهُ "رُدَّ عَلَيْهَا" فَأَبَى حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَأَبَى فَعَلاَهُ بِالدِّرَّةِ حَتَّى رَدَّ عَلَيْهَا وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُجَلَّلَ اَلتَّمْرُ.

Hadith.3978 - Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, entered the market of the date sellers. There, He (as) saw a woman crying while disputing with a date seller. Imam (as) said to her: "What is the matter?" She replied: "O Commander of the Faithful, I bought dates from this man for one dirham, but the bottom of the container was filled with poor-quality dates, unlike what I had seen at the top." Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said to the seller: "Return her money." The seller refused, and Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) repeated the instruction three times, but the seller continued to refuse. So, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) struck him with his staff until he returned the money to the woman. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to dislike covering the dates to conceal their defects.

3979 - رَوَى أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنِ اَلشَّعِيرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "إِذَا نَادَى اَلْمُنَادِي فَلَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَزِيدَ فَإِذَا سَكَتَ فَلَكَ أَنْ تَزِيدَ وَ إِنَّمَا تَحْرُمُ اَلزِّيَادَةُ وَ اَلنِّدَاءُ يُسْمَعُ وَ يُحِلُّهَا اَلسُّكُوتُ ".

Hadith.3979 - Umayyah ibn Amr narrated from Al-Sha'eeri, who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), that Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said: "When the caller (auctioneer) announces the price, it is not permissible for you to increase the bid. However, when the caller becomes silent, then you are allowed to increase the bid. Indeed, raising the bid is prohibited while the announcement is still being heard, but it becomes permissible when silence follows."

3566 - رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ رَبَّنٰا آتِنٰا فِي اَلدُّنْيٰا حَسَنَةً وَ فِي اَلْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً ۝ قَالَ "رِضْوَانُ اَللَّهِ وَ اَلْجَنَّةُ فِي اَلْآخِرَةِ وَ اَلسَّعَةُ فِي اَلرِّزْقِ وَ اَلْمَعَايِشِ وَ حُسْنُ اَلْخُلُقِ فِي اَلدُّنْيَا".

Hadith.3566 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Jamil ibn Salih, from Abu Abdullah (as): Regarding the words of Allah (swt), the Almighty: "Our Lord (azj), grant us good in this world and good in the Hereafter" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:201) Imam (as) said: "Good in the Hereafter" refers to Allah's (swt) pleasure and Paradise, and "good in this world" refers to abundance in sustenance, favorable living conditions, and good character.

3567 - وَ رَوَى ذَرِيحُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ اَلْمُحَارِبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "نِعْمَ اَلْعَوْنُ اَلدُّنْيَا عَلَى اَلْآخِرَةِ".

Hadith.3567 - Dharih ibn Yazid al-Muharibi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "The world is an excellent aid for the Hereafter."

3568 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ تَرَكَ دُنْيَاهُ لآِخِرَتِهِ وَ لاَ آخِرَتَهُ لِدُنْيَاهُ ".

Hadith.3568 - Imam (as) said: "He is not from us who abandons his worldly life for his Hereafter, nor his Hereafter for his worldly life."

3569 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْعَالِمِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "اِعْمَلْ لِدُنْيَاكَ كَأَنَّكَ تَعِيشُ أَبَداً وَ اِعْمَلْ لآِخِرَتِكَ كَأَنَّكَ تَمُوتُ غَداً".

Hadith.3569 - It is narrated from the Imam (as) that he said: "Work for your worldly life as if you will live forever, and work for your Hereafter as if you will die tomorrow."

3570 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "نِعْمَ اَلْعَوْنُ عَلَى تَقْوَى اَللَّهِ اَلْغِنَى".

Hadith.3570 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "Wealth is an excellent aid in attaining piety towards Allah (swt)."

3571 - وَ رَوَى عُمَرُ بْنُ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنِ اَلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَيُحِبُّ اَلاِغْتِرَابَ فِي طَلَبِ اَلرِّزْقِ".

Hadith.3571 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, loves traveling in pursuit of sustenance."

3572 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اِشْخَصْ يَشْخَصْ لَكَ اَلرِّزْقُ".

Hadith.3572 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Set out (on a journey), and sustenance will set out for you."

3573 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلْعَزِيزِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ أَنْ أَرَى اَلرَّجُلَ مُتَحَرِّفاً فِي طَلَبِ اَلرِّزْقِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ -: " اَللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لِأُمَّتِي فِي بُكُورِهَا " ".

Hadith.3573 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "I love to see a man striving in pursuit of sustenance. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: 'O Allah (swt), bless my nation in their early mornings.'"

3574 - وَ قَالَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "إِذَا أَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمُ اَلْحَاجَةَ فَلْيُبَكِّرْ إِلَيْهَا فَإِنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَبِّي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُبَارِكَ لِأُمَّتِي فِي بُكُورِهَا".

Hadith.3574 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "If any of you has a need, let him seek it early in the morning, for I asked my Lord (azj), the Almighty and Glorious, to bless my nation in their early mornings."

3575 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِذَا أَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمُ اَلْحَاجَةَ فَلْيُبَكِّرْ إِلَيْهَا وَ لْيُسْرِعِ اَلْمَشْيَ إِلَيْهَا".

Hadith.3575 - Imam (as) said: "If any of you intends to fulfill a need, let him seek it early in the morning and hasten in walking towards it."

3576 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ اَللَّحَّامُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ تَكْسَلُوا فِي طَلَبِ مَعَايِشِكُمْ فَإِنَّ آبَاءَنَا كَانُوا يَرْكُضُونَ فِيهَا وَ يَطْلُبُونَهَا".

Hadith.3576 - Hammad al-Lahham narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Do not be lazy in seeking your livelihood, for our fathers used to strive for it and pursue it."

3577 - وَ أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ رَجُلاً فِي حَاجَةٍ فَكَانَ يَمْشِي فِي اَلشَّمْسِ فَقَالَ لَهُ "اِمْشِ فِي اَلظِّلِّ فَإِنَّ اَلظِّلَّ مُبَارَكٌ".

Hadith.3577 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, sent a man to fulfill a need, and the man was walking in the sun. So the Prophet (sw) said to him: "Walk in the shade, for the shade is blessed."

3578 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ ذَهَبَ فِي حَاجَةٍ عَلَى غَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ فَلَمْ تُقْضَ حَاجَتُهُ فَلاَ يَلُومَنَّ إِلاَّ نَفْسَهُ".

Hadith.3578 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever goes to fulfill a need without being in a state of ablution, and his need is not fulfilled, let him blame none but himself."

3579 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنِّي أَجِدُنِي أَمْقُتُ اَلرَّجُلَ يَتَعَذَّرُ عَلَيْهِ اَلْمَكَاسِبُ فَيَسْتَلْقِي عَلَى قَفَاهُ وَ يَقُولُ اَللَّهُمَّ اُرْزُقْنِي وَ يَدَعُ أَنْ يَنْتَشِرَ فِي اَلْأَرْضِ وَ يَلْتَمِسَ مِنْ فَضْلِ اَللَّهِ وَ اَلذَّرَّةُ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ جُحْرِهَا تَلْتَمِسُ رِزْقَهَا ".

Hadith.3579 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), said: "I find myself despising a man who faces difficulties in earning a livelihood, yet he lies on his back and says, 'O Allah (swt), provide for me,' while neglecting to go out into the land and seek Allah's (swt) bounty. Even the smallest ant comes out of its hole to seek its sustenance."

3580 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يُحِبُّ اَلْمُحْتَرِفَ اَلْأَمِينَ".

Hadith.3580 - Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, loves the trustworthy worker."

3581 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُذَافِرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ : دَفَعَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ سَبْعَمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ وَ قَالَ "يَا عُذَافِرُ اِصْرِفْهَا فِي شَيْءٍ مَا" وَ قَالَ "مَا أَفْعَلُ هَذَا عَلَى شَرَهٍ مِنِّي وَ لَكِنِّي أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَرَانِيَ اَللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مُتَعَرِّضاً لِفَوَائِدِهِ" قَالَ عُذَافِرٌ فَرَبِحْتُ فِيهَا مِائَةَ دِينَارٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فِي اَلطَّوَافِ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَدْ رَزَقَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهَا مِائَةَ دِينَارٍ قَالَ "أَثْبِتْهَا فِي رَأْسِ مَالِي".

Hadith.3581 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Udhafir, from his father, who said: Abu Abdullah (as), handed me seven hundred dinars and said: "O 'Udhafir, invest it in something." Imam (as) then added: "I am not doing this out of greed, but I wish for Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, to see me seeking His bounties." Udhafir said: I earned a profit of one hundred dinars from it. So, while performing Tawaf, I said to him: "May I be your ransom! Allah (swt), the Exalted, has grant a profit of one hundred dinars in it." Imam (as) replied: "Add it to my capital."

3582 - وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ قَدْ عَلَّمْتُ اِبْنِي هَذَا اَلْكِتَابَ فَفِي أَيِّ شَيْءٍ أُسْلِمُهُ فَقَالَ "أَسْلِمْهُ لِلَّهِ أَبُوكَ وَ لاَ تُسْلِمْهُ فِي خَمْسٍ لاَ تُسْلِمْهُ سَيَّاءً وَ لاَ صَائِغاً وَ لاَ قَصَّاباً وَ لاَ حَنَّاطاً وَ لاَ نَخَّاساً" فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ وَ مَا اَلسَّيَّاءُ قَالَ "اَلَّذِي يَبِيعُ اَلْأَكْفَانَ وَ يَتَمَنَّى مَوْتَ أُمَّتِي وَ لَلْمَوْلُودُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا طَلَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ اَلشَّمْسُ وَ أَمَّا اَلصَّائِغُ فَإِنَّهُ يُعَالِجُ غَبْنَ أُمَّتِي وَ أَمَّا اَلْقَصَّابُ فَإِنَّهُ يَذْبَحُ حَتَّى تَذْهَبَ اَلرَّحْمَةُ مِنْ قَلْبِهِ وَ أَمَّا اَلْحَنَّاطُ فَإِنَّهُ يَحْتَكِرُ اَلطَّعَامَ عَلَى أُمَّتِي وَ لَأَنْ يَلْقَى اَللَّهَ اَلْعَبْدُ سَارِقاً أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ يَلْقَاهُ قَدِ اِحْتَكَرَ طَعَاماً أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً وَ أَمَّا اَلنَّخَّاسُ فَإِنَّهُ أَتَانِي جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ شَرَّ أُمَّتِكَ اَلَّذِينَ يَبِيعُونَ اَلنَّاسَ" ".

Hadith.3582 - Ibrahim ibn Abdul-Hamid narrated from Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as), who said: A man came to the Prophet, peace be upon him and his family, and said: "O Messenger of Allah (swt), I have taught my son to read and write. In what profession should I place him?" The Prophet, peace be upon him and his family, replied:"Entrust him to Allah (swt) and do not place him in five professions: Do not make him a seller of shrouds, nor a jeweler, nor a butcher, nor a grain merchant, nor a slave trader." The man asked: "O Messenger of Allah (swt), what is the harm in selling shrouds?" The Prophet, peace be upon him and his family, explained: "The one who sells shrouds wishes for the death of my nation, while the birth of a new soul in my nation is more beloved to me than all that the sun has risen upon. As for the jeweler, he engages in defrauding my nation. As for the butcher, he slaughters so frequently that mercy departs from his heart. As for the grain merchant, he hoards food against my nation, and it is more beloved to me that a servant meets Allah (swt) as a thief than that he meets Him having hoarded food for forty days. As for the slave trader, Archangel Jibril (as) came to me and said: 'O Muhammad, the worst of your nation are those who sell human beings.'"

3583 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ سَدِيرٍ اَلصَّيْرَفِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ حَدِيثٌ بَلَغَنِي عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْبَصْرِيِّ فَإِنْ كَانَ حَقّاً فَ‍ "إِنّٰا لِلّٰهِ وَ إِنّٰا إِلَيْهِ رٰاجِعُونَ" قَالَ "وَ مَا هُوَ" قُلْتُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ اَلْحَسَنَ كَانَ يَقُولُ لَوْ غَلَى دِمَاغُهُ مِنْ حَرِّ اَلشَّمْسِ مَا اِسْتَظَلَّ بِحَائِطِ صَيْرَفِيٍّ وَ لَوْ تَفَرَّثَتْ كَبِدُهُ مَاءً وَ هُوَ عَمَلِي وَ تِجَارَتِي وَ عَلَيْهِ نَبَتَ لَحْمِي وَ دَمِي وَ مِنْهُ حَجَّتِي وَ عُمْرَتِي قَالَ فَجَلَسَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ثُمَّ قَالَ "كَذَبَ اَلْحَسَنُ خُذْ سَوَاءً وَ أَعْطِ سَوَاءً فَإِذَا حَضَرَتِ اَلصَّلاَةُ فَدَعْ مَا بِيَدِكَ وَ اِنْهَضْ إِلَى اَلصَّلاَةِ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ اَلْكَهْفِ كَانُوا صَيَارِفَةً ".

Hadith.3583 - Sadir al-Sayrafi narrated: I said to Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "A report has reached me about Hasan al-Basri, and if it is true, then 'Indeed, we belong to Allah (swt) and to Him we shall return.'" Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) asked: "What is it?" I said: "I have heard that Hasan used to say, 'If my head boiled from the heat of the sun, I would not seek shade under the wall of a moneychanger, and if my liver dried up from thirst, I would not drink water earned through trade. Yet, this (trade) is my occupation, my business, and by it my flesh and blood have grown, and from it, I performed my Hajj and Umrah.'" Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) then sat up and said: "Hasan has lied! Take what is fair and give what is fair, and when the time for prayer arrives, leave what is in your hands and rise for prayer. Do you not know that the companions of the cave (Ashab al-Kahf) were moneychangers?"

3584 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "وَيْلٌ لِتُجَّارِ أُمَّتِي مِنْ لاَ وَ اَللَّهِ وَ بَلَى وَ اَللَّهِ وَ وَيْلٌ لِصُنَّاعِ أُمَّتِي مِنَ اَلْيَوْمِ وَ غَدٍ ".

Hadith.3584 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "Woe to the merchants of my nation because of (their frequent oaths) 'No, by Allah (swt)' and 'Yes, by Allah (swt).' And woe to the craftsmen of my nation because of (their worries about) today and tomorrow."

3585 - وَ رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : قَالَ "اِحْتَجَمَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حَجَمَهُ مَوْلًى لِبَنِي بَيَاضَةَ وَ أَعْطَاهُ وَ لَوْ كَانَ حَرَاماً مَا أَعْطَاهُ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "أَيْنَ اَلدَّمُ" قَالَ شَرِبْتُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ فَقَالَ "مَا كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَهُ وَ قَدْ جَعَلَهُ اَللَّهُ لَكَ حِجَاباً مِنَ اَلنَّارِ" ".

Hadith.3585 - Imam Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), narrated through Jabir from Amr ibn Shimr: "The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, underwent cupping. A servant from the tribe of Banu Bayadah performed the cupping, and the Prophet (sw) gave him payment. If it were prohibited, he would not have given him payment. When the procedure was completed, the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, asked him: 'Where is the blood?' The servant replied: 'I drank it, O Messenger of Allah (swt).' The Prophet said: 'You should not have done that, but Allah (swt) has made it a barrier for you against the Fire.'"

3586 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلنُّثَارِ مِنَ اَلسُّكَّرِ وَ اَللَّوْزِ وَ أَشْبَاهِهِ أَ يَحِلُّ أَكْلُهُ فَقَالَ "يُكْرَهُ كُلُّ مَالٍ يُنْتَهَبُ".

Hadith.3586 - It is narrated from Ali ibn Ja'far, from his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as), who said: "I asked him about scattered treats such as sugar, almonds, and similar items-whether it is permissible to eat them. Imam (as) replied: 'It is disliked to consume anything that is seized unlawfully.'"

3587 - وَ رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اَللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: ۝ إِنَّمَا اَلْخَمْرُ وَ اَلْمَيْسِرُ وَ اَلْأَنْصٰابُ وَ اَلْأَزْلاٰمُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمَلِ اَلشَّيْطٰانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ ۝ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ مَا اَلْمَيْسِرُ قَالَ "كُلُّ مَا تُقُومِرَ بِهِ حَتَّى اَلْكِعَابُ وَ اَلْجَوْزُ، " قِيلَ فَمَا اَلْأَنْصَابُ قَالَ "مَا ذَبَحُوا لآِلِهَتِهِمْ " قِيلَ فَمَا اَلْأَزْلاَمُ قَالَ "قِدَاحُهُمُ اَلَّتِي يَسْتَقْسِمُونَ بِهَا " ".

Hadith.3587 - It is narrated from Amr ibn Shimr, from Jabir, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "When Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, revealed the verse: 'Indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah (swt)], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid them' (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:90). The people asked: 'O Messenger of Allah (swt), what is gambling (maysir)?' He (sw) replied: 'Everything that involves betting, even dice and walnuts.' They asked: 'What are the stone alters (ansab)?' He (sw) said: 'They are the sacrifices offered to their idols.' They asked: 'What are the divining arrows (azlam)?' He (sw) said: 'They are their arrows used for seeking decisions or division.'"

3588 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَنْهَى عَنِ اَلْجَوْزِ اَلَّذِي يَجِيءُ بِهِ اَلصِّبْيَانُ مِنَ اَلْقِمَارِ أَنْ يُؤْكَلَ وَ قَالَ هُوَ سُحْتٌ.

Hadith.3588 - It is narrated from Al-Sakuni, from Abu Abdillah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that: "He (as) used to forbid eating the walnuts that children bring from gambling, and He (as) said it is unlawful (suht)."

3589 - وَ رَوَى أَيُّوبُ بْنُ اَلْحُرِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَجْرِ اَلنَّائِحَةِ اَلَّتِي تَنُوحُ عَلَى اَلْمَيِّتِ وَ أَجْرِ اَلْمُغَنِّيَةِ اَلَّتِي تَزُفُّ اَلْعَرَائِسَ لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ وَ لَيْسَتْ بِالَّتِي يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا اَلرِّجَالُ ".

Hadith.3589 - It is narrated from Ayyub ibn Al-Hurr, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "There is no harm in the payment for a wailing woman who mourns the deceased, and the payment for a singer who escorts brides; there is no harm in it, as long as she is not someone whom men enter upon."

3590 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "أَرْبَعٌ لاَ تَجُوزُ فِي أَرْبَعَةٍ اَلْخِيَانَةُ وَ اَلْغُلُولُ وَ اَلسَّرِقَةُ وَ اَلرِّبَا لاَ يَجُزْنَ فِي حَجٍّ وَ لاَ عُمْرَةٍ وَ لاَ جِهَادٍ وَ لاَ صَدَقَةٍ".

Hadith.3590 - It is narrated from Aban ibn Uthman, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Four things are not permissible in four situations: treachery, embezzlement, theft, and usury. They are not permissible in Hajj, Umrah, Jihad, or charity."

3591 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِكَسْبِ اَلْمَاشِطَةِ إِذَا لَمْ تُشَارِطْ وَ قَبِلَتْ مَا تُعْطَى وَ لاَ تَصِلُ شَعْرَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ بِشَعْرِ اِمْرَأَةٍ غَيْرِهَا فَأَمَّا شَعْرُ اَلْمَعْزِ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُوصَلَ بِشَعْرِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ وَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِكَسْبِ اَلنَّائِحَةِ إِذَا قَالَتْ صِدْقاً ".

Hadith.3591 - Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in the earnings of a hairdresser if she does not stipulate a specific payment and accepts what is given to her. However, she should not attach the hair of one woman to the hair of another woman. As for the hair of goats, there is no harm in attaching it to a woman's hair. Also, there is no harm in the earnings of a mourner if she speaks the truth."

3592 - وَ رُوِيَ "أَنَّهَا تَسْتَحِلُّهُ بِضَرْبِ إِحْدَى يَدَيْهَا عَلَى اَلْأُخْرَى ".

Hadith.3592 - It is narrated: "She makes it permissible by striking one of her hands against the other."

3593 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ : رَأَيْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَعْمَلُ فِي أَرْضٍ لَهُ وَ قَدِ اِسْتَنْقَعَتْ قَدَمَاهُ فِي اَلْعَرَقِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَيْنَ اَلرِّجَالُ فَقَالَ "يَا عَلِيُّ عَمِلَ بِالْيَدِ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي وَ مِنْ أَبِي فِي أَرْضِهِ" فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَنْ هُوَ فَقَالَ " رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ آبَائِي عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ كُلُّهُمْ قَدْ عَمِلُوا بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَ هُوَ مِنْ عَمَلِ اَلنَّبِيِّينَ وَ اَلْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ اَلصَّالِحِينَ".

Hadith.3593 - It is narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Hamzah, from his father, who said: "I saw Abu Al-Hasan (as) working in his land, and his feet were soaked in sweat. I said to him, 'May I be your ransom! Where are the men (to assist you)?' Imam (as) replied: 'O Ali, one who is better than me and my father worked with his hands in his land.' I asked him, 'Who is that?' He said: 'The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), Commander of the Faithful, and my forefathers (peace be upon them)-all of them worked with their hands, and it is the work of the prophets, the messengers, and the righteous."

3594 - وَ رَوَى شَرِيفُ بْنُ سَابِقٍ اَلتَّفْلِيسِيُّ عَنِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ أَبِي قُرَّةَ اَلسَّمَنْدِيِّ اَلْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "أَوْحَى اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ " "أَنَّكَ نِعْمَ اَلْعَبْدُ لَوْ لاَ أَنَّكَ تَأْكُلُ مِنْ بَيْتِ اَلْمَالِ وَ لاَ تَعْمَلُ بِيَدِكَ شَيْئاً" قَالَ "فَبَكَى دَاوُدُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَأَوْحَى اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى اَلْحَدِيدِ ۝ أَنْ لِنْ لِعَبْدِي دَاوُدَ ۝ فَلاَنَ فَأَلاَنَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَهُ اَلْحَدِيدَ فَكَانَ يَعْمَلُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ دِرْعاً فَيَبِيعُهَا بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَعَمِلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ثَلاَثَمِائَةٍ وَ سِتِّينَ دِرْعاً فَبَاعَهَا بِثَلاَثِمِائَةٍ وَ سِتِّينَ أَلْفاً وَ اِسْتَغْنَى عَنْ بَيْتِ اَلْمَالِ".

Hadith.3594 - It is narrated from Sharif ibn Sabiq Al-Taflisi, from Al-Fadl ibn Abi Qurrah Al-Samandi Al-Kufi, from Abu Abdullah (as), that Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, revealed to Dawud (as): 'You are an excellent servant, except that you eat from the public treasury and do not work with your hands.' Dawud (as) then wept. So Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, revealed to the iron: 'Soften for My servant Dawud.' (Surah Saba 34:10) And the iron softened. Allah (swt) made the iron pliable for him, and he began to make a coat of armor each day, selling it for a thousand dirhams. Dawud (as) made three hundred and sixty coats of armor, selling them for three hundred and sixty thousand dirhams, and he became independent of the public treasury."

3595 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ أَبِي قُرَّةَ قَالَ : دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ هُوَ يَعْمَلُ فِي حَائِطٍ لَهُ فَقُلْنَا جَعَلَنَا اَللَّهُ فِدَاكَ دَعْنَا نَعْمَلْ لَكَ أَوْ تَعْمَلْهُ اَلْغِلْمَانُ قَالَ "لاَ دَعُونِي فَإِنِّي أَشْتَهِي أَنْ يَرَانِيَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَعْمَلُ بِيَدِي وَ أَطْلُبُ اَلْحَلاَلَ فِي أَذَى نَفْسِي".

Hadith.3595 - It is narrated from Al-Fadl ibn Abi Qurrah: "We entered upon Abu Abdullah (as) while he was working in his garden. We said: 'May Allah (swt) make us your ransom! Let us work for you, or let the servants handle it.' Imam (as) replied: 'No, leave me to it, for I desire that Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, sees me working with my own hands and seeking lawful sustenance, even if it causes hardship to myself.'"

3596 - وَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَخْرُجُ فِي اَلْهَاجِرَةِ فِي اَلْحَاجَةِ قَدْ كُفِيَهَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَرَاهُ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى يُتْعِبُ نَفْسَهُ فِي طَلَبِ اَلْحَلاَلِ.

Hadith.3596 - It is reported that Commander of the Faithful (as) used to go out during the midday heat for tasks that had already been taken care of, desiring that Allah (swt), the Exalted, would see him exerting himself in the pursuit of lawful sustenance.

3597 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ أَبِي قُرَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ كَسْبَ اَلْمُعَلِّمِ سُحْتٌ فَقَالَ "كَذَبَ أَعْدَاءُ اَللَّهِ إِنَّمَا أَرَادُوا أَنْ لاَ يُعَلِّمُوا أَوْلاَدَهُمُ اَلْقُرْآنَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَعْطَى اَلْمُعَلِّمَ دِيَةَ وَلَدِهِ كَانَ لِلْمُعَلِّمِ مُبَاحاً".

Hadith.3597 - It is reported from al-Fadl ibn Abi Qurrah that he said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as), "These people claim that the earnings of a teacher are unlawful." Imam (as) replied: "The enemies of Allah (swt) have lied! They only intend to prevent their children from learning the Quran. If a man were to give the teacher the blood money of his child, it would be lawful for the teacher."

3598 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ مِنْ سَعَادَةِ اَلْمَرْءِ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَتْجَرُهُ فِي بِلاَدِهِ وَ يَكُونَ خُلَطَاؤُهُ صَالِحِينَ وَ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَوْلاَدٌ يَسْتَعِينُ بِهِمْ".

Hadith.3598 - Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) said: "Part of a man's happiness is that his business is in his own land, that his associates are righteous, and that he has children who assist him."

3599 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ بْنِ عَوَّاضٍ اَلطَّائِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي اِتَّخَذْتُ رَحًى فِيهَا مَجْلِسِي وَ يَجْلِسُ إِلَيَّ فِيهَا أَصْحَابِي قَالَ "ذَاكَ رِفْقُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ".

Hadith.3599 - It is narrated from Abdul-Hamid ibn 'Awad al-Ta'i who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "I have set up a millstone, and it is my sitting place where my companions also sit with me." Imam (as) said: "That is Allah's (swt) mercy."

3600 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِلْوَلِيدِ بْنِ صَبِيحٍ : "يَا وَلِيدُ لاَ تَشْتَرِ لِي مِنْ مُحَارَفٍ شَيْئاً فَإِنَّ خُلْطَتَهُ لاَ بَرَكَةَ فِيهَا ".

Hadith.3600 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said to Al-Walid ibn Subayh: "O Walid, do not buy anything for me from one who is engaged in unlawful earnings (Muharif), for there is no blessing in associating with him."

3601 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ تُخَالِطُوا وَ لاَ تُعَامِلُوا إِلاَّ مَنْ نَشَأَ فِي اَلْخَيْرِ".

Hadith.3601 - Imam (as) said: "Do not associate with or conduct business except with those who have been raised in goodness."

3602 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اِحْذَرُوا مُعَامَلَةَ أَصْحَابِ اَلْعَاهَاتِ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَظْلَمُ شَيْءٍ".

Hadith.3602 - Imam (as) said: "Beware of dealing with those who have defects, for they are the most unjust of people."

3603 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِأَبِي اَلرَّبِيعِ اَلشَّامِيِّ : "لاَ تُخَالِطِ اَلْأَكْرَادَ فَإِنَّ اَلْأَكْرَادَ حَيٌّ مِنَ اَلْجِنِّ كَشَفَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْهُمُ اَلْغِطَاءَ ".

Hadith.3603 - Imam (as) said to Abu Al-Rabi' Al-Shami: "Do not associate with the Kurds, for the Kurds are a group from the Jinn whom Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, has removed the veil from."

3604 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ تَسْتَعِنْ بِمَجُوسِيٍّ ، وَ لَوْ عَلَى أَخْذِ قَوَائِمِ شَاتِكَ وَ أَنْتَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَذْبَحَهَا".

Hadith.3604 - Imam (as) said: "Do not seek the assistance of a Magian, even for holding the legs of your sheep while you intend to slaughter it."

3605 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِيَّاكُمْ وَ مُخَالَطَةَ اَلسَّفِلَةِ، فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَئُولُ إِلَى خَيْرٍ".

Hadith.3605 - Imam (as) said: "Beware of associating with the lowly, for it does not lead to any good."

3606 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي قَدْ تَرَكْتُ اَلتِّجَارَةَ فَقَالَ "لاَ تَفْعَلْ اِفْتَحْ بَابَكَ وَ اُبْسُطْ بِسَاطَكَ وَ اِسْتَرْزِقِ اَللَّهَ رَبَّكَ".

Hadith.3606 - Al-Fudhayl ibn Yasaar asked Abu Abdullah (as): "I have abandoned trade." Imam (as) replied: "Do not do that. Open your door, spread your mat, and seek sustenance from your Lord (azj), Allah (swt)."

3607 - وَ قَالَ سَدِيرٌ اَلصَّيْرَفِيُّ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ فِي طَلَبِ اَلرِّزْقِ فَقَالَ "يَا سَدِيرُ إِذَا فَتَحْتَ بَابَكَ وَ بَسَطْتَ بِسَاطَكَ فَقَدْ قَضَيْتَ مَا عَلَيْكَ".

Hadith.3607 - Sadir Al-Sayrafi said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as): "What is required of a man in seeking sustenance?" Imam (as) replied: "O Sadir, if you open your door and spread your mat, then you have fulfilled what is required of you."

3608 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى جَعَلَ أَرْزَاقَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ حَيْثُ لاَ يَحْتَسِبُونَ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ اَلْعَبْدَ إِذَا لَمْ يَعْرِفْ وَجْهَ رِزْقِهِ كَثُرَ دُعَاؤُهُ".

Hadith.3608 - Imam (as) said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, has made the sustenance of the believers come from where they do not expect. This is because when a servant does not know the source of his sustenance, his supplications increase."

3609 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كُنْ لِمَا لاَ تَرْجُو أَرْجَى مِنْكَ لِمَا تَرْجُو فَإِنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ خَرَجَ يَقْتَبِسُ لِأَهْلِهِ نَاراً فَكَلَّمَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَجَعَ نَبِيّاً وَ خَرَجَتْ مَلِكَةُ، سَبَإٍ فَأَسْلَمَتْ مَعَ سُلَيْمَانَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ خَرَجَتْ سَحَرَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ يَطْلُبُونَ اَلْعِزَّةَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ فَرَجَعُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ ".

Hadith.3609 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Be more hopeful for what you do not expect than for what you expect. Indeed, Moses, son of Imran (as), went out to fetch fire for his family, but Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, spoke to him, and he returned as a prophet. And the Queen of Sheba went out and embraced Islam with Solomon (as). And the magicians of Pharaoh went out seeking honor for Pharaoh but returned as believers."

3610 - وَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ عِدْنِي قَالَ "كَيْفَ أَعِدُكَ وَ أَنَا لِمَا لاَ أَرْجُو أَرْجَى مِنِّي لِمَا أَرْجُو".

Hadith.3610 - A man said to Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as): "Promise me something." Imam (as) replied: "How can I promise you, when I have more hope in what I do not expect than in what I do expect?"

3611 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَا سَدَّ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى مُؤْمِنٍ بَابَ رِزْقٍ إِلاَّ فَتَحَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ".

Hadith.3611 - It is narrated from Jamil ibn Darraj, from Abu Abdullah (as): "Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, does not close a door of sustenance for a believer except that He opens for him what is better than it."

3612 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ أَتَاهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِرِزْقٍ لَمْ يَخْطُ إِلَيْهِ بِرِجْلِهِ وَ لَمْ يَمُدَّ إِلَيْهِ يَدَهُ وَ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ فِيهِ بِلِسَانِهِ وَ لَمْ يَشُدَّ إِلَيْهِ ثِيَابَهُ وَ لَمْ يَتَعَرَّضْ لَهُ كَانَ مِمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ: ۝ وَ مَنْ يَتَّقِ اَللّٰهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجاً وَ يَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لاٰ يَحْتَسِبُ ۝ "

Hadith.3612 - It is narrated by Al-Sakooni, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), from his forefathers (peace be upon them) that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whoever receives sustenance from Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, without having walked towards it with his feet, nor extended his hand for it, nor spoken about it with his tongue, nor prepared himself for it by tightening his garments, nor exposed himself to acquire it-he is among those whom Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, mentioned in His Book: 'And whoever fears Allah (swt), He will make a way out for him, and will provide for him from where he does not expect.'" (Surah At-Talaq 65:2-3)

3613 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلْمَعُونَةُ تَنْزِلُ مِنَ اَلسَّمَاءِ عَلَى قَدْرِ اَلْمَئُونَةِ".

Hadith.3613 - Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "Assistance descends from the heavens in proportion to one's needs."

3614 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "غِنًى يَحْجُزُكَ عَنِ اَلظُّلْمِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ فَقْرٍ يَحْمِلُكَ عَلَى اَلْإِثْمِ".

Hadith.3614 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Wealth that prevents you from committing oppression is better than poverty that leads you to sin."

3615 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ خَيْرَ فِيمَنْ لاَ يُحِبُّ جَمْعَ اَلْمَالِ مِنْ حَلاَلٍ فَيَكُفَّ بِهِ وَجْهَهُ وَ يَقْضِيَ بِهِ دَيْنَهُ وَ يَصِلَ بِهِ رَحِمَهُ".

Hadith.3615 - Imam (as) said: "There is no good in one who does not desire to earn wealth through lawful means, so that he may protect his dignity, pay off his debts, and maintain ties of kinship."

3616 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مِنَ اَلْمُرُوءَةِ اِسْتِصْلاَحُ اَلْمَالِ".

Hadith.3616 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Part of honor and dignity is managing wealth properly."

3617 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِصْلاَحُ اَلْمَالِ مِنَ اَلْإِيمَانِ".

Hadith.3617 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Managing wealth properly is a part of faith."

3618 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ يَصْلُحُ اَلْمَرْءُ اَلْمُسْلِمُ إِلاَّ بِثَلاَثٍ اَلتَّفَقُّهِ فِي اَلدِّينِ وَ اَلتَّقْدِيرِ فِي اَلْمَعِيشَةِ وَ اَلصَّبْرِ عَلَى اَلنَّائِبَةِ".

Hadith.3618 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "A Muslim cannot be righteous except through three qualities: understanding the religion, managing livelihood wisely, and exercising patience in adversity."

3619 - قَالَ وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "إِنَّ اَلنَّفْسَ إِذَا أَحْرَزَتْ قُوتَهَا اِسْتَقَرَّتْ".

Hadith.3619 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Indeed, when the soul secures its provision, it becomes content."

3620 - وَ سَأَلَ مُعَمَّرُ بْنُ خَلاَّدٍ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ حَبْسِ اَلطَّعَامِ سَنَةً فَقَالَ "أَنَا أَفْعَلُهُ".

Hadith.3620 - Mu'ammar ibn Khallad asked Abu al-Hasan Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) about storing food for a year. Imam (as) replied: "I do it myself."

3621 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ : "مَا مِنْ نَفَقَةٍ أَحَبَّ إِلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ نَفَقَةِ قَصْدٍ وَ يُبْغِضُ اَلْإِسْرَافَ إِلاَّ فِي اَلْحَجِّ وَ اَلْعُمْرَةِ فَرَحِمَ اَللَّهُ مُؤْمِناً كَسَبَ طَيِّباً وَ أَنْفَقَ مِنْ قَصْدٍ أَوْ قَدَّمَ فَضْلاً ".

Hadith.3621 - Ibn Abi Ya'fur narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'There is no spending more beloved to Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, than moderate spending. He (swt) dislikes extravagance, except in Hajj and Umrah. May Allah (swt) have mercy on a believer who earns lawfully, spends moderately, or gives something in charity from his surplus.' "

3622 - وَ قَالَ اَلْعَالِمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "ضَمِنْتُ لِمَنِ اِقْتَصَدَ أَنْ لاَ يَفْتَقِرَ".

Hadith.3622 - The Scholar, Imam (as) said: "I guarantee that whoever practices moderation will never become poor."

3623 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ اَلرَّجُلَ لَيُنْفِقُ مَالَهُ فِي حَقٍّ وَ إِنَّهُ لَمُسْرِفٌ ".

Hadith.3623 - Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) said: "A man may spend his wealth on what is right, yet still be considered extravagant."

3624 - وَ رَوَى اَلْأَصْبَغُ بْنُ نُبَاتَةَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "لِلْمُسْرِفِ ثَلاَثُ عَلاَمَاتٍ يَأْكُلُ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ وَ يَشْتَرِي مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ وَ يَلْبَسُ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ".

Hadith.3624 - Al-Asbagh ibn Nubata narrated from Commander of the Faithful (as) that he said: "The extravagant person has three signs: he eats what does not belong to him, buys what does not belong to him, and wears what does not belong to him."

3625 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو هِشَامٍ اَلْبَصْرِيُّ عَنْ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "مِنَ اَلْفَسَادِ قَطْعُ اَلدِّرْهَمِ وَ اَلدِّينَارِ وَ طَرْحُ اَلنَّوَى ".

Hadith.3625 - Abu Hisham al-Basri narrated from Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) that he said: "Among the causes of corruption are the discontinuation of currency (dirham and dinar) and the discarding of date pits."

3626 - وَ سَأَلَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ أَدْنَى اَلْإِسْرَافِ فَقَالَ "ثَوْبُ صَوْنِكَ تَبْتَذِلُهُ وَ فَضْلُ اَلْإِنَاءِ تُهَرِيقُهُ وَ قَذْفُكَ اَلنَّوَى هَكَذَا وَ هَكَذَا".

Hadith.3626 - Ishaq ibn Ammar asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the least form of extravagance. Imam (as) replied: "Wearing your garment of dignity for ordinary tasks, spilling the excess of what is in your vessel, and carelessly throwing away date pits like this and that."

3627 - وَ رَوَى اَلْوَلِيدُ بْنُ صَبِيحٍ عَنِ اَلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "ثَلاَثَةٌ يَدْعُونَ فَلاَ يُسْتَجَابُ لَهُمْ" أَوْ قَالَ "يُرَدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ دُعَاؤُهُمْ رَجُلٌ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ يَبْلُغُ ثَلاَثِينَ أَلْفاً أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفاً فَأَنْفَقَهُ فِي وُجُوهِهِ فَيَقُولُ اَللَّهُمَّ اُرْزُقْنِي فَيَقُولُ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَ لَمْ أَرْزُقْكَ وَ رَجُلٌ أَمْسَكَ عَنِ اَلطَّلَبِ فَيَقُولُ اَللَّهُمَّ اُرْزُقْنِي فَيَقُولُ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَ لَمْ أَجْعَلْ لَكَ اَلسَّبِيلَ إِلَى اَلطَّلَبِ وَ رَجُلٌ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ اِمْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَ اَللَّهُمَّ فَرِّقْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهَا فَيَقُولُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَ لَمْ أَجْعَلْ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْكَ".

Hadith.3627 - Al-Walid ibn Sabih narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that he said: "Three people make supplications, but their prayers are not answered"-or he said: "their prayers are returned to them": A man who had a large amount of wealth, reaching thirty thousand or forty thousand, and spent it without careful consideration. Then he says, 'O Allah (swt), provide for me.' Allah (swt), the Exalted, says, 'Did I not provide for you?' A man who refrains from seeking sustenance and says, 'O Allah (swt), provide for me.' Allah (swt), the Exalted, says, 'Did I not make a way for you to seek provision?' A man who had a wife and prays, 'O Allah (swt), separate me from her.' Allah (swt), the Almighty, says, 'Did I not give you the authority to handle this matter yourself?'"

3628 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مِنْ سَعَادَةِ اَلْمَرْءِ أَنْ يَكُونَ اَلْقَيِّمَ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ ".

Hadith.3628 - Imam (as) said: "Part of a man's happiness is that he is the caretaker of his family."

3629 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ إِثْماً أَنْ يُضَيِّعَ مَنْ يَعُولُ ".

Hadith.3629 - Imam (as) said: "It is sufficient for a man to be sinful if he neglects those he is responsible for."

3630 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مَلْعُونٌ مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ يُضَيِّعُ مَنْ يَعُولُ".

Hadith.3630 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Cursed, cursed is the one who neglects those he is responsible for."

3631 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلْكَادُّ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ مِنْ حَلاَلٍ كَالْمُجَاهِدِ فِي سَبِيلِ اَللَّهِ".

Hadith.3631 - Imam (as) said: "The one who strives to provide for his family through lawful means is like a warrior in the path of Allah (swt)."

3632 - وَ رَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "لاَ تَتَعَرَّضُوا لِلْحُقُوقِ، فَإِذَا لَزِمَتْكُمْ فَاصْبِرُوا لَهَا".

Hadith.3632 - Isma'il bin Jabir narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that he said: "Do not expose yourselves to obligations, but if they become binding upon you, then be patient with them."

3633 - وَ قَالَ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ تَبْذُلْ لِإِخْوَانِكَ مِنْ نَفْسِكَ مَا ضَرَرُهُ عَلَيْكَ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ نَفْعِهِ لَهُمْ ".

Hadith.3633 - Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) said: "Do not give to your brothers from yourself what causes you more harm than it benefits them."

3634 - وَ رَوَى عُمَرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "إِيَّاكَ وَ اَلْكَسَلَ وَ اَلضَّجَرَ فَإِنَّهُمَا مِفْتَاحُ كُلِّ سُوءٍ إِنَّهُ مَنْ كَسِلَ لَمْ يُؤَدِّ حَقّاً وَ مَنْ ضَجِرَ لَمْ يَصْبِرْ عَلَى حَقٍّ".

Hadith.3634 - Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Beware of laziness and restlessness, for they are the keys to every evil. Indeed, whoever is lazy will not fulfill a right, and whoever is restless will not endure upon the truth."

3635 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَيُبْغِضُ اَلْعَبْدَ اَلنَّوَّامَ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَيُبْغِضُ اَلْعَبْدَ اَلْفَارِغَ".

Hadith.3635 - Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) said: "Indeed, Allah (swt) the Exalted hates a servant who sleeps excessively. Indeed, Allah (swt) the Exalted hates a servant who is idle."

3636 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِبَشِيرٍ اَلنَّبَّالِ : "إِذَا رُزِقْتَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَالْزَمْهُ".

Hadith.3636 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said to Bishir al-Nabbal: "When you are granted provision from something, remain committed to it."

3637 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "شَكَا رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلْحُرْفَةَ فَقَالَ "اُنْظُرْ بُيُوعاً فَاشْتَرِهَا ثُمَّ بِعْهَا فَمَا رَبِحْتَ فِيهِ فَالْزَمْهُ" ".

Hadith.3637 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): A man complained to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) about trade. The Prophet said: "Look for merchandise, purchase it, and then sell it. Whatever you profit from it, remain committed to it."

3638 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "بَاشِرْ كِبَارَ أُمُورِكَ بِنَفْسِكَ وَ كِلْ مَا صَغُرَ مِنْهَا إِلَى غَيْرِكَ " فَقِيلَ ضَرْبُ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ فَقَالَ "ضَرْبُ أَشْرِيَةِ اَلْعَقَارِ وَ مَا أَشْبَهَهَا".

Hadith.3638 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Handle your major affairs personally, and delegate the smaller ones to others." It was asked: "What kind of tasks are you referring to?" Imam (as) replied: "Matters like buying and selling properties and similar transactions."

3639 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْأَرْقَطِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ تَكُونَنَّ دَوَّاراً فِي اَلْأَسْوَاقِ وَ لاَ تَلِي شِرَاءَ دَقَائِقِ اَلْأَشْيَاءِ بِنَفْسِكَ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمَرْءِ اَلْمُسْلِمِ ذِي اَلدِّينِ وَ اَلْحَسَبِ أَنْ يَلِيَ شِرَاءَ دَقَائِقِ اَلْأَشْيَاءِ بِنَفْسِهِ مَا خَلاَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَشْيَاءَ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْبَغِي لِذِي اَلدِّينِ وَ اَلْحَسَبِ أَنْ يَلِيَهَا بِنَفْسِهِ اَلْعَقَارَ وَ اَلْإِبِلَ وَ اَلرَّقِيقَ".

Hadith.3639 - It is narrated from Al-Arqat that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Do not spend your time wandering through markets, nor personally handle the purchase of minor goods. It does not befit a Muslim who possesses faith and honor to involve himself directly in purchasing small items-except in three matters. It is proper for a man of faith and dignity to personally handle these three matters: buying real estate, camels, and slaves."

3640 - وَ رَوَى هِشَامُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَحْتَطِبُ وَ يَسْتَقِي وَ يَكْنُسُ وَ كَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَيْهَا اَلسَّلاَمُ تَطْحَنُ وَ تَعْجِنُ وَ تَخْبِزُ".

Hadith.3640 - Hisham ibn Salim narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "Commander of the Faithful (as) used to gather firewood, draw water, and sweep, while Sayiida Fatimah {s.a} used to grind, knead, and bake."

3641 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مُشْتَرِي اَلْعَقَارِ مَرْزُوقٌ وَ بَائِعُ اَلْعَقَارِ مَمْحُوقٌ ".

Hadith.3641 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "The buyer of real estate is blessed, while the seller of real estate is deprived."

3642 - وَ رَوَى زُرَارَةُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَا يُخَلِّفُ اَلرَّجُلُ بَعْدَهُ شَيْئاً أَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اَلْمَالِ اَلصَّامِتِ " قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ "يَضَعُهُ فِي اَلْحَائِطِ وَ اَلْبُسْتَانِ وَ اَلدَّارِ".

Hadith.3642 - Zurara narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): "A man does not leave behind anything more burdensome upon him than silent wealth (hoarded wealth)." I asked him, "What should he do with it?" Imam (as) replied: "Invest it in walls, orchards, and houses."

3643 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلصَّمَدِ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلْمَدِينَةَ خَطَّ دُورَهَا بِرِجْلِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ " اَللَّهُمَّ مَنْ بَاعَ رُقْعَةً مِنْ أَرْضٍ فَلاَ تُبَارِكْ فِيهِ " ".

Hadith.3643 - Abdul-Samad ibn Bashir narrate from Muawiyah ibn Ammar from Abu Abdullah (as): "When the Messenger of Allah (swt) entered Medina, he marked its houses with his foot and then said: 'O Allah (swt), do not bless anyone who sells a piece of land from it.' "

3644 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَكْتُوبٌ فِي اَلتَّوْرَاةِ أَنَّهُ مَنْ بَاعَ أَرْضاً وَ مَاءً فَلَمْ يَضَعْ ثَمَنَهُ فِي أَرْضٍ وَ مَاءٍ ذَهَبَ ثَمَنُهُ مَحْقاً ".

Hadith.3644 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "It is written in the Torah that whoever sells land and water, and does not invest its price in land and water, its price will be lost in ruin."

3645 - وَ رَوَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ كَسْبِ اَلْحَجَّامِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3645 - Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): I asked him about the earnings of a cupper (bloodletter). Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3646 - وَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَنْ عَسِيبِ اَلْفَحْلِ وَ هُوَ أَجْرُ اَلضِّرَابِ.

Hadith.3646 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) forbade 'Aseeb Al-Fahl', which is the fee for the mating of a stallion.

3647 - وَ سَأَلَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ : عَنْ ثَمَنِ كَلْبِ اَلصَّيْدِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِثَمَنِهِ وَ اَلْآخَرُ لاَ يَحِلُّ ثَمَنُهُ".

Hadith.3647 - Abu Basir asked him about the price of a hunting dog. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in its price, but as for the other type, its price is not permissible."

3648 - وَ قَالَ : "أَجْرُ اَلزَّانِيَةِ سُحْتٌ وَ ثَمَنُ اَلْكَلْبِ اَلَّذِي لَيْسَ بِكَلْبِ اَلصَّيْدِ سُحْتٌ وَ ثَمَنُ اَلْخَمْرِ سُحْتٌ وَ أَجْرُ اَلْكَاهِنِ سُحْتٌ وَ ثَمَنُ اَلْمَيْتَةِ سُحْتٌ فَأَمَّا اَلرِّشَا فِي اَلْحُكْمِ فَهُوَ اَلْكُفْرُ بِاللَّهِ اَلْعَظِيمِ".

Hadith.3648 - Imam (as) said: "The wage of a prostitute is unlawful (suht), the price of a dog that is not a hunting dog is unlawful (suht), the price of wine is unlawful (suht), the earnings of a soothsayer are unlawful (suht), and the price of a dead animal is unlawful (suht). As for bribes in judgment, they amount to disbelief in Allah (swt), the Almighty."

3649 - وَ رُوِيَ : "أَنَّ أَجْرَ اَلْمُغَنِّي وَ اَلْمُغَنِّيَةِ سُحْتٌ ".

Hadith.3649 - It is narrated: "The earnings of a male singer and a female singer are unlawful (suht)."

3650 - : وَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَنْ أُجْرَةِ اَلْقَارِئِ اَلَّذِي لاَ يَقْرَأُ إِلاَّ عَلَى أَجْرٍ مَشْرُوطٍ.

Hadith.3650 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, forbade taking payment for recitation by one who does not recite except on a stipulated fee.

3651 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ اَلْمُخْتَارِ اَلْقَلاَنِسِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّا نَعْمَلُ اَلْقَلاَنِسَ فَنَجْعَلُ فِيهَا اَلْقُطْنَ اَلْعَتِيقَ فَنَبِيعُهَا وَ لاَ نُبَيِّنُ لَهُمْ مَا فِيهَا فَقَالَ "إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ لَكَ أَنْ تُبَيِّنَ لَهُمْ مَا فِيهَا".

Hadith.3651 - Al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar al-Qalanisi narrated: I said to Abu Abdullah (as), 'We make caps and place old cotton inside them, then sell them without informing the buyers of what is inside.' Imam (as) replied: 'I would prefer that you inform them about what is inside.'

3652 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ آكِلَ مَالِ اَلْيَتِيمِ سَيَلْحَقُهُ وَبَالُ ذَلِكَ فِي اَلدُّنْيَا وَ اَلْآخِرَةِ أَمَّا فِي اَلدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: ۝ وَ لْيَخْشَ اَلَّذِينَ لَوْ تَرَكُوا مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّةً ضِعٰافاً خٰافُوا عَلَيْهِمْ فَلْيَتَّقُوا اَللّٰهَ ۝ وَ أَمَّا فِي اَلْآخِرَةِ فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: ۝ إِنَّ اَلَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوٰالَ اَلْيَتٰامىٰ ظُلْماً إِنَّمٰا يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ نٰاراً وَ سَيَصْلَوْنَ سَعِيراً ۝ "

Hadith.3652 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Indeed, the one who consumes the wealth of an orphan will face its consequences both in this world and in the Hereafter. As for this world, Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'And let those fear who, if they left behind weak offspring, would be afraid for them. So let them fear Allah (swt)...' (Surah An-Nisa 4:9). And as for the Hereafter, Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'Indeed, those who devour the property of orphans unjustly are only consuming into their bellies fire. And they will be burned in a Blaze.' (Surah An-Nisa 4:10)."

3653 - وَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : رَجُلٌ يُبَذْرِقُ اَلْقَوَافِلَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَمْرِ اَلسُّلْطَانِ فِي مَوْضِعٍ مُخِيفٍ وَ يُشَارِطُونَهُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مُسَمًّى أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ مِنْهُمْ أَمْ لاَ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِذَا آجَرَ نَفْسَهُ بِشَيْءٍ مَعْرُوفٍ أَخَذَ حَقَّهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ".

Hadith.3653 - Muhammad bin Al-Hasan Al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, wrote to Imam Abu Muhammad Al-Hasan bin Ali (as) asking: "A man escorts caravans without the order of the ruler in a fearful place, and they agree with him on a specific payment. Is it permissible for him to take it from them or not?" Imam (as) said: "If he hires himself out for a well-known payment, he may take his due, Allah (swt) willing."

3654 - وَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ اَلْيَقْطِينِيُّ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْعَسْكَرِيِّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ دَفَعَ اِبْنَهُ إِلَى رَجُلٍ وَ سَلَّمَهُ مِنْهُ سَنَةً بِأُجْرَةٍ مَعْلُومَةٍ لِيَخِيطَ لَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَقَالَ لَهُ سَلِّمْ اِبْنَكَ مِنِّي سَنَةً بِزِيَادَةٍ هَلْ لَهُ اَلْخِيَارُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْسَخَ مَا وَافَقَ عَلَيْهِ اَلْأَوَّلُ أَمْ لاَ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِخَطِّهِ "يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ اَلْوَفَاءُ لِلْأَوَّلِ مَا لَمْ يَعْرِضْ لاِبْنِهِ مَرَضٌ أَوْ ضَعْفٌ".

Hadith.3654 - Muhammad bin Isa bin Ubaid Al-Yaqtini wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Imam Ali bin Muhammad Al-Askari (as), asking: "A man entrusted his son to another man and handed him over for a year with a known wage to sew for him. Then another man came and said to him, 'Hand over your son to me for a year with an increased wage.' Does he have the choice in this matter, and is it permissible for him to revoke the agreement made with the first man or not?" Imam (as) replied in his handwriting: 'He must fulfill the agreement with the first man unless his son faces illness or weakness.'

3655 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ اَلْبَرْقِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْإِجَارَةِ فَقَالَ "صَالِحٌ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَا إِذَا نَصَحَ قَدْرَ طَاقَتِهِ قَدْ آجَرَ نَفْسَهُ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ اِشْتَرَطَ قَالَ إِنْ شِئْتُ ثَمَانِياً وَ إِنْ شِئْتُ عَشْراً فَأَنْزَلَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِ ۝ عَلىٰ أَنْ تَأْجُرَنِي ثَمٰانِيَ حِجَجٍ فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْراً فَمِنْ عِنْدِكَ ۝ ".

Hadith.3655 - Muhammad bin Khalid Al-Barqi narrated from Muhammad bin Sinan, who narrated from Abu Al-Hasan (as) that he said: I asked him about hiring (employment). Imam (as) said: 'It is permissible and there is no harm in it as long as one does it sincerely and to the best of his ability. Indeed, Musa bin Imran (as) hired himself out and stipulated: "If you wish, for eight years, and if you wish, for ten years." Then Allah (swt), the Exalted, revealed regarding him: That you serve me for eight years, but if you complete ten, it will be of your own accord.'' (Surah Al-Qasas 28:27)

3656 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي اَلْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ اَلسَّابَاطِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَتَّجِرُ وَ إِنْ هُوَ آجَرَ نَفْسَهُ أُعْطِيَ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا يُصِيبُ فِي تِجَارَتِهِ قَالَ "لاَ يُؤَاجِرْ نَفْسَهُ وَ لَكِنْ يَسْتَرْزِقُ اَللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَ يَتَّجِرُ فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا آجَرَ نَفْسَهُ حَظَرَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ اَلرِّزْقَ".

Hadith.3656 - Muhammad bin Amr bin Abi Al-Miqdam narrated from Ammar Al-Sabati, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about a man who trades but, if he hires himself out, earns more than he does in his trade. Imam (as) said: 'He should not hire himself out but rather seek sustenance from Allah (swt), the Exalted, and continue trading. For if he hires himself out, he will restrict his sustenance.'

3657 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْجُعْفِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنْ آجَرَ نَفْسَهُ فَقَدْ حَظَرَ عَلَيْهَا اَلرِّزْقَ وَ كَيْفَ لاَ يَحْظُرُ عَلَيْهَا اَلرِّزْقَ وَ مَا أَصَابَ فَهُوَ لِرَبٍّ آجَرَهُ".

Hadith.3657 - Abdullah bin Muhammad Al-Ju'fi narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: 'Whoever hires himself out has restricted his sustenance. And how could he not restrict his sustenance when whatever he earns belongs to the master who hired him?'

3658 - وَ رَوَى هَارُونُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ اَلْغَنَوِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِسْتَأْجَرَ أَجِيراً فَلَمْ يَأْمَنْ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ فَوَضَعَ اَلْأَجْرَ عَلَى يَدَيْ رَجُلٍ فَهَلَكَ ذَلِكَ اَلرَّجُلُ وَ لَمْ يَدَعْ وَفَاءً وَ اُسْتُهْلِكَ اَلْأَجْرُ فَقَالَ "اَلْمُسْتَأْجِرُ ضَامِنٌ لِأَجْرِ اَلْأَجِيرِ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ اَلْأَجِيرُ دَعَاهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ فَرَضِيَ بِهِ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ فَحَقُّهُ حَيْثُ وَضَعَهُ وَ رَضِيَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3658 - Harun bin Hamzah Al-Ghanawi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: I asked him about a man who hired a laborer, but neither of them trusted the other, so they deposited the wages with a third person. Then that third person died without leaving anything to cover the wages, and the wages were lost. Imam (as) said: 'The employer is responsible for the wages of the laborer until they are settled, unless the laborer had invited the employer to do so and agreed to it. If he did, then his right is where he placed it and what he agreed upon.'

3659 - وَ رَوَى عُبَيْدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : لَهُ "يَا عُبَيْدُ إِنَّ اَلسَّرَفَ يُورِثُ اَلْفَقْرَ وَ إِنَّ اَلْقَصْدَ يُورِثُ اَلْغِنَى".

Hadith.3659 - Ubayd bin Zurarah narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), that he said to him: 'O Ubayd, extravagance leads to poverty, and moderation leads to wealth.'

3660 - وَ سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُعَالِجُ اَلدَّوَاءَ لِلنَّاسِ فَيَأْخُذُ عَلَيْهِ جُعْلاً قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3660 - Muhammad bin Muslim asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), about a man who prepares medicine for people and takes a fee for it. Imam (as) said: 'There is no harm in it.'

3661 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَارَةَ عَنْ هِنْدٍ اَلسَّرَّاجِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَحْمِلُ اَلسِّلاَحَ إِلَى أَهْلِ اَلشَّامِ فَأَبِيعُهُ مِنْهُمْ فَلَمَّا عَرَّفَنِيَ اَللَّهُ هَذَا اَلْأَمْرَ ضِقْتُ بِذَلِكَ اَلسِّلاَحِ قُلْتُ لاَ أَحْمِلُ إِلَى أَعْدَاءِ اَللَّهِ قَالَ "اِحْمِلْ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ بِعْهُمْ فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَدْفَعُ بِهِمْ عَدُوَّنَا وَ عَدُوَّكُمْ يَعْنِي اَلرُّومَ " قَالَ "فَإِذَا كَانَتِ اَلْحَرْبُ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَمَنْ حَمَلَ إِلَى عَدُوِّنَا سِلاَحاً يَسْتَعِينُونَ بِهِ عَلَيْنَا فَهُوَ مُشْرِكٌ".

Hadith.3661 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Ali bin al-Hasan bin Ribaat, from Abu Sarah, from Hind al-Sarraj, who said: I said to Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): 'May Allah (swt) set you aright. I used to carry weapons to the people of Sham and sell them. But when Allah (swt) made me aware of this matter, I became distressed about that weaponry. I said, I will not carry it to the enemies of Allah (swt).' Imam (as) said: 'Carry it to them and sell it, for Allah (swt), the Exalted, uses them to repel our enemies and your enemies, meaning the Romans.' Imam (as) continued, 'But if there is a war between us and them, whoever carries weapons to our enemy that they use against us is a polytheist.'

3662 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا تَرَى فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَلِي أَعْمَالَ اَلسُّلْطَانِ لَيْسَ لَهُ مَكْسَبٌ إِلاَّ مِنْ أَعْمَالِهِمْ وَ أَنَا أَمُرُّ بِهِ وَ أَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِ فَيُضِيفُنِي وَ يُحْسِنُ إِلَيَّ وَ رُبَّمَا أَمَرَ لِي بِالدَّرَاهِمِ وَ اَلْكِسْوَةِ وَ قَدْ ضَاقَ صَدْرِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِي "خُذْ وَ كُلْ مِنْهُ فَلَكَ اَلْمَهْنَأُ وَ عَلَيْهِ اَلْوِزْرُ".

Hadith.3662 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrate from Abu Walad who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as), 'What do you think about a man who holds positions in the service of the Sultan and has no means of livelihood except through his work for them? I pass by him, and he hosts me, treats me kindly, and sometimes gives me dirhams and clothing. I feel uneasy about this.' Imam (as) said to me: 'Take it and eat from it, for the benefit is yours, and the sin is upon him.'

3663 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْمَغْرَاءِ قَالَ : سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ أَمُرُّ بِالْعَامِلِ أَوْ آتِي اَلْعَامِلَ فَيُجِيزُنِي بِالدَّرَاهِمِ آخُذُهَا قَالَ "نَعَمْ" قُلْتُ وَ أَحُجُّ بِهَا قَالَ "نَعَمْ وَ حُجَّ بِهَا".

Hadith.3663 - It is narrated from Abu al-Maghra, who said: A man asked Abu Abdullah (as), while I was present, 'May Allah (swt) rectify your affairs. I pass by the official or go to the official, and he grants me dirhams. Should I take them?' Imam (as) said: 'Yes.' I asked: 'Can I perform Hajj with them?' Imam (as) said: 'Yes, and perform Hajj with them.'

3664 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ يَقْطِينٍ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ لِلَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مَعَ اَلسُّلْطَانِ أَوْلِيَاءَ يَدْفَعُ بِهِمْ عَنْ أَوْلِيَائِهِ ".

Hadith.3664 - It is narrated from Ali ibn Yaqtin who said: Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) said to me: 'Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, has allies among the rulers through whom He (swt) repels harm from His (swt) friends.'

3665 - وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ : "أُولَئِكَ عُتَقَاءُ اَللَّهِ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ".

Hadith.3665 - And in another narration: "They are the freed ones of Allah (swt) from the Fire."

3666 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كَفَّارَةُ عَمَلِ اَلسُّلْطَانِ قَضَاءُ حَوَائِجِ اَلْإِخْوَانِ".

Hadith.3666 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "The expiation for working for the ruler is fulfilling the needs of the brothers."

3667 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : بَعَثَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلاً إِلَى زِيَادِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ فَقَالَ "وَلِّ ذَا بَعْضَ عَمَلِكَ".

Hadith.3667 - It is narrated from Ubayd ibn Zurarah that he said: Abu Abdillah (as) sent a man to Ziyad ibn Ubaydillah and said: "Appoint this person to some of your work."

3668 - رَوَى حَرِيزٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ لاِبْنِهِ مَالٌ فَاحْتَاجَ إِلَيْهِ اَلْأَبُ قَالَ "يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ وَ أَمَّا اَلْأُمُّ فَلاَ تَأْخُذْ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ قَرْضاً عَلَى نَفْسِهَا".

Hadith.3668 - Hariz narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim who said: I asked him about a man whose son has wealth, and the father is in need of it. Imam (as) said: "He may take from it, but as for the mother, she should not take from it except as a loan upon herself."

3669 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَبِي اَلْعَلاَءِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا يَحِلُّ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْ مَالِ وُلْدِهِ قَالَ "قُوتُهُ بِغَيْرِ سَرَفٍ إِذَا اُضْطُرَّ إِلَيْهِ " قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَقَوْلُ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "أَنْتَ وَ مَالُكَ لِأَبِيكَ" فَقَالَ "إِنَّمَا جَاءَ بِأَبِيهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ هَذَا أَبِي وَ قَدْ ظَلَمَنِي مِيرَاثِي مِنْ أُمِّي فَأَخْبَرَهُ اَلْأَبُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَنْفَقَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ "أَنْتَ وَ مَالُكَ لِأَبِيكَ" وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَ اَلرَّجُلِ شَيْءٌ أَ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَحْبِسُ أَباً لاِبْنٍ".

Hadith.3669 - Al-Husayn ibn Abi Al-Ala narrated that he said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "What is permissible for a man to take from the wealth of his child?" Imam (as) said: "His sustenance without extravagance if he is in need." He said: "I then asked him about the saying of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), 'You and your wealth belong to your father.'" Imam (as) replied: "Indeed, the father brought his case to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah (swt), this is my son, and he has wronged me concerning my inheritance from his mother.' The father then informed him that he had spent it on him and on himself. So, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'You and your wealth belong to your father.' The man had nothing left with him, so would the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) imprison a father for the sake of his son?'"

3670 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لَيْسَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ مَعَ زَوْجِهَا أَمْرٌ فِي عِتْقٍ وَ لاَ صَدَقَةٍ وَ لاَ تَدْبِيرٍ وَ لاَ هِبَةٍ وَ لاَ نَذْرٍ فِي مَالِهَا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا إِلاَّ فِي زَكَاةٍ أَوْ بِرِّ وَالِدَيْهَا أَوْ صِلَةِ قَرَابَتِهَا".

Hadith.3670 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "A woman has no authority with her husband regarding emancipation, charity, endowment, gift, or vow concerning her wealth, except with her husband's permission-except in the case of Zakat, kindness to her parents, or maintaining ties with her relatives."

3671 - وَ - قِيلَ لِلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ اَلنَّاسَ يَرْوُونَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ "إِنَّ اَلصَّدَقَةَ لاَ تَحِلُّ لِغَنِيٍّ وَ لاَ لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِيٍّ" فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "قَدْ قَالَ لِغَنِيٍّ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِيٍّ".

Hadith.3671 - It was said to Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "People narrate from the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) that he said: 'Charity is not permissible for a wealthy person nor for one who is strong and able-bodied.'" Imam (as) replied: "He (sw) indeed said it is not permissible for a wealthy person, but he (sw) did not say for one who is strong and able-bodied."

3672 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو اَلْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لَإِسْمَاعُ اَلْأَصَمِّ مِنْ غَيْرِ ضَجَرٍ صَدَقَةٌ هَنِيئَةٌ".

Hadith.3672 - Abu Al-Bakhtari narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "Helping a deaf person to hear without annoyance is a pleasant charity."

3673 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لِرَجُلٍ "أَصْبَحْتَ صَائِماً" قَالَ لاَ قَالَ "فَعُدْتَ مَرِيضاً" قَالَ لاَ قَالَ "فَاتَّبَعْتَ جَنَازَةً" قَالَ لاَ قَالَ "فَأَطْعَمْتَ مِسْكِيناً" قَالَ لاَ قَالَ "فَارْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِكَ فَأَصِبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدَقَةٌ".

Hadith.3673 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said to a man: "Did you wake up fasting?" He replied: "No." He (sw) said: "Then did you visit a sick person?" He replied: "No." He (sw) said: "Then did you follow a funeral procession?" He replied: "No." He (sw) said: "Then did you feed a poor person?" He replied: "No." He (sw) said: "Then return to your family and be with them, for that is a charity from you to them."

3674 - وَ أَتَى رَجُلٌ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ اَللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ "وَ لَكِنِّي أُبْغِضُكَ" قَالَ وَ لِمَ قَالَ "لِأَنَّكَ تَبْغِي فِي اَلْأَذَانِ كَسْباً وَ تَأْخُذُ عَلَى تَعْلِيمِ اَلْقُرْآنِ أَجْراً".

Hadith.3674 - A man came to the Commander of the Faithful (as) and said: "O Commander of the Faithful, by Allah (swt), I love you." Imam (as) said to him: "But I dislike you." The man asked: "Why?" Imam (as) replied: "Because you seek profit through the call to prayer (Adhan) and take payment for teaching the Quran."

3675 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ أَخَذَ عَلَى تَعْلِيمِ اَلْقُرْآنِ أَجْراً كَانَ حَظَّهُ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ ".

Hadith.3675 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whoever takes payment for teaching the Quran, his share will be [taken] on the Day of Judgment."

3676 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَكَمُ بْنُ مِسْكِينٍ عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ بْنِ اَلْأَعْشَى قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي أَقْرَأُ اَلْقُرْآنَ فَتُهْدَى إِلَيَّ اَلْهَدِيَّةُ فَأَقْبَلُهَا قَالَ "لاَ" قُلْتُ إِنْ لَمْ أُشَارِطْهُ قَالَ "أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ تَقْرَأْهُ أَ كَانَ يُهْدِي لَكَ" قَالَ قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ "فَلاَ تَقْبَلْهُ".

Hadith.3676 - Al-Hakam ibn Miskin narrated from Qutaybah ibn Al-A'sha who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I recite the Quran, and gifts are given to me-should I accept them?" Imam (as) said: "No." I said: "What if I did not stipulate it (as a condition)?" Imam (as) said: "Tell me, if you had not recited it, would they have given you a gift?" I said: "No." Imam (as) said: "Then do not accept it."

3677 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ شَقَفِيٍّ : وَ كَانَ سَاحِراً يَأْتِيهِ اَلنَّاسُ وَ يَأْخُذُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ اَلْأَجْرَ قَالَ فَحَجَجْتُ فَلَقِيتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِمِنًى فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَنَا رَجُلٌ كَانَتْ صِنَاعَتِيَ اَلسِّحْرَ وَ كُنْتُ آخُذُ عَلَيْهِ اَلْأَجْرَ وَ قَدْ حَجَجْتُ وَ مَنَّ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيَّ بِلِقَائِكَ وَ قَدْ تُبْتُ إِلَى اَللَّهِ فَهَلْ لِي فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ مَخْرَجٌ فَقَالَ "نَعَمْ حُلَّ وَ لاَ تَعْقِدْ".

Hadith.3677 - It is narrated from Isa ibn Shaqafi, who was a sorcerer to whom people would come, and he used to take payment for it. He said: I performed Hajj and met Abu Abdillah (as) in Mina. I said to Him (as): "May I be your ransom! I am a man whose profession was sorcery, and I used to take payment for it. I have performed Hajj, and Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, has blessed me with meeting you, and I have repented to Allah (swt). Is there any way out for me regarding it?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, undo (the spells) and do not tie (them)."

3678 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ مَرَّ بِبَسَاتِينَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ ثِمَارِهَا وَ لاَ يَحْمِلْ مَعَهُ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً".

Hadith.3678 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever passes by orchards, there is no harm in eating from their fruits, but he should not carry anything from them with him."

3679 - رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "تَعَوَّذُوا بِاللَّهِ مِنْ غَلَبَةِ اَلدَّيْنِ وَ غَلَبَةِ اَلرِّجَالِ وَ بَوَارِ اَلْأَيِّمِ ".

Hadith.3679 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abdur-Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "Seek refuge with Allah (swt) from the burden of debt, the dominance of men, and the ruin of the unmarried."

3680 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "إِيَّاكُمْ وَ اَلدَّيْنَ فَإِنَّهُ شَيْنٌ لِلدِّينِ".

Hadith.3680 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Beware of debt, for it is a disgrace to religion."

3681 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِيَّاكُمْ وَ اَلدَّيْنَ فَإِنَّهُ هَمٌّ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ ذُلٌّ بِالنَّهَارِ".

Hadith.3681 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Beware of debt, for it is worry at night and humiliation during the day."

3682 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِيَّاكُمْ وَ اَلدَّيْنَ فَإِنَّهُ مَذَلَّةٌ بِالنَّهَارِ وَ مَهَمَّةٌ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ قَضَاءٌ فِي اَلدُّنْيَا وَ قَضَاءٌ فِي اَلْآخِرَةِ ".

Hadith.3682 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Beware of debt, for it is humiliation during the day, worry at night, accountability in this world, and accountability in the Hereafter."

3683 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّهُ ذُكِرَ لَنَا أَنَّ رَجُلاً مِنَ اَلْأَنْصَارِ مَاتَ وَ عَلَيْهِ دِينَارَانِ دَيْناً فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيْهِ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ قَالَ "صَلُّوا عَلَى أَخِيكُمْ حَتَّى ضَمِنَهُمَا عَنْهُ بَعْضُ قَرَابَاتِهِ" فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "ذَاكَ اَلْحَقُّ" ثُمَّ قَالَ "إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِنَّمَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ لِيَتَّعِظُوا وَ لِيَرُدَّ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَ لِئَلاَّ يَسْتَخِفُّوا بِالدَّيْنِ وَ قَدْ مَاتَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ قُتِلَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ مَاتَ اَلْحَسَنُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ قُتِلَ اَلْحُسَيْنُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ".

Hadith.3683 - It is narrated from Mu'awiyah ibn Wahb who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "It has been mentioned to us that a man from the Ansar died while owing two dinars as debt, so the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) did not pray over him and said: 'Pray over your brother,' until one of his relatives guaranteed them on his behalf." Abu Abdillah (as) said: "That is true." Then Imam (as) said: "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) did that so they would take heed, and so that they would support one another, and so that they would not take debt lightly. And yet the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) died while he was in debt, the Commander of the Faithful (as) was killed while he was in debt, Al-Hasan (as) died while he was in debt, and Al-Husayn (as) was killed while he was in debt."

3684 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْأَوَّلِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنْ طَلَبَ اَلرِّزْقَ مِنْ حِلِّهِ فَغُلِبَ فَلْيَسْتَقْرِضْ عَلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ".

Hadith.3684 - It is narrated from Musa ibn Bakr, from Abu Al-Hasan Al-Awwal (as), who said: "Whoever seeks sustenance through lawful means and is overcome, let him borrow in the name of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, and His Messenger (peace be upon him and his family)."

3685 - وَ رَوَى اَلْمِيثَمِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ - جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَسْتَقْرِضُ اَلرَّجُلُ وَ يَحُجُّ قَالَ "نَعَمْ" قُلْتُ يَسْتَقْرِضُ وَ يَتَزَوَّجُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ إِنَّهُ يَنْتَظِرُ رِزْقَ اَللَّهِ غُدْوَةً وَ عَشِيَّةً".

Hadith.3685 - Al-Mithami narrated from Abu Musa who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as)-"May I be your ransom! Can a man borrow and perform Hajj?" Imam (as) said: "Yes." I said: "Can he borrow and get married?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, for he awaits the provision of Allah (swt) morning and evening."

3686 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي ثُمَامَةَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ اَلثَّانِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُلاَزِمَ مَكَّةَ وَ اَلْمَدِينَةَ وَ عَلَيَّ دَيْنٌ فَمَا تَقُولُ قَالَ "اِرْجِعْ إِلَى مُؤَدَّى دَيْنِكَ وَ اُنْظُرْ أَنْ تَلْقَى اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ دَيْنٌ فَإِنَّ اَلْمُؤْمِنَ لاَ يَخُونُ".

Hadith.3686 - It is narrated from Abu Thumamah who said: I said to Abu Ja'far Al-Thani (as), "I wish to remain in Makkah and Madinah, but I have a debt upon me. What do you advise?" Imam (as) said: "Return and pay off your debt, and make sure you meet Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, without any debt upon you, for the believer does not betray."

3687 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ يَنْوِي قَضَاءَهُ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَافِظَانِ يُعِينَانِهِ عَلَى اَلْأَدَاءِ عَنْ أَمَانَتِهِ فَإِنْ قَصَرَتْ نِيَّتُهُ عَنِ اَلْأَدَاءِ قَصَرَا عَنْهُ مِنَ اَلْمَعُونَةِ بِقَدْرِ مَا قَصَرَ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ".

Hadith.3687 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever has a debt and intends to repay it, Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, appoints two angels to assist him in fulfilling his trust. But if his intention to repay falls short, their assistance will also decrease in proportion to his intention."

3688 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ بَشَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "أَوَّلُ قَطْرَةٍ مِنْ دَمِ اَلشَّهِيدِ كَفَّارَةٌ لِذُنُوبِهِ إِلاَّ اَلدَّيْنَ فَإِنَّ كَفَّارَتَهُ قَضَاؤُهُ".

Hadith.3688 - It is narrated from Aban, from Bashshar, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said: "The first drop of the martyr's blood is an expiation for his sins-except for debt, for its expiation is its repayment."

3689 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ أَتَى رَجُلاً فَاسْتَقْرَضَ مِنْهُ مَالاً وَ فِي نِيَّتِهِ أَلاَّ يُؤَدِّيَهُ فَذَلِكَ اَللِّصُّ اَلْعَادِي".

Hadith.3689 - Abu Khadijah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "Any man who goes to another man and borrows money from him while intending not to repay it, then he is a thief and a transgressor."

3690 - وَ رَوَى سَمَاعَةُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ مِنَّا يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ اَلشَّيْءُ يَتَبَلَّغُ بِهِ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ أَ يُطْعِمُهُ عِيَالَهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِمَيْسَرَةٍ فَيَقْضِيَ دَيْنَهُ أَوْ يَسْتَقْرِضُ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ فِي خُبْثِ اَلزَّمَانِ وَ شِدَّةِ اَلْمَكَاسِبِ أَوْ يَقْبَلُ اَلصَّدَقَةَ فَقَالَ "يَقْضِي بِمَا عِنْدَهُ دَيْنَهُ وَ لاَ يَأْكُلُ أَمْوَالَ اَلنَّاسِ إِلاَّ وَ عِنْدَهُ مَا يُؤَدِّي إِلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: ۝ وَ لاٰ تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوٰالَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِالْبٰاطِلِ ۝ ".

Hadith.3690 - Sama'ah ibn Mihran narrated that he said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man among us has something with which he can sustain himself, but he is in debt. Should he feed his family with it until Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, provides him with ease so he can repay his debt, or should he borrow despite the difficulty of the times and the hardship of earning, or should he accept charity?" Imam (as) said: "He should use what he has to repay his debt and should not consume people's wealth unless he has the means to repay them. Indeed, Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, says: 'And do not consume one another's wealth unjustly.'" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:188)

3691 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو حَمْزَةَ اَلثُّمَالِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "مَنْ حَبَسَ حَقَّ اِمْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ وَ هُوَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ إِيَّاهُ مَخَافَةَ مِنْ أَنَّهُ إِنْ خَرَجَ ذَلِكَ اَلْحَقُّ مِنْ يَدِهِ أَنْ يَفْتَقِرَ كَانَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَقْدَرَ عَلَى أَنْ يُفْقِرَهُ مِنْهُ عَلَى أَنْ يُغْنِيَ نَفْسَهُ بِحَبْسِهِ ذَلِكَ اَلْحَقَّ ".

Hadith.3691 - Abu Hamzah Al-Thumali narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that he said: "Whoever withholds the right of a Muslim while he is able to give it to him, out of fear that if he lets go of that right he might become poor, then Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, is more capable of making him poor than he is of enriching himself by withholding that right."

3692 - وَ رَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَعَ صَاحِبِ اَلدَّيْنِ حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَهُ مَا لَمْ يَأْخُذْهُ مِمَّا يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3692 - Isma'il ibn Abi Fudayk narrated from Abu Abdillah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, is with the debtor until he repays his debt, as long as he did not acquire it through what is forbidden to him."

3693 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ اَلْعِجْلِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ عَلَيَّ دَيْناً لِأَيْتَامٍ وَ أَخَافُ إِنْ بِعْتُ ضَيْعَتِي بَقِيتُ وَ مَا لِيَ شَيْءٌ قَالَ "لاَ تَبِعْ ضَيْعَتَكَ وَ لَكِنْ أَعْطِ بَعْضاً وَ أَمْسِكْ بَعْضاً".

Hadith.3693 - It is narrated from Burayd Al-Ijli who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I owe a debt to orphans, and I fear that if I sell my estate, I will be left with nothing." Imam (as) said: "Do not sell your estate; rather, give some and keep some."

3694 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "لَيْسَ مِنْ غَرِيمٍ يَنْطَلِقُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ غَرِيمُهُ رَاضِياً إِلاَّ صَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِ دَوَابُّ اَلْأَرْضِ وَ نُونُ اَلْبُحُورِ وَ لَيْسَ مِنْ غَرِيمٍ يَنْطَلِقُ صَاحِبُهُ غَضْبَانَ وَ هُوَ مَلِيٌّ إِلاَّ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِكُلِّ يَوْمِ يَحْبِسُهُ أَوْ لَيْلَةٍ ظُلْماً ".

Hadith.3694 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "There is no debtor whose creditor leaves him satisfied except that the creatures of the earth and the fish in the seas pray for him. And there is no debtor whose creditor leaves him angry while he is capable of paying, except that Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, records for him-each day or night that he withholds payment unjustly-a sin."

3695 - وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ عَنْ خَضِرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو اَلنَّخَعِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ مَالٌ فَيَجْحَدُهُ قَالَ "إِنِ اِسْتَحْلَفَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ بَعْدَ اَلْيَمِينِ شَيْئاً وَ إِنْ حَبَسَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً وَ إِنْ تَرَكَهُ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَحْلِفْهُ فَهُوَ عَلَى حَقِّهِ".

Hadith.3695 - Ibrahim ibn Abdul Hamid narrated from Khidr ibn Amr Al-Nakha'i, from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding a man who has money owed to him by another man, but the debtor denies it. Imam (as) said: "If he makes him swear an oath, then he has no right to take anything from him after the oath. And if he imprisons him, he has no right to take anything from him. But if he leaves him and does not make him swear, then his right remains intact."

3696 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ رِئَابٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَقَعَ لِي عِنْدَهُ مَالٌ فَكَابَرَنِي عَلَيْهِ وَ حَلَفَ ثُمَّ وَقَعَ لَهُ عِنْدِي مَالٌ أَ فَآخُذُهُ مَكَانَ مَالِيَ اَلَّذِي أَخَذَهُ وَ أَحْلِفُ عَلَيْهِ كَمَا صَنَعَ هُوَ فَقَالَ "إِنْ خَانَكَ فَلاَ تَخُنْهُ وَ لاَ تَدْخُلْ فِيمَا عِبْتَهُ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3696 - Ali ibn Ri'ab narrated from Sulayman ibn Khalid who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who owed me money but denied it and swore an oath. Then, some of his money came into my possession. Should I take it in place of what he took from me and swear an oath as he did? Imam (as) said: "If he has betrayed you, do not betray him, and do not commit what you criticized him for."

3697 - وَ رَوَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ حَقٌّ فَيَجْحَدُنِيهِ ثُمَّ يَسْتَوْدِعُنِي مَالاً أَ لِي أَنْ آخُذَ مَالِي عِنْدَهُ قَالَ "لاَ هَذِهِ اَلْخِيَانَةُ".

Hadith.3697 - Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: I said to him, "A man owes me a right but denies it, and then he entrusts me with some money. Is it permissible for me to take my due from it?" Imam (as) said: "No, that would be betrayal."

3698 - وَ رَوَى زَيْدٌ اَلشَّحَّامُ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنِ اِئْتَمَنَكَ بِأَمَانَةٍ فَأَدِّهَا إِلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ خَانَكَ فَلاَ تَخُنْهُ".

Hadith.3698 - Zayd Al-Shahham narrated that Abu Abdillah (as) said to me: "Whoever entrusts you with a trust, then return it to him. And whoever betrays you, do not betray him."

3699 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ اَلْحَضْرَمِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَالٌ فَجَحَدَهُ إِيَّاهُ وَ ذَهَبَ بِهِ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ صَارَ إِلَيْهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ لِلرَّجُلِ اَلَّذِي ذَهَبَ بِمَالِهِ مَالٌ مِثْلُهُ أَ يَأْخُذُهُ مَكَانَ مَالِهِ اَلَّذِي ذَهَبَ بِهِ مِنْهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ يَقُولُ اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي إِنَّمَا آخُذُ هَذَا مَكَانَ مَالِيَ اَلَّذِي أَخَذَهُ مِنِّي ".

Hadith.3699 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Saif ibn Amirah, from Abu Bakr Al-Hadrami, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man had money owed to him by another man, but the debtor denied it and took it away from him. Later, the creditor gained possession of an equivalent amount belonging to the debtor. Can he take it in place of the money that was taken from him?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, and he should say, 'O Allah (swt), I am only taking this in place of my money that he took from me.'"

3700 - وَ - فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ لِيُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ اَلْحَضْرَمِيِّ مِثْلَهُ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : يَقُولُ: " اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي لَمْ آخُذْ مَا أَخَذْتُ مِنْهُ خِيَانَةً وَ لاَ ظُلْماً وَ لَكِنِّي أَخَذْتُهُ مَكَانَ حَقِّي ".

Hadith.3700 - And in another narration from Yunus ibn Abdul Rahman, from Abu Bakr Al-Hadrami, similar to the previous one, except that he said: He should say, "O Allah (swt), I did not take what I took from him as an act of betrayal or injustice, but I took it in place of my rightful due."

3701 - وَ - فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ : "إِنِ اِسْتَحْلَفَهُ عَلَى مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهُ فَجَائِزٌ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْلِفَ إِذَا قَالَ هَذِهِ اَلْكَلِمَةَ".

Hadith.3701 - And in another narration: "If he makes him swear regarding what he took from him, then it is permissible for him to swear if he says this statement."

3702 - لِقَوْلِ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ فَلْيَصْدُقْ وَ مَنْ حُلِفَ لَهُ بِاللَّهِ فَلْيَرْضَ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْضَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اَللَّهِ فِي شَيْءٍ".

Hadith.3702 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever swears by Allah (swt) should speak the truth, and whoever is sworn to by Allah (swt) should be satisfied. And whoever is not satisfied is not from Allah (swt) in any way."

3703 - وَ قَدْ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ زُرْبِيٍّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي أُعَامِلُ قَوْماً فَرُبَّمَا أَرْسَلُوا إِلَيَّ فَأَخَذُوا مِنِّي اَلْجَارِيَةَ وَ اَلدَّابَّةَ فَذَهَبُوا بِهَا مِنِّي ثُمَّ يَدُورُ لَهُمُ اَلْمَالُ عِنْدِي فَآخُذُ مِنْهُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَخَذُوا مِنِّي فَقَالَ "خُذْ مِنْهُمْ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَخَذُوا مِنْكَ وَ لاَ تَزِدْ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3703 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Dawud ibn Zurbi who said: I said to Abu Al-Hasan (as), "I deal with some people, and sometimes they send to me and take a bondwoman or an animal from me, and they take it away. Then their wealth later comes into my possession. Can I take from it an amount equivalent to what they took from me?" Imam (as) said: "Take from them an amount equal to what they took from you and do not take more than that."

3704 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هُذَيْلِ بْنِ حَنَانٍ أَخِي جَعْفَرِ بْنِ حَنَانٍ اَلصَّيْرَفِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي دَفَعْتُ إِلَى أَخِي جَعْفَرٍ مَالاً فَهُوَ يُعْطِينِي مَا أُنْفِقُهُ وَ أَحُجُّ مِنْهُ وَ أَتَصَدَّقُ وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا فَذَكَرُوا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ فَاسِدٌ لاَ يَحِلُّ وَ أَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَنْتَهِيَ فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَى قَوْلِكَ فَقَالَ "أَ كَانَ يَصِلُكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهِ مَالَكَ" قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ "خُذْ مِنْهُ مَا يُعْطِيكَ وَ كُلْ وَ اِشْرَبْ وَ حُجَّ وَ تَصَدَّقْ فَإِذَا قَدِمْتَ اَلْعِرَاقَ فَقُلْ، جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ أَفْتَانِي بِهَذَا".

Hadith.3704 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Hudhayl ibn Hanan, the brother of Ja'far ibn Hanan, the money changer, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I gave my brother Ja'far some money, and he gives me from it what I spend, perform Hajj with, and give in charity. I asked the people around us, and they said that this is invalid and not permissible. I wish to follow your guidance in this matter." Imam (as) said: "Did he use to give to you before you entrusted him with your money?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "Then take what he gives you, eat, drink, perform Hajj, and give in charity. And when you return to Iraq, say, 'Ja'far ibn Muhammad (as) has given me this ruling.'"

3705 - وَ سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَنْزِلُ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ وَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ أَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ فَقَالَ "نَعَمْ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ لاَ يَأْكُلُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَيْئاً".

Hadith.3705 - Sama'ah asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who stays with another man to whom he owes a debt. Is it permissible for him to eat from his food? Imam (as) said: "Yes, he may eat from his food for three days, but after that, he should not eat anything."

3706 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ لاٰ خَيْرَ فِي كَثِيرٍ مِنْ نَجْوٰاهُمْ إِلاّٰ مَنْ أَمَرَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَوْ مَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ إِصْلاٰحٍ بَيْنَ اَلنّٰاسِ ۝ فَقَالَ "يَعْنِي بِالْمَعْرُوفِ اَلْقَرْضَ".

Hadith.3706 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted: "There is no good in much of their secret talk except in one who enjoins charity, or kindness, or reconciliation between people" (Surah An-Nisa 4:114) Imam (as) said: "Kindness refers to giving a loan."

3707 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلصَّبَّاحِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ عَبْدَ اَللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ قَالَ إِنَّا نَسْتَقْرِضُ اَلْخُبْزَ مِنَ اَلْجِيرَانِ فَنَرُدُّ أَصْغَرَ مِنْهُ أَوْ أَكْبَرَ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "نَحْنُ نَسْتَقْرِضُ اَلْجَوْزَ اَلسِّتِّينَ وَ اَلسَّبْعِينَ عَدَداً فَيَكُونُ فِيهِ اَلصَّغِيرَةُ وَ اَلْكَبِيرَةُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3707 - It is narrated from Al-Sabbah ibn Sayabah who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "Abdullah ibn Abi Ya'fur instructed me to ask you-when we borrow bread from our neighbors, we sometimes return it smaller or larger in size. Is this permissible?" Imam (as) said: "We borrow walnuts, sixty or seventy in number, and they may include small and large ones. There is no harm in this."

3708 - قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ أَقْرَضَ قَرْضاً إِلَى مَيْسَرَةٍ كَانَ مَالُهُ فِي زَكَاةٍ وَ كَانَ هُوَ فِي صَلاَةٍ مِنَ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةِ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ ".

Hadith.3708 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "Whoever gives a loan until ease of repayment, his wealth will be considered in Zakat, and the angels will continue praying for him until he receives it back."

3709 - وَ رَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ : "إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ دَيْنٌ ثُمَّ مَاتَ حَلَّ اَلدَّيْنُ ".

Hadith.3709 - Isma'il ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Abdillah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), that he used to say: "If a man has a debt and then dies, the debt becomes due."

3710 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِذَا مَاتَ اَلْمَيِّتُ حَلَّ مَا لَهُ وَ مَا عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3710 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "When a deceased person dies, what he owes and what is owed to him become due."

3711 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ اَلثَّوْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَمُوتُ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ فَيَضْمَنُهُ ضَامِنٌ لِلْغُرَمَاءِ قَالَ "إِذَا رَضِيَ بِهِ اَلْغُرَمَاءُ فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ ذِمَّةُ اَلْمَيِّتِ".

Hadith.3711 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Salih Al-Thawri, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding a man who dies while owing a debt, and a guarantor guarantees it for the creditors. Imam (as) said: "If the creditors are satisfied with him, then the deceased is absolved of liability."

3712 - وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ لِعَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ دَيْناً عَلَى رَجُلٍ وَ قَدْ مَاتَ فَكَلَّمْنَاهُ أَنْ يُحَلِّلَهُ فَأَبَى قَالَ "وَيْحَهُ أَ مَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ لَهُ بِكُلِّ دِرْهَمٍ عَشَرَةً إِذَا حَلَّلَهُ وَ إِذَا لَمْ يُحَلِّلْهُ فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ دِرْهَمٌ بَدَلَ دِرْهَمٍ".

Hadith.3712 - Ibrahim ibn Abdul Hamid narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Khunays who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "Abdur-Rahman ibn Sayabah has a debt owed to him by a man who has died. We spoke to him about forgiving it, but he refused." Imam (as) said: "Woe to him! Does he not know that for every dirham he forgives, he will receive ten in return? But if he does not forgive, then he will only receive a dirham in exchange for a dirham."

3713 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "أَتَى رَجُلٌ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي كَسَبْتُ مَالاً أَغْمَضْتُ فِي طَلَبِهِ حَلاَلاً وَ حَرَاماً فَقَدْ أَرَدْتُ اَلتَّوْبَةَ وَ لاَ أَدْرِي اَلْحَلاَلَ مِنْهُ وَ لاَ اَلْحَرَامَ فَقَدِ اِخْتَلَطَ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَخْرِجْ خُمُسَ مَالِكَ فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ رَضِيَ مِنَ اَلْإِنْسَانِ بِالْخُمُسِ وَ سَائِرُ اَلْمَالِ كُلُّهُ لَكَ حَلاَلٌ" ".

Hadith.3713 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), from his forefathers (peace be upon them) who said: A man came to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) and said: "I have earned wealth, but I was not careful in seeking it, whether it was lawful or unlawful. Now I wish to repent, but I do not know what portion of it is lawful and what is unlawful, as it has become mixed." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Take out one-fifth of your wealth, for Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, has accepted one-fifth from a person, and the rest of the wealth is entirely lawful for you."

3714 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو اَلْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَهْبُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "قَضَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ وَرَثَةً فَأَقَرَّ أَحَدُ اَلْوَرَثَةِ بِدَيْنٍ عَلَى أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ يَلْزَمُهُ ذَلِكَ فِي حِصَّتِهِ بِقَدْرِ مَا وَرِثَ وَ لاَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ فِي مَالِهِ كُلِّهِ فَإِنْ أَقَرَّ اِثْنَانِ مِنَ اَلْوَرَثَةِ وَ كَانَا عَدْلَيْنِ أُجِيزَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى اَلْوَرَثَةِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُونَا عَدْلَيْنِ أُلْزِمَا فِي حِصَّتِهِمَا بِقَدْرِ مَا وَرِثَا وَ كَذَلِكَ إِنْ أَقَرَّ بَعْضُ اَلْوَرَثَةِ بِأَخٍ أَوْ أُخْتٍ إِنَّمَا يَلْزَمُهُ فِي حِصَّتِهِ وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "مَنْ أَقَرَّ لِأَخِيهِ فَهُوَ شَرِيكٌ فِي اَلْمَالِ وَ لاَ يَثْبُتُ نَسَبُهُ وَ إِذَا أَقَرَّ اِثْنَانِ فَكَذَلِكَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَا عَدْلَيْنِ فَيُلْحَقُ نَسَبُهُ وَ يُضْرَبُ فِي اَلْمِيرَاثِ مَعَهُمْ" ".

Hadith.3714 - Abu Al-Bakhtari Wahb ibn Wahb narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) (peace be upon them), who said: Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled concerning a man who died and left heirs. One of the heirs acknowledged a debt against his father. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled that it would be binding upon him in his share, according to what he inherited, and it would not apply to the entire estate. If two of the heirs acknowledged the debt and they were just (trustworthy), then it would be enforced against all the heirs. However, if they were not just, they would only be liable in their shares, based on what they inherited. Similarly, if some of the heirs acknowledged a brother or sister, the acknowledgment would only apply to their share. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whoever acknowledges a brother, he is a partner in the wealth, but his lineage is not established. If two heirs acknowledge him, the same applies-unless they are just (trustworthy), in which case his lineage is established, and he shares in the inheritance with them."

3715 - وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ كَانَ رَجُلاً بَزَّازاً فَذَهَبَ مَالُهُ وَ اِفْتَقَرَ وَ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ عَشَرَةُ آلاَفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَبَاعَ دَاراً لَهُ كَانَ يَسْكُنُهَا بِعَشَرَةِ آلاَفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ حَمَلَ اَلْمَالَ إِلَى بَابِهِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا قَالَ هَذَا مَالُكَ اَلَّذِي لَكَ عَلَيَّ قَالَ وَرِثْتَهُ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ وُهِبَ لَكَ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَقَالَ فَهُوَ ثَمَنُ ضَيْعَةٍ بِعْتَهَا قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَمَا هُوَ قَالَ بِعْتُ دَارِيَ اَلَّتِي أَسْكُنُهَا لِأَقْضِيَ دَيْنِي فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ حَدَّثَنِي ذَرِيحٌ اَلْمُحَارِبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: "لاَ يُخْرَجُ اَلرَّجُلُ عَنْ مَسْقَطِ رَأْسِهِ بِالدَّيْنِ اِرْفَعْهَا فَلاَ حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهَا وَ اَللَّهِ إِنِّي مُحْتَاجٌ فِي وَقْتِي هَذَا إِلَى دِرْهَمٍ وَ مَا يَدْخُلُ مِلْكِي مِنْهَا دِرْهَمٌ".

Hadith.3715 - Ibrahim ibn Hashim narrated that Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr (may Allah (swt) be pleased with him) was a cloth merchant. He lost his wealth and became poor. A man owed him ten thousand dirhams. Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr sold his house, which he lived in, for ten thousand dirhams and brought the money to the debtor's door. Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr came out and asked: "What is this?" The man replied: "This is your money that I owe you." He asked: "Did you inherit it?" The man said: "No." He asked: "Was it gifted to you?" The man said: "No." He asked: "Is it the price of a property you sold?" The man said: "No." He asked: "Then what is it?" The man replied: "I sold the house I live in to repay my debt." Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr (may Allah (swt) be pleased with him) said: "Zarih Al-Muharibi narrated to me from Abu Abdillah (as) that he said: 'A man should not be forced out of his home because of a debt.' Take it back; I have no need for it. By Allah (swt), I am in need of a dirham at this moment, yet not a single dirham of it will enter my possession."

3716 - وَ كَتَبَ يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ إِلَى اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ كَانَ لِي عَلَى رَجُلٍ عَشَرَةُ دَرَاهِمَ وَ إِنَّ اَلسُّلْطَانَ أَسْقَطَ تِلْكَ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ وَ جَاءَ بِدَرَاهِمَ أَعْلَى مِنْ تِلْكَ اَلدَّرَاهِمِ وَ فِي تِلْكَ اَلدَّرَاهِمِ اَلْأُولَى اَلْيَوْمَ وَضِيعَةٌ فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ لِي عَلَيْهِ اَلدَّرَاهِمُ اَلْأُولَى اَلَّتِي أَسْقَطَهَا اَلسُّلْطَانُ أَوِ اَلدَّرَاهِمُ اَلَّتِي أَجَازَهَا اَلسُّلْطَانُ فَكَتَبَ "لَكَ اَلدَّرَاهِمُ اَلْأُولَى".

Hadith.3716 - Yunus ibn Abdul Rahman wrote to Al-Ridha (as), saying: "I had ten dirhams owed to me by a man, but the ruler invalidated those dirhams and introduced new dirhams that are higher in value than the previous ones. The earlier dirhams are now devalued. What is my right upon him-the original dirhams that the ruler invalidated or the new dirhams approved by the ruler?" Imam (as) wrote in response: "You have the right to the original dirhams."

3717 - قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلتِّجَارَةُ تَزِيدُ فِي اَلْعَقْلِ".

Hadith.3717 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Trade increases intellect."

3718 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "تَرْكُ اَلتِّجَارَةِ مَذْهَبَةٌ لِلْعَقْلِ".

Hadith.3718 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Abandoning trade diminishes intellect."

3719 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْمُعَلَّى بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : رَآنِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ قَدْ تَأَخَّرْتُ عَنِ اَلسُّوقِ فَقَالَ لِي "اُغْدُ إِلَى عِزِّكَ".

Hadith.3719 - It is narrated from Al-Mu'alla ibn Khunays that he said: Abu Abdillah (as) saw me when I had delayed going to the market, so Imam (as) said to me, "Go early to your source of honor."

3720 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ رَوْحِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحِيمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ رِجٰالٌ لاٰ تُلْهِيهِمْ تِجٰارَةٌ وَ لاٰ بَيْعٌ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اَللّٰهِ ۝ قَالَ "كَانُوا أَصْحَابَ تِجَارَةٍ فَإِذَا حَضَرَتِ اَلصَّلاَةُ تَرَكُوا اَلتِّجَارَةَ وَ اِنْطَلَقُوا إِلَى اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ هُمْ أَعْظَمُ أَجْراً مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَتَّجِرْ".

Hadith.3720 - It is narrated from Rawh ibn Abd Al-Rahim, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted: "Men whom neither trade nor sale distracts from the remembrance of Allah (swt)." (Surah An-Nur 24:37) Imam (as) said: "They were businessmen, but when the time for prayer arrived, they left their trade and went to perform the prayer. They are greater in reward than those who did not engage in trade."

3721 - وَ رَوَى هَارُونُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْعَزِيزِ قَالَ : قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "مَا فَعَلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ " قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى اَلْعِبَادَةِ وَ تَرَكَ اَلتِّجَارَةَ فَقَالَ "وَيْحَهُ أَ مَا عَلِمَ أَنَّ تَارِكَ اَلطَّلَبِ لاَ يُسْتَجَابُ لَهُ دَعْوَةٌ، إِنَّ قَوْماً مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ: ۝ وَ مَنْ يَتَّقِ اَللّٰهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجاً وَ يَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لاٰ يَحْتَسِبُ ۝ أَغْلَقُوا اَلْأَبْوَابَ وَ أَقْبَلُوا عَلَى اَلْعِبَادَةِ وَ قَالُوا قَدْ كُفِينَا فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ "مَا حَمَلَكُمْ عَلَى مَا صَنَعْتُمْ" قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ تَكَفَّلَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِأَرْزَاقِنَا فَأَقْبَلْنَا عَلَى اَلْعِبَادَةِ فَقَالَ "إِنَّهُ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَسْتَجِبِ اَللَّهُ لَهُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالطَّلَبِ" ثُمَّ قَالَ "إِنِّي لَأُبْغِضُ اَلرَّجُلَ فَاغِراً فَاهُ إِلَى رَبِّهِ يَقُولُ اُرْزُقْنِي وَ يَتْرُكُ اَلطَّلَبَ" ".

Hadith.3721 - Harun ibn Hamzah narrated from Ali ibn Abdul Aziz who said: Abu Abdillah (as) asked: "What has Umar ibn Muslim done?" I said: "May I be your ransom! He has devoted himself to worship and abandoned trade." Imam (as) said: "Woe to him! Does he not know that the one who abandons seeking sustenance will not have his supplication answered? Indeed, some of the companions of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), when the verse was revealed; 'And whoever fears Allah (swt), He will make a way out for him, and provide for him from where he does not expect' (Surah At-Talaq 65:2-3), they locked their doors and devoted themselves to worship, saying, 'We have been guaranteed provision.' When the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) heard about this, he sent for them and said: 'What led you to do what you have done?' They said: 'O Messenger of Allah (swt), Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, has guaranteed our provision, so we have devoted ourselves to worship.' He (sw) said: 'Whoever does this, Allah (swt) will not answer his supplication. You must continue seeking sustenance.' Then Imam (as) said: 'I hate a man who sits idle, opening his mouth to his Lord (azj), saying, "Provide for me," while he abandons seeking sustenance.'"

3722 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اِتَّجِرُوا بَارَكَ اَللَّهُ لَكُمْ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَقُولُ "إِنَّ اَلرِّزْقَ عَشَرَةُ أَجْزَاءٍ تِسْعَةٌ فِي اَلتِّجَارَةِ وَ وَاحِدٌ فِي غَيْرِهَا" ".

Hadith.3722 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Engage in trade - may Allah (swt) bless you - for I heard the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) say, 'Provision is divided into ten parts, nine of which are in trade, and one in other means.'"

3723 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "تَعَرَّضُوا لِلتِّجَارَةِ فَإِنَّ فِيهَا لَكُمْ غِنًى عَمَّا فِي أَيْدِي اَلنَّاسِ".

Hadith.3723 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Engage in trade, for in it lies independence from what is in the hands of others."

3724 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ تَدَعُوا اَلتِّجَارَةَ فَتَهُونُوا اِتَّجِرُوا بَارَكَ اَللَّهُ لَكُمْ"

Hadith.3724 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Do not abandon trade, lest you become insignificant. Engage in trade-may Allah (swt) bless you."

3725 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنِ اِتَّجَرَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ اِرْتَطَمَ فِي اَلرِّبَا ثُمَّ اِرْتَطَمَ فَلاَ يَقْعُدَنَّ فِي اَلسُّوقِ إِلاَّ مَنْ يَعْقِلُ اَلشِّرَاءَ وَ اَلْبَيْعَ".

Hadith.3725 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Whoever engages in trade without knowledge will fall into usury, and then fall into it again. Therefore, no one should sit in the marketplace except one who understands buying and selling."

3726 - وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ، بِالْكُوفَةِ يَغْتَدِي كُلَّ بُكْرَةٍ فَيَطُوفُ فِي أَسْوَاقِ اَلْكُوفَةِ سُوقاً سُوقاً وَ مَعَهُ اَلدِّرَّةُ عَلَى عَاتِقِهِ وَ كَانَ لَهَا طَرَفَانِ وَ كَانَتْ تُسَمَّى اَلسَّبِيبَةَ قَالَ فَيَقِفُ عَلَى أَهْلِ كُلِّ سُوقٍ فَيُنَادِيهِمْ "يَا مَعْشَرَ اَلتُّجَّارِ قَدِّمُوا اَلاِسْتِخَارَةَ وَ تَبَرَّكُوا بِالسُّهُولَةِ وَ اِقْتَرِبُوا مِنَ اَلْمُبْتَاعِينَ وَ تَزَيَّنُوا بِالْحِلْمِ وَ تَجَافَوْا عَنِ اَلظُّلْمِ وَ أَنْصِفُوا اَلْمَظْلُومِينَ وَ لاَ تَقْرَبُوا اَلرِّبَا "وَ أَوْفُوا اَلْكَيْلَ وَ اَلْمِيزٰانَ" "وَ لاٰ تَبْخَسُوا اَلنّٰاسَ أَشْيٰاءَهُمْ وَ لاٰ تَعْثَوْا فِي اَلْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ" " قَالَ فَيَطُوفُ فِي جَمِيعِ أَسْوَاقِ اَلْكُوفَةِ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ فَيَقْعُدُ لِلنَّاسِ.

Hadith.3726 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to go out every morning in Kufa and walk through its markets, visiting them one by one. Imam (as) carried a whip with two ends, which was called "Al-Sabeebah." Imam (as) would stand in each market and call out to the merchants, saying: "O group of traders! Begin with seeking goodness (from Allah (swt)), bless your trade with ease, draw near to the buyers, adorn yourselves with patience, avoid oppression, give justice to the oppressed, and do not approach usury. 'And give full measure and weight' and 'Do not diminish people's goods, nor act corruptly in the land, making mischief.'" Then Imam (as) would continue walking through all the markets of Kufa before returning to sit and attend to the people's needs.

3727 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مَنْ بَاعَ وَ اِشْتَرَى فَلْيَحْفَظْ خَمْسَ خِصَالٍ وَ إِلاَّ فَلاَ يَشْتَرِيَنَّ وَ لاَ يَبِيعَنَّ اَلرِّبَا وَ اَلْحَلْفَ وَ كِتْمَانَ اَلْعُيُوبِ وَ اَلْمَدْحَ إِذَا بَاعَ وَ اَلذَّمَّ إِذَا اِشْتَرَى ".

Hadith.3727 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever buys and sells should observe five qualities; otherwise, let him not buy or sell: usury, swearing, concealing defects, praising when selling, and criticizing when buying."

3728 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "يَا مَعْشَرَ اَلتُّجَّارِ اِرْفَعُوا رُءُوسَكُمْ فَقَدْ وَضَحَ لَكُمُ اَلطَّرِيقُ تُبْعَثُونَ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ فُجَّاراً إِلاَّ مَنْ صَدَقَ حَدِيثُهُ".

Hadith.3728 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "O group of traders, raise your heads, for the path has been made clear for you. You will be resurrected on the Day of Judgment as transgressors, except those who speak the truth."

3729 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "اَلتَّاجِرُ فَاجِرٌ وَ اَلْفَاجِرُ فِي اَلنَّارِ إِلاَّ مَنْ أَخَذَ اَلْحَقَّ وَ أَعْطَى اَلْحَقَّ".

Hadith.3729 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "The trader is sinful, and the sinful one is in the Fire-except for the one who takes what is right and gives what is right."

3730 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "يَا مَعْشَرَ اَلتُّجَّارِ صُونُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ تُكَفَّرْ عَنْكُمْ ذُنُوبُكُمْ وَ أَيْمَانَكُمُ اَلَّتِي تَحْلِفُونَ فِيهَا تُطَيَّبْ لَكُمْ تِجَارَتُكُمْ".

Hadith.3730 - Imam (as) said: "O group of traders, protect your wealth through charity, your sins will be forgiven, and the oaths you make will be purified for you-thus your trade will be blessed."

3731 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ عَلَى اَلْمِنْبَرِ : "يَا مَعْشَرَ اَلتُّجَّارِ اَلْفِقْهَ ثُمَّ اَلْمَتْجَرَ اَلْفِقْهَ ثُمَّ اَلْمَتْجَرَ وَ اَللَّهِ لَلرِّبَا فِي هَذِهِ اَلْأُمَّةِ دَبِيبٌ أَخْفَى مِنْ دَبِيبِ اَلنَّمْلِ عَلَى اَلصَّفَا صُونُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ اَلتَّاجِرُ فَاجِرٌ وَ اَلْفَاجِرُ فِي اَلنَّارِ إِلاَّ مَنْ أَخَذَ اَلْحَقَّ وَ أَعْطَى اَلْحَقَّ".

Hadith.3731 - It is narrated from Al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah who said: I heard Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) saying from the pulpit: "O group of traders! Learn jurisprudence, then engage in trade. Learn jurisprudence, then engage in trade. By Allah (swt), usury in this nation is more hidden than the crawling of an ant on a smooth stone. Protect your wealth through charity. The trader is sinful, and the sinful one is in the Fire-except the one who takes what is right and gives what is right."

3732 - وَ رَوَى حَفْصُ بْنُ اَلْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ اَلْمُنْذِرِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ دَفَعَتْ إِلَيَّ اِمْرَأَتِي مَالاً أَعْمَلُ بِهِ مَا شِئْتُ فَأَشْتَرِي مِنْ مَالِهَا اَلْجَارِيَةَ أَطَأُهَا قَالَ "لاَ إِنَّمَا دَفَعَتْ إِلَيْكَ لِتَقَرَّ عَيْنُهَا وَ أَنْتَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُسْخِنَ عَيْنَهَا".

Hadith.3732 - Hafs ibn Al-Bakhtari narrated from Al-Husayn ibn Al-Mundhir who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "My wife gave me money to use as I wish. Can I buy a bondwoman with her money and have relations with her?" Imam (as) said: "No. She gave it to you to bring comfort to her eyes, and you intend to cause her distress."

3733 - وَ رَوَى عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ مُيَسِّرٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ يَجِيئُنِي اَلرَّجُلُ فَيَقُولُ تَشْتَرِي لِي فَيَكُونُ مَا عِنْدِي خَيْراً مِنْ مَتَاعِ اَلسُّوقِ قَالَ "إِنْ أَمِنْتَ أَلاَّ يَتَّهِمَكَ فَأَعْطِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَ إِنْ خِفْتَ أَنْ يَتَّهِمَكَ فَاشْتَرِ لَهُ مِنَ اَلسُّوقِ".

Hadith.3733 - Uthman ibn Isa narrated from Muyassir who said: I said to Him (as): "A man comes to me and asks me to buy something for him, but what I have is better than what is available in the market. What should I do?" Imam (as) said: "If you are confident that he will not suspect you, then give him from what you have. But if you fear that he might suspect you, then buy for him from the market."

3734 - وَ رَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "أَنْزَلَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى بَعْضِ أَنْبِيَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِلْكَرِيمِ فَكَارِمْ وَ لِلسَّمْحِ فَسَامِحْ وَ لِلشَّحِيحِ فَشَاحِحْ وَ عِنْدَ اَلشَّكِسِ فَالْتَوِ".

Hadith.3734 - Isma'il ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Abdillah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: Allah (swt), the Exalted, revealed to one of His prophets (peace be upon them): "Deal generously with the generous, be lenient with the lenient, be tight-fisted with the stingy, and be evasive with the harsh."

3735 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَقُولُ : "اَلسَّمَاحُ وَجْهٌ مِنَ اَلرَّبَاحِ" قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "ذَلِكَ لِرَجُلٍ يُوصِيهِ وَ مَعَهُ سِلْعَةٌ يَبِيعُهَا".

Hadith.3735 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) say, "Leniency is a means of profit." Imam (as) then said: "This applies to a man who is advised while he has goods to sell."

3736 - وَ مَرَّ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَى جَارِيَةٍ قَدِ اِشْتَرَتْ لَحْماً مِنْ قَصَّابٍ وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ زِدْنِي فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "زِدْهَا فَإِنَّهُ أَعْظَمُ لِلْبَرَكَةِ".

Hadith.3736 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) passed by a bondwoman who had bought meat from a butcher and was asking him to add more. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said to the butcher: "Give her more, for it brings greater blessings."

3737 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يُحِبُّ اَلْعَبْدَ يَكُونُ سَهْلَ اَلْبَيْعِ سَهْلَ اَلشِّرَاءِ سَهْلَ اَلْقَضَاءِ سَهْلَ اَلاِقْتِضَاءِ".

Hadith.3737 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, loves a servant who is easygoing in selling, easygoing in buying, easygoing in settling debts, and easygoing in demanding repayment."

3738 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَيُّمَا مُسْلِمٍ أَقَالَ مُسْلِماً نَدَامَةً فِي اَلْبَيْعِ أَقَالَهُ اَللَّهُ عَثْرَتَهُ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ".

Hadith.3738 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Any Muslim who cancels a sale for another Muslim who regrets it, Allah (swt) will cancel his slip on the Day of Judgment."

3739 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : مَرَّ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلَى رَجُلٍ وَ مَعَهُ سِلْعَةٌ يُرِيدُ بَيْعَهَا فَقَالَ "عَلَيْكَ بِأَوَّلِ اَلسُّوقِ".

Hadith.3739 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) passed by a man who had goods he wanted to sell and said to him, "Go to the beginning of the market."

3740 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "صَاحِبُ اَلسِّلْعَةِ أَحَقُّ بِالسَّوْمِ".

Hadith.3740 - Imam (as) said: "The owner of the goods has more right to set the price."

3741 - وَ نَهَى صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَنِ اَلسَّوْمِ مَا بَيْنَ طُلُوعِ اَلْفَجْرِ إِلَى طُلُوعِ اَلشَّمْسِ.

Hadith.3741 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) forbade trading between the rise of dawn and the rise of the sun.

3742 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَاكِسِ اَلْمُشْتَرِيَ فَإِنَّهُ أَطْيَبُ لِلنَّفْسِ وَ إِنْ أَعْطَى اَلْجَزِيلَ فَإِنَّ اَلْمَغْبُونَ فِي بَيْعِهِ وَ شِرَائِهِ غَيْرُ مَحْمُودٍ وَ لاَ مَأْجُورٍ".

Hadith.3742 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "Bargain with the buyer, for it is more satisfying to the soul. Even if he gives generously, the one who is cheated in buying or selling is neither praiseworthy nor rewarded."

3743 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ تُمَاكِسْ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْيَاءَ فِي اَلْأُضْحِيَّةِ وَ فِي اَلْكَفَنِ وَ فِي ثَمَنِ نَسَمَةٍ وَ فِي اَلْكِرَى إِلَى مَكَّةَ ".

Hadith.3743 - Imam (as) said: "Do not bargain in four things; the sacrificial animal, the shroud, the price of freeing a slave, and the fare to Makkah."

3744 - وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ زَيْنُ اَلْعَابِدِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ لِقَهْرَمَانِهِ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ لِي مِنْ حَوَائِجِ اَلْحَجِّ شَيْئاً فَاشْتَرِ وَ لاَ تُمَاكِسْ

Hadith.3744 - Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain Zayn Al-Abidin (as) used to say to his steward: "If you intend to buy something for me from the needs of Hajj, then buy it and do not bargain."

3745 - وَ رَوَى مُيَسِّرٌ عَنْ حَفْصٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ اَلْوَفَاءُ وَ هُوَ إِذَا كَالَ لَمْ يُحْسِنْ أَنْ يَكِيلَ فَقَالَ "مَا يَقُولُ اَلَّذِينَ حَوْلَهُ" قَالَ قُلْتُ يَقُولُونَ لاَ يُوفِي قَالَ "هُوَ مِمَّنْ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَكِيلَ".

Hadith.3745 - Muyassir narrated from Hafs, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: I said to him, "A man intends to be honest, but when he measures, he does not measure accurately." He (as) asked: "What do those around him say?" I said: "They say he does not give full measure." He (as) said: "He is among those who should not be measuring."

3746 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنْ أَخَذَ اَلْمِيزَانَ بِيَدِهِ فَنَوَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لِنَفْسِهِ وَافِياً لَمْ يَأْخُذْهُ إِلاَّ رَاجِحاً وَ مَنْ أَعْطَى فَنَوَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَ سَوَاءً لَمْ يُعْطِ إِلاَّ نَاقِصاً ".

Hadith.3746 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "Whoever takes the scales in his hand with the intention of taking a full measure for himself will only take more than his due. And whoever gives with the intention of giving an equal measure will only give less."

3747 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يَكُونُ اَلْوَفَاءُ حَتَّى يَمِيلَ اَللِّسَانُ".

Hadith.3747 - Hammad ibn Bashir narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "Fulfillment (of measure) is not achieved until the scale tips."

3748 - وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ : "لاَ يَكُونُ اَلْوَفَاءُ حَتَّى يَرْجَحَ".

Hadith.3748 - And in another narration: "Fulfillment (of measure) is not achieved until it exceeds (the exact amount)."

3749 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ آخُذُ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ فَأَزِنُهَا ثُمَّ أُفَرِّقُهَا وَ يَفْضُلُ فِي يَدِي مِنْهَا فَضْلٌ قَالَ "أَ لَيْسَ تَحَرَّى اَلْوَفَاءَ" قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3749 - It is narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I receive dirhams from a man, weigh them, then distribute them, and a surplus remains in my hand. What should I do?" Imam (as) said: "Did you not strive to be accurate in your measure?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "Then there is no harm."

3750 - وَ رَوَى وَهْبُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ يَقُولُ : "لاَ يَجُوزُ اَلْعَرَبُونُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ نَقْداً مِنَ اَلثَّمَنِ".

Hadith.3750 - Wahb ibn Wahb narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) (peace be upon them), that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say: "Earnest money (down payment) is not permissible unless it is part of the price."

3751 - قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرٍ إِلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ شَرِّ بِقَاعِ اَلْأَرْضِ وَ خَيْرِ بِقَاعِ اَلْأَرْضِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "شَرُّ بِقَاعِ اَلْأَرْضِ اَلْأَسْوَاقُ وَ هِيَ مَيْدَانُ إِبْلِيسَ يَغْدُو بِرَايَتِهِ وَ يَضَعُ كُرْسِيَّهُ وَ يَبُثُّ ذُرِّيَّتَهُ فَبَيْنَ مُطَفِّفٍ فِي قَفِيزٍ أَوْ طَائِشٍ فِي مِيزَانٍ أَوْ سَارِقٍ فِي ذَرْعٍ أَوْ كَاذِبٍ فِي سِلْعَةٍ فَيَقُولُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِرَجُلٍ مَاتَ أَبُوهُ وَ أَبُوكُمْ حَيٌّ فَلاَ يَزَالُ مَعَ ذَلِكَ أَوَّلَ دَاخِلٍ وَ آخِرَ خَارِجٍ " ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "وَ خَيْرُ اَلْبِقَاعِ اَلْمَسَاجِدُ وَ أَحَبُّهُمْ إِلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوَّلُهُمْ دُخُولاً وَ آخِرُهُمْ خُرُوجاً مِنْهَا" ".

Hadith.3751 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: A Bedouin from the tribe of Banu 'Amir came to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and asked him about the worst and the best places on earth. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "The worst places on earth are the markets-they are the playgrounds of Iblis. He sets out in the morning with his banner, places his throne there, and sends out his offspring among them. There, you find someone who cheats in measuring, another who falsifies the scale, someone who steals in length, or someone who lies about merchandise. Iblis then says to them: 'Stick to a man whose father has died while your father is still alive.' And he remains there, being the first to enter and the last to leave." Then Imam (as) said: "And the best places are the mosques. The most beloved among them to Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, are those who enter first and leave last."

3752 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "سُوقُ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ كَمَسْجِدِهِمْ فَمَنْ سَبَقَ إِلَى مَكَانٍ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ إِلَى اَللَّيْلِ".

Hadith.3752 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "The marketplace of the Muslims is like their mosque. Whoever reaches a spot first has more right to it until the night."

3753 - رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنْ دَخَلَ سُوقاً أَوْ مَسْجِدَ جَمَاعَةٍ فَقَالَ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ كَبِيراً وَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ كَثِيراً وَ سُبْحَانَ اَللَّهِ بُكْرَةً وَ أَصِيلاً وَ لاَ حَوْلَ وَ لاَ قُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ اَلْعَلِيِّ اَلْعَظِيمِ وَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ عَدَلَتْ لَهُ حَجَّةً مَبْرُورَةً".

Hadith.3753 - Asim ibn Humayd narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "Whoever enters a marketplace or a congregational mosque and says once: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah (swt), alone, without any partner. Allah (swt) is the Greatest, immensely great. All praise is due to Allah (swt), abundantly. Glory be to Allah (swt), morning and evening. There is no power and no strength except with Allah (swt), the Most High, the Most Great. May Allah (swt) send blessings upon Muhammad and his family. This will be equal to a blessed and accepted Hajj for him."

3754 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ اَلْأَنْصَارِيُّ عَنْ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "يَا أَبَا اَلْفَضْلِ أَ مَا لَكَ فِي اَلسُّوقِ مَكَانٌ تَقْعُدُ فِيهِ تُعَامِلُ اَلنَّاسَ" قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ "اِعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَغْدُو وَ يَرُوحُ إِلَى مَجْلِسِهِ وَ سُوقِهِ فَيَقُولُ حِينَ يَضَعُ رِجْلَهُ فِي اَلسُّوقِ: اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَهَا وَ خَيْرَ أَهْلِهَا وَ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَ شَرِّ أَهْلِهَا إِلاَّ وَكَّلَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ، مَنْ يَحْفَظُهُ وَ يَحْفَظُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ قَدْ أَجَرْتُكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَ شَرِّ أَهْلِهَا يَوْمَكَ هَذَا فَإِذَا جَلَسَ مَكَانَهُ حِينَ يَجْلِسُ فَيَقُولُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ حَلاَلاً طَيِّباً وَ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَنْ أَظْلِمَ أَوْ أُظْلَمَ وَ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ صَفْقَةٍ خَاسِرَةٍ وَ يَمِينٍ كَاذِبَةٍ فَإِذَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ اَلْمَلَكُ اَلْمُوَكَّلُ أَبْشِرْ فَمَا فِي سُوقِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ أَحَدٌ أَوْفَرُ نَصِيباً مِنْكَ وَ سَيَأْتِيكَ مَا قَسَمَ اَللَّهُ لَكَ مُوَفَّراً حَلاَلاً طَيِّباً مُبَارَكاً فِيهِ".

Hadith.3754 - Abdullah ibn Hammad Al-Ansari narrated from Sadeer, who said: Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "O Abu Al-Fadl, do you not have a place in the market where you sit and deal with people?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "Know that any man who goes to his seat in the market, and when he places his foot in the market says: 'O Allah (swt), I ask You for its goodness and the goodness of its people, and I seek refuge in You from its evil and the evil of its people', Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, appoints an angel to protect him and preserve him until he returns to his home. The angel then says to him, 'I have safeguarded you from its evil and the evil of its people for this day.' And when he sits in his place, he should say: 'I bear witness that there is no god but Allah (swt), alone, without any partner. And I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. O Allah (swt), I ask You for lawful, pure sustenance from Your bounty, and I seek refuge in You from wronging others or being wronged, and I seek refuge in You from a bad transaction and a false oath.' When he says this, the appointed angel says, 'Rejoice! For there is no one in the market today with a greater share than you. And what Allah (swt) has decreed for you will come to you fully, lawfully, purely, and with blessings.'"

3755 - وَ رُوِيَ : "أَنَّ مَنْ ذَكَرَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي اَلْأَسْوَاقِ غَفَرَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ بِعَدَدِ مَا فِيهَا مِنْ فَصِيحٍ وَ أَعْجَمَ".

Hadith.3755 - It is narrated: "Whoever remembers Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, in the marketplaces, Allah (swt) will forgive him in proportion to the number of those in it, both those who speak and those who do not."

3756 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ ذَكَرَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي اَلْأَسْوَاقِ غَفَرَ لَهُ بِعَدَدِ أَهْلِهَا".

Hadith.3756 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever remembers Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, in the marketplaces, Allah (swt) will forgive him by the number of its people."

3757 - رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِذَا اِشْتَرَيْتَ مَتَاعاً فَكَبِّرِ اَللَّهَ ثَلاَثاً ثُمَّ قُلِ اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي اِشْتَرَيْتُهُ أَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ مِنْ خَيْرِكَ فَاجْعَلْ لِي فِيهِ خَيْراً اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي اِشْتَرَيْتُهُ أَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ فَاجْعَلْ لِي فِيهِ فَضْلاً اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي اِشْتَرَيْتُهُ أَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ مِنْ رِزْقِكَ فَاجْعَلْ لِي فِيهِ رِزْقاً ثُمَّ أَعِدْ كُلَّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهَا ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ".

Hadith.3757 - Al-Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim who said: One of the Imams (as) said: "When you purchase merchandise, glorify Allah (swt) (say Allahu Akbar) three times, then say: O Allah (swt), I have purchased it seeking Your goodness, so make goodness for me in it. O Allah (swt), I have purchased it seeking Your bounty, so make bounty for me in it. O Allah (swt), I have purchased it seeking Your provision, so make provision for me in it. Then repeat each of these supplications three times."

3758 - وَ كَانَ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى اَلْمَتَاعِ "بَرَكَةٌ لَنَا".

Hadith.3758 - Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) used to write on merchandise: "Blessing for us."

3759 - رَوَى عُمَرُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنِ اِشْتَرَى دَابَّةً فَلْيَقُمْ مِنْ جَانِبِهَا اَلْأَيْسَرِ وَ يَأْخُذُ نَاصِيَتَهَا بِيَدِهِ اَلْيُمْنَى وَ يَقْرَأُ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا فَاتِحَةَ اَلْكِتَابِ وَ "قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ" وَ اَلْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ وَ آخِرَ اَلْحَشْرِ وَ آخِرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ "قُلِ اُدْعُوا اَللّٰهَ أَوِ اُدْعُوا اَلرَّحْمٰنَ" وَ آيَةَ اَلْكُرْسِيِّ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَمَانُ تِلْكَ اَلدَّابَّةِ مِنَ اَلْآفَاتِ".

Hadith.3759 - Umar ibn Ibrahim narrated from Abu Al-Hasan (as) who said: "Whoever buys an animal should stand on its left side, hold its forelock with his right hand, and recite over its head: Surah Al-Fatiha: the Opening of the Book, Surah Al-Ikhlas (Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad), Surah Al-Falaq and Surah Al-Nas (the two Mu'awwidhatayn) - two chapters of seeking refuge The last verses of Surah Al-Hashr, The last verse of Surah Bani Isra'il (Al-Isra'): 'Say, call upon Allah (swt) or call upon the Most Merciful', Ayat Al-Kursi Verily, this will serve as protection for the animal from afflictions."

3760 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا اِشْتَرَيْتَ جَارِيَةً فَقُلِ: اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَشِيرُكَ وَ أَسْتَخِيرُكَ وَ إِذَا اِشْتَرَيْتَ دَابَّةً أَوْ رَأْساً فَقُلِ: اَللَّهُمَّ قَدِّرْ لِي أَطْوَلَهُنَّ حَيَاةً وَ أَكْثَرَهُنَّ مَنْفَعَةً وَ خَيْرَهُنَّ عَاقِبَةً ".

Hadith.3760 - Ibn Faddal narrated from Thalabah ibn Maymun, from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "When you purchase a bondwoman, say: O Allah (swt), I seek Your (swt) counsel and ask for Your (swt) guidance. And when you purchase an animal or livestock, say: O Allah (swt), decree for me the longest life, the greatest benefit, and the best outcome among them."

3761 - رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "فِي اَلْحَيَوَانِ كُلِّهِ شَرْطُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ لِلْمُشْتَرِي فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ فِيهَا إِنِ اِشْتَرَطَ أَوْ لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ".

Hadith.3761 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "For all animals, the buyer has a three-day condition (option) to return it, whether he stipulated it or not."

3762 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ بَيْعاً فَهُمَا بِالْخِيَارِ حَتَّى يَفْتَرِقَا فَإِذَا اِفْتَرَقَا فَقَدْ وَجَبَ اَلْبَيْعُ".

Hadith.3762 - Imam (as) said: "Whenever a man buys something from another man, they both have the option (to cancel the deal) until they part ways. Once they part, the sale becomes binding."

3763 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ عَبْداً أَوْ دَابَّةً وَ شَرَطَ يَوْماً أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ فَمَاتَ اَلْعَبْدُ أَوْ نَفَقَتِ اَلدَّابَّةُ أَوْ حَدَثَ فِيهِ حَدَثٌ عَلَى مَنِ اَلضَّمَانُ قَالَ "لاَ ضَمَانَ عَلَى اَلْمُبْتَاعِ حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ اَلشَّرْطُ وَ يَصِيرَ اَلْمَبِيعُ لَهُ".

Hadith.3763 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who purchased a slave or an animal from another man and stipulated a condition for one or two days. If the slave dies, the animal perishes, or a defect occurs during that period, who is responsible for the loss? Imam (as) said: "There is no liability on the buyer until the condition period ends and the sale becomes final."

3764 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنِ اَلْعَبْدِ اَلصَّالِحِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنِ اِشْتَرَى بَيْعاً وَ مَضَتْ ثَلاَثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَمْ يَجِئْ فَلاَ بَيْعَ لَهُ ".

Hadith.3764 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from the Righteous Servant of Allah (swt) (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) who said: "Whoever buys an item, and three days pass without him coming (to confirm or claim it), then the sale is void."

3765 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : " اَلْمُسْلِمُونَ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ إِلاَّ كُلَّ شَرْطٍ خَالَفَ، كِتَابَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَلاَ يَجُوزُ ".

Hadith.3765 - Abdullah ibn Sinan narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "Muslims are bound by their conditions, except for any condition that contradicts the Book of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, which is not permissible."

3766 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلْمَتَاعَ ثُمَّ يَدَعُهُ عِنْدَهُ يَقُولُ حَتَّى آتِيَكَ بِثَمَنِهِ فَقَالَ "إِنْ جَاءَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَ إِلاَّ فَلاَ بَيْعَ لَهُ".

Hadith.3766 - Jamil narrated from Zurarah, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: I asked him about a man who buys merchandise from another man and then leaves it with him, saying, "I will bring you its price." Imam (as) said: "If he brings the payment within three days, then the sale is valid; otherwise, there is no sale for him."

3767 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى عَنِ اِبْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنْ حَدَثَ بِالْحَيَوَانِ حَدَثٌ قَبْلَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَهُوَ مِنْ مَالِ اَلْبَائِعِ".

Hadith.3767 - In another narration, Ibn Faddal narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Ribbat, from someone who narrated it from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "If an animal develops a defect within three days, it is the responsibility of the seller."

3768 - رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اِشْتَرَى أَرْضاً يُقَالُ لَهَا اَلْعُرَيْضُ فَلَمَّا اِسْتَوْجَبَهَا قَامَ فَمَضَى فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا أَبَةِ عَجَّلْتَ بِالْقِيَامِ فَقَالَ "يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي أَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَجِبَ اَلْبَيْعُ" ".

Hadith.3768 - It is narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), that he said: "My father (as) purchased a piece of land called Al-Urayd. When he finalized the purchase, he immediately stood up and left. Imam Al Sadiq (as) said to Imam Al Baqir (as): 'O father, you left in haste.' Imam Al Baqir (as) replied: 'O my son, I wanted the sale to become binding.'"

3769 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "اِبْتَعْتُ أَرْضاً فَلَمَّا اِسْتَوْجَبْتُهَا قُمْتُ فَمَشَيْتُ خُطًا ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَجِبَ اَلْبَيْعُ حِينَ اَلاِفْتِرَاقِ".

Hadith.3769 - Abu Ayyub narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim who said: I heard Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say: "I purchased a piece of land, and when I finalized the purchase, I stood up and walked a few steps, then returned. I did this to make the sale binding at the time of separation."

3770 - رُوِيَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّا نُخَالِطُ قَوْماً مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلسَّوَادِ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ فَنَبِيعُهُمْ وَ نَرْبَحُ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلْعَشَرَةَ اِثْنَيْ عَشَرَ وَ اَلْعَشَرَةَ ثَلاَثَةَ عَشَرَ وَ نُؤَخِّرُ ذَلِكَ فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمُ اَلسَّنَةَ وَ نَحْوَهَا فَيَكْتُبُ اَلرَّجُلُ لَنَا بِهَا عَلَى دَارِهِ أَوْ عَلَى أَرْضِهِ بِذَلِكَ اَلْمَالِ اَلَّذِي فِيهِ اَلْفَضْلُ اَلَّذِي أَخَذَ مِنَّا شِرًى بِأَنَّهُ قَدْ بَاعَهُ وَ أَخَذَ اَلثَّمَنَ فَنَعِدُهُ إِنْ هُوَ جَاءَ بِالْمَالِ فِي وَقْتٍ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُ أَنْ نَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلشِّرَاءَ وَ إِنْ جَاءَنَا اَلْوَقْتُ وَ لَمْ يَأْتِنَا بِالدَّرَاهِمِ فَهُوَ لَنَا فَمَا تَرَى فِي اَلشِّرَاءِ فَقَالَ "أَرَى أَنَّهُ لَكَ إِذَا لَمْ يَفْعَلْ وَ إِنْ جَاءَ بِالْمَالِ لِلْوَقْتِ فَتَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3770 - It is narrated from Sa'id ibn Yasar who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "We deal with some people from the rural areas and others. We sell to them and make a profit - sometimes ten becomes twelve, and sometimes ten becomes thirteen. We allow them to defer payment for a year or so, and they provide us with a written guarantee secured by their house or land for the amount, including the added profit. We then agree that if they bring the payment within the specified time, we will cancel the sale and return the property to them. However, if the deadline passes and they do not bring the payment, the property becomes ours. What do you think about this transaction?" Imam (as) said: "I see that it is yours if they fail to meet the condition. But if they bring the payment within the agreed time, you must return the property to them."

3771 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ اِحْتَاجَ إِلَى بَيْعِ دَارِهِ فَجَاءَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ فَقَالَ أَبِيعُكَ دَارِي هَذِهِ فَتَكُونُ لَكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ تَكُونَ لِغَيْرِكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَشْتَرِطَ لِي إِنْ أَنَا جِئْتُكَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ أَنْ تَرُدَّهَا عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَذَا إِنْ جَاءَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ رَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ فِيهَا غَلَّةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فَأَخَذَ اَلْغَلَّةَ لِمَنْ تَكُونُ اَلْغَلَّةُ قَالَ "لِلْمُشْتَرِي أَ مَا تَرَى أَنَّهَا لَوِ اِحْتَرَقَتْ لَكَانَتْ مِنْ مَالِهِ".

Hadith.3771 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): A man asked him while I was present, saying: "A Muslim man needed to sell his house, so he came to his brother and said: 'I will sell you my house. It is more beloved to me that it belongs to you than to someone else, on the condition that if I bring you its price within a year, you will return it to me.'" He (as) said: "There is no problem with this. If he brings its price within a year, he should return it to him." I asked: "What if the property yields a significant income during that time? Who does the income belong to?" He (as) said: "It belongs to the buyer. Do you not see that if it were to burn down, it would be his loss?"

3772 - رَوَى مَنْصُورُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا اِشْتَرَيْتَ مَتَاعاً فِيهِ كَيْلٌ أَوْ وَزْنٌ فَلاَ تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ تُوَلِّيَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ كَيْلٌ وَ لاَ وَزْنٌ فَبِعْهُ ".

Hadith.3772 - Mansur ibn Hazim narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "If you purchase goods that require measuring or weighing, do not sell them until you take possession of them - unless you appoint someone to take possession on your behalf. However, if the goods do not require measuring or weighing, then you may sell them immediately."

3773 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَلَيْهِ كُرٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ فَاشْتَرَى كُرّاً مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ اِنْطَلِقْ فَاسْتَوْفِ حَقَّكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ ".

Hadith.3773 - Abd Al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who owed a kurr (a measure) of food and then purchased a kurr from another man. He said to the seller, "Go and take your right (measure) from the food I owe." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3774 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِبْتَاعَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ طَعَاماً بِدَرَاهِمَ فَأَخَذَ نِصْفَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَدِ اِرْتَفَعَ اَلطَّعَامُ أَوْ نَقَصَ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ يَوْمَ اِبْتَاعَهُ سَاعَرَهُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَهُوَ ذَاكَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَاعَرَهُ فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ سِعْرُ يَوْمِهِ " قَالَ وَ قَالَ فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ لَوْنَانِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَاحِدٍ قَدْ سَعَّرَهُمَا بِشَيْءٍ وَ أَحَدُهُمَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ اَلْآخَرِ فَيَخْلِطُهُمَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ يَبِيعُهُمَا بِسِعْرٍ وَاحِدٍ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ يَغُشَّ بِهِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَهُ".

Hadith.3774 - Abdullah ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as): Regarding a man who purchased food with dirhams from another man, took half of it, and then returned later - after the price of the food had either increased or decreased. Imam (as) said: "If, on the day he purchased it, they agreed on a fixed price, then that price applies. But if no price was fixed, then it is sold at the price of the day it is taken." Imam (as) also said about a man who had two types of the same food, priced equally, but one was better than the other, and he mixed them together and sold them at one price: "It is not permissible for him to do that, as it deceives the Muslims, unless he makes it clear (to the buyer)."

3775 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْعُطَارِدِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ يَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ فَيَتَغَيَّرُ سِعْرُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ "إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفِيَ لَهُ كَمَا أَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِ فَضْلٌ أَخَذَهُ".

Hadith.3775 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Al-Utard who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who purchases food, and its price changes before he takes possession of it. Imam (as) said: "I prefer that he honors the agreement (at the original price), just as he would have taken the benefit if there had been an increase in value."

3776 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يَصْلُحُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَبِيعَ بِصَاعٍ غَيْرِ صَاعِ اَلْمِصْرِ".

Hadith.3776 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "It is not permissible for a man to sell using a measure other than the standard measure of the city."

3777 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلصَّمَدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَأَلَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ اَلْحَنَّاطُ : فَقَالَ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ أَبِيعُ اَلطَّعَامَ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَأَجِيءُ وَ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَ اَلطَّعَامُ مِنْ سِعْرِهِ فَيَقُولُ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي دَرَاهِمُ قَالَ "خُذْ مِنْهُ بِسِعْرِ يَوْمِهِ " قَالَ أَفْهَمُ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ أَنَّهُ طَعَامِيَ اَلَّذِي اِشْتَرَاهُ مِنِّي قَالَ "لاَ تَأْخُذْ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَبِيعَ وَ يُعْطِيَكَ " قَالَ أَرْغَمَ اَللَّهُ أَنْفِي رَخَّصَ لِي فَرَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَشَدَّدَ عَلَيَّ.

Hadith.3777 - It is narrated from Abd Al-Samad ibn Bashir, from Abu Abdillah (as): Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim Al-Hannat asked him, "May Allah (swt) keep you well. I sell food to a man on credit, and when I go to collect payment, the price of the food has changed, and he says, 'I do not have dirhams.' What should I do?" Imam (as) said: "Take from him at the price of the day." Muhammad asked: "I understand, may Allah (swt) keep you well, but what if it is the same food he purchased from me?" Imam (as) said: "Do not take it from him until he sells it and gives you the payment." Muhammad said: "May Allah (swt) humble me! He initially gave me a concession, but when I questioned further, he imposed a stricter rule upon me."

3778 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي طَعَاماً فَيَكُونُ أَحْسَنَ لَهُ وَ أَنْفَقَ أَنْ يَبُلَّهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَلْتَمِسَ زِيَادَةً فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ لاَ يُصْلِحُهُ إِلاَّ ذَلِكَ وَ لاَ يُنْفِقُهُ غَيْرُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَلْتَمِسَ فِيهِ اَلزِّيَادَةَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ إِنَّمَا يَغُشُّ بِهِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلاَ يَصْلُحُ".

Hadith.3778 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who buys food and finds it more suitable and marketable if he moistens it, without intending to increase its weight. Imam (as) said: "If it cannot be preserved or sold without doing that, and there is no intention of increasing its weight, then there is no harm. But if the purpose is to deceive the Muslims, then it is not permissible."

3779 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اِبْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ اَلْمَدَائِنِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْقَوْمِ يَدْخُلُونَ اَلسَّفِينَةَ يَشْتَرُونَ اَلطَّعَامَ فَيُسَاوِمُونَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ يَشْتَرِيهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَيَسْأَلُونَهُ فَيُعْطِيهِمْ مَا يُرِيدُونَ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ فَيَكُونُ صَاحِبُ اَلطَّعَامِ هُوَ اَلَّذِي يَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ يَقْبِضُ اَلثَّمَنَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ مَا أَرَاهُمْ إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ شَارَكُوهُ" فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ صَاحِبَ اَلطَّعَامِ يَدْعُو اَلْكَيَّالَ فَيَكِيلُهُ لَنَا وَ لَنَا أُجَرَاءُ فَيَعْتَبِرُونَهُ فَيَزِيدُ وَ يَنْقُصُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْءٌ كَثِيرٌ غَلَطٌ".

Hadith.3779 - It is narrated from Ibn Muskan, from Ishaq Al-Mada'ini, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a group of people who board a ship to purchase food. They negotiate the price, and one of them buys it. Then the others request portions of the food from him, and he provides it to them while the seller handles the weighing and receives the payment. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in this. I do not see it as anything other than them sharing in the purchase." I said: "The seller calls a measurer to weigh it for us, and we have laborers who check the measurement, but sometimes it is slightly more or less." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it, as long as the error is not significant."

3780 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ حَجَّاجٍ اَلْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَشْتَرِي طَعَاماً إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَيَطْلُبُهُ اَلتُّجَّارُ مِنِّي بَعْدَ مَا اِشْتَرَيْتُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ تَبِيعَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ كَمَا اِشْتَرَيْتَهُ وَ لَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَدْفَعَ أَوْ تَقْبِضَ" قُلْتُ فَإِذَا قَبَضْتُهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَلِي أَنْ أَدْفَعَهُ بِكَيْلِهِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا رَضُوا " وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "كُلُّ طَعَامٍ اِشْتَرَيْتَهُ مِنْ بَيْدَرٍ أَوْ طَسُّوجٍ فَأَتَى اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ فَلَيْسَ لِلْمُشْتَرِي إِلاَّ رَأْسُ مَالِهِ وَ مَا اِشْتَرَى مِنْ طَعَامٍ مَوْصُوفٍ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ فِيهِ قَرْيَةً وَ لاَ مَوْضِعاً فَعَلَى صَاحِبِهِ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَهُ" قَالَ وَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ ثُمَّ أَبِيعُهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَكْتَالَهُ فَأَقُولُ اِبْعَثْ وَكِيلَكَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدَ كَيْلَهُ إِذَا قَبَضْتُهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3780 - It is narrated from Khalid ibn Hajjaj Al-Karkhi, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as): "I buy food on deferred payment until a specified time, and then merchants request to buy it from me before I take possession of it." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in selling it on deferred payment, as you purchased it, but you are not allowed to hand it over or take possession of it before you actually receive it." I asked: "Once I take possession of it, may I be your ransom, can I then hand it over using its measured amount?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that if they are satisfied with it." Imam (as) also said: "Any food you purchase from a field (baydar) or a district (tassuj), and then Allah (swt) causes it to perish, the buyer is only entitled to his principal amount. But if he purchases food with a general description and does not specify a village or location, then the seller is obligated to deliver it." I further asked Abu Abdillah (as): "I buy food from a man and then sell it to another man before measuring it, saying to him, 'Send your agent to witness its measurement when I take possession of it.'" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3781 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ طَعَاماً عِدْلاً بِكَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَ إِنَّ صَاحِبَهُ قَالَ لِلْمُشْتَرِي اِبْتَعْ مِنِّي هَذَا اَلْعِدْلَ اَلْآخَرَ بِغَيْرِ كَيْلٍ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ مَا فِي اَلْآخَرِ اَلَّذِي اِبْتَعْتَهُ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ إِلاَّ بِكَيْلٍ" قَالَ وَ "مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ سَمَّيْتَ فِيهِ كَيْلاً فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَصْلُحُ مُجَازَفَةً هَذَا مِمَّا يُكْرَهُ مِنْ بَيْعِ اَلطَّعَامِ".

Hadith.3781 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as): Regarding a man who purchased a measured amount of food from another man, and then the seller said to the buyer, "Buy this other sack without measuring it, for it contains the same amount as the one you already purchased." Imam (as) said: "This is not permissible unless it is measured." Imam (as) further said: "Any food for which a specific measurement has been stipulated cannot be sold without measuring it. Such sales, based on estimation, are disapproved in the case of food."

3782 - وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ أَشْتَرِيهِ مِنْهُ بِكَيْلِهِ وَ أُصَدِّقُهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَكِيلَهُ".

Hadith.3782 - Abd Al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who buys food and then sells it back to the same seller based on the original measurement, trusting him regarding the quantity. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in this, but do not sell it until you measure it."

3783 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ فُضُولِ اَلْكَيْلِ وَ اَلْمَوَازِينِ فَقَالَ "إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ تَعَدَّى فَلاَ بَأْسَ ".

Hadith.3783 - It is narrated from Abd Al-Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about the excess that may result from measuring or weighing. Imam (as) said: "If there is no deliberate excess (beyond fairness), then there is no harm."

3784 - وَ سَأَلَهُ جَمِيلٌ : عَمَّنِ اِشْتَرَى تِبْنَ بَيْدَرٍ كُلَّ كُرٍّ بِشَيْءٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَ يَقْبِضُ اَلتِّبْنَ فَيَبِيعُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَكْتَالَ اَلطَّعَامَ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3784 - Jamil asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who buys straw from a threshing floor, each load (kurr) for a specified price, and takes possession of the straw but sells it before measuring the grain. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3785 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ طَعَامِ قَرْيَةٍ بِعَيْنِهِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِنْ خَرَجَ فَهُوَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ كَانَ دَيْناً عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3785 - Jamil narrated from Zurara, who said: I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who purchased food specifically from a village. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that. If the food is delivered, it belongs to him. But if it is not delivered, then it remains a debt upon the seller."

3786 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قُلْتُ إِنَّا نَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ مِنَ اَلسُّفُنِ ثُمَّ نَكِيلُهُ فَيَزِيدُ قَالَ "وَ رُبَّمَا نَقَصَ عَلَيْكُمْ" قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ "فَإِذَا نَقَصَ يَرُدُّونَ عَلَيْكُمْ" قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3786 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Atiyyah, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as): "We buy food from ships, and then we measure it, sometimes finding an excess." Imam (as) said: "And perhaps it might sometimes be less for you?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "If it is less, do they compensate you?" I said: "No." Imam (as) said: "Then there is no harm."

3787 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلثَّمَرَةَ ثُمَّ يَبِيعُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهَا قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِنْ وَجَدَ بِهَا رِبْحاً فَلْيَبِعْ" قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ شِرَاءِ اَلنَّخْلِ وَ اَلْكَرْمِ وَ اَلثِّمَارِ ثَلاَثَ سِنِينَ وَ أَرْبَعَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ تَقُولُ إِنْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ فِي هَذِهِ اَلسَّنَةِ يَخْرُجْ فِي قَابِلٍ وَ إِنِ اِشْتَرَيْتَهُ سَنَةً وَاحِدَةً فَلاَ تَشْتَرِهِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ " قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلثَّمَرَةَ اَلْمُسَمَّاةَ مِنَ اَلْأَرْضِ فَتَهْلِكُ ثَمَرَةُ تِلْكَ اَلْأَرْضِ كُلُّهَا فَقَالَ "قَدِ اِخْتَصَمُوا فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَكَانُوا يَذْكُرُونَ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ لاَ يَدَعُونَ اَلْخُصُومَةَ نَهَاهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ اَلْبَيْعِ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ اَلثَّمَرَةُ وَ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْهُ وَ لَكِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَجْلِ خُصُومَتِهِمْ".

Hadith.3787 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, who reported from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who buys fruits and then sells them before taking possession of them. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if he finds profit in them; let him sell." Imam (as) was asked about purchasing palm trees, grapevines, and fruits for three or four years. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it, as you may say, 'If it does not yield in this year, it will yield in the next.' But if you buy it for one year, do not purchase it until the fruit has matured." Imam (as) was also asked about a man who buys specific fruits from a piece of land, and then all the fruits of that land are destroyed. Imam (as) said: "They disputed this matter before the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), and they would continue to argue about it. So when he saw that they would not stop disputing, he forbade that sale until the fruit matures. However, he did not prohibit it entirely; rather, he forbade it due to their disputes."

3788 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُ اَلثَّمَرَةَ ثُمَّ يَسْتَثْنِي كَيْلاً وَ تَمْراً قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" قَالَ وَ كَانَ مَوْلًى لَهُ عِنْدَهُ جَالِساً فَقَالَ اَلْمَوْلَى إِنَّهُ لَيَبِيعُ وَ يَسْتَثْنِي أَوْسَاقاً يَعْنِي أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يُنْكِرْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ.

Hadith.3788 - Hammad ibn Isa narrated from Ribi, who reported from Abu Abdillah (as): Regarding a man who sells fruits and then excludes a specific measure (a portion) of dates, Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." It was mentioned that one of his servants was sitting with him, and the servant said: "He indeed sells and excludes certain measures (Awsaq)" - referring to Abu Abdillah (as). Imam (as) then looked at him and did not disapprove of what he had said.

3789 - وَ رَوَى زُرْعَةُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ بَيْعِ اَلثَّمَرَةِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ شِرَاؤُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ طَلْعُهَا فَقَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مَعَهَا شَيْئاً مِنْ غَيْرِهَا رَطْبَةً أَوْ بَقْلَةً فَيَقُولُ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذِهِ اَلرَّطْبَةَ وَ هَذَا اَلنَّخْلَ وَ هَذَا اَلشَّجَرَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَخْرُجِ اَلثَّمَرَةُ كَانَ رَأْسُ مَالِ اَلْمُشْتَرِي فِي اَلرَّطْبَةِ وَ اَلْبَقْلِ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ وَرَقِ اَلشَّجَرِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ شِرَاؤُهُ ثَلاَثَ خَرَطَاتٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَ خَرَطَاتٍ فَقَالَ "إِذَا رَأَيْتَ اَلْوَرَقَ فِي شَجَرَةٍ فَاشْتَرِ مِنْهُ مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ خَرْطَةٍ".

Hadith.3789 - Zur'ah narrated from Sama'ah, who said: I asked him about selling fruits-whether it is permissible to buy them before their buds appear. Imam (as) said: "No, except if he buys something along with it, like fresh greens or vegetables, and says: 'I am buying these greens, this palm tree, and this tree for such and such price.' If the fruit does not emerge, the buyer's capital will be in the greens and vegetables." Imam (as) was also asked about buying tree leaves, whether it is permissible to buy them for three or four harvests. Imam (as) said: "If you see the leaves on the tree, then buy as many harvests as you wish."

3790 - وَ رَوَى اَلْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى بُسْتَاناً فِيهِ نَخْلٌ وَ شَجَرٌ مِنْهُ مَا قَدْ أَطْعَمَ وَ مِنْهُ مَا لَمْ يُطْعِمْ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا كَانَ فِيهِ مَا قَدْ أَطْعَمَ".

Hadith.3790 - Al-Qasim bin Muhammad narrated from Ali bin Abi Hamzah, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who bought an orchard that contained palm trees and other trees, some of which had already borne fruit and others had not yet borne fruit. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it if there are trees that have already borne fruit."

3791 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بِنْتِ إِلْيَاسَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ هَلْ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُ اَلنَّخْلِ إِذَا حَمَلَ قَالَ "لاَ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُهُ حَتَّى يَزْهُوَ" قُلْتُ وَ مَا اَلزَّهْوُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ "يَحْمَرُّ وَ يَصْفَرُّ".

Hadith.3791 - Al-Hasan bin Ali bin Bint Ilyas narrated: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as): Is it permissible to sell palm trees when they have borne fruit? Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible to sell them until they ripen." I said: What is meant by ripening, may I be your ransom? Imam (as) said: "When they turn red or yellow."

3792 - رُوِيَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قُلْتُ أُعْطِي اَلرَّجُلَ اَلثَّمَنَ عِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً وَ أَقُولُ لَهُ إِذَا قَامَتْ ثَمَرَتُكَ بِشَيْءٍ فَهِيَ لِي بِذَلِكَ اَلثَّمَنِ إِنْ رَضِيتَ أَخَذْتُ وَ إِنْ كَرِهْتَ تَرَكْتُ فَقَالَ "أَ مَا تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ وَ لاَ تَشْتَرِطَ شَيْئاً" قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ لاَ يُسَمِّي شَيْئاً وَ اَللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3792 - Ya'qub bin Shu'ayb narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (as): I give a man twenty dinars and say to him, "If your fruit reaches a certain value, it is mine for that price. If I agree, I will take it, and if I dislike it, I will leave it." Imam (as) said: "Can you not give it to him without making any condition?" I said: May I be your ransom! What if he does not specify anything, but Allah (swt) knows his intention? Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible if that is his intention."

3793 - وَ رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَبْتَاعُ لَكَ مَتَاعاً وَ اَلرِّبْحُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3793 - Asim bin Humayd narrated from Abu Basir: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who says to another man, "I will buy merchandise for you, and the profit will be shared between me and you." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3794 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُيَسِّرٍ بَيَّاعِ اَلزُّطِّيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّا نَشْتَرِي اَلْمَتَاعَ بِنَظِرَةٍ فَيَجِيءُ اَلرَّجُلُ فَيَقُولُ بِكَمْ تَقَوَّمَ عَلَيْكَ فَأَقُولُ تُقَوَّمُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَأَبِيعُهُ بِرِبْحٍ قَالَ "إِذَا بِعْتَهُ مُرَابَحَةً كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ اَلنَّظِرَةِ مِثْلُ مَا لَكَ" قَالَ فَاسْتَرْجَعْتُ وَ قُلْتُ هَلَكْنَا فَقَالَ "مِمَّا" قُلْتُ لِأَنَّ مَا فِي اَلْأَرْضِ ثَوْباً أَبِيعُهُ مُرَابَحَةً فَيُشْتَرَى مِنِّي وَ لَوْ وُضِعْتُ مِنْ رَأْسِ اَلْمَالِ حَتَّى أَقُولَ تُقَوَّمُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى مَا شَقَّ عَلَيَّ قَالَ "أَ فَلاَ أَفْتَحُ لَكَ بَاباً يَكُونُ لَكَ فِيهِ فَرَجٌ" قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ "قُلْ قَامَ عَلَيَّ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ أَبِيعُكَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ لاَ تَقُلْ بِرِبْحٍ".

Hadith.3794 - Maysir, the seller of fabrics, narrated: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): We purchase merchandise on credit, and a man comes and asks, "For how much was it valued for you?" I reply, "It was valued at such and such," and then I sell it to him at a profit. Imam (as) said: "If you sell it on a profit basis (Murabaha), then he is entitled to the same credit period as you." I became distressed and said: "We are ruined!" Imam (as) asked: "Why?" I said: "Because the goods I sell on a Murabaha basis are purchased from me, and if I deduct from the principal amount to state its valuation, it would cause difficulty." When Imam (as) saw what troubled me, Imam (as) said: "Shall I not open for you a door that will bring you ease?" I said: "Indeed, please do!" Imam (as) said: "Say, 'It cost me such and such, and I sell it to you for such and such,' and do not mention the word 'profit' (Ribh)."

3795 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ اَلْمَتَاعَ عَلَى أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِي فِي كُلِّ ثَوْبٍ أَشْتَرِيهِ مِنْكَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ إِنَّمَا يَشْتَرِي لِلنَّاسِ وَ يَقُولُ اِجْعَلْ لِي رِبْحاً عَلَى أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ مِنْكَ فَكَرِهَهُ.

Hadith.3795 - Abdul-Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj narrated: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who said to another man: "I will buy merchandise from you, provided that you give me such and such profit on each piece of cloth I purchase from you." The man, however, buys the merchandise for others and says, "Grant me a profit because I am buying from you." Imam (as) disliked this arrangement.

3796 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ بَشَّارِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُ اَلْمَتَاعَ بِنَسَاءٍ أَ يَشْتَرِيهِ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ اَلَّذِي يَبِيعُهُ مِنْهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ " فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَشْتَرِي مَتَاعِي فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ هُوَ مَتَاعَكَ وَ لاَ بَقَرَكَ وَ لاَ غَنَمَكَ".

Hadith.3796 - Bashshar ibn Yasar narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who sells merchandise for deferred payment (on credit). Can he buy it back from the one to whom he sold it? Imam (as) replied: "Yes, there is no problem with it." I then asked him: "Can I buy back my own merchandise?" Imam (as) replied: "It is not your merchandise, nor your cattle, nor your sheep."

3797 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَبْتَاعُ اَلثَّوْبَ مِنَ اَلسُّوقِ لِأَهْلِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُهُ بِشَرْطٍ فَيُعْطَى اَلرِّبْحَ فِي أَهْلِهِ قَالَ "إِنْ رَغِبَ فِي اَلرِّبْحِ فَلْيُوجِبِ اَلثَّوْبَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ لاَ يَجْعَلْ فِي نَفْسِهِ أَنْ يَرُدَّ اَلثَّوْبَ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ إِنْ رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3797 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as): He was asked about a man who buys a garment from the market for his family and takes it with a condition that he may return it if not accepted, but he is offered a profit if his family keeps it. Imam (as) said: "If he desires the profit, then he must make the garment binding upon himself (as a confirmed purchase) and should not intend in his heart to return the garment to its owner if it is returned to him."

3798 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ أَبِي مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْقَوْمِ يَشْتَرُونَ اَلْجِرَابَ اَلْهَرَوِيَّ أَوِ اَلْكَرَوِيَّ أَوِ اَلْمَرْوَزِيَّ أَوِ اَلْقُوهِيَّ فَيَشْتَرِي اَلرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ عَشَرَةَ أَثْوَابٍ يَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهِ خِيَارَهُ كُلُّ ثَوْبٍ خَمْسَةُ دَرَاهِمَ أَوْ أَقَلُّ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ فَقَالَ "مَا أُحِبُّ هَذَا اَلْبَيْعَ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فِيهِ خِيَاراً غَيْرَ خَمْسَةِ أَثْوَابٍ وَ وَجَدَ بَقِيَّتَهُ سَوَاءً" فَقَالَ لَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ اِبْنُهُ إِنَّهُمْ قَدِ اِشْتَرَطُوا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ عَشَرَةَ أَثْوَابٍ فَرَدَّدَ عَلَيْهِ مِرَاراً فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنَّمَا اِشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ خِيَارَهَا أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ إِلاَّ خَمْسَةً وَ وَجَدَ بَقِيَّتَهُ سَوَاءً" ثُمَّ قَالَ "مَا أُحِبُّ هَذَا اَلْبَيْعَ ".

Hadith.3798 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Isa ibn Abi Mansur, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who buy Herawi, Karawi, Marwazi, or Quhi bundles of clothes. A man among them purchases ten garments, stipulating a condition that each garment is worth five dirhams, or less, or more. Imam (as) said: "I do not like this type of sale. What if he does not find any choice among them except five garments, and the rest are all the same?" Then Isma'il, his son, said to him: "They have stipulated that he must take ten garments from them." Abu Abdullah (as) repeatedly responded: "He has only stipulated with them to take the best among them. What if he only finds five that are suitable, and the rest are all the same?" Then Imam (as) said: "I do not like this type of sale."

3799 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيُّ وَ سَمَاعَةُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَحْمِلُ اَلْمَتَاعَ لِأَهْلِ اَلسُّوقِ وَ قَدْ قَوَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةً فَيَقُولُونَ بِعْ فَمَا اِزْدَدْتَ فَلَكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ يَبِيعُهُمْ مُرَابَحَةً ".

Hadith.3799 - Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani and Sama'ah narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): Imam (as) was asked about a man who carries goods for the people of the market, and they have set a price for him. They then say to him, "Sell it, and whatever profit you make above the price is yours." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that, but he should not sell it to them as a murabaha (profit-sharing agreement)."

3800 - وَ رَوَى عُبَيْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ وَ مُحَمَّدٌ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُدِّمَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَتَاعٌ مِنْ مِصْرٍ فَصَنَعَ طَعَاماً وَ دَعَا لَهُ اَلتُّجَّارَ فَقَالُوا نَأْخُذُهُ بِدَهْ دَوَازْدَهْ فَقَالَ "وَ كَمْ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ" فَقَالُوا فِي كُلِّ عَشَرَةِ آلاَفٍ أَلْفَيْنِ قَالَ "فَإِنِّي أَبِيعُكُمْ هَذَا اَلْمَتَاعَ بِاِثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفاً".

Hadith.3800 - Ubaydullah ibn Ali al-Halabi and Muhammad al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): Goods arrived for Abu Abdullah (as) from Egypt. Imam (as) prepared food and invited the merchants. They said: "We will take it at dah dawazdah (a price of twelve)." Imam (as) asked: "And how much does that amount to?" They replied: "For every ten thousand, two thousand more." Imam (as) said: "Then I will sell you these goods for twelve thousand."

3801 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْمَتَاعَ جَمِيعاً بِثَمَنٍ ثُمَّ يُقَوِّمُ كُلَّ ثَوْبٍ بِمَا يَسْوَى حَتَّى يَقَعَ عَلَى رَأْسِ مَالِهِ يَبِيعُهُ مُرَابَحَةً ثَوْباً ثَوْباً قَالَ "لاَ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَ لَهُ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا قَوَّمَهُ ".

Hadith.3801 - Al-'Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the Imams (as), regarding a man who purchases goods altogether for a set price and then appraises each garment based on its value until it equals his capital, selling it item by item at a profit Imam (as) said: "No, not until he clarifies to the buyer that he merely appraised it."

3802 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ : بِعْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ جِرَاباً هَرَوِيّاً كُلَّ ثَوْبٍ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَأَخَذُوهُ فَاقْتَسَمُوهُ ثُمَّ وَجَدُوا بِثَوْبٍ فِيهَا عَيْباً فَرَدُّوهُ عَلَيَّ فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ أُعْطِيكُمْ ثَمَنَهُ اَلَّذِي بِعْتُكُمْ بِهِ فَقَالُوا لاَ وَ لَكِنَّا نَأْخُذُ قِيمَتَهُ مِنْكَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ "يَلْزَمُهُمْ ذَلِكَ ".

Hadith.3802 - It is narrated from Umar ibn Yazid: I sold a Harawi sack in Medina, with each garment priced at a specific amount. They took it and divided it among them. Then they found a defect in one of the garments and returned it to me. I said to them, "I will give you its price that I sold it to you for." They replied: "No, rather we will take its value from you." I mentioned this matter to Abu Abdullah (as), and Imam (as) said: "They are obligated to that."

3803 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلثَّوْبَ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ أَوِ اَلْمَتَاعَ فَيَجِدُ بِهِ عَيْباً قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ اَلثَّوْبُ قَائِماً بِعَيْنِهِ رَدَّهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ وَ أَخَذَ اَلثَّمَنَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ خَاطَ اَلثَّوْبَ أَوْ صَبَغَهُ أَوْ قَطَعَهُ رَجَعَ بِنُقْصَانِ اَلْعَيْبِ".

Hadith.3803 - In the narration of Jamil ibn Darraj, from some of our companions, from one of the Imams (peace be upon them): Regarding a man who buys a garment or merchandise from another man and then discovers a defect in it. Imam (as) said: "If the garment is still intact as it was, he can return it to its owner and take back the price. But if he has sewn the garment, dyed it, or cut it, then he shall return the value of the defect."

3804 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى بَيْعاً لَيْسَ فِيهِ كَيْلٌ وَ لاَ وَزْنٌ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ مُرَابَحَةً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ وَ يَأْخُذَ رِبْحَهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ كَيْلٌ وَ لاَ وَزْنٌ فَإِنْ هُوَ قَبَضَهُ فَهُوَ أَبْرَأُ لِنَفْسِهِ".

Hadith.3804 - Aban narrated from Mansur who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who buys goods that do not require measurement by volume or weight. Is it permissible for him to sell them at a profit before taking possession of them and to collect his profit? The Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that as long as the goods do not require measurement by volume or weight. However, if he takes possession of them, it is better and safer for him."

3805 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ اِشْتَرَوْا بَزّاً فَاشْتَرَكُوا فِيهِ جَمِيعاً وَ لَمْ يَقْتَسِمُوهُ أَ يَصْلُحُ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ بَيْعَ بَزِّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" وَ قَالَ "إِنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ اَلطَّعَامِ لِأَنَّ اَلطَّعَامَ يُكَالُ".

Hadith.3805 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who bought cloth and jointly owned it without dividing it among themselves. Is it permissible for any one of them to sell his share of the cloth before taking possession of it? The Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that." Then Imam (as) added: "This is not like food because food is measured by volume."

3806 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى ثَوْباً ثُمَّ رَدَّهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ فَأَبَى أَنْ يُقِيلَهُ إِلاَّ بِوَضِيعَةٍ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ بِوَضِيعَةٍ فَإِنْ جَهِلَ فَأَخَذَهُ فَبَاعَهُ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَمَنِهِ رَدَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ اَلْأَوَّلِ مَا زَادَ".

Hadith.3806 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who bought a garment and then returned it to its seller, but the seller refused to cancel the sale except with a reduction in price. The Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible for him to take it back at a reduced price. If he was unaware and took it back, then sold it for more than its original price, he must return the extra amount to the first seller."

3807 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ بَيْعِ اَلْغَزْلِ بِالثِّيَابِ اَلْمَنْسُوجَةِ وَ اَلْغَزْلُ أَكْثَرُ وَزْناً مِنَ اَلثِّيَابِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3807 - Abdul-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about selling yarn in exchange for woven clothes, where the yarn weighs more than the clothes. The Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3808 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَجْرِ اَلسِّمْسَارِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ يَشْتَرِي لِلنَّاسِ يَوْماً بَعْدَ يَوْمٍ بِشَيْءٍ مُسَمًّى إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِثْلُ اَلْأَجِيرِ ".

Hadith.3808 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abi Walad, from Abu Abdullah (as), and others from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "There is no harm in paying a broker's fee. He only buys for people day after day for a specified amount. He is just like a hired worker."

3809 - قَالَ : وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلسِّمْسَارِ يَشْتَرِي بِالْأَجْرِ فَيُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ اَلْوَرِقُ وَ يُشْتَرَطُ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّكَ مَا تَشْتَرِي فَمَا شِئْتُ أَخَذْتُهُ وَ مَا شِئْتُ تَرَكْتُهُ فَيَذْهَبُ فَيَشْتَرِي ثُمَّ يَأْتِي بِالْمَتَاعِ فَيَقُولُ خُذْ مَا رَضِيتَ وَ دَعْ مَا كَرِهْتَ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3809 - He said: I asked Imam (as) about a broker who buys for a fee. Money is handed over to him, and it is stipulated that whatever he buys, the buyer has the option to take what he likes and leave what he dislikes. The broker then goes and makes the purchase, and upon returning with the goods, he says, "Take what you are satisfied with and leave what you dislike." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3810 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِسَبْيٍ مِنَ اَلْيَمَنِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغُوا اَلْجُحْفَةَ نَفِدَتْ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ فَبَاعُوا جَارِيَةً كَانَتْ أُمُّهَا مَعَهُمْ فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ سَمِعَ بُكَاءَهَا فَقَالَ "مَا هَذِهِ" فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ اِحْتَجْنَا إِلَى نَفَقَةٍ فَبِعْنَا اِبْنَتَهَا فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَأُتِيَ بِهَا وَ قَالَ "بِيعُوهُمَا جَمِيعاً أَوْ أَمْسِكُوهُمَا جَمِيعاً"".

Hadith.3810 - It is narrated from Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar who said: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: A group of captives from Yemen were brought to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family). When they reached Al-Juhfa, their provisions ran out, so they sold a young girl whose mother was with them. When they arrived before the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), He (sw) heard the girl crying and asked: "What is this?" They replied: "O Messenger of Allah (swt), we needed provisions, so we sold her daughter." The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) then sent someone to bring her back and said: "Sell them both together or keep them both together."

3811 - وَ - سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْأَخَوَيْنِ اَلْمَمْلُوكَيْنِ هَلْ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ بَيْنَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ وَ وَلَدِهَا فَقَالَ "لاَ هُوَ حَرَامٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُرِيدُوا ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3811 - Sama'ah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about two slave brothers, whether they can be separated, and about a woman and her child, whether they can be separated. Imam (as) replied: "No, it is forbidden, except if they themselves desire it."

3812 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى جَارِيَةً بِثَمَنٍ مُسَمًّى ثُمَّ بَاعَهَا فَرَبِحَ فِيهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْقُدَ صَاحِبَهَا اَلَّذِي كَانَتْ لَهُ فَأَتَى صَاحِبُهَا يَتَقَاضَاهُ فَقَالَ صَاحِبُ اَلْجَارِيَةِ لِلَّذِينَ بَاعَهُمْ اِكْفُونِي غَرِيمِي هَذَا وَ اَلَّذِي رَبِحْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَهُوَ لَكُمْ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3812 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about a man who bought a bondwoman for a specified price, then sold her and made a profit before paying the original seller. The original seller came to demand his payment, so the man who sold the bondwoman said to those who bought her: "Take care of this creditor of mine, and the profit I made from you is yours." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in this."

3813 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى دَابَّةً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ ثَمَنُهَا فَأَتَى رَجُلاً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ يَا فُلاَنُ اُنْقُدْ عَنِّي وَ اَلرِّبْحُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ فَنَقَدَ عَنْهُ فَنَفَقَتِ اَلدَّابَّةُ قَالَ "اَلثَّمَنُ عَلَيْهِمَا لِأَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ رِبْحٌ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا".

Hadith.3813 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who bought an animal but did not have its price, so he went to one of his companions and said: "O so-and-so, pay on my behalf, and the profit will be shared between me and you." The companion paid on his behalf, but the animal died. Imam (as) said: "The price is upon both of them because if there had been a profit, it would have been shared between them."

3814 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُ اَلْمَمْلُوكَ وَ يَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَهُ شَيْئاً قَالَ "يَجُوزُ".

Hadith.3814 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who sells a slave and stipulates upon the buyer to give him something: "It is permissible."

3815 - وَ رَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنْ بَاعَ عَبْداً وَ كَانَ لِلْعَبْدِ مَالٌ فَالْمَالُ لِلْبَائِعِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ اَلْمُبْتَاعُ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3815 - Yahya ibn Abi Al-'Ala narrated from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "Whoever sells a slave, and the slave has wealth, the wealth belongs to the seller unless the buyer stipulates otherwise. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) commanded this."

3816 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي اَلْمَمْلُوكَ لِمَنْ مَالُهُ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ عَلِمَ اَلْبَائِعُ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالاً فَهُوَ لِلْمُشْتَرِي وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِمَ فَهُوَ لِلْبَائِعِ".

Hadith.3816 - In a narration from Jamil ibn Darraj, from Zurara, he said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who buys a slave, who does the wealth of the slave belong to?" Imam (as) replied: "If the seller knew that the slave had wealth, then it belongs to the buyer. However, if the seller was unaware, then it belongs to the seller."

3817 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي اَلْمَمْلُوكَ وَ مَالَهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ" قُلْتُ فَيَكُونُ مَالُ اَلْمَمْلُوكِ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا اِشْتَرَاهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3817 - Zurara narrated: "I said to Abu Abdullah (as): A man buys a slave along with his wealth. Imam (as) replied: 'There is no harm in it.' I asked: 'What if the wealth of the slave is greater than the price he was purchased for?' Imam (as) replied: 'There is no harm in it.'

3818 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ اَلْفَضْلِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ شِرَاءِ مَمْلُوكِ أَهْلِ اَلذِّمَّةِ فَقَالَ "إِذَا أَقَرُّوا لَهُمْ بِذَلِكَ فَاشْتَرِ وَ اِنْكِحْ".

Hadith.3818 - Aban narrated from Ismail ibn Al-Fadl, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about purchasing a slave from the People of the Book (Ahl al-Dhimma)." Imam (as) replied: "If they acknowledge ownership of the slave, then buy and marry."

3819 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْجَارِيَةَ فَيَقَعُ عَلَيْهَا فَيَجِدُهَا حُبْلَى فَقَالَ "يَرُدُّهَا وَ يَرُدُّ مَعَهَا شَيْئاً".

Hadith.3819 - Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as). He said: "I asked Imam (as) about a man who buys a bondwoman, then has relations with her, and later discovers that she is pregnant." Imam (as) replied: "He must return her and also return something along with her."

3820 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "يَرُدُّهَا وَ يَرُدُّ نِصْفَ عُشْرِ ثَمَنِهَا إِذَا كَانَتْ حُبْلَى".

Hadith.3820 - In the narration of Abdul-Malik ibn Amr from Abu Abdillah (as): "He must return her and also return half a tenth of her price if she is pregnant."

3821 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "يَرُدُّهَا وَ يَكْسُوهَا".

Hadith.3821 - In the narration of Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "He must return her and provide her with clothing."

3822 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُيَسِّرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لاَ يَرُدُّ اَلْجَارِيَةَ بِعَيْبٍ إِذَا وُطِئَتْ وَ لَكِنْ يَرْجِعُ بِقِيمَةِ اَلْعَيْبِ وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ "مَعَاذَ اَللَّهِ أَنْ أَجْعَلَ لَهَا أَجْراً" ".

Hadith.3822 - Muhammad ibn Maythar narrates from Abu Abdullah (as): "Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) would not return a bondwoman due to a defect if she had been intimate, but he would claim compensation for the value of the defect. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say, 'I seek refuge in Allah (swt) from making her a source of payment.'"

3823 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ يَدُلُّ اَلرَّجُلَ عَلَى اَلسِّلْعَةِ وَ يَقُولُ اِشْتَرِهَا وَ لِيَ نِصْفُهَا فَيَشْتَرِيهَا اَلرَّجُلُ وَ يَنْقُدُ مِنْ مَالِهِ قَالَ لَهُ نِصْفُ اَلرِّبْحِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ وُضِعَ لَحِقَهُ مِنَ اَلْوَضِيعَةِ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ "نَعَمْ عَلَيْهِ اَلْوَضِيعَةُ كَمَا يَأْخُذُ اَلرِّبْحَ".

Hadith.3823 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrates: I said to Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)): A man directs another man to a commodity and says, 'Buy it, and half of it will be mine.' The man buys it and pays from his own money. The Imam (as) replied: "He is entitled to half the profit." I asked: "What if there is a loss; does he also bear part of the loss?" The Imam (as) said: "Yes, he is liable for the loss just as he shares in the profit."

3824 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَدْخُلُ اَلسُّوقَ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ جَارِيَةً فَتَقُولُ إِنِّي حُرَّةٌ قَالَ "اِشْتَرِهَا إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهَا بَيِّنَةٌ".

Hadith.3824 - Hamzah ibn Humran narrates: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): I enter the market intending to buy a bondwoman, but she claims that she is free. The Imam (as) replied: "Buy her unless she has evidence (to prove her claim of freedom)."

3825 - وَ سَأَلَهُ اَلْعِيصُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ : عَنْ مَمْلُوكٍ اِدَّعَى أَنَّهُ حُرٌّ وَ لَمْ يَأْتِ بِبَيِّنَةٍ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَشْتَرِيهِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ".

Hadith.3825 - Al-Is ibn al-Qasim asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a slave who claimed that he was free but did not provide any evidence for his claim. The Imam (as) replied: "Yes, you may buy him."

3826 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي وَلِيدَةٍ بَاعَهَا اِبْنُ سَيِّدِهَا وَ أَبُوهُ غَائِبٌ فَتَسَرَّاهَا اَلَّذِي اِشْتَرَاهَا فَوَلَدَتْ مِنْهُ غُلاَماً ثُمَّ جَاءَ سَيِّدُهَا اَلْأَوَّلُ يُخَاصِمُ سَيِّدَهَا اَلْآخَرَ فَقَالَ وَلِيدَتِي بَاعَهَا اِبْنِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي قَالَ "اَلْحُكْمُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ وَلِيدَتَهُ وَ اِبْنَهَا" فَيُنَاشِدَهُ اَلَّذِي اِشْتَرَاهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ "خُذِ اِبْنَهُ اَلَّذِي بَاعَكَ وَ تَقُولُ لاَ وَ اَللَّهِ لاَ أُرْسِلُ اِبْنَكَ حَتَّى تُرْسِلَ اِبْنِي" فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ سَيِّدُ اَلْوَلِيدَةِ أَجَازَ بَيْعَ اِبْنِهِ ".

Hadith.3826 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said: "Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled concerning a female slave who was sold by the son of her master while her master was absent. The buyer took her as a concubine, and she bore him a son. Later, her original master returned and disputed with the buyer, claiming: 'She is my slave, and my son sold her without my permission.' The Imam (as) said: 'The ruling is that the master may reclaim both his female slave and her son.' The buyer pleaded with him, saying: 'Take your son who sold her to me, but I will not release your son until you release mine.' When the master of the female slave saw this, he accepted and approved the sale conducted by his son."

3827 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اِبْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْغُلاَمَ أَوِ اَلْجَارِيَةَ وَ لَهُ أَخٌ أَوْ أُخْتٌ أَوْ أَبٌ أَوْ أُمٌّ بِمِصْرٍ مِنَ اَلْأَمْصَارِ قَالَ "لاَ يُخْرِجُهُ مِنْ مِصْرٍ إِلَى مِصْرٍ آخَرَ إِنْ كَانَ صَغِيراً وَ لاَ يَشْتَرِيهِ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أُمٌّ فَطَابَتْ نَفْسُهَا وَ نَفْسُهُ فَاشْتَرِهِ إِنْ شِئْتَ".

Hadith.3827 - Ibn Sinan narrated that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Regarding a man who buys a male or female slave, and the slave has a brother, sister, father, or mother in one of the cities, he should not take the slave out of that city to another city if the slave is young, nor should he buy him. However, if the slave has a mother and both she and the slave are content with the sale, then he may buy the slave if he wishes."

3828 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْجَوْزِ لاَ نَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ نَعُدَّهُ فَيُكَالُ بِمِكْيَالٍ ثُمَّ يُعَدُّ مَا فِيهِ ثُمَّ يُكَالُ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَى حِسَابِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ اَلْعَدَدِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3828 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as): He was asked about walnuts that cannot be counted individually, so they are measured with a container and then counted based on the amount in that container. Afterward, the remaining quantity is measured according to that count. Imam (as) said: "There is no problem with that."

3829 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ سَمَّيْتَ فِيهِ كَيْلاً فَلاَ يَصْلُحُ بَيْعُهُ مُجَازَفَةً هَذَا مِمَّا يُكْرَهُ مِنْ بَيْعِ اَلطَّعَامِ".

Hadith.3829 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "Any food for which a specific measure has been stated cannot be sold by estimation. This is among the practices that are disliked in selling food."

3830 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ اَلْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْمَبِيعَ بِالدِّرْهَمِ وَ هُوَ يَنْقُصُ اَلْحَبَّةَ وَ نَحْوَ ذَلِكَ أَ يُعْطِيهِ اَلَّذِي يَشْتَرِي مِنْهُ وَ لاَ يُعْلِمُهُ أَنَّهُ يَنْقُصُ قَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِثْلَ هَذِهِ اَلْوَضَاحِيَّةِ يَجُوزُ، كَمَا يَجُوزُ عِنْدَنَا عَدَداً".

Hadith.3830 - Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "I asked Imam (as) about a man who purchases a commodity with a dirham, and the dirham is deficient by a fraction, such as a grain or the like. Should he give it to the seller without informing him that it is deficient?" Imam (as) said: 'No, unless it is something like these small coins (al-wadaḥiyyah), which are commonly accepted, just as we accept them by count.'"

3831 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنِ اَللَّبَنِ يُشْتَرَى وَ هُوَ فِي اَلضُّرُوعِ فَقَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَحْلُبَ لَكَ مِنْهُ سُكُرُّجَةً فَتَقُولُ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذَا اَللَّبَنَ اَلَّذِي فِي اَلسُّكُرُّجَةِ وَ مَا فِي ضُرُوعِهَا بِثَمَنٍ مُسَمًّى فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي اَلضُّرُوعِ شَيْءٌ كَانَ فِيمَا فِي اَلسُّكُرُّجَةِ".

Hadith.3831 - Samaah asked him about purchasing milk while it is still in the udders. Imam (as) said: "No, unless he milks some of it into a small vessel (sukurjah) for you, and then you say, 'I purchase from you this milk that is in the vessel and what is in its udders for a specified price.' If there is nothing in the udders, then the sale applies to what is in the vessel."

3832 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ اَلْفَضْلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَتَقَبَّلُ خَرَاجَ اَلرِّجَالِ وَ جِزْيَةَ رُءُوسِهِمْ وَ خَرَاجَ اَلنَّخْلِ وَ اَلشَّجَرِ وَ اَلْآجَامِ وَ اَلْمَصَايِدِ وَ اَلسَّمَكِ وَ اَلطَّيْرِ وَ هُوَ لاَ يَدْرِي لَعَلَّ هَذَا لاَ يَكُونُ أَبَداً أَوْ يَكُونُ أَ يَشْتَرِيهِ وَ فِي أَيِّ زَمَانٍ يَشْتَرِيهِ وَ يَتَقَبَّلُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ "إِذَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئاً وَاحِداً قَدْ أَدْرَكَ فَاشْتَرِهِ وَ تَقَبَّلْ بِهِ".

Hadith.3832 - Aban narrated from Ismail ibn al-Fadl, who reported from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who accepts responsibility for the payment of poll tax (jizyah) for individuals, the land tax (kharaj) for palm trees, crops, forests, hunting grounds, fish, and birds, while he does not know whether any of these will produce revenue or not. Can he purchase and accept responsibility for it, and at what time should he make such a purchase and agreement? Imam (as) said: "If you know that at least one of these sources will yield income, then you may purchase and accept responsibility for it."

3833 - وَ رَوَى زُرْعَةُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْعَبْدَ وَ هُوَ آبِقٌ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مَعَهُ شَيْئاً آخَرَ وَ يَقُولَ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذَا اَلشَّيْءَ وَ عَبْدَكَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى اَلْعَبْدِ كَانَ اَلثَّمَنُ اَلَّذِي نَقَدَهُ فِيمَا اِشْتَرَى مِنْهُ".

Hadith.3833 - Zur'ah narrated from Sama'ah, from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding a man who purchases a slave while the slave has run away from his owner. Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible for him unless he purchases something else along with him and says, 'I purchase from you this item and your slave for such and such amount.' If he is unable to obtain the slave, then the payment he made will apply to what he has purchased from him."

3834 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ أَحْمَالٌ بِكَيْلٍ مُسَمًّى فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ بِأَحْمَالٍ مِنْهَا أَقَلُّ مِنَ اَلْكَيْلِ اَلَّذِي لِي عَلَيْهِ فَآخُذُهَا مُجَازَفَةً فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى اَلْآخَرِ مِائَةُ كُرٍّ تَمْراً وَ لَهُ نَخْلٌ فَيَأْتِيهِ فَيَقُولُ أَعْطِنِي نَخْلَكَ هَذَا بِمَا عَلَيْكَ فَكَأَنَّهُ كَرِهَهُ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلَيْنِ يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمَا اَلنَّخْلُ فَيَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ اِخْتَرْ إِمَّا أَنْ تَأْخُذَ هَذَا اَلنَّخْلَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا كَيْلاً مُسَمًّى وَ تُعْطِيَنِي نِصْفَ هَذَا اَلْكَيْلِ زَادَ أَوْ نَقَصَ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ آخُذَهُ أَنَا بِذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3834 - Yaqub ibn Shuayb narrated: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who owes me loads of goods measured by a specific scale, but he sends me loads that are less than the specified measurement I am owed. Can I take them without measuring precisely (mujazafah)? Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." He said: I also asked Imam (as) about a man who owes another person a hundred kur of dates and owns date palms. He comes to him and says, "Give me these date palms in place of what you owe me." It was as if Imam (as) disliked it. He said: I asked Imam (as) about two men who jointly own date palms, and one of them says to the other, "Choose, either you take this date palm for such and such a specified measure and give me half of this measure, whether it increases or decreases, or I will take it under the same terms." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3835 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى تِبْنَ بَيْدَرٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدَاسَ تِبْنَ كُلِّ كُرٍّ بِشَيْءٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَيَأْخُذُ اَلتِّبْنَ وَ يَبِيعُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَالَ اَلطَّعَامُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3835 - Jameel narrated from Zurara who said: I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who purchased straw from a threshing floor before it was threshed, each load of straw for a specified amount, and he took the straw and sold it before the grain was measured. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3836 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَشْتَرِي مِائَةَ رَاوِيَةٍ مِنْ زَيْتٍ وَ أَعْتَرِضُ رَاوِيَةً أَوِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ وَ أَتَّزِنُهُمَا ثُمَّ آخُذُ سَائِرَهُ عَلَى قَدْرِ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3836 - It is narrated from Abdul-Malik bin Amr who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I purchase one hundred containers of oil, and I inspect one or two containers and weigh them, then take the rest based on that measurement." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm."

3837 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ اَلدَّيْنُ وَ مَعَهُ رَهْنٌ أَ يَشْتَرِيهِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ".

Hadith.3837 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who has a debt and holds collateral along with it, can he purchase it? Imam (as) said: "Yes."

3838 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ سَمَّيْتَ فِيهِ كَيْلاً فَلاَ يَصْلُحُ مُجَازَفَةً".

Hadith.3838 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi who said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Any food for which a specific measure has been stipulated cannot be sold without measurement."

3839 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : كَانَ مَعِي جِرَابَانِ مِنْ مِسْكٍ أَحَدُهُمَا رَطْبٌ وَ اَلْآخَرُ يَابِسٌ فَبَدَأْتُ بِالرَّطْبِ فَبِعْتُهُ ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ اَلْيَابِسَ أَبِيعُهُ فَإِذَا أَنَا لاَ أُعْطَى بِالْيَابِسِ اَلثَّمَنَ اَلَّذِي يَسْوَى وَ لاَ يَزِيدُونِّي عَلَى ثَمَنِ اَلرَّطْبِ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ أَ يَصْلُحُ لِي أَنْ أُنَدِّيَهُ قَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ تُعْلِمَهُمْ" قَالَ فَنَدَّيْتُهُ ثُمَّ أَعْلَمْتُهُمْ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا أَعْلَمْتَهُمْ".

Hadith.3839 - It is narrated from Dawood bin Sirhan, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: I had two sacks of musk-one was moist, and the other was dry. I started with the moist one and sold it. Then I took the dry one to sell, but I found that I was not offered the price it was worth, and they would not pay me more than the price of the moist musk. So I asked Imam (as) about that, whether it was permissible for me to mix them. Imam (as) said: "No, unless you inform them." He said: "So I mixed them and then informed them." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it if you inform them."

3840 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ وَلَدِ اَلزِّنَا أَ يُبَاعُ وَ يُشْتَرَى وَ يُسْتَخْدَمُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ " قُلْتُ فَيُسْتَنْكَحُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ وَ لاَ تَطْلُبُ وَلَدَهَا ".

Hadith.3840 - It is narrated from Abdullah bin Sinan who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a child born out of wedlock, can he be sold, purchased, and employed as a servant? Imam (as) said: "Yes." I said: "Can he be married?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, but do not seek her offspring."

3841 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنْ شِرَاءِ اَلْخِيَانَةِ وَ اَلسَّرِقَةِ قَالَ "إِذَا عَرَفْتَ أَنَّهُ كَذَلِكَ فَلاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ شَيْئاً تَشْتَرِيهِ مِنَ اَلْعُمَّالِ".

Hadith.3841 - Sama'ah asked him about purchasing stolen or embezzled goods. Imam (as) said: "If you know that it is so, then no, unless it is something you are buying from the authorities."

3842 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمُضَارَبَةِ يُعْطَى اَلرَّجُلُ اَلْمَالَ فَيَخْرُجُ بِهِ إِلَى أَرْضٍ وَ يُنْهَى أَنْ يَخْرُجَ بِهِ إِلَى أَرْضٍ غَيْرِهَا فَعَصَى وَ خَرَجَ إِلَى أَرْضٍ أُخْرَى فَعَطِبَ اَلْمَالُ فَقَالَ "هُوَ ضَامِنٌ وَ إِنْ سَلِمَ وَ رَبِحَ فَالرِّبْحُ بَيْنَهُمَا ".

Hadith.3842 - Muhammad bin Al-Fudayl narrated from Abu Al-Sabbah Al-Kinani who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a partnership in which a man is given wealth and instructed to take it to a specific land, but he disobeys and takes it to another land, and the wealth is lost. Imam (as) said: "He is liable. However, if it is safe and profits are made, then the profit is to be shared between them."

3843 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنْ ضَمَّنَ تَاجِراً فَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِلاَّ رَأْسُ اَلْمَالِ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ مِنَ اَلرِّبْحِ شَيْءٌ".

Hadith.3843 - Muhammad bin Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said that Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Whoever guarantees a trader is entitled only to the principal amount and has no share in the profit."

3844 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ دَفَعَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ مُضَارَبَةً فَاشْتَرَى أَبَاهُ وَ هُوَ لاَ يَعْلَمُ قَالَ "يُقَوَّمُ فَإِنْ زَادَ دِرْهَماً وَاحِداً أُعْتِقَ وَ اُسْتُسْعِيَ فِي مَالِ اَلرَّجُلِ ".

Hadith.3844 - It is narrated from Muhammad bin Qays who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man gave another man one thousand dirhams in a partnership, and he unknowingly purchased his father with it." Imam (as) said: "He should be valued, and if his value exceeds by even one dirham, he shall be freed and shall work to repay the man's wealth."

3845 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ لَهُ مَالٌ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَيَتَقَاضَاهُ وَ لاَ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ مَا يَقْضِيهِ فَيَقُولُ هُوَ عِنْدَكَ مُضَارَبَةً قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ مِنْهُ ".

Hadith.3845 - Al-Sakooni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), from his forefathers (peace be upon them) who said that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said regarding a man who is owed money by another man and demands repayment, but the debtor does not have the means to repay and says, "Consider it as a partnership investment with you." Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible until he first takes possession of it from him."

3846 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلْمُضَارِبُ مَا أَنْفَقَ فِي سَفَرِهِ فَهُوَ مِنْ جَمْعِ اَلْمَالِ فَإِذَا قَدِمَ بَلْدَتَهُ فَمَا أَنْفَقَ فَهُوَ مِنْ نَصِيبِهِ".

Hadith.3846 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whatever the partner spends during his travel is taken from the joint capital. However, when he returns to his town, whatever he spends is from his own share."

3847 - وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "مَنْ يَمُوتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ مَالُ اَلْمُضَارَبَةِ إِنَّهُ إِنْ سَمَّاهُ بِعَيْنِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ فَقَالَ هَذَا لِفُلاَنٍ فَهُوَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ وَ لَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ فَهُوَ أُسْوَةُ اَلْغُرَمَاءِ ".

Hadith.3847 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say: "Whoever dies while holding partnership capital, if he specifies it before his death and says, 'This belongs to so-and-so,' then it is his. However, if he dies without mentioning it, it will be treated like the property of other creditors."

3848 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلَيْنِ اِشْتَرَكَا فِي مَالٍ فَرَبِحَا رِبْحاً وَ كَانَ مِنَ اَلْمَالِ دَيْنٌ وَ عَيْنٌ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ أَعْطِنِي رَأْسَ اَلْمَالِ وَ اَلرِّبْحُ لَكَ وَ مَا تَوِيَ فَعَلَيَّ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا اِشْتَرَطَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ شَرْطاً يُخَالِفُ كِتَابَ اَللَّهِ رُدَّ إِلَى كِتَابِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ".

Hadith.3848 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding two men who entered into partnership with wealth, made a profit, and the wealth included both debt and cash. One of them said to the other, "Give me the principal amount, and the profit will be yours, and any loss will be my responsibility." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it if they agree to this condition, but if the condition contradicts the Book of Allah (swt), it must be referred back to the Book of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious."

3849 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يُشَارِكَ اَلذِّمِّيَّ وَ لاَ يُبْضِعَهُ بِضَاعَةً وَ لاَ يُودِعَهُ وَدِيعَةً وَ لاَ يُصَافِيَهُ اَلْمَوَدَّةَ ".

Hadith.3849 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali bin Ri'ab who said: I heard Abu Abdillah (as) say, "It is not proper for any of you to enter into a partnership with a Dhimmi, nor to entrust him with goods, nor to deposit a trust with him, nor to establish a close friendship with him."

3850 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ اَلْغَنَمُ يَحْلُبُهَا لَهَا أَلْبَانٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مَا تَقُولُ فِي شِرَاءِ اَلْخَمْسِمِائَةِ رِطْلٍ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا دِرْهَماً يَأْخُذُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِنْهُ أَرْطَالاً حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَ مَا يَشْتَرِي مِنْهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَذَا وَ نَحْوِهِ".

Hadith.3850 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Abu Wallad who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who owns sheep that produce a large quantity of milk every day. What do you say about purchasing five hundred ritls of milk for a specified amount of dirhams, taking a certain amount from it each day until he fulfills what he purchased? Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in this and similar transactions."

3851 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ اَلنَّخَّاسِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ سَاوَمْتُ رَجُلاً بِجَارِيَةٍ فَبَاعَنِيهَا بِحُكْمِي فَقَبَضْتُهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ بَعَثْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ هَذِهِ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ عَلَى حُكْمِي عَلَيْكَ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَقْبَلَهَا مِنِّي وَ قَدْ كُنْتُ مَسِسْتُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ أَبْعَثَ إِلَيْهِ بِالثَّمَنِ فَقَالَ "أَرَى أَنْ تُقَوَّمَ اَلْجَارِيَةُ قِيمَةً عَادِلَةً فَإِنْ كَانَ ثَمَنُهَا أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا بَعَثْتَ بِهِ إِلَيْهِ كَانَ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَا نَقَصَ مِنَ اَلْقِيمَةِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ ثَمَنُهَا أَقَلَّ مِمَّا بَعَثْتَ بِهِ إِلَيْهِ فَهُوَ لَهُ " قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُ بِهَا عَيْباً بَعْدَ مَا مَسِسْتُهَا قَالَ "لَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَرُدَّهَا وَ لَكَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ قِيمَةَ مَا بَيْنَ اَلصِّحَّةِ وَ اَلْعَيْبِ مِنْهُ".

Hadith.3851 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Rifa'ah Al-Nakhas who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I bargained with a man over a bondwoman, and he sold her to me based on my judgment. I took possession of her on that basis, then I sent him one thousand dirhams and said to him, 'Here are one thousand dirhams based on my judgment over you.' But he refused to accept them from me, and I had already touched her before sending him the payment." Imam (as) said: "I see that the bondwoman should be appraised at a fair value. If her value is more than what you sent him, then you must pay him the difference. However, if her value is less than what you sent him, then the surplus belongs to him." I said: "May I be your ransom, what if I find a defect in her after having touched her?" Imam (as) said: "You do not have the right to return her, but you are entitled to claim the difference between her value when healthy and her value with the defect from him."

3852 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ اَلْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ : اِشْتَرَيْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جَارِيَةً فَلَمَّا ذَهَبْتُ أَنْقُدُهُمْ قُلْتُ أَسْتَحِطُّهُمْ قَالَ "لاَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ نَهَى عَنِ اَلاِسْتِحْطَاطِ بَعْدَ اَلصَّفْقَةِ".

Hadith.3852 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Ibrahim bin Ziyad Al-Karkhi who said: I purchased a bondwoman for Abu Abdillah (as). When I was about to pay them, I said: "I will try to get a discount from them." Imam (as) said: "No, indeed the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) forbade seeking a discount after the deal has been concluded."

3853 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ اَلْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ أَصْوَافَ مِائَةِ نَعْجَةٍ وَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهَا مِنْ حَمْلٍ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا دِرْهَماً فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي بُطُونِهَا حَمْلٌ كَانَ رَأْسُ مَالِهِ فِي اَلصُّوفِ".

Hadith.3853 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Ibrahim Al-Karkhi who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "What do you say about a man who buys the wool of one hundred sheep and what is in their wombs in terms of pregnancy for such-and-such amount of dirhams?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that. If there is no pregnancy in their wombs, then his capital is in the wool."

3854 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ زَيْدٍ اَلشَّحَّامِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي سِهَامَ اَلْقَصَّابِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ اَلسَّهْمُ قَالَ "إِنِ اِشْتَرَى سَهْماً فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِذَا خَرَجَ".

Hadith.3854 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Zayd Al-Shahham who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who purchases shares from butchers before the shares are distributed. Imam (as) said: "If he purchases a share, then he has the option to accept or reject it when it is distributed."

3855 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ يَهَبُ لِعَبْدِهِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ فَيَقُولُ حَلِّلْنِي مِنْ ضَرْبِي إِيَّاكَ أَوْ مِنْ كُلِّ مَا كَانَ مِنِّي إِلَيْكَ أَوْ مِمَّا أَخَفْتُكَ وَ أَرْهَبْتُكَ فَيُحَلِّلُهُ وَ يَجْعَلُهُ فِي حِلٍّ رَغْبَةً فِيمَا أَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اَلْمَوْلَى بَعْدُ أَصَابَ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ اَلَّتِي أَعْطَاهُ فِي مَوْضِعٍ قَدْ وَضَعَهَا فِيهِ اَلْعَبْدُ فَأَخَذَهَا اَلْمَوْلَى أَ حَلاَلٌ هِيَ لَهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ" فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَ لَيْسَ اَلْعَبْدُ وَ مَالُهُ لِمَوْلاَهُ قَالَ "لَيْسَ هَذَا ذَاكَ " ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "قُلْ لَهُ فَلْيَرُدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ فَإِنَّهُ اِفْتَدَى بِهَا نَفْسَهُ مِنَ اَلْعَبْدِ مَخَافَةَ اَلْعُقُوبَةِ وَ اَلْقِصَاصِ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ " فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَعَلَى اَلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يُزَكِّيَهَا إِذَا حَالَ عَلَيْهَا اَلْحَوْلُ قَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ لَهُ بِهَا وَ لاَ يُعْطَى اَلْعَبْدُ مِنَ اَلزَّكَاةِ شَيْئاً".

Hadith.3855 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Ishaq bin Ammar who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "What do you say about a man who gifts his slave one thousand dirhams, or more or less, and says to him, 'Release me from my beating you, or from everything I have done to you, or from the fear and intimidation I caused you?' So the slave releases him and declares him free from blame, desiring what he has been given. Then, later, the master finds the dirhams that he gave the slave in a place where the slave had kept them and takes them. Is it lawful for him?" Imam (as) said: "No." I said: "Is not the slave and his wealth the property of his master?" Imam (as) said: "This is not one of those cases." Then Imam (as) said: "Tell him to return the money to the slave, for it is not lawful for him. He gave it to the slave as a ransom for himself to avoid punishment and retribution on the Day of Judgment." I said: "Does the slave have to pay zakat on it if a year passes over it?" Imam (as) said: "No, unless he invests it in trade. And a slave is not given anything from zakat."

3856 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلْبَيْعَ فَيَسْتَوْهِبُهُ بَعْدَ اَلشِّرَاءِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَحْمِلَهُ عَلَى اَلْكُرْهِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3856 - It is narrated from Yunus bin Ya'qub who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man purchases goods from another man and then asks for them as a gift after the purchase, without compelling him." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3857 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ زَيْدٍ اَلشَّحَّامِ قَالَ : أَتَيْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِجَارِيَةٍ أَعْرِضُهَا عَلَيْهِ فَجَعَلَ يُسَاوِمُنِي وَ أَنَا أُسَاوِمُهُ ثُمَّ بِعْتُهَا إِيَّاهُ فَضَمِنَ عَلَى يَدِي، فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّمَا سَاوَمْتُكَ لِأَنْظُرَ اَلْمُسَاوَمَةُ تَنْبَغِي أَوْ لاَ تَنْبَغِي فَقُلْتُ قَدْ حَطَطْتُ عَنْكَ عَشَرَةَ دَنَانِيرَ قَالَ "هَيْهَاتَ أَ لاَّ كَانَ هَذَا قَبْلَ اَلضَّمَّةِ أَ مَا بَلَغَكَ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "اَلْوَضِيعَةُ بَعْدَ اَلضَّمَّةِ حَرَامٌ" ".

Hadith.3857 - It is narrated from Zayd Al-Shahham who said: I brought a bondwoman to Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) to offer her for sale. Imam (as) began to bargain with me, and I bargained with Him (as), and then I sold her to Him (as). He (as) finalized the deal by taking possession through my hand. I said: "May I be your ransom, I was only bargaining with you (as) to see whether bargaining is permissible or not. I then said: 'I have reduced the price for you by ten dinars.'" Imam (as) said: "Far from it! Should this not have been done before finalizing the deal? Have you not heard the saying of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): 'Reducing the price after finalization is forbidden?'"

3858 - وَ رَوَى رَوْحٌ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "تِسْعَةُ أَعْشَارِ اَلرِّزْقِ فِي اَلتِّجَارَةِ ".

Hadith.3858 - Rawh narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "Nine-tenths of sustenance is in trade."

3859 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ سَمُرَةَ اِبْنَ جُنْدَبٍ كَانَ لَهُ عَذْقٌ فِي حَائِطِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ اَلْأَنْصَارِ وَ كَانَ مَنْزِلُ اَلْأَنْصَارِيِّ فِيهِ اَلطَّرِيقُ إِلَى اَلْحَائِطِ فَكَانَ يَأْتِيهِ فَيَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لاَ يَسْتَأْذِنُ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ تَجِيءُ وَ تَدْخُلُ وَ نَحْنُ فِي حَالٍ نَكْرَهُ أَنْ تَرَانَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا جِئْتَ فَاسْتَأْذِنْ حَتَّى نَتَحَرَّزَ ثُمَّ نَأْذَنَ لَكَ وَ تَدْخُلَ قَالَ لاَ أَفْعَلُ هُوَ مَالِي أَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لاَ أَسْتَأْذِنُ فَأَتَى اَلْأَنْصَارِيُّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ وَ أَخْبَرَهُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَى سَمُرَةَ فَجَاءَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ "اِسْتَأْذِنْ عَلَيْهِ" فَأَبَى وَ قَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ لِلْأَنْصَارِيِّ فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مِنْهُ بِالثَّمَنِ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِ وَ جَعَلَ يَزِيدُهُ فَيَأْبَى أَنْ يَبِيعَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ لَهُ "لَكَ عَذْقٌ فِي اَلْجَنَّةِ " فَأَبَى أَنْ يَقْبَلَ ذَلِكَ فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلْأَنْصَارِيَّ أَنْ يَقْلَعَ اَلنَّخْلَةَ فَيُلْقِيَهَا إِلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ "لاَ ضَرَرَ وَ لاَ إِضْرَارَ".

Hadith.3859 - Ibn Bukayr narrated from Zurara, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: Samurah ibn Jundab had a date-palm tree in the garden of a man from the Ansar, and the house of the Ansari had the pathway leading to the garden. Samurah would come and enter without seeking permission. The Ansari said to him: "You come and enter while we are in a state that we dislike you seeing us in. When you come, seek permission so that we may prepare ourselves, and then we will permit you to enter." Samurah replied: "I will not do so. It is my property, and I will enter it without seeking permission." The Ansari then went to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and complained to him and informed him of the situation. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) sent for Samurah, and he came. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said to him: "Seek permission before entering." Samurah refused and said the same as he had said to the Ansari. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) offered to buy the tree from him for a price, but he refused. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) kept increasing the offer, but Samurah refused to sell. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) saw this, He (sw) said to him: "You will have a date-palm tree in Paradise." Yet Samurah refused to accept this as well. Then the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) ordered the Ansari to uproot the tree and throw it to him and said: "There should be no harm and no causing of harm."

3860 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَدْفَعُ اَلطَّعَامَ إِلَى اَلطَّحَّانِ فَيُقَاطِعُهُ عَلَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَ صَاحِبَهُ لِكُلِّ عَشَرَةِ أَمْنَانٍ عَشَرَةَ أَمْنَانِ دَقِيقٍ قَالَ "لاَ" فَقُلْتُ فَرَجُلٌ يَدْفَعُ اَلسِّمْسِمَ إِلَى اَلْعَصَّارِ فَيَضْمَنُ لَهُ بِكُلِّ صَاعٍ أَرْطَالاً مُسَمَّاةً فَقَالَ "لاَ".

Hadith.3860 - Al-Ala' narrated from Muhammad bin Muslim, from one of the imams (peace be upon them), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who gives grain to a miller and agrees with him to receive ten measures of flour for every ten measures of grain. Imam (as) said: "No." I then asked: "What about a man who gives sesame seeds to an oil presser and guarantees to receive a specified amount of oil for each measure?" Imam (as) said: "No."

3861 - رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ اَلْفَضْلِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ بَيْعِ اَلْكَلَإِ إِذَا كَانَ سَيْحاً يَعْمِدُ اَلرَّجُلُ إِلَى مَائِهِ فَيَسُوقُهُ إِلَى اَلْأَرْضِ فَيَسْقِيهِ اَلْحَشِيشَ وَ هُوَ اَلَّذِي حَفَرَ اَلنَّهَرَ وَ لَهُ اَلْمَاءُ يَزْرَعُ بِهِ مَا يَشَاءُ فَقَالَ "إِذَا كَانَ اَلْمَاءُ لَهُ فَلْيَزْرَعْ بِهِ مَا شَاءَ وَ يَبِيعُهُ بِمَا أَحَبَّ ".

Hadith.3861 - Aban narrated from Isma'il bin Al-Fadl who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about selling pasture when it is irrigated by flowing water, where a man directs his water to the land, irrigates the grass, and he is the one who dug the canal and owns the water, planting with it whatever he wishes. Imam (as) said: "If the water is his, then he may plant with it whatever he wishes and sell it for whatever he likes."

3862 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنْ شِرَاءِ اَلْقَصِيلِ يَشْتَرِيهِ اَلرَّجُلُ فَلاَ يَقْصِلُهُ وَ يَبْدُو لَهُ فِي تَرْكِهِ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ سُنْبُلُهُ شَعِيراً أَوْ حِنْطَةً وَ قَدِ اِشْتَرَاهُ مِنْ أَصْلِهِ وَ مَا كَانَ عَلَى أَرْبَابِهِ مِنْ خَرَاجٍ فَهُوَ عَلَى اَلْعِلْجِ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ اِشْتَرَطَ حِينَ اِشْتَرَاهُ إِنْ شَاءَ قَطَعَهُ قَصِيلاً وَ إِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهُ كَمَا هُوَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ سُنْبُلاً وَ إِلاَّ فَلاَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ سُنْبُلاً".

Hadith.3862 - Sama'ah asked him about purchasing fodder crops, where a man buys them but does not harvest them, and then decides to leave them until they produce spikes of barley or wheat. He had bought them from their roots, and any tax due on them was the responsibility of the cultivator. Imam (as) said: "If he stipulated at the time of purchase that he may either cut them as fodder or leave them as they are until they produce spikes, then there is no harm. Otherwise, it is not proper for him to leave them until they produce spikes."

3863 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ اِشْتَرَى مَرْعًى يَرْعَى فِيهِ بِخَمْسِينَ دِرْهَماً أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يُدْخِلَ مَعَهُ مَنْ يَرْعَى مَعَهُ وَ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُمُ اَلثَّمَنَ قَالَ "فَلْيُدْخِلْ مَعَهُ مَنْ شَاءَ بِبَعْضِ مَا أَعْطَى وَ إِنْ أَدْخَلَ مَعَهُ بِتِسْعَةٍ وَ أَرْبَعِينَ دِرْهَماً فَكَانَ غَنَمُهُ تَرْعَى بِدِرْهَمٍ فَلاَ بَأْسَ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ بِخَمْسِينَ دِرْهَماً وَ يَرْعَى مَعَهُمْ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ عَمِلَ فِي اَلْمَرْعَى عَمَلاً حَفَرَ بِئْراً أَوْ شَقَّ نَهَراً بِرِضَا أَصْحَابِ اَلْمَرْعَى فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَبِيعَهُ بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا اِشْتَرَاهُ بِهِ لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ عَمِلَ فِيهِ عَمَلاً فَلِذَلِكَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ".

Hadith.3863 - Sama'ah asked him about a man who purchased grazing land for fifty dirhams, or more or less, to graze his livestock, and then wanted to allow others to graze with him and charge them a fee. Imam (as) said: "He may allow others to graze with him for part of what he paid. For example, if he includes others for forty-nine dirhams and his livestock grazes for one dirham, there is no harm in it. However, he is not allowed to sell the grazing rights for fifty dirhams and graze with them unless he has done some work on the pasture, such as digging a well or channeling a stream with the consent of the pasture owners. In that case, there is no harm in selling it for more than what he purchased it for, because he has added value through his work, making it permissible for him."

3864 - وَ رَوَى سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنِّي لَأَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَسْتَأْجِرَ اَلرَّحَى وَحْدَهَا ثُمَّ أُؤَاجِرَهَا بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا اِسْتَأْجَرْتُهَا إِلاَّ أَنْ أُحْدِثَ فِيهَا حَدَثاً أَوْ أُغْرَمَ فِيهَا غُرْماً".

Hadith.3864 - Sulaiman bin Khalid narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "I dislike renting a millstone alone and then leasing it out for more than what I rented it for, unless I make improvements to it or incur expenses related to it."

3865 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا تَقَبَّلْتَ أَرْضاً بِذَهَبٍ أَوْ فِضَّةٍ فَلاَ تُقَبِّلْهَا بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا قَبِلْتَهَا بِهِ لِأَنَّ اَلذَّهَبَ وَ اَلْفِضَّةَ مُصْمَتَانِ".

Hadith.3865 - In a narration from Ishaq bin Ammar, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "If you lease land with gold or silver, do not lease it out for more than what you leased it for, because gold and silver are fixed commodities."

3866 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْحِنْطَةِ وَ اَلشَّعِيرِ أَشْتَرِي زَرْعَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسَنْبِلَ وَ هُوَ حَشِيشٌ قَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَهُ لِقَصِيلٍ يَعْلِفُهُ اَلدَّوَابَّ ثُمَّ يَتْرُكَهُ إِنْ شَاءَ حَتَّى يُسَنْبِلَ".

Hadith.3866 - It is narrated from Ali bin Abi Hamzah, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: I asked him about purchasing wheat and barley crops before they produce spikes while they are still grass. Imam (as) said: "No, unless he buys it as fodder to feed animals, and then, if he wishes, he may leave it until it produces spikes."

3867 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ شِرْبٌ مَعَ اَلْقَوْمِ فِي قَنَاتِهِمْ وَ هُمْ فِيهِ شُرَكَاءُ فَيَسْتَغْنِي بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ شِرْبِهِ أَ يَبِيعُهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ إِنْ شَاءَ بَاعَهُ بِوَرِقٍ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ بَاعَهُ بِكَيْلِ حِنْطَةٍ".

Hadith.3867 - It is narrated from Sa'id bin Yasar who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who has a share of water usage in a canal along with others, and they are partners in it. If some of them no longer need their share of the water, can they sell it? Imam (as) said: "Yes, if he wishes, he may sell it for silver coins, or if he wishes, he may sell it for a measure of wheat."

3868 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُزَارِعُ بِبَذْرِهِ فِي اَلْأَرْضِ مِائَةَ جَرِيبٍ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ مِمَّا يُزْرَعُ ثُمَّ يَأْتِيهِ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ خُذْ مِنِّي نِصْفَ بَذْرِكَ وَ نِصْفَ نَفَقَتِكَ فِي هَذِهِ اَلْأَرْضِ لِأُشَارِكَكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3868 - Sama'ah asked him about a man who cultivates one hundred jaribs of crops, whether food or other plants, using his own seeds. Then another man comes to him and says, "Take half of my seeds and half of my expenses for this land so that I may share the partnership with you." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3869 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى قَصِيلاً فَلَمْ يَقْصِلْهُ وَ تَرَكَهُ حَتَّى صَارَ شَعِيراً وَ قَدْ كَانَ اِشْتَرَطَ عَلَى اَلْعِلْجِ يَوْمَ اِشْتَرَاهُ أَنَّهُ مَا يَأْتِيهِ مِنْ نَائِبَةٍ أَنَّهُ عَلَى اَلْعِلْجِ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ اِشْتَرَطَ عَلَى اَلْعِلْجِ يَوْمَ اِشْتَرَاهُ أَنَّهُ إِنْ شَاءَ جَعَلَهُ سُنْبُلاً وَ إِنْ شَاءَ جَعَلَهُ قَصِيلاً فَلَهُ شَرْطُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنِ اِشْتَرَطَ فَلاَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَدَعَهُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ سُنْبُلاً فَإِنْ فَعَلَ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ طَسْقَهُ وَ نَفَقَتَهُ وَ لَهُ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ ".

Hadith.3869 - Sama'ah asked him about a man who purchased fodder crops but did not harvest them and left them until they turned into barley. He had stipulated with the landowner at the time of purchase that any incident or damage would be the responsibility of the landowner. Imam (as) said: "If he stipulated with the landowner at the time of purchase that he may leave it to grow into spikes or cut it as fodder, then he is bound by his condition. However, if he did not stipulate this, it is not proper for him to leave it until it becomes spikes. If he does so, then he is responsible for its tax and expenses, and he is entitled to what it produces."

3870 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ قَالَ : كَتَبَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى اَلْفَقِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ رَحًى عَلَى نَهَرِ قَرْيَةٍ وَ اَلْقَرْيَةُ لِرَجُلٍ أَوْ لِرَجُلَيْنِ فَأَرَادَ صَاحِبُ اَلْقَرْيَةِ أَنْ يَسُوقَ اَلْمَاءَ إِلَى قَرْيَتِهِ فِي غَيْرِ هَذَا اَلنَّهَرِ اَلَّذِي عَلَيْهِ هَذِهِ اَلرَّحَى وَ يُعَطِّلَ هَذِهِ اَلرَّحَى أَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ أَمْ لاَ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "يَتَّقِي اَللَّهَ وَ يَعْمَلُ فِي ذَلِكَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ لاَ يُضَارُّ أَخَاهُ اَلْمُؤْمِنَ " وَ فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ قَنَاةٌ فِي قَرْيَةٍ فَأَرَادَ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ أَنْ يَحْفِرَ قَنَاةً أُخْرَى فَوْقَهَا فَمَا يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمَا فِي اَلْبُعْدِ حَتَّى لاَ يُضِرَّ بِالْأُخْرَى فِي أَرْضٍ إِذَا كَانَتْ صَعْبَةً أَوْ رِخْوَةً فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "عَلَى حَسَبِ أَنْ لاَ يُضِرَّ أَحَدُهُمَا بِالْآخَرِ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى".

Hadith.3870 - It is narrated from Muhammad bin Ali bin Mahbub who said: A man wrote to the 'Jurist' (Imam Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari (as)) regarding a case where a man had a mill situated on a river that passed through a village. The village belonged to one or two men. The owner of the village wanted to divert the water to his village through a different channel, which would disable the mill. He asked whether he had the right to do so. The 'Jurist' Imam (as) responded: "He should fear Allah (swt) and act in a fair manner, and he should not harm his believing brother." He also asked about a man who had a canal in a village, and another man wanted to dig another canal above it. He inquired about the required distance between them so that one would not harm the other, especially if the land was either hard or soft. The 'Jurist' Imam (as) responded: "It should be done in such a way that neither of them harms the other, if Allah (swt) wills."

3871 - وَ - قَضَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَ اَلْقَنَاتَيْنِ فِي اَلْعَرْضِ إِذَا كَانَتْ أَرْضاً رِخْوَةً أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَهُمَا أَلْفُ ذِرَاعٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ أَرْضاً صُلْبَةً يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمَا خَمْسُمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ.

Hadith.3871 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) ruled that the distance between two canals, if the land is soft, should be one thousand cubits, and if the land is hard, the distance should be five hundred cubits.

3872 - وَ قَضَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي أَهْلِ اَلْبَوَادِي أَنْ لاَ يَمْنَعُوا فَضْلَ مَاءٍ وَ لاَ يَبِيعُوا فَضْلَ اَلْكَلَإِ.

Hadith.3872 - Imam (as) ruled concerning the people of the desert that they should neither withhold surplus water nor sell excess pasture.

3873 - وَ قَضَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ اَلْبِئْرَ حَرِيمُهَا أَرْبَعُونَ ذِرَاعاً لاَ يُحْفَرُ إِلَى جَنْبِهَا بِئْرٌ أُخْرَى لِمَعْطَنٍ أَوْ غَنَمٍ.

Hadith.3873 - Imam (as) ruled that the protected area around a well is forty cubits, and no other well may be dug next to it for watering livestock or sheep.

3874 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مَاءِ اَلْوَادِي فَقَالَ "إِنَّ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ شُرَكَاءُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ وَ اَلنَّارِ وَ اَلْكَلَإِ ".

Hadith.3874 - Muhammad bin Sinan narrated from Abu Al-Hasan (as) who said: I asked him about the water of the valley. Imam (as) said: "Indeed, Muslims are partners in water, fire, and pasture."

3875 - وَ رَوَى عُمَرُ بْنُ حَنْظَلَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ بَاعَ أَرْضاً عَلَى أَنَّ فِيهَا عَشَرَةَ أَجْرِبَةٍ فَاشْتَرَى اَلْمُشْتَرِي ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ بِحُدُودِهِ وَ نَقَدَ اَلثَّمَنَ وَ أَوْقَعَ صَفْقَةَ اَلْبَيْعِ وَ اِفْتَرَقَا فَلَمَّا مَسَحَ اَلْأَرْضَ إِذَا هِيَ خَمْسَةُ أَجْرِبَةٍ قَالَ "إِنْ شَاءَ اِسْتَرْجَعَ فَضْلَ مَالِهِ وَ أَخَذَ اَلْأَرْضَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ رَدَّ اَلْبَيْعَ وَ أَخَذَ مَالَهُ كُلَّهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ إِلَى حَدِّ تِلْكَ اَلْأَرْضِ لَهُ أَيْضاً أَرَضُونَ فَيُوَفِّيَهُ وَ يَكُونُ اَلْبَيْعُ لاَزِماً لَهُ وَ اَلْوَفَاءُ لَهُ بِتَمَامِ اَلْمَبِيعِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ اَلْمَكَانِ غَيْرُ اَلَّذِي بَاعَ فَإِنْ شَاءَ اَلْمُشْتَرِي أَخَذَ اَلْأَرْضَ وَ اِسْتَرْجَعَ فَضْلَ مَالِهِ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ رَدَّ وَ أَخَذَ اَلْمَالَ كُلَّهُ".

Hadith.3875 - Umar bin Hanzalah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding a man who sold a piece of land, claiming it contained ten jaribs, and the buyer purchased it with its boundaries specified, paid the price, concluded the sale, and they separated. However, when the land was measured, it turned out to be only five jaribs. Imam (as) said: "If the buyer wishes, he may reclaim the excess amount of his payment and keep the land, or if he wishes, he may cancel the sale and take back all his money, unless the seller owns additional land adjacent to the specified boundaries and fulfills the remainder of the agreed quantity. In that case, the sale remains valid, and the seller must complete the agreed quantity. However, if the seller does not own any additional land in that area beyond what he sold, then the buyer has the option to keep the land and reclaim the excess amount of his payment, or cancel the sale entirely and recover all his money."

3876 - رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلشِّرَاءِ مِنْ أَرْضِ اَلْيَهُودِيِّ وَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيِّ فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ وَ قَدْ ظَهَرَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلَى خَيْبَرَ فَخَارَجَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ تَكُونَ اَلْأَرْضُ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ يَعْمَلُونَ فِيهَا وَ يَعْمُرُونَهَا وَ مَا بَأْسٌ لَوِ اِشْتَرَيْتَ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً وَ أَيُّمَا قَوْمٍ أَحْيَوْا شَيْئاً مِنَ اَلْأَرْضِ فَعَمَرُوهُ فَهُمْ أَحَقُّ بِهِ وَ هُوَ لَهُمْ".

Hadith.3876 - Al-Ala' narrated from Muhammad bin Muslim who said: I asked him about purchasing land from Jews and Christians. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) conquered Khaybar and made an agreement with them that the land would remain in their hands, they would work on it and cultivate it. So, there is no harm if you purchase something from it. And any people who revive and develop a piece of land, they have the right to it, and it belongs to them."

3877 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مَنْ غَرَسَ شَجَراً بَدْءاً أَوْ حَفَرَ وَادِياً لَمْ يَسْبِقْهُ إِلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ أَوْ أَحْيَا أَرْضاً مَيْتَةً فَهِيَ لَهُ قَضَاءً مِنَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَسُولِهِ ".

Hadith.3877 - The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever plants a tree from the beginning, or digs a valley that no one has preceded him in, or revives dead land, then it belongs to him, this is a decree from Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, and His Messenger."

3878 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْوَشَّاءِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ أَرْضاً جُرْبَاناً مَعْلُومَةً بِمِائَةِ كُرٍّ عَلَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ مِنَ اَلْأَرْضِ فَقَالَ "حَرَامٌ " قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَإِنِ اِشْتَرَى مِنْهُ اَلْأَرْضَ بِكَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَ حِنْطَةٍ مِنْ غَيْرِهَا فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3878 - It is narrated from Al-Hasan bin Ali Al-Washsha' who said: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who purchased a specified number of plots of land from another man for one hundred kurr, with the condition that he would give him the payment from the yield of the land. Imam (as) said: "This is forbidden." I said: "May I be your ransom, what if he purchases the land with a specified measure and with wheat from elsewhere?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3879 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلرَّبِيعِ اَلشَّامِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يَشْتَرِي مِنْ أَرَاضِي أَهْلِ اَلسَّوَادِ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ ذِمَّةٌ فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ فَيْءٌ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ ".

Hadith.3879 - It is narrated from Abu Al-Rabi' Al-Shami, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "Do not purchase anything from the lands of the Sawad except from those who have a covenant, for it is a spoils (fay') for the Muslims."

3880 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سُئِلَ وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَحْيَا أَرْضاً مَوَاتاً فَكَرَى فِيهَا نَهَراً وَ بَنَى بُيُوتاً وَ غَرَسَ نَخْلاً وَ شَجَراً فَقَالَ "هِيَ لَهُ وَ لَهُ أَجْرُ بُيُوتِهَا وَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهَا اَلْعُشْرُ فِيمَا سَقَتِ اَلسَّمَاءُ أَوْ سَيْلُ وَادٍ أَوْ عَيْنٌ وَ عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا سَقَتِ اَلدَّوَالِي وَ اَلْغَرْبُ نِصْفُ اَلْعُشْرِ".

Hadith.3880 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Abdullah bin Sinan, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: Imam (as) was asked, while I was present, about a man who revived dead land, dug a canal in it, built houses, and planted palm trees and other trees. Imam (as) said: "It belongs to him, and he is entitled to the rent of its houses. However, he must pay a tenth (ʿushr) of what is watered by rain, a valley stream, or a spring. As for what is watered by buckets or water-lifting devices, he must pay half of a tenth (nisfu al-ʿushr)."

3881 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ زَارَعَ مُسْلِماً أَوْ مُعَاهَداً فَأَنْفَقَ فِيهِ نَفَقَةً ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ فِي بَيْعِهِ أَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "يَشْتَرِيهِ بِالْوَرِقِ فَإِنَّ أَصْلَهُ طَعَامٌ".

Hadith.3881 - Sama'ah asked him about a man who entered into a farming partnership with a Muslim or a covenant holder (Mu'ahid) and spent on it, but then decided to sell it. Imam (as) said: "He may sell it for silver coins, for its origin is food."

3882 - وَ - سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ : عَنِ اَلنُّزُولِ عَلَى أَهْلِ اَلْخَرَاجِ فَقَالَ "ثَلاَثَةُ أَيَّامٍ".

Hadith.3882 - Abdullah bin Sinan asked him about staying with the people who pay land tax (Ahl al-Kharaj). Imam (as) said: "Three days."

3883 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ اَلثَّانِيَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ دَارٍ كَانَتْ لاِمْرَأَةٍ وَ كَانَ لَهَا اِبْنٌ وَ اِبْنَةٌ فَغَابَ اَلاِبْنُ فِي اَلْبَحْرِ وَ مَاتَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ فَادَّعَتِ اِبْنَتُهَا أَنَّ أُمَّهَا كَانَتْ صَيَّرَتْ تِلْكَ اَلدَّارَ لَهَا وَ بَاعَتْ أَشْقَاصاً مِنْهَا وَ بَقِيَتْ فِي اَلدَّارِ قِطْعَةٌ إِلَى جَنْبِ دَارِ رَجُلٍ مِنْ إِخْوَانِنَا فَهُوَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَهَا لِغَيْبَةِ اَلاِبْنِ وَ مَا يَتَخَوَّفُ مِنْ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ شِرَاؤُهَا وَ لَيْسَ يُعْرَفُ لِلاِبْنِ خَبَرٌ قَالَ "وَ مُنْذُ كَمْ غَابَ" قُلْتُ مُنْذُ سِنِينَ كَثِيرَةٍ فَقَالَ "يَنْتَظِرُ بِهِ غَيْبَةَ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ يَشْتَرِي".

Hadith.3883 - It is narrated from Ali bin Mahziyar who said: I asked Abu Ja'far Al-Thani (as) about a house that belonged to a woman who had a son and a daughter. The son went missing at sea, and the woman died. The daughter claimed that her mother had transferred the ownership of the house to her and sold portions of it, leaving a remaining portion beside the house of one of our brothers. This brother was reluctant to purchase it due to the absence of the son and the concern that buying it might not be permissible, as there was no news about the son. Imam (as) asked: "How long has he been missing?" I said: "For many years." Imam (as) said: "He should wait for the son's absence for ten years, and then he may purchase it."

3884 - وَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلصَّفَّارُ رَحِمَهُ اَللَّهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ بَيْتاً فِي دَارٍ لَهُ بِجَمِيعِ حُقُوقِهِ وَ فَوْقَهُ بَيْتٌ آخَرُ هَلْ يَدْخُلُ اَلْبَيْتُ اَلْأَعْلَى فِي حُقُوقِ اَلْبَيْتِ اَلْأَسْفَلِ أَمْ لاَ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لَيْسَ لَهُ إِلاَّ مَا اِشْتَرَاهُ بِاسْمِهِ وَ مَوْضِعِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ".

Hadith.3884 - Muhammad bin Al-Hasan Al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) have mercy on him, wrote to Abu Muhammad Al-Hasan bin Ali (as) regarding a man who purchased a house in a property with all its rights, and there was another house above it. He asked whether the upper house is included in the rights of the lower house or not. Imam (as) responded: "He is entitled only to what he purchased by its name and specified location, if Allah (swt) wills."

3885 - وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ فِي رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِرَجُلَيْنِ اِشْهَدَا أَنَّ جَمِيعَ اَلدَّارِ اَلَّتِي لَهُ فِي مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا بِحُدُودِهَا كُلِّهَا لِفُلاَنِ بْنِ فُلاَنٍ وَ جَمِيعَ مَا لَهُ فِي اَلدَّارِ مِنَ اَلْمَتَاعِ وَ اَلْبَيِّنَةُ لاَ تَعْرِفُ اَلْمَتَاعَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ هُوَ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "يَصْلُحُ إِذَا أَحَاطَ اَلشِّرَاءُ بِجَمِيعِ ذَلِكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ".

Hadith.3885 - He wrote to Imam (as) regarding a man who said to two witnesses, "Bear witness that the entire house which he owns in such-and-such a location, with all its boundaries, belongs to so-and-so, along with all the belongings he has in the house." However, the witnesses did not know what the belongings were. Imam (as) responded: "It is valid if the purchase encompasses all of that, if Allah (swt) wills."

3886 - وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ قِطَاعُ أَرَضِينَ فَحَضَرَهُ اَلْخُرُوجُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَ اَلْقَرْيَةُ عَلَى مَرَاحِلَ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مِنَ اَلْمُقَامِ مَا يَأْتِي بِحُدُودِ أَرْضِهِ وَ عَرَّفَ حُدُودَ اَلْقَرْيَةِ اَلْأَرْبَعَةَ فَقَالَ لِلشُّهُودِ اِشْهَدُوا أَنِّي قَدْ بِعْتُ مِنْ فُلاَنٍ يَعْنِي اَلْمُشْتَرِيَ جَمِيعَ اَلْقَرْيَةِ اَلَّتِي حَدٌّ مِنْهَا كَذَا وَ اَلثَّانِي وَ اَلثَّالِثُ وَ اَلرَّابِعُ وَ إِنَّمَا لَهُ فِي هَذِهِ اَلْقَرْيَةِ قِطَاعُ أَرَضِينَ فَهَلْ يَصْلُحُ لِلْمُشْتَرِي ذَلِكَ وَ إِنَّمَا لَهُ بَعْضُ هَذِهِ اَلْقَرْيَةِ وَ قَدْ أَقَرَّ لَهُ بِكُلِّهَا فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لاَ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُ مَا لَيْسَ يَمْلِكُ وَ قَدْ وَجَبَ اَلشِّرَاءُ مِنَ اَلْبَائِعِ عَلَى مَا يَمْلِكُ ".

Hadith.3886 - He wrote to Imam (as) regarding a man who owned several plots of land and was preparing to leave for Mecca. The village was several stages away from his residence, and he did not have enough time to specify the boundaries of his land. Instead, he identified the four boundaries of the entire village and said to the witnesses, "Bear witness that I have sold to so-and-so (the buyer) the entire village, with its specified boundaries." However, in reality, he only owned some plots of land within that village. The question was whether this sale was valid for the buyer, given that the seller acknowledged ownership of the whole village. Imam (as) responded: "It is not permissible to sell what one does not own. However, the purchase is valid for the portion that the seller actually owns."

3887 - وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ فِي رَجُلٍ يُشْهِدُهُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ بَاعَ ضَيْعَةً مِنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ وَ هِيَ قِطَاعُ أَرَضِينَ وَ لَمْ يُعَرِّفِ اَلْحُدُودَ فِي وَقْتِ مَا أَشْهَدَهُ وَ قَالَ إِذَا أَتَوْكَ بِالْحُدُودِ فَاشْهَدْ بِهَا هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ أَوْ لاَ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "نَعَمْ يَجُوزُ وَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ".

Hadith.3887 - He wrote to Imam (as) regarding a man who made another person a witness that he had sold an estate to another man. The estate consisted of several plots of land, but the boundaries were not specified at the time the witness was called. The seller then said: "When they bring you the boundaries, testify to them." The question was whether it was permissible for the witness to testify in such a case. Imam (as) responded: "Yes, it is permissible, and all praise is due to Allah (swt)."

3888 - وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ عَلَى اَلْحُدُودِ إِذَا جَاءَ قَوْمٌ آخَرُونَ مِنْ أَهْلِ تِلْكَ اَلْقَرْيَةِ فَشَهِدُوا أَنَّ حُدُودَ هَذِهِ اَلضَّيْعَةِ اَلَّتِي بَاعَهَا اَلرَّجُلُ هِيَ هَذِهِ فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ لِهَذَا اَلشَّاهِدِ اَلَّذِي أَشْهَدَهُ بِالضَّيْعَةِ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ اَلْحُدُودَ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ بِالْحُدُودِ بِقَوْلِ هَؤُلاَءِ اَلَّذِينَ عَرَّفُوا هَذِهِ اَلضَّيْعَةَ وَ شَهِدُوا لَهُ أَمْ لاَ يَجُوزُ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَشْهَدُوا وَ قَدْ قَالَ لَهُمُ اَلْبَائِعُ اِشْهَدُوا بِالْحُدُودِ إِذَا أَتَوْكُمْ بِهَا فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ " لاَ تَشْهَدْ إِلاَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِ اَلشَّيْءِ وَ بِقَوْلِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ".

Hadith.3888 - He wrote to Imam (as) asking whether it is permissible for a witness, who was called to testify about the sale of an estate without specifying its boundaries, to later testify to the boundaries based on the statements of other people from the village who identified and confirmed the boundaries of the estate. The question was whether this witness, who initially testified to the sale, could now testify to the boundaries based on their statements. Imam (as) responded: "Do not testify except based on the statement of the owner of the property, if Allah (swt) wills."

3889 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ جَرَّاحٍ اَلْمَدَائِنِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ دَارٍ فِيهَا ثَلاَثَةُ أَبْيَاتٍ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُنَّ حَجْرٌ قَالَ "إِنَّمَا اَلْإِذْنُ عَلَى اَلْبُيُوتِ لَيْسَ عَلَى اَلدَّارِ إِذْنٌ".

Hadith.3889 - It is narrated from Jarrah Al-Mada'ini who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a house that contains three rooms, and these rooms do not have separate enclosures. Imam (as) said: "Permission is required for the rooms, but there is no need for permission regarding the house."

3890 - رُوِيَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُعْطِي اَلرَّجُلَ أَرْضَهُ وَ فِيهَا مَاءٌ وَ نَخْلٌ وَ فَاكِهَةٌ فَيَقُولُ اِسْقِ هَذَا مِنَ اَلْمَاءِ وَ اُعْمُرْهُ وَ لَكَ نِصْفُ مَا أَخْرَجَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُعْطِي اَلرَّجُلَ اَلْأَرْضَ اَلْخَرِبَةَ فَيَقُولُ اُعْمُرْهَا وَ هِيَ لَكَ ثَلاَثَ سِنِينَ أَوْ أَرْبَعَ أَوْ خَمْسَ سِنِينَ أَوْ مَا شَاءَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ لَهُ اَلْأَرْضُ مِنْ أَرْضِ اَلْخَرَاجِ عَلَيْهَا خَرَاجٌ مَعْلُومٌ وَ رُبَّمَا زَادَ وَ رُبَّمَا نَقَصَ فَيَدْفَعُهَا إِلَى اَلرَّجُلِ عَلَى أَنْ يَكْفِيَهُ خَرَاجَهَا وَ يُعْطِيَهُ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ فِي اَلسَّنَةِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3890 - It is narrated from Ya'qub bin Shu'ayb, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who gives his land, which has water, palm trees, and fruits, to another man and says, "Irrigate this with water, cultivate it, and you will have half of what Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, produces from it." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." I also asked him about a man who gives another man a piece of ruined land and says, "Rebuild it, and it is yours for three years, or four, or five years, or for whatever period you decide." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that." I further asked Imam (as) about a man who owns a piece of land from the lands subject to tax (kharaj) with a fixed tax, which sometimes increases and sometimes decreases. He leases it to another man under the condition that the lessee will cover its tax and pay him two hundred dirhams annually. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3891 - وَ سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَتَقَبَّلُ اَلْأَرْضَ بِطِيبَةِ نَفْسِ أَهْلِهَا عَلَى شَرْطٍ يُشَارِطُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ "لَهُ أَجْرُ بُيُوتِهَا إِلاَّ اَلَّذِي كَانَ فِي أَيْدِي دَهَاقِينِهَا إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدِ اِشْتَرَطَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِ اَلْأَرْضِ مَا فِي أَيْدِي اَلدَّهَاقِينِ".

Hadith.3891 - Sama'ah asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who leases land with the consent of its owners, based on specific conditions agreed upon with them. Imam (as) said: "He is entitled to the rent of its houses, except for what is already in the possession of its cultivators (dahaaqeen), unless he stipulated with the landowners to include what is in the possession of the cultivators."

3892 - وَ رَوَى شُعَيْبٌ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا تَقَبَّلْتَ أَرْضاً بِطِيبَةِ نَفْسِ أَهْلِهَا عَلَى شَرْطٍ شَارَطْتَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ لَكَ كُلَّ فَضْلٍ فِي حَرْثِهَا إِذَا وَفَيْتَ لَهُمْ وَ إِنَّكَ إِنْ رَمَمْتَ فِيهَا مَرَمَّةً وَ أَحْدَثْتَ فِيهَا بِنَاءً فَإِنَّ لَكَ أَجْرَ بُيُوتِهَا إِلاَّ مَا كَانَ فِي أَيْدِي دَهَاقِينِهَا".

Hadith.3892 - Shu'ayb narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "If you lease land with the consent of its owners, based on specific conditions you agreed upon with them, then any surplus from its cultivation belongs to you, provided you fulfill your agreement with them. If you repair anything in it or construct buildings on it, then you are entitled to the rent of its buildings, except for what is already in the possession of its cultivators (dahaaqeen)."

3893 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِسْتَأْجَرَ أَرْضاً بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ ثُمَّ آجَرَ بَعْضَهَا بِمِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ صَاحِبُ اَلْأَرْضِ اَلَّذِي آجَرَهُ أَنَا أَدْخُلُ مَعَكَ فِيهَا بِمَا اِسْتَأْجَرْتَ فَنُنْفِقُ جَمِيعاً فَمَا كَانَ فِيهَا مِنْ فَضْلٍ كَانَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3893 - Al-Ala' narrated from Muhammad bin Muslim, from one of the Imams (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who rented land for one thousand dirhams, then subleased part of it for two hundred dirhams. Later, the owner of the land who had leased it to him said: "I will join you in it under the same terms you rented it, and we will spend on it together, and whatever profit it yields will be shared between you and me." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3894 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِسْتَأْجَرَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ أَرْضاً فَقَالَ آجِرْنِيهَا بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا إِنْ زَرَعْتُهَا أَوْ لَمْ أَزْرَعْهَا أُعْطِيكَ ذَلِكَ فَلَمْ يَزْرَعِ اَلرَّجُلُ قَالَ "لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ بِمَالِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ".

Hadith.3894 - Aban narrated from Isma'il who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who rented land from another man and said: "Rent it to me for such-and-such amount, whether I cultivate it or not, I will pay you that amount." However, the man did not cultivate the land. Imam (as) said: "The owner has the right to claim the payment. If he wishes, he may waive it, and if he wishes, he may not waive it."

3895 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ تَسْتَأْجِرِ اَلْأَرْضَ بِالتَّمْرِ وَ لاَ بِالْحِنْطَةِ وَ لاَ بِالشَّعِيرِ وَ لاَ بِالْأَرْبِعَاءِ وَ لاَ بِالنِّطَافِ" قُلْتُ وَ مَا اَلْأَرْبِعَاءُ قَالَ "اَلشِّرْبُ وَ اَلنِّطَافُ فَضْلُ اَلْمَاءِ وَ لَكِنْ تَتَقَبَّلُهَا بِالذَّهَبِ وَ اَلْفِضَّةِ وَ اَلنِّصْفِ وَ اَلثُّلُثِ وَ اَلرُّبُعِ ".

Hadith.3895 - Ishaq bin Ammar narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "Do not rent land in exchange for dates, wheat, barley, water shares (arbi'a'), or surplus water (nitaaf)." I asked: "What is arbi'a'?" Imam (as) said: "It means water shares, and nitaaf refers to surplus water. However, you may lease the land for gold, silver, half, a third, or a quarter."

3896 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِكْتَرَى دَاراً وَ فِيهَا بُسْتَانٌ فَزَرَعَ فِي اَلْبُسْتَانِ وَ غَرَسَ نَخْلاً وَ أَشْجَاراً وَ فَاكِهَةً وَ غَيْرَهَا وَ لَمْ يَسْتَأْمِرْ فِي ذَلِكَ صَاحِبَ اَلدَّارِ قَالَ "عَلَيْهِ اَلْكِرَى وَ يُقَوِّمُ صَاحِبُ اَلدَّارِ ذَلِكَ اَلْغَرْسَ وَ اَلزَّرْعَ فَيُعْطِيهِ اَلْغَارِسَ إِنْ كَانَ اِسْتَأْمَرَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنِ اِسْتَأْمَرَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ اَلْكِرَى وَ لَهُ اَلْغَرْسُ وَ اَلزَّرْعُ يَقْلَعُهُ وَ يَذْهَبُ بِهِ حَيْثُ شَاءَ".

Hadith.3896 - Muhammad bin Muslim narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who rented a house that included a garden. The tenant planted crops, palm trees, and other fruit-bearing trees without seeking the landlord's permission. Imam (as) said: "He is responsible for paying the rent. The landlord should evaluate the plants and crops, and compensate the tenant if he had sought permission for planting them. However, if the tenant did not seek permission, he is still responsible for paying the rent, but the plants and crops belong to him. He may uproot them and take them wherever he wishes."

3897 - وَ رَوَى إِدْرِيسُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ لَنَا ضِيَاعاً وَ لَهَا اَلدُّولاَبُ وَ فِيهَا مَرَاعِي وَ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنَّا غَنَمٌ وَ إِبِلٌ وَ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تِلْكَ اَلْمَرَاعِي لِغَنَمِهِ وَ إِبِلِهِ أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْمِيَ اَلْمَرَاعِيَ لِحَاجَتِهِ إِلَيْهَا قَالَ "إِذَا كَانَتِ اَلْأَرْضُ أَرْضَهُ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَحْمِيَ وَ يُصَيِّرَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى مَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ" وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَبِيعُ اَلْمَرْعَى فَقَالَ "إِذَا كَانَتِ اَلْأَرْضُ أَرْضَهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3897 - Idris bin Zayd narrated from Abu Al-Hasan (as) who said: I said to him, "May I be your ransom, we have lands that contain waterwheels and pastures, and some of us have sheep and camels and need these pastures for them. Is it permissible for him to reserve the pastures for his own need?" Imam (as) said: "If the land is his, then he may reserve it and allocate it according to his needs." I then asked him, "Can a man sell the pasture?" Imam (as) said: "If the land is his, then there is no harm in it."

3898 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ اَلْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أُشَارِكُ اَلْعِلْجَ اَلْمُشْرِكَ فَيَكُونُ مِنْ عِنْدِي اَلْأَرْضُ وَ اَلْبَقَرُ وَ اَلْبَذْرُ وَ يَكُونُ عَلَى اَلْعِلْجِ اَلْقِيَامُ وَ اَلسَّعْيُ وَ اَلْعَمَلُ فِي اَلزَّرْعِ حَتَّى يَصِيرَ حِنْطَةً أَوْ شَعِيراً وَ تَكُونُ اَلْقِسْمَةُ فَيَأْخُذُ اَلسُّلْطَانُ حَظَّهُ وَ يَبْقَى مَا بَقِيَ عَلَى أَنَّ لِلْعِلْجِ مِنْهُ اَلثُّلُثَ وَ لِيَ اَلْبَاقِيَ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ" قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ مَا أَخْرَجْتُ مِنَ اَلْبَذْرِ وَ يَقْسِمَ اَلْبَاقِيَ فَقَالَ "لاَ إِنَّمَا شَارَكْتَهُ عَلَى أَنَّ اَلْبَذْرَ وَ اَلْبَقَرَ وَ اَلْأَرْضَ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَ عَلَيْهِ اَلْقِيَامَ وَ اَلسَّعْيَ".

Hadith.3898 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Ibrahim Al-Karkhi who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "I partner with a non-Muslim (al-ilj) in such a way that the land, cattle, and seeds are provided by me, and the non-Muslim is responsible for managing, working, and cultivating the crops until they become wheat or barley. Afterward, harvest is divided, the authorities take their share, and from the remaining portion, the non-Muslim receives one-third while I take the rest." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that." I then asked: "Is he required to return to me what I spent on the seeds and then divide the remaining harvest?" Imam (as) said: "No. You partnered with him based on the agreement that the seeds, cattle, and land are provided by you, while he is responsible for the labor and effort."

3899 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ أَخِي إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ قَالَ : سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ أَرْضٍ يُرِيدُ رَجُلٌ أَنْ يَتَقَبَّلَهَا فَأَيُّ وُجُوهِ اَلْقَبَالَةِ أَحَلُّ قَالَ "يَتَقَبَّلُ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا بِشَيْءٍ مُسَمًّى إِلَى سِنِينَ مُسَمَّاةٍ فَيَعْمُرُ وَ يُؤَدِّي اَلْخَرَاجَ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِيهَا عُلُوجٌ فَلاَ يُدْخِلِ اَلْعُلُوجَ فِي اَلْقَبَالَةِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لاَ يَحِلُّ".

Hadith.3899 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Khalid bin Jarir, the brother of Ishaq bin Jarir, who said: Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a piece of land that a man wanted to lease. He was asked which form of leasing (qabalah) is permissible. Imam (as) said: "He may lease it from its owners for a specified amount and for a specified number of years. He should cultivate it and pay the required tax (kharaj). However, if there are non-Muslim laborers (ʿuluj) working on it, he must not include them in the lease agreement, for that is not permissible."

3900 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلرَّبِيعِ قَالَ : سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَتَقَبَّلُ اَلْأَرْضَ مِنَ اَلدَّهَاقِينِ فَيُؤَاجِرُهَا بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا يَتَقَبَّلُهَا بِهِ وَ يَقُومُ فِيهَا بِحَظِّ اَلسُّلْطَانِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِنَّ اَلْأَرْضَ لَيْسَتْ مِثْلَ اَلْأَجِيرِ وَ لاَ مِثْلَ اَلْبَيْتِ إِنَّ فَضْلَ اَلْأَجِيرِ وَ اَلْبَيْتِ حَرَامٌ".

Hadith.3900 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Khalid, from Abu Al-Rabi', who said: Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a man who leases land from the landowners (dahaaqeen) and then subleases it for more than what he leased it for, while also being responsible for paying the taxes required by the authorities. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that. Land is not like a hired worker or a rented house, as the profit from a worker or a house is prohibited."

3901 - وَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً اِسْتَأْجَرَ دَاراً بِعَشَرَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَسَكَنَ ثُلُثَيْهَا وَ آجَرَ ثُلُثَهَا بِعَشَرَةِ دَرَاهِمَ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِهِ بَأْسٌ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ يُؤَاجِرْهَا بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا اِسْتَأْجَرَهَا.

Hadith.3901 - If a man rents a house for ten dirhams, lives in two-thirds of it, and subleases one-third of it for ten dirhams, there is no harm in that. However, he must not sublease it for more than what he rented it for.

3902 - وَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِسْتَأْجَرَ أَرْضاً مِنْ أَرْضِ اَلْخَرَاجِ بِدَرَاهِمَ مُسَمَّاةٍ أَوْ بِطَعَامٍ مُسَمًّى فَيُؤَاجِرُهَا جَرِيباً جَرِيباً أَوْ قِطْعَةً قِطْعَةً بِشَيْءٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَيَكُونُ لَهُ فَضْلٌ فِيمَا اِسْتَأْجَرَ مِنَ اَلسُّلْطَانِ وَ لاَ يُنْفِقُ شَيْئاً أَوْ يُؤَاجِرُ تِلْكَ اَلْأَرْضَ قِطَعاً عَلَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُمُ اَلْبُذُورَ وَ اَلنَّفَقَةَ فَيَكُونَ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَضْلٌ عَلَى إِجَارَتِهِ وَ لَهُ مَرَمَّةُ اَلْأَرْضِ أَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ أَوْ لَيْسَ لَهُ فَقَالَ "إِذَا اِسْتَأْجَرْتَ أَرْضاً فَأَنْفَقْتَ فِيهَا شَيْئاً أَوْ رَمَمْتَ فِيهَا فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِمَا ذَكَرْتَ".

Hadith.3902 - Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a man who rented land from the kharaj lands for a specified amount of dirhams or a specified quantity of food. He then subleased it, piece by piece or plot by plot, for a known price, and gained a profit over what he rented it for from the authorities without spending anything on it. Or, he subleased parts of the land while providing seeds and expenses to the tenants, resulting in a profit beyond his rental cost, and he maintained the land. Imam (as) said: "If you rent land and spend on it or maintain it, then there is no harm in what you have described."

3903 - رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلرَّبِيعِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ" : "إِذَا بِيعَ اَلْحَائِطُ وَ فِيهِ اَلنَّخْلُ وَ اَلشَّجَرُ سَنَةً وَاحِدَةً فَلاَ يُبَاعَنَّ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ ثَمَرَتُهُ وَ إِذَا بِيعَ سَنَتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاَثاً فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِبَيْعِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ مِنَ اَلْخَضِرِ ".

Hadith.3903 - It is narrated from Abu Al-Rabi' who said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) used to say: If an orchard containing palm trees and other trees is sold for one year, it should not be sold until its fruits have ripened. However, if it is sold for two or three years, then there is no harm in selling it as long as there is some greenery present in it."

3904 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ يَزْرَعُ فِي أَرْضِ رَجُلٍ عَلَى أَنْ يُشْتَرَطَ لِلْبَقَرِ اَلثُّلُثُ وَ لِلْبَذْرِ اَلثُّلُثُ وَ لِصَاحِبِ اَلْأَرْضِ اَلثُّلُثُ فَقَالَ "لاَ يُسَمِّي بَقَراً وَ لاَ بَذْراً وَ لَكِنْ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِ اَلْأَرْضِ أُزَارِعُكَ فِي أَرْضِكَ وَ لَكَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا مِمَّا أَخْرَجَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهَا".

Hadith.3904 - It is narrated from Abu Al-Rabi', from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding a man who cultivates another man's land on the condition that one-third is allocated for the oxen, one-third for the seeds, and one-third for the landowner. Imam (as) said: "He should not specify shares for the oxen or the seeds. Instead, he should say to the landowner, 'I will cultivate your land, and you will receive such-and-such portion of what Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, produces from it.'"

3905 - قَالَ أَبُو اَلرَّبِيعِ وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ يَأْتِي أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ وَ قَدِ اِعْتَدَى عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسُّلْطَانُ فَضَعُفُوا عَنِ اَلْقِيَامِ بِخَرَاجِهَا وَ اَلْقَرْيَةُ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ وَ لاَ يُدْرَى لَهُمْ هِيَ أَمْ لِغَيْرِهِمْ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ فَيَدْفَعُونَهَا إِلَيْهِ عَلَى أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ خَرَاجَهَا فَيَأْخُذُهَا مِنْهُمْ وَ يُؤَدِّي خَرَاجَهَا وَ يَفْضُلُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ كَثِيرٌ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَ اَلشَّرْطُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3905 - Abu Al-Rabi' said that Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a man who comes to the people of a village that has been overburdened by the authorities, making them unable to pay its taxes. The village remains in their possession, but it is unclear whether it fully belongs to them or if others have a share in it. They hand over the village to him on the condition that he pays its taxes. He takes possession of it, pays the taxes, and ends up with a significant surplus. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that, as long as such an agreement was made with them."

3906 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مُزَارَعَةِ أَهْلِ اَلْخَرَاجِ بِالرُّبُعِ وَ اَلثُّلُثِ وَ اَلنِّصْفِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ قَدْ قَبَّلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ، أَهْلَ خَيْبَرَ أَعْطَاهَا اَلْيَهُودَ حِينَ فُتِحَتْ عَلَيْهِ بِالْخَبْرِ وَ اَلْخَبْرُ هُوَ اَلنِّصْفُ".

Hadith.3906 - In a narration from Hammad, from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about farming partnerships with the people of kharaj lands based on a quarter, a third, or half of the yield. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) made an agreement with the Jews of Khaybar when it was conquered, granting them the land based on 'al-khabr,' and 'al-khabr' means half."

3907 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنِ اِبْنِ سَيَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَسْمَعُ قَوْماً يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ اَلزِّرَاعَةَ مَكْرُوهَةٌ فَقَالَ "اِزْرَعُوا وَ اِغْرِسُوا فَلاَ وَ اَللَّهِ مَا عَمِلَ اَلنَّاسُ عَمَلاً أَحَلَّ وَ أَطْيَبَ مِنْهُ وَ اَللَّهِ لَيَزْرَعُنَّ اَلزَّرْعَ وَ اَلنَّخْلَ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِ اَلدَّجَّالِ ".

Hadith.3907 - Muhammad bin Khalid narrated from Ibn Sayyabah, from Abu Abdillah (as): A man asked Imam (as): "May I be your ransom! I hear some people saying that farming is disliked." Imam (as) said: "Cultivate and plant! By Allah (swt), people have not engaged in any work more lawful and pure than this. By Allah (swt), they will continue to cultivate crops and date palms even after the emergence of the Dajjal."

3908 - رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "لاَ تَسْتَأْجِرِ اَلْأَرْضَ بِحِنْطَةٍ ثُمَّ تَزْرَعُهَا حِنْطَةً".

Hadith.3908 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that Imam (as) said: "Do not rent land with wheat and then plant it with wheat."

3909 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَزْرَعُ لَهُ اَلْحَرَّاثُ اَلزَّعْفَرَانَ وَ يَضْمَنُ لَهُ عَلَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ فِي جَرِيبِ أَرْضٍ يَمْسَحُ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا دِرْهَماً فَرُبَّمَا نَقَصَ وَ غَرِمَ وَ رُبَّمَا زَادَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا تَرَاضَيَا".

Hadith.3909 - Muhammad bin Sahl narrated from his father, who said: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man whose farmer plants saffron for him and guarantees to pay him a specified amount of dirhams for each measured jarib of land. Sometimes the yield is less, causing a loss, and sometimes it is more, yielding a profit. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it if they mutually agree."

3910 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَتَكَارَى مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلْبَيْتَ أَوِ اَلسَّفِينَةَ سَنَةً وَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَوْ أَقَلَّ قَالَ "اَلْكِرَى لاَزِمٌ إِلَى اَلْوَقْتِ اَلَّذِي تَكَارَى إِلَيْهِ وَ اَلْخِيَارُ فِي أَخْذِ اَلْكِرَى إِلَى رَبِّهَا إِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ".

Hadith.3910 - It is narrated from Ali bin Yaqtin, who said: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who rents a house or a boat from another man for a year, more, or less. Imam (as) said: "The lease is binding until the agreed-upon time. As for the payment of the rent, it is up to the owner, if he wishes, he may take it, and if he wishes, he may waive it."

3911 - وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيٌّ اَلصَّائِغُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فَقَالَ أَتَقَبَّلُ اَلْعَمَلَ فَأُقَبِّلُهُ مِنَ اَلْغِلْمَانِ يَعْمَلُونَ مَعِي بِالثُّلُثَيْنِ فَقَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ ذَلِكَ إِلاَّ أَنْ تُعَالِجَ مَعَهُمْ" قُلْتُ فَإِنِّي أُذِيبُهُ لَهُمْ قَالَ "ذَلِكَ عَمَلٌ فَلاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3911 - Ali the goldsmith asked Abu Abdillah (as): "I take on work and then hire young workers to assist me, giving them two-thirds of the earnings. Is this permissible?" Imam (as) said: "This is not permissible unless you work alongside them." I said: "What if I melt the gold for them?" Imam (as) said: "That is considered work, so there is no harm in it."

3912 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْخَيَّاطِ عَنْ مُجَمِّعٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَتَقَبَّلُ اَلثِّيَابَ أَخِيطُهَا فَأُعْطِيهَا اَلْغِلْمَانَ بِالثُّلُثَيْنِ قَالَ "أَ لَيْسَ تَعْمَلُ فِيهَا" قُلْتُ أُقَطِّعُهَا وَ أَشْتَرِي لَهُمُ اَلْخُيُوطَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3912 - Safwan bin Yahya narrated from Abu Muhammad Al-Khayyat, from Mujammi', who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I take on garments to sew and then give them to young workers, keeping one-third and giving them two-thirds. Is this permissible?" Imam (as) said: "Don't you also work on them?" I said: "I cut the fabric and buy the threads for them." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3913 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلطَّيَّارِ قَالَ : دَخَلْتُ اَلْمَدِينَةَ وَ طَلَبْتُ بَيْتاً أَتَكَارَاهُ فَدَخَلْتُ دَاراً فِيهَا بَيْتَانِ بَيْنَهُمَا بَابٌ وَ فِيهِ اِمْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ تُكَارِي هَذَا اَلْبَيْتَ قُلْتُ بَيْنَهُمَا بَابٌ وَ أَنَا شَابٌّ قَالَتْ أَنَا أُغْلِقُ اَلْبَابَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ فَحَوَّلْتُ مَتَاعِي فِيهِ وَ قُلْتُ لَهَا أَغْلِقِي اَلْبَابَ فَقَالَتْ تَدْخُلُ عَلَيَّ مِنْهُ اَلرَّوْحُ دَعْهُ فَقُلْتُ لاَ أَنَا شَابٌّ وَ أَنْتِ شَابَّةٌ أَغْلِقِيهِ قَالَتِ اُقْعُدْ أَنْتَ فِي بَيْتِكَ فَلَسْتُ آتِيكَ وَ لاَ أَقْرَبُكَ وَ أَبَتْ أَنْ تُغْلِقَهُ فَأَتَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ "تَحَوَّلْ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّ اَلرَّجُلَ وَ اَلْمَرْأَةَ إِذَا خُلِّيَا فِي بَيْتٍ كَانَ ثَالِثُهُمَا اَلشَّيْطَانَ".

Hadith.3913 - It is narrated from Muhammad Al-Tayyar, who said: I entered Medina looking for a house to rent. I came across a property with two rooms separated by a door, and a woman was living there. She said: "Would you like to rent this room?" I said: "But there is a door between the two rooms, and I am a young man." She said: "I will close the door between me and you." So, I moved my belongings into the room and said to her: "Close the door." She said: "I need it open for ventilation. Leave it." I replied: "No, I am a young man, and you are a young woman, close it." She said: "Stay in your room. I will not come to you or approach you," but she refused to close the door. So I went to Abu Abdillah (as) and asked him about this matter. Imam (as) said: "Move out of there, for when a man and a woman are left alone in a house, the third one among them is Satan."

3914 - وَ كَتَبَ أَبُو هَمَّامٍ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِسْتَأْجَرَ ضَيْعَةً مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَبَاعَ اَلْمُؤَاجِرُ تِلْكَ اَلضَّيْعَةَ بِحَضْرَةِ اَلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ وَ لَمْ يُنْكِرِ اَلْمُسْتَأْجِرُ اَلْبَيْعَ وَ كَانَ حَاضِراً لَهُ شَاهِداً عَلَيْهِ فَمَاتَ اَلْمُشْتَرِي وَ لَهُ وَرَثَةٌ هَلْ يَرْجِعُ ذَلِكَ اَلشَّيْءُ فِي مِيرَاثِ اَلْمَيِّتِ أَوْ يَثْبُتُ فِي يَدِ اَلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ إِلَى أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ إِجَارَتُهُ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "يَثْبُتُ فِي يَدِ اَلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ إِلَى أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ إِجَارَتُهُ".

Hadith.3914 - Abu Hammam wrote to Abu Al-Hasan (as) regarding a man who rented a property from another man. The landlord then sold the property in the presence of the tenant, who did not object to the sale and witnessed it. The buyer later died, leaving heirs. The question was whether the property would revert to the heirs as inheritance or remain with the tenant until the lease period ended. Imam (as) wrote in response: "It remains in the hands of the tenant until the lease period ends."

3915 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اِخْتَارَ لِأَنْبِيَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلْحَرْثَ وَ اَلزَّرْعَ لِئَلاَّ يَكْرَهُوا شَيْئاً مِنْ قَطْرِ اَلسَّمَاءِ ".

Hadith.3915 - It is narrated from Muhammad bin Atiyyah, who said: I heard Abu Abdillah (as) say: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, chose farming and cultivation for His prophets (peace be upon them) so that they would not dislike anything from the rainfall."

3916 - وَ سُئِلَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ وَ عَلَى اَللّٰهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ اَلْمُتَوَكِّلُونَ ۝ قَالَ "اَلزَّارِعُونَ".

Hadith.3916 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious: "And upon Allah (swt) let the reliant rely" (Surah Ibrahim 14:12). Imam (as) said: "It refers to the farmers."

3917 - رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُعْطَى اَلثَّوْبَ لِيَصْبَغَهُ فَيُفْسِدُهُ فَقَالَ "كُلُّ عَامِلٍ أَعْطَيْتَهُ أَجْراً عَلَى أَنْ يُصْلِحَ فَأَفْسَدَ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ".

Hadith.3917 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding a man who gives a garment to someone to dye it, but the dyer ruins it. Imam (as) said: "Any worker whom you pay to repair or improve something but ends up damaging it is liable."

3918 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ اَلصَّبَّاحِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْقَصَّارِ يُسَلَّمُ إِلَيْهِ اَلْمَتَاعُ فَيُحْرِقُهُ أَوْ يَخْرِقُهُ أَ يُغَرَّمُهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ غُرِّمَهُ بِمَا جَنَتْ يَدُهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنَّمَا أَعْطَيْتَهُ لِيُصْلِحَ وَ لَمْ تُعْطِهِ لِيُفْسِدَ".

Hadith.3918 - Ali bin Al-Hakam narrated from Isma'il bin Al-Sabbah, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a launderer to whom a garment is given, but he burns or tears it. Should he be held liable? Imam (as) said: "Yes, he is liable for the damage caused by his actions, for you gave it to him to repair or clean, not to ruin."

3919 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كَانَ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُضَمِّنُ اَلْقَصَّارَ وَ اَلصَّوَّاغَ مَا أَفْسَدَا وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ يَتَفَضَّلُ عَلَيْهِمْ".

Hadith.3919 - Imam (as) said: "My father (as) used to hold the launderer and the goldsmith liable for any damage they caused. But, Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) would show leniency toward them."

3920 - رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي جَمَّالٍ يَحْمِلُ مَعَهُ اَلزَّيْتَ فَيَقُولُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ أَوْ أُهْرِقَ أَوْ قُطِعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلطَّرِيقُ "فَإِنْ جَاءَ عَلَيْهِ بِبَيِّنَةٍ عَادِلَةٍ أَنَّهُ قُطِعَ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ ذَهَبَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَ إِلاَّ ضَمِنَ" وَ فِي رَجُلٍ حَمَلَ مَعَهُ رَجُلٌ فِي سَفِينَتِهِ طَعَاماً فَنَقَصَ قَالَ "هُوَ ضَامِنٌ" قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّهُ رُبَّمَا زَادَ قَالَ "تَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ زَادَ فِيهِ شَيْئاً" قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ "هُوَ لَكَ".

Hadith.3920 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding a camel driver who carries oil and claims that it was lost, spilled, or taken by robbers. Imam (as) said: "If he brings trustworthy evidence that it was stolen, lost, or taken, then he is not liable. Otherwise, he is responsible for compensating it." And regarding a man who transported food for another man in his boat, but the quantity decreased, Imam (as) said: "He is liable." I said to him: "Sometimes the quantity increases." Imam (as) said: "Do you know that he added anything to it?" I said: "No." Imam (as) said: "Then it belongs to you."

3921 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "فِي اَلْغُسَّالِ وَ اَلصُّوَّاغِ مَا سُرِقَ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ بِبَيِّنَةٍ عَلَى أَمْرٍ بَيِّنٍ أَنَّهُ قَدْ سُرِقَ وَ كُلُّ قَلِيلٍ لَهُ أَوْ كَثِيرٍ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُقِمْ بَيِّنَةً وَ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ اَلَّذِي اِدَّعَى فَقَدْ ضَمِنَهُ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ عَلَى قَوْلِهِ بَيِّنَةٌ ".

Hadith.3921 - Imam (as) said: "Regarding the washer (ghassal) and the goldsmith (sawwagh), if something is stolen from them and they do not provide clear evidence proving that it was stolen, whether it is little or much, then they are liable. However, if they establish proof with clear evidence, then they are not liable. But if they fail to present evidence and merely claim that the item was lost, they are responsible for compensating it unless they provide proof to support their claim."

3922 - وَ قَالَ : فِي رَجُلٍ تَكَارَى دَابَّةً إِلَى مَكَانٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَتَضِيعُ اَلدَّابَّةُ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ جَازَ اَلشَّرْطَ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ وَ إِنْ دَخَلَ وَادِياً فَلَمْ يُوثِقْهَا فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ وَ إِنْ سَقَطَتْ فِي بِئْرٍ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَسْتَوْثِقْ مِنْهَا".

Hadith.3922 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who rents an animal to travel to a specified location, but the animal is lost: "If he exceeded the agreed conditions, he is liable. If he entered a valley and did not secure the animal properly, he is liable. And if it fell into a well, he is liable because he did not take proper precautions to safeguard it."

3923 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ جَمَّالٍ اُكْتُرِيَ مِنْهُ إِبِلٌ وَ بُعِثَ مَعَهُ بِزَيْتٍ إِلَى أَرْضٍ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّ بَعْضَ زِقَاقِ اَلزَّيْتِ اِنْخَرَقَ وَ أَهْرَاقَ اَلزَّيْتَ قَالَ "إِنَّهُ إِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ اَلزَّيْتَ" وَ قَالَ "اِنْخَرَقَ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ يُصَدَّقُ إِلاَّ بِبَيِّنَةٍ عَادِلَةٍ وَ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ تَكَارَى دَابَّةً فَأَخَذَتْهَا اَلذِّئْبَةُ فَشَقَّتْ عَيْنَهَا فَنَفَقَتْ فَهُوَ لَهَا ضَامِنٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مُسْلِماً عَدْلاً".

Hadith.3923 - It is narrated about a camel driver who was hired to transport oil to a certain land. He claimed that some of the oil skins were torn, causing the oil to spill. Imam (as) said: "The owner may take the remaining oil if he wishes." Imam (as) also said: "The camel driver's claim that the skins were torn is not accepted unless supported by trustworthy and just evidence." And Imam (as) added: "Any man who rents an animal, and it is attacked by a wolf, which injures its eye and causes it to die, is liable for it unless he is a trustworthy and just person."

3924 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ : حَمَلَ أَبِي مَتَاعاً إِلَى اَلشَّامِ مَعَ جَمَّالٍ فَذَكَرَ أَنَّ حِمْلاً مِنْهُ ضَاعَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ "أَ تَتَّهِمُهُ" فَقُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ "فَلاَ تُضَمِّنْهُ".

Hadith.3924 - It is narrated from Ja'far bin Uthman, who said: My father sent some goods to Syria with a camel driver, and the camel driver claimed that one of the loads was lost. I mentioned this to Abu Abdillah (as). Imam (as) said: "Do you suspect him?" I said: "No." Imam (as) said: "Then do not hold him liable."

3925 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَصَّارٍ دَفَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ ثَوْباً فَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ سُرِقَ مِنْ بَيْنِ ثِيَابِهِ قَالَ "عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُقِيمَ اَلْبَيِّنَةَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ سُرِقَ مِنْ بَيْنِ مَتَاعِهِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَ إِنْ سُرِقَ مَعَ مَتَاعِهِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ".

Hadith.3925 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: I asked him about a launderer to whom I gave a garment, and he claimed that it was stolen from among his belongings. Imam (as) said: "He must provide evidence that it was stolen from among his belongings, and if he does so, then he is not liable. Similarly, if it was stolen along with his belongings, he is not liable."

3926 - وَ رَوَى عُثْمَانُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ جَمَّالاً لَنَا كَانَ يُكَارِينَا فَحَمَلَ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ فَضَاعَ قَالَ "ضَمِّنْهُ وَ خُذْ مِنْهُ".

Hadith.3926 - Uthman bin Ziyad narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: I said to Imam (as): "We had a camel driver who used to work for us. He loaded goods onto someone else's camel, and they were lost." Imam (as) said: "Hold him liable and take compensation from him."

3927 - وَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُضَمِّنُ اَلصَّبَّاغَ وَ اَلْقَصَّارَ وَ اَلصَّائِغَ، اِحْتِيَاطاً عَلَى أَمْتِعَةِ اَلنَّاسِ وَ كَانَ لاَ يُضَمِّنُ مِنَ اَلْغَرَقِ وَ اَلْحَرَقِ وَ اَلشَّيْءِ اَلْغَالِبِ وَ إِذَا غَرِقَتِ اَلسَّفِينَةُ وَ مَا فِيهَا فَأَصَابَهُ اَلنَّاسُ فَمَا قَذَفَ بِهِ اَلْبَحْرُ عَلَى سَاحِلِهِ فَهُوَ لِأَهْلِهِ وَ هُمْ أَحَقُّ بِهِ وَ مَا غَاصَ عَلَيْهِ اَلنَّاسُ وَ تَرَكَهُ صَاحِبُهُ فَهُوَ لَهُمْ".

Hadith.3927 - Commander of the Faithful (as) used to hold the dyer, launderer, and goldsmith liable as a precaution to protect people's belongings. However, he did not hold them liable for damages caused by drowning, fire, or overwhelming events. And if a ship sinks along with its cargo, and people recover what washes up on the shore, it belongs to its owners, and they have the strongest claim to it. But whatever people dive for and the owner abandons, it belongs to those who recover it.

3928 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يُضَمَّنُ اَلصَّائِغُ وَ لاَ اَلْقَصَّارُ وَ لاَ اَلْحَائِكُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونُوا مُتَّهَمِينَ فَيَجِيئُونَ بِالْبَيِّنَةِ فَيُخَوَّفُ وَ يُسْتَحْلَفُ لَعَلَّهُ يُسْتَخْرَجُ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ ".

Hadith.3928 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "The goldsmith, the launderer, and the weaver are not held liable unless they are suspected. In such cases, they must bring evidence, and they should be made to swear an oath and be warned, perhaps something may be revealed from them."

3929 - وَ أُتِيَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِصَاحِبِ حَمَّامٍ وُضِعَتْ عِنْدَهُ اَلثِّيَابُ فَضَاعَتْ فَلَمْ يُضَمِّنْهُ وَ قَالَ "إِنَّمَا هُوَ أَمِينٌ".

Hadith.3929 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) was presented with the case of a bathhouse attendant with whom clothes were deposited, but they were lost. Imam (as) did not hold him liable and said: "He is merely a trustee."

3930 - وَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ضَمَّنَ رَجُلاً مُسْلِماً أَصَابَ خِنْزِيراً لِنَصْرَانِيٍّ قِيمَتَهُ".

Hadith.3930 - Indeed, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) held a Muslim man liable to pay the value of a pig that belonged to a Christian, which he had harmed.

3931 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَسْتَأْجِرُ اَلْحَمَّالَ فَيَكْسِرُ اَلَّذِي يَحْمِلُ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ يُهَرِيقُهُ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ مَأْمُوناً فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ مَأْمُونٍ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ".

Hadith.3931 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding a man who hires a porter, and the porter either breaks what he is carrying or spills it. Imam (as) said: "If he is trustworthy, then he is not liable. But if he is not trustworthy, then he is liable."

3932 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "فِي رَجُلٍ حَمَلَ مَتَاعاً عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَأَصَابَ إِنْسَاناً فَمَاتَ أَوْ اِنْكَسَرَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ".

Hadith.3932 - Ibn Abi Nasr narrated from Dawood bin Sirhan, from Abu Abdillah (as): "If a man carries goods on his head and accidentally strikes someone, causing their death or breaking something, then he is liable."

3933 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ قَالَ كَتَبَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى اَلْفَقِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ دَفَعَ ثَوْباً إِلَى اَلْقَصَّارِ لِيُقَصِّرَهُ فَدَفَعَهُ اَلْقَصَّارُ إِلَى قَصَّارٍ غَيْرِهِ لِيُقَصِّرَهُ فَضَاعَ اَلثَّوْبُ هَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَى اَلْقَصَّارِ أَنْ يَرُدَّ مَا دَفَعَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ إِنْ كَانَ اَلْقَصَّارُ مَأْمُوناً فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "هُوَ ضَامِنٌ لَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ ثِقَةً مَأْمُوناً إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ".

Hadith.3933 - It is narrated from Muhammad bin Ali bin Mahbub, who said: A man wrote to the 'Jurist' (Imam Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari (as)) asking about a case where a person gave a garment to a launderer to clean, and the launderer then handed it over to another launderer to clean, but the garment was lost. Should the first launderer be required to compensate for what he entrusted to another? Imam (as) wrote in reply: "He is liable for it unless the second launderer is trustworthy and reliable, God willing."

3980 - رُوِيَ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : كُنْتُ أَبِيعُ اَلسَّابِرِيَّ فِي اَلظِّلاَلِ فَمَرَّ بِي أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْأَوَّلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَاكِباً فَقَالَ لِي "يَا هِشَامُ إِنَّ اَلْبَيْعَ فِي اَلظِّلاَلِ غِشٌّ وَ اَلْغِشُّ لاَ يَحِلُّ".

Hadith. - Hisham ibn Al-Hakam narrated: "I used to sell Sabiri (a type of cloth) in the shade, and Abu Al-Hasan the First (as) passed by me while riding. Imam (as) said to me: 'O Hisham, selling in the shade is deceit, and deceit is not permissible.'"

4032 - رَوَى يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُبَايِعُ الرَّجُلَ عَلَى الشَّيْ‌ءِ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِذَا كَانَ أَصْلُ الشَّيْ‌ءِ حَلَالًا.

Hadith.4032 - Yunus ibn Abd al-Rahman narrated from more than one person, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who trades with another man over something. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm, as long as the origin of the item is lawful."

4033 - وَ- رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ‌ قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمَالُ فَيَدْخُلُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ يَبِيعُهُ لُؤْلُؤَةً تُسَاوِي مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ يُؤَخِّرُ عَلَيْهِ الْمَالَ إِلَى وَقْتٍ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قَدْ أَمَرَنِي أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَفَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ.

Hadith.4033 - Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated: I said to Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as): "A man has wealth and goes to another man who sells him a pearl worth one hundred dirhams for one thousand dirhams, deferring the payment to a later time." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it. My father (as) instructed me to do so, and I did it."

4034 - وَ- رُوِيَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ‌ قَالَ‌ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَيَّنْتُ رَجُلًا عِينَةً فَحَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ اقْضِنِي قَالَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي فَعَيِّنِّي حَتَّى أَقْضِيَكَ قَالَ عَيِّنْهُ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَكَ.

Hadith.4034 - It is narrated from Safwan al-Jammal, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "I appointed a specific loan (aynah) for a man, and it became due. I said to him, 'Repay me.' He said: 'I do not have it now, so specify another loan for me until I can repay you.'" Imam (as) said: "Specify it for him until he repays you."

4035 - وَ- رُوِيَ عَنْ بَكَّارِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ الْمَالُ فَإِذَا حَلَّ قَالَ لَهُ بِعْنِي مَتَاعاً حَتَّى أَبِيعَهُ وَ أَقْضِيَكَ الَّذِي لَكَ عَلَيَّ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

Hadith.4035 - It is narrated from Bakkar ibn Abi Bakr, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who has a debt owed to him by another man. When the debt becomes due, the debtor says to him, "Sell me some goods so that I may sell them and repay you what I owe." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

4036 - رُوِيَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ‌ قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ‌ يَبِيعُ الدَّرَاهِمَ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ نَسِيئَةً قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌.

Hadith.4036 - It is narrated from Ammar al-Sabati, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: I asked him about a man who sells dirhams for dinars on credit. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

4037 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "اَلْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ مِثْلٌ بِمِثْلٍ وَ اَلذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ مِثْلٌ بِمِثْلٍ لَيْسَ فِيهِ زِيَادَةٌ وَ لاَ نَظِرَةٌ اَلزَّائِدُ وَ اَلْمُسْتَزِيدُ فِي اَلنَّارِ".

Hadith.4037 - Hammad narrated from al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Silver for silver must be equal, and gold for gold must be equal, there should be neither an increase nor a delay. The one who gives extra and the one who demands extra will be in the Fire."

4038 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ اَلدَّنَانِيرُ فَيَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ دَرَاهِمَ ثُمَّ يَتَغَيَّرُ اَلسِّعْرُ قَالَ "هِيَ لَهُ عَلَى اَلسِّعْرِ اَلَّذِي أَخَذَهَا يَوْمَئِذٍ وَ إِنْ أَخَذَ دَنَانِيرَ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ دَرَاهِمُ عِنْدَهُ فَدَنَانِيرُهُ عَلَيْهِ يَأْخُذُهَا بِرُءُوسِهَا مَتَى شَاءَ".

Hadith.4038 - Aban narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: I asked Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) about a man who is owed dinars by another man, but he accepts dirhams instead. Then the price changes. Imam (as) said: "It is based on the value at which he accepted them on that day. However, if he had accepted dinars and not dirhams, then his dinars remain owed to him, and he may take them in their original amount whenever he wishes."

4039 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّهُ يَأْتِينِي اَلرَّجُلُ وَ مَعَهُ اَلدَّرَاهِمُ فَأَشْتَرِيهَا مِنْهُ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ ثُمَّ أُعْطِيهِ كِيساً فِيهِ دَنَانِيرُ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ دَرَاهِمِهِ فَأَقُولُ لَكَ مِنْ هَذِهِ اَلدَّنَانِيرِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا دِينَاراً ثَمَنُ دَرَاهِمِكَ فَيَقْبِضُ اَلْكِيسَ مِنِّي ثُمَّ يَرُدُّهُ عَلَيَّ وَ يَقُولُ أَثْبِتْهَا لِي عِنْدَكَ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ فِي اَلْكِيسِ وَفَاءٌ بِثَمَنِ دَرَاهِمِهِ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.4039 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Hanan ibn Sadir, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "A man comes to me with dirhams, and I buy them from him with dinars. Then I give him a pouch containing more dinars than the value of his dirhams. I say to him: 'From these dinars, such and such amount is the price of your dirhams.' He takes the pouch from me, then returns it and says: 'Keep it with you for me.'" Imam (as) said: "If the pouch contains enough to cover the value of his dirhams, then there is no harm in it."

4040 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ سِجِسْتَانَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ عِنْدَنَا دَرَاهِمَ يُقَالُ لَهَا اَلشَّامِيَّةُ تَحْمِلُ عَلَى اَلدَّرَاهِمِ دَانِقَيْنِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.4040 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that a man from Sijistan came to him and said: "We have dirhams called al-Shamiyyah that are valued two daniqs more than regular dirhams." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it; it is permissible."

4041 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ اَلصَّيَارِفَةِ اِبْتَاعَا وَرِقاً بِدَنَانِيرَ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ اُنْقُدْ عَنِّي وَ هُوَ مُوسِرٌ لَوْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَنْقُدَ نَقَدَ فَيَنْقُدُ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ نَصِيبَ صَاحِبِهِ بِرِبْحٍ أَ يَصْلُحُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.4041 - Ibn Muskan narrated from al-Halabi, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about two moneychangers who bought silver with dinars. One of them said to his companion, "Pay on my behalf," even though he was capable of paying if he wished. So the companion paid for him. Then later, he decided to buy his companion's share with a profit. I asked: "Is this permissible?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

4042 - رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلدَّرَاهِمُ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ فِي إِحْدَاهُمَا رَصَاصٌ وَزْناً بِوَزْنٍ قَالَ أَعِدْ فَأَعَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَعِدْ فَأَعَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ "لاَ أَرَى بِهِ بَأْساً".

Hadith.4042 - It is narrated from Umar ibn Yazid, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about exchanging dirhams for dirhams, where one of them contains lead, but they are equal in weight. Imam (as) said: "Repeat the question." So I repeated it to him. Then Imam (as) said: "Repeat it again." I repeated it again, and Imam (as) said: "I see no harm in it."

4043 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلصَّرْفِ وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ اَلرِّفْقَةَ رُبَّمَا عَجِلَتْ فَلَمْ نَقْدِرْ عَلَى اَلدِّمَشْقِيَّةِ وَ اَلْبَصْرِيَّةِ وَ إِنَّمَا يَجُوزُ بِنَيْسَابُورَ اَلدِّمَشْقِيَّةُ وَ اَلْبَصْرِيَّةُ فَقَالَ "وَ مَا اَلرِّفْقَةُ " فَقُلْتُ اَلْقَوْمُ يَتَرَافَقُونَ وَ يَجْتَمِعُونَ لِلْخُرُوجِ فَإِذَا عَجِلُوا فَرُبَّمَا لَمْ يَقْدِرُوا عَلَى اَلدِّمَشْقِيَّةِ وَ اَلْبَصْرِيَّةِ فَبِعْنَاهَا بِالْغِلَّةِ فَصَرَفُوا اَلْأَلْفَ وَ اَلْخَمْسِينَ مِنْهَا بِأَلْفٍ مِنَ اَلدِّمَشْقِيَّةِ فَقَالَ "لاَ خَيْرَ فِيهَا أَ فَلاَ تَجْعَلُونَ فِيهَا ذَهَباً لِمَكَانِ زِيَادَتِهَا " فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَشْتَرِي اَلْأَلْفَ وَ دِينَاراً بِأَلْفَيْ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِنَّ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ أَجْرَأَ عَلَى أَهْلِ اَلْمَدِينَةِ مِنَّا فَكَانَ يَفْعَلُ هَذَا فَيَقُولُونَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ اَلْفِرَارُ وَ لَوْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ بِدِينَارٍ لَمْ يُعْطَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَ لَوْ جَاءَ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ لَمْ يُعْطَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ" "نِعْمَ اَلشَّيْءُ اَلْفِرَارُ مِنَ اَلْحَرَامِ إِلَى اَلْحَلاَلِ".

Hadith.4043 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj, who said: I asked Imam (as) about currency exchange, and I said to Imam (as): "Sometimes during travel, the caravan may hurry, and we are unable to find the Damascene and Basran currencies. However, only the Damascene and Basran currencies are accepted in Nishapur. Imam (as) asked: 'What is the caravan?' I said: 'It refers to a group of people who travel together and prepare for departure. If they hurry, they may not find the required currencies, so we sell them the lower-quality coins, exchanging 1,050 of these for 1,000 Damascene coins.' Imam (as) said: 'There is no good in this. Why don't you add gold to it to account for the excess amount?'" I said to Imam (as): "Can I buy 1,000 and a dinar with 2,000 dirhams?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it. My father (as) was bolder than us towards the people of Medina. He used to do this, and they would say it is merely a tactic. They would claim that if a man brought a dinar, he would not receive 1,000 dirhams, and if he brought 1,000 dirhams, he would not receive a dinar." Then Imam (as) used to say: 'What an excellent thing it is to flee from the unlawful to the lawful.'"

4044 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ اَلْمَالُ فَيَقْضِينِي بَعْضاً دَنَانِيرَ وَ بَعْضاً دَرَاهِمَ فَإِذَا جَاءَ يُحَاسِبُنِي لِيُوَفِّيَنِي جَاءَ وَ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَ سِعْرُ اَلدَّنَانِيرِ أَيَّ اَلسِّعْرَيْنِ أَحْسُبُ اَلَّذِي كَانَ يَوْمَ أَعْطَانِي اَلدَّنَانِيرَ أَوْ سِعْرَ يَوْمَ أُحَاسِبُهُ قَالَ "سِعْرَ يَوْمَ أَعْطَاكَ اَلدَّنَانِيرَ لِأَنَّكَ حَبَسْتَ مَنْفَعَتَهَا عَنْهُ".

Hadith.4044 - Safwan narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: I asked Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) about a man who owes me money and repays me partially with dinars and partially with dirhams. When he comes to settle the remaining amount, the price of the dinars has changed. I asked: "Which price should I calculate, the price on the day he gave me the dinars or the price on the day we settle the account?" Imam (as) said: "The price on the day he gave you the dinars, because you withheld their benefit from him."

4045 - وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ شِرَاءِ اَلْفِضَّةِ وَ فِيهَا اَلزِّيبَقُ وَ اَلرَّصَاصُ بِالْوَرِقِ وَ هِيَ إِذَا أُذِيبَتْ نَقَصَتْ مِنْ كُلِّ عَشَرَةٍ دِرْهَمَانِ أَوْ ثَلاَثَةٌ فَقَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ إِلاَّ بِالذَّهَبِ".

Hadith.4045 - Abdullah ibn Sinan asked Abu Abdullah (as) about buying silver that contains mercury and lead with silver coins, knowing that when it is melted, it decreases by two or three dirhams for every ten. Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible, except with gold."

4046 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَكُونُ لِلرَّجُلِ عِنْدِي مِنَ اَلدَّرَاهِمِ اَلْوَضَحُ فَيَلْقَانِي فَيَقُولُ أَ لَيْسَ لِي عِنْدَكَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَضَحٍ فَأَقُولُ نَعَمْ فَيَقُولُ حَوِّلْهَا إِلَى دَنَانِيرَ بِهَذَا اَلسِّعْرِ وَ أَثْبِتْهَا لِي عِنْدَكَ فَمَا تَرَى فِي هَذَا قَالَ "إِذَا كُنْتَ قَدِ اِسْتَقْصَيْتَ لَهُ اَلسِّعْرَ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ" قَالَ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي لَمْ أُوَازِنْهُ وَ لَمْ أُنَاقِدْهُ إِنَّمَا كَانَ كَلاَمٌ مِنِّي وَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ "أَ لَيْسَ اَلدَّرَاهِمُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَ اَلدَّنَانِيرُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ" قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.4046 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "A man has some clear silver dirhams with me. He meets me and says, 'Don't I have such and such amount of clear dirhams with you?' I reply, 'Yes.' Then he says, 'Convert them into dinars at this rate and record them for me as dinars.' What do you think about this?" Imam (as) said: "If you had calculated the exchange rate for him on that day, then there is no harm in it." I said: "I did not weigh them or make the exchange in person; it was only a verbal agreement between us." Imam (as) said: "Aren't the dirhams and dinars both with you?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "Then there is no harm in it."

4047 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ اَلْبَرْقِيُّ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يَأْكُلُ مِنَ اَلضَّالَّةِ إِلاَّ اَلضَّالُّونَ ".

Hadith.4047 - Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Barqi (may Allah (swt) be pleased with him) narrated from Wahb ibn Wahb, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "None consume from lost property except those who are themselves lost."

4048 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ اَلصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً صَلَوَاتُ اَللَّهِ وَ سَلاَمُهُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ : "إِيَّاكُمْ وَ اَللُّقَطَةَ فَإِنَّهَا ضَالَّةُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ وَ هِيَ حَرِيقٌ مِنْ حَرِيقِ جَهَنَّمَ ".

Hadith.4048 - In a narration from Mas'adah ibn Ziyad, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Beware of taking lost property, for it is the loss of a believer, and it is a flame from the flames of Hell."

4049 - وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، أَخَاهُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَللُّقَطَةِ يَجِدُهَا اَلْفَقِيرُ هُوَ فِيهَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ اَلْغَنِيِّ فَقَالَ "نَعَمْ" قَالَ "وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ "هِيَ لِأَهْلِهَا لاَ تَمَسُّوهَا " " قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُ دِرْهَماً أَوْ ثَوْباً أَوْ دَابَّةً كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ "يُعَرِّفُهَا سَنَةً فَإِنْ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ جَعَلَهَا فِي عَرْضِ مَالِهِ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ طَالِبُهَا فَيُعْطِيَهَا إِيَّاهُ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ أَوْصَى بِهَا وَ هُوَ لَهَا ضَامِنٌ ".

Hadith.4049 - Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a lost item found by a poor person, whether he is in the same position regarding it as a wealthy person. Imam (as) said: "Yes." Imam (as) further said: " Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) used to say, 'It belongs to its owner, do not touch it.'" He (Ali ibn Ja'far) said: I also asked Imam (as) about a man who finds a dirham, a piece of clothing, or a riding animal, what should he do? Imam (as) said: "He should announce it for one year. If its owner does not come forward, he should keep it as part of his property until its claimant appears, and then he must return it. If he dies, he should include it in his will, and he is responsible for it."

4050 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ وَجَدَ فِي بَيْتِهِ دِينَاراً فَقَالَ "يَدْخُلُ مَنْزِلَهُ غَيْرُهُ" فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ كَثِيرٌ قَالَ "هَذِهِ لُقَطَةٌ" قُلْتُ وَ رَجُلٌ وَجَدَ فِي صُنْدُوقِهِ دِينَاراً قَالَ "يُدْخِلُ أَحَدٌ يَدَهُ فِي صُنْدُوقِهِ غَيْرُهُ أَوْ يَضَعُ فِيهِ شَيْئاً" قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ "فَهُوَ لَهُ".

Hadith.4050 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Jamil ibn Salih, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who found a dinar in his house. Imam (as) said: "Does anyone else enter his house?" I said: "Yes, many people enter." Imam (as) said: "Then it is considered lost property (luqata)." I asked: "What about a man who found a dinar in his locked box?" Imam (as) said: "Does anyone else put their hand into his box or place something in it?" I said: "No." Imam (as) said: "Then it belongs to him."

4051 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رَجَاءٍ اَلْخَيَّاطِ قَالَ : كَتَبْتُ إِلَى اَلطَّيِّبِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلْحَرَامِ فَرَأَيْتُ دِينَاراً فَأَهْوَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ لآِخُذَهُ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِآخَرَ ثُمَّ بَحَثْتُ اَلْحَصَى فَإِذَا أَنَا بِثَالِثٍ فَأَخَذْتُهَا فَعَرَّفْتُهَا وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفْهَا أَحَدٌ فَمَا تَرَى فِي ذَلِكَ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنِّي قَدْ فَهِمْتُ مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اَلدَّنَانِيرِ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ مُحْتَاجاً فَتَصَدَّقْ بِثُلُثِهَا وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ غَنِيّاً فَتَصَدَّقْ بِالْكُلِّ".

Hadith.4051 - Muhammad ibn Isa narrated from Muhammad ibn Raja' al-Khiyyat, who said: I wrote to al-Tayyib Imam Ali ibn Muhammad Al-Hadi (as): "I was in the Sacred Mosque (Masjid al-Haram) and saw a dinar. I reached out to take it, and then I found another one. I searched the pebbles and found a third. I took them and announced them, but no one claimed them. What do you advise regarding this matter?" Imam (as) wrote in reply: "I have understood what you mentioned about the dinars. If you are in need, then give one-third of them in charity. But if you are wealthy, then give all of them in charity."

4052 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى اَلْجَمَّالِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "مَنْ وَجَدَ ضَالَّةً فَلَمْ يُعَرِّفْهَا ثُمَّ وُجِدَتْ عِنْدَهُ فَإِنَّهَا لِرَبِّهَا وَ مِثْلُهَا مِنْ مَالِ اَلَّذِي كَتَمَهَا ".

Hadith.4052 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Safwan ibn Yahya al-Jammal that he heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: "Whoever finds lost property and does not announce it, then it is later found in his possession, it must be returned to its owner, and he must also pay an equivalent amount from his own wealth for having concealed it."

4053 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْعَلاَءِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ وَجَدَ مَالاً فَعَرَّفَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا مَضَتِ اَلسَّنَةُ اِشْتَرَى بِهَا خَادِماً فَجَاءَ طَالِبُ اَلْمَالِ فَوَجَدَ اَلْجَارِيَةَ اَلَّتِي اِشْتَرَاهَا بِالدَّرَاهِمِ هِيَ اِبْنَتُهُ قَالَ "لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ إِلاَّ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ اَلاِبْنَةُ إِنَّمَا لَهُ رَأْسُ مَالِهِ إِنَّمَا كَانَتِ اِبْنَتُهُ مَمْلُوكَةَ قَوْمٍ".

Hadith.4053 - It is narrated from Abu al-Ala, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who found some money, announced it for a year, and then used it to buy a servant. Later, the owner of the money came and found that the servant purchased with the money was actually his daughter. Imam (as) said: "He is only entitled to take the money and not the daughter. What he is entitled to is his principal amount, as the daughter was previously the property of others."

4054 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو خَدِيجَةَ سَالِمُ بْنُ مُكْرَمٍ اَلْجَمَّالُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ ذَرِيحٌ : عَنِ اَلْمَمْلُوكِ يَأْخُذُ اَللُّقَطَةَ فَقَالَ "مَا لِلْمَمْلُوكِ وَ اَللُّقَطَةِ اَلْمَمْلُوكُ لاَ يَمْلِكُ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ شَيْئاً فَلاَ يَعْرِضُ لَهَا اَلْمَمْلُوكُ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْبَغِي لِلْحُرِّ أَنْ يُعَرِّفَهَا سَنَةً فِي مَجْمَعٍ فَإِنْ جَاءَ طَالِبُهَا دَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ وَ إِلاَّ كَانَتْ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَإِنْ مَاتَ كَانَتْ مِيرَاثاً لِوُلْدِهِ وَ لِمَنْ وَرِثَهُ فَإِنْ جَاءَ طَالِبُهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ دَفَعُوهَا إِلَيْهِ".

Hadith.4054 - Abu Khadijah Salim ibn Mukram al-Jammal narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that Dharih asked him about a servant who picks up lost property. Imam (as) said: "What does a servant have to do with lost property? A servant does not own anything for himself, so he should not interfere with it. It is proper for a free person to announce it for one year in a public gathering. If its owner comes, he should return it to him. Otherwise, it becomes part of his property. If he dies, it becomes inheritance for his children and those who inherit from him. But if the owner comes after that, they must return it to him."

4055 - وَ سَأَلَهُ دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي يَزِيدَ : عَنِ اَلْإِدَاوَةِ وَ اَلنَّعْلَيْنِ وَ اَلسَّوْطِ يَجِدُهُ اَلرَّجُلُ فِي اَلطَّرِيقِ أَ يَنْتَفِعُ بِهِ قَالَ "لاَ يَمَسَّهُ".

Hadith.4055 - Dawud ibn Abi Yazid asked him about finding a water container, a pair of sandals, or a whip on the road, whether a person may use them. Imam (as) said: "He should not touch them."

4056 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِلُقَطَةِ اَلْعَصَا وَ اَلشِّظَاظِ وَ اَلْوَتِدِ وَ اَلْحَبْلِ وَ اَلْعِقَالِ وَ أَشْبَاهِهِ".

Hadith.4056 - Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in picking up lost items such as a staff, a strap, a peg, a rope, a hobble, and similar things."

4057 - وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلشَّاةِ اَلضَّالَّةِ بِالْفَلاَةِ فَقَالَ لِلسَّائِلِ هِيَ لَكَ أَوْ لِأَخِيكَ أَوْ لِلذِّئْبِ قَالَ "وَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَمَسَّهَا وَ عَنِ اَلْبَعِيرِ اَلضَّالِّ أَيْضاً" قَالَ "مَا لَكَ وَ لَهُ بَطْنُهُ وِعَاؤُهُ وَ خُفُّهُ حِذَاؤُهُ وَ كَرِشُهُ سِقَاؤُهُ خَلِّ عَنْهُ".

Hadith.4057 - Imam (as) was asked about a lost sheep in the wilderness. Imam (as) said to the questioner: "It is either yours, your brother's, or the wolf's." Then Imam (as) said: "I do not like to touch it." And when asked about a lost camel, Imam (as) said: "What do you have to do with it? Its belly is its container, its hooves are its shoes, and its stomach is its water carrier. Leave it alone."

4058 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ : سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَللُّقَطَةِ وَ أَنَا أَسْمَعُ فَقَالَ "تُعَرِّفُهَا سَنَةً فَإِنْ وَجَدْتَ صَاحِبَهَا وَ إِلاَّ فَأَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا".

Hadith.4058 - It is narrated from Hanan ibn Sadir, who said: A man asked Abu Abdullah (as) about lost property while I was listening. Imam (as) said: "Announce it for one year. If you find its owner, return it to him; otherwise, you are more entitled to keep it."

4059 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "قَضَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ دَابَّتَهُ مِنْ جَهْدٍ قَالَ "إِنْ تَرَكَهَا فِي كَلَإٍ وَ مَاءٍ وَ أَمْنٍ فَهِيَ لَهُ يَأْخُذُهَا حَيْثُ أَصَابَهَا وَ إِنْ تَرَكَهَا فِي خَوْفٍ وَ غَيْرِ مَاءٍ وَ لاَ كَلَإٍ فَهِيَ لِمَنْ أَصَابَهَا " ".

Hadith.4059 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled regarding a man who abandoned his animal due to hardship. Imam (as) said: "If he left it in a place with grass, water, and safety, it remains his, and he may reclaim it wherever he finds it. But if he left it in a place with danger, without water or grass, then it belongs to whoever finds it."

4060 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ جُعْلِ اَلْآبِقِ وَ اَلضَّالَّةِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4060 - It is narrated from Wahb ibn Wahb, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about the reward for returning a runaway slave or lost property. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

4061 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : فِي اَلضَّالَّةِ يَجِدُهَا اَلرَّجُلُ فَيَنْوِي أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لَهَا جُعْلاً فَتَنْفُقُ قَالَ "هُوَ ضَامِنٌ لَهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَنْوِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لَهَا جُعْلاً فَنَفَقَتْ فَلاَ ضَمَانَ عَلَيْهِ ".

Hadith.4061 - Al-Husayn ibn Zayd narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: Commander of the Faithful (as) used to say regarding lost property found by someone who intends to take a reward for returning it, but it dies (or perishes): "He is liable for it. However, if he did not intend to take a reward and it dies (or perishes), then he is not liable for it."

4062 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ اَلْحِمْيَرِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي كِتَابٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى جَزُوراً أَوْ بَقَرَةً أَوْ شَاةً أَوْ غَيْرَهَا لِلْأَضَاحِيِّ أَوْ غَيْرِهَا فَلَمَّا ذَبَحَهَا وَجَدَ فِي جَوْفِهَا صُرَّةً فِيهَا دَرَاهِمُ أَوْ دَنَانِيرُ أَوْ جَوَاهِرُ أَوْ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ اَلْمَنَافِعِ لِمَنْ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ وَ كَيْفَ يَعْمَلُ بِهِ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "عَرِّفْهَا اَلْبَائِعَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَعْرِفْهَا فَالشَّيْءُ لَكَ رَزَقَكَ اَللَّهُ إِيَّاهُ".

Hadith.4062 - It is narrated from Abdullah ibn Ja'far al-Himyari, who said: I wrote to Imam (as) asking about a man who bought a camel, a cow, a sheep, or any other animal, whether for sacrifice or otherwise. After slaughtering it, he found a pouch inside it containing dirhams, dinars, jewels, or other valuable items. To whom does it belong, and what should he do with it? Imam (as) wrote in response: "Inform the seller about it. If he does not claim it, then it is yours, Allah (swt) has provided it for you."

4063 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَجَّالُ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ إِنِّي قَدْ أَصَبْتُ مَالاً وَ إِنِّي قَدْ خِفْتُ فِيهِ عَلَى نَفْسِي فَلَوْ أَصَبْتُ صَاحِبَهُ دَفَعْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ تَخَلَّصْتُ مِنْهُ قَالَ لَهُ "فَوَ اَللَّهِ لَوْ أَصَبْتَهُ كُنْتَ تَدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ" قَالَ إِي وَ اَللَّهِ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "فَلاَ وَ اَللَّهِ مَا لَهُ صَاحِبٌ غَيْرِي" قَالَ وَ اِسْتَحْلَفَهُ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى مَنْ يَأْمُرُهُ قَالَ فَحَلَفَ قَالَ "اِذْهَبْ فَاقْسِمْهُ فِي إِخْوَانِكَ وَ لَكَ اَلْأَمَانُ فِيمَا خِفْتَ" قَالَ فَقَسَمَهُ بَيْنَ إِخْوَانِهِ.

Hadith.4063 - Al-Hajjal narrated from Dawud ibn Abi Yazid, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: A man said to Imam (as): "I have come across some wealth, and I fear for my safety because of it. If I were to find its owner, I would return it to him and be free from it." Imam (as) said to him, "By Allah (swt), if you were to find its owner, would you truly return it to him?" The man replied: "Yes, by Allah (swt)." Imam (as) then said: "By Allah (swt), it has no owner other than me." Imam (as) then made the man swear to distribute it as Imam (as) instructed. The man swore, and Imam (as) said: "Go and distribute it among your brothers, and you are safe from what you feared." So, the man divided it among his brothers.

4064 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَفْضَلُ مَا يَسْتَعْمِلُهُ اَلْإِنْسَانُ فِي اَللُّقَطَةِ إِذَا وَجَدَهَا أَلاَّ يَأْخُذَهَا وَ لاَ يَتَعَرَّضَ لَهَا فَلَوْ أَنَّ اَلنَّاسَ تَرَكُوا مَا يَجِدُونَهُ لَجَاءَ صَاحِبُهُ فَأَخَذَهُ ".

Hadith.4064 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "The best approach for a person regarding lost property (luqata) when they find it is to leave it and not touch it. If people were to leave what they find, its owner would eventually come and take it."

4065 - رَوَى سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ اَلْمِنْقَرِيُّ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ اَلنَّخَعِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنَ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ أَوْدَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ اَللُّصُوصِ دَرَاهِمَ أَوْ مَتَاعاً وَ اَللِّصُّ مُسْلِمٌ فَهَلْ يَرُدُّهُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ "لاَ يَرُدُّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنْ أَمْكَنَهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ فَعَلَ وَ إِلاَّ كَانَ فِي يَدِهِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ اَللُّقَطَةِ يُصِيبُهَا فَيُعَرِّفُهَا حَوْلاً فَإِنْ أَصَابَ صَاحِبَهَا وَ إِلاَّ تَصَدَّقَ بِهَا فَإِنْ جَاءَ صَاحِبُهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ خُيِّرَ بَيْنَ اَلْأَجْرِ وَ اَلْغُرْمِ فَإِنِ اِخْتَارَ اَلْأَجْرَ فَلَهُ اَلْأَجْرُ وَ إِنِ اِخْتَارَ اَلْغُرْمَ غَرِمَ لَهُ وَ كَانَ اَلْأَجْرُ لَهُ ".

Hadith.4065 - Sulaiman ibn Dawud al-Minqari narrated from Hafs ibn Ghiyath al-Nakha'i, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a Muslim man who was entrusted with dirhams or goods by a thief, and the thief is also a Muslim. Should he return them to him? Imam (as) said: "He should not return them to him. If he is able to return them to their rightful owner, he should do so. Otherwise, he should treat them as lost property (luqata), announcing them for one year. If the rightful owner is found, he should return them to him. Otherwise, he should give them in charity. If the owner later comes forward, he should be given the choice between accepting the reward for the charity or demanding repayment. If he chooses the reward, it is his. If he chooses repayment, the person must compensate him, and the reward for the charity remains with the one who gave it."

4066 - قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلْهَدِيَّةُ فِي اَلتَّوْرَاةِ غَافِرٌ عَيْناً ".

Hadith.4066 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "A gift in the Torah is described as something that blinds the eyes."

4067 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "تَهَادَوْا تَحَابُّوا".

Hadith.4067 - Imam (as) said: "Exchange gifts (with one another), and you will love one another."

4068 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلْهَدِيَّةُ تَسُلُّ اَلسَّخَائِمَ".

Hadith.4068 - Imam (as) said: "A gift removes grudges (resentments)."

4069 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "نِعْمَ اَلشَّيْءُ اَلْهَدِيَّةُ أَمَامَ اَلْحَاجَةِ".

Hadith.4069 - Imam (as) said: "How excellent is a gift given before making a request."

4070 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "لَوْ دُعِيتُ إِلَى كُرَاعٍ لَأَجَبْتُ وَ لَوْ أُهْدِيَ إِلَيَّ كُرَاعٌ لَقَبِلْتُ".

Hadith.4070 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "If I were invited to a meal consisting of a trotter, I would accept, and if I were gifted a trotter, I would accept it."

4071 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "عَجِّلُوا رَدَّ ظُرُوفِ اَلْهَدَايَا فَإِنَّهُ أَسْرَعُ لِتَوَاتُرِهَا".

Hadith.4071 - Imam (as) said: "Hasten to return the gift containers, for it encourages the continuous giving of gifts."

4072 - وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لاَ يَرُدُّ اَلطِّيبَ وَ اَلْحَلْوَاءَ.

Hadith.4072 - Imam (as) would not refuse perfume or sweets.

4073 - وَ أُتِيَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِهَدِيَّةِ اَلنَّيْرُوزِ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "مَا هَذَا" قَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ اَلْيَوْمُ اَلنَّيْرُوزُ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "اِصْنَعُوا لَنَا كُلَّ يَوْمٍ نَيْرُوزاً".

Hadith.4073 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) was presented with a gift on the day of Nayrouz. Imam (as) asked: "What is this?" They replied: "O Commander of the Faithful, today is Nayrouz." Imam (as) said: "Make every day for us a Nayrouz."

4074 - وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "نَيْرُوزُنَا كُلُّ يَوْمٍ".

Hadith.4074 - It is narrated that Imam (as) said: "Our Nayrouz is every day."

4075 - وَ رَوَى ثُوَيْرُ بْنُ أَبِي فَاخِتَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "أَهْدَى كِسْرَى لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُ وَ أَهْدَى قَيْصَرُ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُ وَ أَهْدَتْ لَهُ اَلْمُلُوكُ فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُمْ".

Hadith.4075 - Thuwair ibn Abi Fakhitah narrated from his father, from Imam Ali (as), who said: "Kisra sent a gift to the Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family), and He (sw) accepted it. Caesar also sent a gift to the Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family), and He (sw) accepted it. Likewise, the kings sent gifts to Him (sw), and He (sw) accepted them."

4076 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "عُدْ مَنْ لاَ يَعُودُكَ وَ أَهْدِ إِلَى مَنْ لاَ يُهْدِي إِلَيْكَ".

Hadith.4076 - Imam (as) said: "Visit those who do not visit you, and give gifts to those who do not give gifts to you."

4077 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلْهَدِيَّةُ ثَلاَثٌ هَدِيَّةُ مُكَافَأَةٍ وَ هَدِيَّةُ مُصَانَعَةٍ وَ هَدِيَّةٌ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ".

Hadith.4077 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Gifts are of three types: a gift given in reciprocation, a gift given to seek favor, and a gift given for the sake of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious."

4078 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ اَلْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ اَلضَّيْعَةُ اَلْكَبِيرَةُ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ اَلْمِهْرَجَانِ وَ اَلنَّيْرُوزِ أَهْدَوْا إِلَيْهِ اَلشَّيْءَ لَيْسَ هُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ يَتَقَرَّبُونَ بِذَلِكَ اَلشَّيْءِ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ "أَ لَيْسَ هُمْ مُصَلِّينَ " قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ "فَلْيَقْبَلْ هَدِيَّتَهُمْ وَ لْيُكَافِهِمْ".

Hadith.4078 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ibrahim al-Karkhi, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who owns a large estate, and when the festivals of Mehregan and Nayrouz arrive, people gift him items, not as an obligation, but to seek closeness to him. Imam (as) said: "Are they not Muslims?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "Then let him accept their gifts and reciprocate them."

4079 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِذَا أُهْدِيَ إِلَى اَلرَّجُلِ اَلْهَدِيَّةُ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ عِنْدَهُ قَوْمٌ فَهُمْ شُرَكَاءُ فِيهَا يَعْنِي اَلْفَاكِهَةَ وَ غَيْرَهَا".

Hadith.4079 - Imam (as) said: "If a man is given a gift of food and he has guests with him, then they share in it, this includes fruits and other items."

4080 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَهْدَى إِلَى رَجُلٍ هَدِيَّةً وَ هُوَ يَرْجُو ثَوَابَهَا فَلَمْ يُثِبْهُ صَاحِبُهَا حَتَّى هَلَكَ وَ أَصَابَ اَلرَّجُلُ هَدِيَّتَهُ بِعَيْنِهَا أَ لَهُ أَنْ يُرَاجِعَهَا إِنْ قَدِرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ".

Hadith.4080 - It is narrated from Isa ibn Ayan, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who gave a gift to another man, hoping for a return, but the recipient did not reciprocate until he passed away. The giver then found his gift in its original form. I asked: "Is it permissible for him to take it back if he is able to?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in taking it."

4081 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلْفَقِيرُ يُهْدِي إِلَيَّ اَلْهَدِيَّةَ يَتَعَرَّضُ لِمَا عِنْدِي فَآخُذُهَا وَ لاَ أُعْطِيهِ شَيْئاً أَ يَحِلُّ لِي قَالَ "نَعَمْ هِيَ لَكَ حَلاَلٌ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ تَدَعْ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ".

Hadith.4081 - It is narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: I asked Imam (as) about a poor man who gives me a gift, hoping to receive something from me in return. Is it permissible for me to accept it without giving him anything? Imam (as) said: "Yes, it is permissible for you, and it is lawful for you. However, do not neglect giving him something."

4082 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ كَتَبَ بِهَا إِلَيَّ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْقُمِّيُّ اَلْأَشْعَرِيُّ فَقَالَ لَنَا ضِيَاعٌ فِيهَا بُيُوتُ نِيرَانٍ تُهْدِي إِلَيْهَا اَلْمَجُوسُ اَلْبَقَرَ وَ اَلْغَنَمَ وَ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ فَهَلْ يَحِلُّ لِأَرْبَابِ اَلْقُرَى أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا ذَلِكَ وَ لِبُيُوتِ نِيرَانِهِمْ قُوَّامٌ يَقُومُونَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لِيَأْخُذْ أَصْحَابُ اَلْقُرَى مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.4082 - Muhammad ibn Isma'il ibn Bazi' narrated from Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as): I asked him about a question that Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Qummi al-Ash'ari had written to me. He said: "We have lands where there are fire temples, and the Magians (Majus) offer cattle, sheep, and dirhams as gifts to these temples. Is it permissible for the landowners to take these offerings, knowing that the fire temples have caretakers who oversee them?" Abu al-Hasan (as) said: "The landowners may take them, and there is no harm in it."

4083 - رُوِيَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَوْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "اَلْعَارِيَّةُ لَيْسَ عَلَى مُسْتَعِيرِهَا ضَمَانٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُشْتَرَطَ إِلاَّ مَا كَانَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ أَوْ فِضَّةٍ فَإِنَّهُمَا مَضْمُونَتَانِ اُشْتُرِطَا أَوْ لَمْ يُشْتَرَطَا " وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِذَا اُسْتُعِيرَتْ عَارِيَّةٌ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ صَاحِبِهَا فَهَلَكَتْ فَالْمُسْتَعِيرُ ضَامِنٌ ".

Hadith.4083 - It is narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, from Abu Abdullah (as) or (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)), who said: "A borrowed item (ariyyah) is not guaranteed by the borrower unless it is stipulated, except in the case of gold or silver, as these are guaranteed whether stipulated or not." Imam (as) also said: "If an item is borrowed without the owner's permission and it perishes, the borrower is liable for it."

4084 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْعَارِيَّةِ يَسْتَعِيرُهَا اَلْإِنْسَانُ فَتَهْلِكُ أَوْ تُسْرَقُ فَقَالَ "إِذَا كَانَ أَمِيناً فَلاَ غُرْمَ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.4084 - Aban narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: I asked him about a borrowed item (ariyyah) that a person borrows, and it either perishes or is stolen. Imam (as) said: "If he is trustworthy, then there is no liability upon him."

4085 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِسْتَعَارَ ثَوْباً ثُمَّ عَمَدَ إِلَيْهِ فَرَهَنَهُ فَجَاءَ أَهْلُ اَلْمَتَاعِ إِلَى مَتَاعِهِمْ فَقَالَ "يَأْخُذُونَ مَتَاعَهُمْ".

Hadith.4085 - Aban narrated from Hariz, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who borrowed a garment and then intentionally used it as collateral for a loan. Imam (as) said: "The owners of the item have the right to reclaim their property."

4086 - وَ اِسْتَعَارَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مِنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ اَلْجُمَحِيِّ سَبْعِينَ دِرْعاً حُطَمِيَّةً وَ ذَلِكَ قَبْلَ إِسْلاَمِهِ فَقَالَ أَ غَصْبٌ أَمْ عَارِيَّةٌ يَا أَبَا اَلْقَاسِمِ فَقَالَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "لاَ بَلْ عَارِيَّةٌ مُؤَدَّاةٌ" فَجَرَتِ اَلسُّنَّةُ فِي اَلْعَارِيَّةِ إِذَا اُشْتُرِطَ فِيهَا أَنْ تَكُونَ مُؤَدَّاةً وَ كَانَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ بَعْدَ إِسْلاَمِهِ نَائِماً فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَسُرِقَ رِدَاؤُهُ فَتَبِعَ اَللِّصَّ وَ أَخَذَ مِنْهُ اَلرِّدَاءَ وَ جَاءَ بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ أَقَامَ بِذَلِكَ شَاهِدَيْنِ عَدْلَيْنِ عَلَيْهِ فَأَمَرَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِقَطْعِ يَمِينِهِ فَقَالَ صَفْوَانُ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ أَ تَقْطَعُهُ مِنْ أَجْلِ رِدَائِي قَدْ وَهَبْتُهُ لَهُ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَلاَّ كَانَ هَذَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَرْفَعَهُ إِلَيَّ" فَقَطَعَهُ فَجَرَتِ اَلسُّنَّةُ فِي اَلْحَدِّ إِذَا رُفِعَ إِلَى اَلْإِمَامِ وَ قَامَتْ عَلَيْهِ اَلْبَيِّنَةُ أَنْ لاَ يُعَطَّلَ وَ يُقَامَ.

Hadith.4086 - The Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) borrowed seventy coats of mail made of iron from Safwan ibn Umayyah al-Jumahi before he embraced Islam. Safwan asked: "O Abu al-Qasim, is this a seizure or a loan?" The Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) replied: "No, it is a loan to be returned." Thus, it became a precedent that a loan (ariyyah) must be returned if stipulated. After Safwan embraced Islam, he was once sleeping in the mosque when his cloak was stolen. Safwan pursued the thief, retrieved the cloak, and brought him to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family). He also presented two just witnesses against the thief. The Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) ordered that the thief's right hand be cut off. Safwan said: "O Messenger of Allah (swt), will you cut off his hand because of my cloak? I have already gifted it to him." The Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "Why did you not say this before bringing the matter to me?" The sentence was then carried out, establishing the precedent that if a case reaches the Imam and evidence is presented, the prescribed punishment (hadd) cannot be waived.

4087 - رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "صَاحِبُ اَلْوَدِيعَةِ وَ اَلْبِضَاعَةِ مُؤْتَمَنَانِ".

Hadith.4087 - Hammad narrated from al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "The trustee of a deposit (wadi'ah) and the trustee of merchandise (bida'ah) are both considered trustworthy."

4088 - وَ قَالَ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِسْتَأْجَرَ أَجِيراً فَأَقْعَدَهُ عَلَى مَتَاعِهِ فَسُرِقَ قَالَ "هُوَ مُؤْتَمَنٌ".

Hadith.4088 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who hired a laborer and entrusted him to guard his goods, but the goods were stolen. Imam (as) said: "He is considered trustworthy."

4089 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ قَالَ : كَتَبَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى اَلْفَقِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي رَجُلٍ دَفَعَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ وَدِيعَةً وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَضَعَهَا فِي مَنْزِلِهِ أَوْ لَمْ يَأْمُرْهُ فَوَضَعَهَا اَلرَّجُلُ فِي مَنْزِلِ جَارِهِ فَضَاعَتْ هَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا خَالَفَ أَمْرَهُ أَوْ أَخْرَجَهَا مِنْ مِلْكِهِ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "هُوَ ضَامِنٌ لَهَا إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى".

Hadith.4089 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub, who said: A man wrote to the 'Jurist' (Imam Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari (as)) regarding a case where someone entrusted another person with a deposit (wadi'ah) and instructed him to keep it in his own house, or gave no specific instruction. However, the man placed it in his neighbor's house, and it was lost. Does he bear responsibility if he disobeyed the instruction or moved it out of his possession? The 'Jurist' (Imam Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari (as)) replied: "He is liable for it, if Allah (swt) wills."

4090 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ اَلْخَثْعَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ اَلْمَالُ وَدِيعَةً يَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ صَاحِبِهِ قَالَ "لاَ يَأْخُذْ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ وَفَاءٌ " وَ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ وَجَدَ مَنْ يَضْمَنُهُ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَفَاءٌ وَ أَشْهَدَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ اَلَّذِي يَضْمَنُهُ يَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ".

Hadith.4090 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Habib al-Khath'ami, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who has wealth in his possession as a deposit (wadi'ah). Can he take from it without the owner's permission? Imam (as) said: "He should not take from it unless he has the means to repay it." I then asked: "What if he finds someone who guarantees it for him, but he himself does not have the means to repay, and he has the guarantor testify on his behalf, can he take from it?" Imam (as) said: "Yes."

4091 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ أَبِي سَيَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ اِسْتَوْدَعْتُ رَجُلاً مَالاً فَجَحَدَنِيهِ وَ حَلَفَ لِي عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ جَاءَنِي بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِسَنَتَيْنِ بِالْمَالِ اَلَّذِي أَوْدَعْتُهُ إِيَّاهُ فَقَالَ هَذَا مَالُكَ فَخُذْهُ وَ هَذِهِ أَرْبَعَةُ آلاَفِ دِرْهَمٍ رَبِحْتُهَا فَهِيَ لَكَ مَعَ مَالِكَ وَ اِجْعَلْنِي فِي حِلٍّ فَأَخَذْتُ مِنْهُ اَلْمَالَ وَ أَبَيْتُ أَنْ آخُذَ اَلرِّبْحَ مِنْهُ وَ وَقَفْتُ اَلْمَالَ اَلَّذِي كُنْتُ اِسْتَوْدَعْتُهُ وَ أَبَيْتُ أَخْذَهُ حَتَّى أَسْتَطْلِعَ رَأْيَكَ فَمَا تَرَى فَقَالَ "خُذْ نِصْفَ اَلرِّبْحِ وَ أَعْطِهِ اَلنِّصْفَ وَ حَلِّلْهُ فَإِنَّ هَذَا رَجُلٌ تَائِبٌ وَ اَللَّهُ "يُحِبُّ اَلتَّوّٰابِينَ" ".

Hadith.4091 - It is narrated from Misma' Abu Sayyar, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "I had entrusted a man with some wealth, but he denied it and swore an oath against it. After two years, he returned to me with the wealth I had entrusted him and said, This is your wealth, take it. And here are four thousand dirhams I earned as profit, it is also yours. Please forgive me.' I took back my wealth but refused to take the profit. I held off from taking the entrusted wealth as well until I could consult your opinion. What do you advise?" Imam (as) said: "Take half of the profit and give him the other half. Then forgive him, for this man has repented, and Allah (swt) 'loves those who repent'."

4092 - وَ سَأَلَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِسْتَوْدَعَ رَجُلاً أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَضَاعَتْ فَقَالَ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ قَرْضاً وَ قَالَ اَلْآخَرُ إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ وَدِيعَةً فَقَالَ "اَلْمَالُ لاَزِمٌ لَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُقِيمَ اَلْبَيِّنَةَ إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ وَدِيعَةً".

Hadith.4092 - Ishaq ibn Ammar asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who entrusted another man with one thousand dirhams, but the money was lost. The trustee claimed that the amount was a loan, while the depositor insisted it was a deposit (wadi'ah). Imam (as) said: "The money is binding upon him (the trustee) unless he provides evidence that it was a deposit."

4093 - وَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي اِئْتَمَنْتُ رَجُلاً عَلَى مَالٍ أَوْدَعْتُهُ إِيَّاهُ عِنْدَهُ فَخَانَنِي فِيهِ وَ أَنْكَرَ مَالِي فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لَمْ يَخُنْكَ اَلْأَمِينُ وَ لَكِنَّكَ اِئْتَمَنْتَ اَلْخَائِنَ".

Hadith.4093 - A man said to Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "I entrusted a man with wealth, or I deposited it with him, but he betrayed me and denied having my wealth." Imam (as) said: "The trustworthy one did not betray you, but rather, you entrusted a traitor."

4094 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ رَهَنَ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ رَهْناً فَضَاعَ اَلرَّهْنُ قَالَ "هُوَ مِنْ مَالِ اَلرَّاهِنِ وَ يَرْتَجِعُ اَلْمُرْتَهَنُ عَلَيْهِ بِمَالِهِ".

Hadith.4094 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Jamil ibn Darraj, who said that Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who gave collateral (rahn) to another man, but the collateral was lost. Imam (as) said: "It is the responsibility of the pledger (rahin), and the pledgee (murtahin) has the right to claim his money from him."

4095 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "اَلظَّهْرُ يُرْكَبُ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُوناً وَ عَلَى اَلَّذِي يَرْكَبُهُ نَفَقَتُهُ وَ اَلدَّرُّ يُشْرَبُ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُوناً وَ عَلَى اَلَّذِي يَشْرَبُ اَلدَّرَّ نَفَقَتُهُ ".

Hadith.4095 - In a narration from Ismail ibn Muslim, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), from his forefathers (peace be upon them), from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), who said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "The back (of a riding animal) may be ridden if it is given as collateral (rahn), and the one who rides it is responsible for its expenses. And the milk may be drunk if it is given as collateral, and the one who drinks the milk is responsible for its expenses."

4096 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَرْتَهِنُ اَلْعَبْدَ فَيُصِيبُهُ عَوَرٌ أَوْ يَنْقُصُ مِنْ جَسَدِهِ شَيْءٌ عَلَى مَنْ يَكُونُ نُقْصَانُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "عَلَى مَوْلاَهُ" قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ اَلنَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ إِنْ رَهَنْتَ اَلْعَبْدَ فَمَرِضَ أَوِ اِنْفَقَأَتْ عَيْنُهُ فَأَصَابَهُ نُقْصَانٌ فِي جَسَدِهِ يَنْقُصُ مِنْ مَالِ اَلرَّجُلِ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَنْقُصُ مِنَ اَلْعَبْدِ قَالَ "أَ رَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنَّ اَلْعَبْدَ قَتَلَ عَلَى مَنْ تَكُونُ جِنَايَتُهُ" قَالَ "جِنَايَتُهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ".

Hadith.4096 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: I asked Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) about a man who takes a slave as collateral (rahn), and the slave suffers an injury, such as losing an eye or any reduction in his physical condition. Who bears the loss for such a deficiency? Imam (as) replied: "It is upon his master." I said: "The people say that if you give a slave as collateral and he falls ill, loses an eye, or suffers a physical defect, the man's wealth should decrease in proportion to the loss in the slave." Imam (as) said: "What do you think, if the slave committed murder, who would bear the liability for his crime?" I replied: "His liability would remain upon him."

4097 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ مَتَاعٍ فِي يَدَيْ رَجُلَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا يَقُولُ اِسْتَوْدَعْتُكَاهُ وَ اَلْآخَرُ يَقُولُ هُوَ رَهْنٌ فَقَالَ "اَلْقَوْلُ قَوْلُ اَلَّذِي يَقُولُ هُوَ رَهْنٌ عِنْدِي إِلاَّ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ اَلَّذِي اِدَّعَى أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَوْدَعَهُ بِشُهُودٍ".

Hadith.4097 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from 'Abbad ibn Suhayb, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about an item held by two men, one of them claims, "I entrusted it to you as a deposit (wadi'ah)," while the other says, "It is collateral (rahn) with me." Imam (as) said: "The statement of the one who claims it is collateral (rahn) is accepted unless the one who claims it was entrusted (wadi'ah) presents witnesses."

4098 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَأْخُذُ اَلدَّابَّةَ وَ اَلْبَعِيرَ رَهْناً بِمَالِهِ هَلْ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْكَبَهُمَا فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ يَعْلِفُهُمَا فَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْكَبَهُمَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ اَلَّذِي أَرْهَنَهُمَا عِنْدَهُ يَعْلِفُهُمَا فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْكَبَهُمَا".

Hadith.4098 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Walad, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who takes a riding animal or a camel as collateral (rahn) for his money, does he have the right to ride them? Imam (as) said: "If he is the one feeding them, then he has the right to ride them. But if the one who pledged them as collateral is the one feeding them, then he does not have the right to ride them."

4099 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ اَلْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ رَهَنَ بِمَالِهِ أَرْضاً أَوْ دَاراً لَهُمَا غَلَّةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فَقَالَ "عَلَى اَلَّذِي اِرْتَهَنَ اَلْأَرْضَ وَ اَلدَّارَ بِمَالِهِ أَنْ يَحْسُبَ لِصَاحِبِ اَلْأَرْضِ وَ اَلدَّارِ مَا أَخَذَ مِنَ اَلْغَلَّةِ وَ يَطْرَحَهُ عَنْهُ مِنَ اَلدَّيْنِ لَهُ".

Hadith.4099 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ibrahim al-Karkhi, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who took a piece of land or a house as collateral (rahn) for his money, and both the land and the house produced abundant yield. Imam (as) said: "It is upon the one who took the land and the house as collateral for his money to calculate what he has taken from the yield and deduct it from the debt owed to him."

4100 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ اَلْأَرْمَنِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَفْلَسَ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ لِقَوْمٍ وَ عِنْدَ بَعْضِهِمْ رُهُونٌ وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَ بَعْضِهِمْ فَمَاتَ وَ لاَ يُحِيطُ مَالُهُ بِمَا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اَلدَّيْنِ قَالَ "يُقْسَمُ جَمِيعُ مَا خَلَّفَ مِنَ اَلرُّهُونِ وَ غَيْرِهَا عَلَى أَرْبَابِ اَلدَّيْنِ بِالْحِصَصِ".

Hadith.4100 - Muhammad ibn Hassan narrated from Abi Imran al-Armani, from Abdullah ibn al-Hakam, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who became bankrupt and owed debts to some people, some of whom held collateral (ruhun) while others did not. The man then died, and his remaining wealth was insufficient to cover his debts. Imam (as) said: "All that he left behind, including the collateral and other possessions, shall be divided among the creditors in proportion to their shares of the debt."

4101 - قَالَ : وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ رَهَنَ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ رَهْناً عَلَى أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ اَلرَّهْنُ يُسَاوِي أَلْفَيْنِ فَضَاعَ قَالَ "يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ بِفَضْلِ مَا رَهَنَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَنْقَصَ مِمَّا رَهَنَهُ عَلَيْهِ رَجَعَ عَلَى اَلرَّاهِنِ بِالْفَضْلِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ اَلرَّهْنُ يَسْوَي مَا رَهَنَهُ عَلَيْهِ فَالرَّهْنُ بِمَا فِيهِ".

Hadith.4101 - He (narrator) said: I asked him about a man who deposited collateral (rahn) with another man against a debt of one thousand dirhams, while the value of the collateral was two thousand dirhams, but the collateral was lost. Imam (as) said: "The creditor shall reclaim from the debtor the surplus value of what was pledged. If the value of the collateral was less than the debt, the creditor shall reclaim the remaining balance from the debtor. However, if the value of the collateral equaled the debt, then the collateral suffices as payment for the debt."

4102 - مَا رَوَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "فِي اَلرَّهْنِ إِذَا ضَاعَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اَلْمُرْتَهِنِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَسْتَهْلِكَهُ رَجَعَ بِحَقِّهِ عَلَى اَلرَّاهِنِ فَأَخَذَهُ وَ إِنِ اِسْتَهْلَكَهُ تَرَادَّا اَلْفَضْلَ بَيْنَهُمَا".

Hadith.4102 - Ali ibn al-Hakam narrated from Aban ibn Uthman, from Abu Abdullah (as): "Regarding a pledge (rahn), if it is lost while in the possession of the creditor (murtahin) without being consumed by him, he may reclaim his right from the pledger (rahin) and take it. However, if the creditor consumed it, then they should settle the surplus value between them."

4103 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنْ رَهَنَ رَجُلٌ أَرْضاً فِيهَا ثَمَرَةٌ فَإِنَّ ثَمَرَتَهَا مِنْ حِسَابِ مَالِهِ وَ لَهُ حِسَابُ مَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا وَ أَنْفَقَ فِيهَا فَإِذَا اِسْتَوْفَى مَالَهُ فَلْيَدْفَعِ اَلْأَرْضَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهَا".

Hadith.4103 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "If a man pledges (rahn) a piece of land that contains fruit, then its produce shall be accounted as part of his payment. He is also entitled to calculate what he worked on and spent on it. Once his debt is settled, he must return the land to its owner."

4104 - وَ رَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَهْنٍ اِخْتَلَفَ فِيهِ اَلرَّاهِنُ وَ اَلْمُرْتَهِنُ فَقَالَ "اَلرَّاهِنُ هُوَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا" وَ قَالَ "اَلْمُرْتَهِنُ هُوَ بِأَكْثَرَ إِنَّهُ يُصَدَّقُ اَلْمُرْتَهِنُ حَتَّى يُحِيطَ بِالثَّمَنِ لِأَنَّهُ أَمِينٌ".

Hadith.4104 - Isma'il ibn Muslim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) (peace be upon them), who said that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) stated: "In a case of dispute over a pledged item (rahn) between the pledger (rahin) and the pledgee (murtahin), where the pledger claims its value is such-and-such, and the pledgee claims it is of a higher value, the pledgee shall be believed until the value covers the debt because he is considered trustworthy."

4105 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ اَلرَّهْنُ فَلاَ يَدْرِي لِمَنْ هُوَ مِنَ اَلنَّاسِ فَقَالَ "مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ صَاحِبُهُ" قُلْتُ لاَ يَدْرِي لِمَنْ هُوَ مِنَ اَلنَّاسِ فَقَالَ "فِيهِ فَضْلٌ أَوْ نُقْصَانٌ" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِيهِ فَضْلٌ أَوْ نُقْصَانٌ مَا يَصْنَعُ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ فِيهِ نُقْصَانٌ فَهُوَ أَهْوَنُ يَبِيعُهُ فَيُؤْجَرُ بِمَا بَقِيَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِيهِ فَضْلٌ فَهُوَ أَشَدُّهُمَا عَلَيْهِ يَبِيعُهُ وَ يُمْسِكُ فَضْلَهُ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ صَاحِبُهُ".

Hadith.4105 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: "I asked Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) about a man who has a pledged item (rahn) in his possession but does not know to whom it belongs. Imam (as) said: 'I do not recommend that he sell it until its owner comes.' I said: 'He does not know to whom it belongs.' Imam (as) replied: 'Does it have any excess value or deficiency?' I said: 'What if it has excess or deficiency, what should he do?' Imam (as) said: 'If it has a deficiency, it is easier; he may sell it and be rewarded for what remains. However, if it has excess value, that is more difficult; he should sell it and hold the surplus until its owner comes.' "

4106 - مَا رَوَاهُ اَلْقَاسِمُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ رَهَنَ رَهْناً إِلَى وَقْتٍ ثُمَّ غَابَ هَلْ لَهُ وَقْتٌ يُبَاعُ فِيهِ رَهْنُهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ".

Hadith.4106 - Al-Qasim ibn Sulaiman narrated from Ubayd ibn Zurara, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who pledged a security (rahn) for a specified time and then disappeared, should there be a time set to sell his pledge?" Imam (as) replied: "No, it should not be sold until he returns."

4107 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ رَهَنَ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ سِوَارَيْنِ فَهَلَكَ أَحَدُهُمَا قَالَ "يَرْجِعُ بِحَقِّهِ فِيمَا بَقِيَ".

Hadith.4107 - Aban narrated from Ubayd ibn Zurara, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who pledged two bracelets (siwarayn) as security with another man, and one of them was destroyed." Imam (as) replied: "He may reclaim his right from what remains."

4108 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ رَهَنَ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ دَاراً فَاحْتَرَقَتْ أَوِ اِنْهَدَمَتْ قَالَ "يَكُونُ مَالُهُ فِي تُرْبَةِ اَلْأَرْضِ".

Hadith.4108 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who pledged a house as security with another man, and the house either burned down or collapsed: "His wealth remains in the soil of the land."

4109 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ رَهَنَ عِنْدَهُ رَجُلٌ مَمْلُوكاً فَجُذِمَ أَوْ رَهَنَ عِنْدَهُ مَتَاعاً فَلَمْ يَنْشُرْ ذَلِكَ اَلْمَتَاعَ وَ لَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْهُ وَ لَمْ يُحَرِّكْهُ فَأُكِلَ يَعْنِي أَكَلَهُ اَلسُّوسُ هَلْ يَنْقُصُ مِنْ مَالِهِ بِقَدْرِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ".

Hadith.4109 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who had pledged a slave as security, and the slave developed leprosy, or about a man who pledged goods as security but did not inspect, maintain, or move those goods, and they were consumed by worms. Imam (as) said: "No, it does not diminish from his wealth by that amount."

4110 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَرْهَنُ عِنْدَ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلرَّهْنَ فَيُصِيبُهُ تَوًى أَوْ ضَاعَ قَالَ "يَرْجِعُ بِمَالِهِ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.4110 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who pledged a security with another man, and the security was destroyed or lost. Imam (as) said: "He may reclaim his money from him."

4111 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ حَفْصٍ اَلْمَرْوَزِيِّ قَالَ : كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ لَمْ يُخَلِّفْ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ رَهْناً فِي يَدِ بَعْضِهِمْ وَ لاَ يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنُهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ مَالِ اَلْمُرْتَهِنِ أَ يَأْخُذُهُ بِمَالِهِ أَوْ هُوَ وَ سَائِرُ اَلدُّيَّانِ فِيهِ شُرَكَاءُ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "جَمِيعُ اَلدُّيَّانِ فِي ذَلِكَ سَوَاءٌ يُوَزِّعُونَهُ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْحِصَصِ " قَالَ وَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ لَهُ وَرَثَةٌ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَادَّعَى عَلَيْهِ مَالاً وَ أَنَّ عِنْدَهُ رَهْناً فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى اَلْمَيِّتِ مَالٌ وَ لاَ بَيِّنَةَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ فَلْيَأْخُذْ مَالَهُ مِمَّا فِي يَدِهِ وَ لْيَرُدَّ اَلْبَاقِيَ عَلَى وَرَثَتِهِ وَ مَتَى أَقَرَّ بِمَا عِنْدَهُ أُخِذَ بِهِ وَ طُولِبَ بِالْبَيِّنَةِ عَلَى دَعْوَاهُ وَ أَوْفَى حَقَّهُ بَعْدَ اَلْيَمِينِ وَ مَتَى لَمْ يُقِمِ اَلْبَيِّنَةَ وَ اَلْوَرَثَةُ مُنْكِرُونَ فَلَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ يَمِينُ عِلْمٍ يَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ مَا يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ لَهُ عَلَى مَيِّتِهِمْ حَقّاً".

Hadith.4111 - Muhammad bin Isa bin Ubaid narrated from Sulaiman bin Hafs Al-Marwazi, who said: I wrote to Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who died and had a debt, leaving nothing except a pledged item in the possession of someone. The value of the pledge did not exceed the creditor's due amount. I asked whether the creditor could take it for his claim or if all creditors shared in it. Imam (as) wrote: "All creditors are equal in this matter and must distribute it among themselves in proportion to their claims." He further said: I wrote to Imam (as) about a man who died, leaving heirs. Then someone came forward, claiming a debt against him and that he held a pledge for it. Imam (as) wrote: "If he has a claim against the deceased but has no evidence for it, he may take his due from what is in his possession and return the remainder to the heirs. However, if he admits to what he possesses, he is bound by it and must provide evidence for his claim. He must fulfill his right after swearing an oath. If he cannot provide evidence and the heirs deny the claim, then the heirs must take an oath of knowledge, swearing by Allah (swt) that they have no knowledge of any right owed to him by their deceased."

4112 - وَ رَوَى فَضَالَةُ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ اَلرَّهْنُ بِمَا فِيهِ إِنْ كَانَ حَيَوَاناً أَوْ دَابَّةً أَوْ فِضَّةً أَوْ مَتَاعاً فَأَصَابَهُ حَرِيقٌ أَوْ لُصُوصٌ فَهَلَكَ مَالُهُ أَوْ نَقَصَ مَتَاعُهُ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَى مُصِيبَتِهِ بَيِّنَةٌ قَالَ "إِذَا ذَهَبَ مَتَاعُهُ كُلُّهُ فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ شَيْءٌ فَلاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ" قَالَ "وَ إِنْ قَالَ ذَهَبَ مِنْ بَيْنِ مَالِي وَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَلاَ يُصَدَّقُ".

Hadith.4112 - Fadalah narrated from Aban, who narrated from a man, that Abu Abdillah (as) was asked: "How does the collateral (rahn) remain valid in cases where it is an animal, a mount, silver, or goods, and it gets destroyed due to fire or theft, causing the owner's loss or a decrease in its value, and there is no evidence to support the claim of loss?" Imam (as) said: "If all of his goods are completely destroyed and nothing remains, then there is nothing (no liability) upon him." Imam (as) further said: "However, if he claims that the loss occurred from among his possessions while he still possesses other property, he will not be believed."

4113 - وَ رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ اَلْبَزَنْطِيُّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ اَلْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْعَبَّاسِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ رَهَنَ عِنْدَهُ آخَرُ عَبْدَيْنِ فَهَلَكَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَ يَكُونُ حَقُّهُ فِي اَلْآخَرِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ" قُلْتُ أَوْ دَاراً فَاحْتَرَقَتْ أَ يَكُونُ حَقُّهُ فِي اَلتُّرْبَةِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ" قُلْتُ أَوْ دَابَّتَيْنِ فَهَلَكَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا أَ يَكُونُ حَقُّهُ فِي اَلْأُخْرَى قَالَ "نَعَمْ" قُلْتُ أَوْ مَتَاعاً فَهَلَكَ مِنْ طُولِ مَا تَرَكَهُ أَوْ طَعَاماً فَفَسَدَ أَوْ غُلاَماً فَأَصَابَهُ جُدَرِيٌّ فَعَمِيَ أَوْ ثِيَاباً تَرَكَهَا مَطْوِيَّةً لَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْهَا وَ لَمْ يَنْشُرْهَا حَتَّى هَلَكَتْ قَالَ "هَذَا نَحْوُ وَاحِدٍ يَكُونُ حَقُّهُ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.4113 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanti narrated from Dawud ibn al-Husayn, who narrated from Abu al-Abbas al-Fadl ibn Abd al-Malik, who narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who took two slaves as collateral (rahn) from another man, and one of them perished. Does his right apply to the other slave? Imam (as) said: "Yes." I asked: What if it was a house that burned down? Does his right remain in the land? Imam (as) said: "Yes." I asked: What if it was two animals and one of them perished? Does his right apply to the other? Imam (as) said: "Yes." I asked: What if it was merchandise that was destroyed because it was left for a long time, or food that spoiled, or a servant who became blind due to smallpox, or clothes that were left folded without being aired out until they were ruined? Imam (as) said: "All of this is the same case. His right remains applicable to the remaining property."

4114 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَرْهَنُ اَلرَّهْنَ بِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ هُوَ يُسَاوِي ثَلاَثَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَيُهْلِكُهُ أَ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ "نَعَمْ لِأَنَّهُ أَخَذَ رَهْناً فِيهِ فَضْلٌ وَ ضَيَّعَهُ" قُلْتُ فَهَلَكَ نِصْفُ اَلرَّهْنِ قَالَ "عَلَى حِسَابِ ذَلِكَ" قُلْتُ فَيَتَرَادَّانِ اَلْفَضْلَ قَالَ "نَعَمْ".

Hadith.4114 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: I asked Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) about a man who takes an item as collateral (rahn) for one hundred dirhams, while its value is three hundred dirhams, and it gets destroyed. Is the man required to return two hundred dirhams to its owner? Imam (as) said: "Yes, because he took collateral that had surplus value and then caused its loss." I asked: What if half of the collateral is destroyed? Imam (as) said: "It will be accounted for accordingly." I asked: Should they return the surplus value between them? Imam (as) said: "Yes."

4115 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي اَلرَّهْنِ إِذَا كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ مَالِ اَلْمُرْتَهِنِ فَهَلَكَ أَنْ يُؤَدَّى اَلْفَضْلُ إِلَى صَاحِبِ اَلرَّهْنِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ اَلرَّهْنُ أَقَلَّ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَهَلَكَ اَلرَّهْنُ أَدَّى إِلَيْهِ صَاحِبُهُ فَضْلَ مَالِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ اَلرَّهْنُ يَسْوَى مَا رَهَنَهُ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ ".

Hadith.4115 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding collateral (rahn) that if its value is greater than the debt owed to the creditor and it is destroyed, the excess value must be returned to the owner of the collateral. And if the collateral is worth less than the debt and is destroyed, the debtor must pay the remaining amount owed to the creditor. But if the value of the collateral equals the debt, then there is no further obligation on either party."

4116 - وَ رَوَى فَضَالَةُ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا اِخْتَلَفَا فِي اَلرَّهْنِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا رَهَنْتَهُ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ قَالَ اَلْآخَرُ رَهَنْتُهُ بِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَإِنَّهُ يُسْأَلُ صَاحِبُ اَلْأَلْفِ اَلْبَيِّنَةَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ بَيِّنَةٌ حَلَفَ صَاحِبُ اَلْمِائَةِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ اَلرَّهْنُ أَقَلَّ مِمَّا رَهَنَ بِهِ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ وَ اِخْتَلَفَا فِي اَلرَّهْنِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا هُوَ رَهْنٌ وَ قَالَ اَلْآخَرُ هُوَ وَدِيعَةٌ فَإِنَّهُ يُسْأَلُ صَاحِبُ اَلْوَدِيعَةِ اَلْبَيِّنَةَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ بَيِّنَةٌ حَلَفَ صَاحِبُ اَلرَّهْنِ ".

Hadith.4116 - Fadalah narrated from Aban, from Abu Abdillah (as): "If two parties disagree about the value of collateral (rahn), with one claiming it was pledged for one thousand dirhams and the other claiming it was pledged for one hundred dirhams, the one claiming the higher value must present evidence. If he cannot provide evidence, the one claiming the lower value must take an oath." "Similarly, if the collateral is worth either less or more than the claimed amount, and they disagree about its status, whether it is collateral (rahn) or a deposit (wadi'ah), the one claiming it is a deposit must present evidence. If he cannot provide evidence, the one claiming it is collateral must take an oath."

4117 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَرْهَنُ اَلْعَبْدَ أَوِ اَلثَّوْبَ أَوِ اَلْحُلِيَّ أَوْ مَتَاعَ اَلْبَيْتِ فَيَقُولُ صَاحِبُ اَلْمَتَاعِ لِلْمُرْتَهِنِ أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ مِنْ لُبْسِ هَذَا اَلثَّوْبِ اِلْبَسِ اَلثَّوْبَ وَ اِنْتَفِعْ بِالْمَتَاعِ وَ اِسْتَخْدِمِ اَلْخَادِمَ قَالَ "هُوَ لَهُ حَلاَلٌ إِذَا أَحَلَّهُ لَهُ وَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ" قُلْتُ فَارْتَهَنَ دَاراً لَهَا غَلَّةٌ لِمَنِ اَلْغَلَّةُ قَالَ "لِصَاحِبِ اَلدَّارِ" قُلْتُ فَارْتَهَنَ أَرْضاً بَيْضَاءَ فَقَالَ لَهُ صَاحِبُ اَلْأَرْضِ اِزْرَعْهَا لِنَفْسِكَ فَقَالَ "هَذَا حَلاَلٌ لَيْسَ هَذَا مِثْلَ هَذَا يَزْرَعُهَا بِمَالِهِ فَهُوَ لَهُ حَلاَلٌ كَمَا أَحَلَّهُ لِأَنَّهُ يَزْرَعُ بِمَالِهِ وَ يَعْمُرُهَا".

Hadith.4117 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: "I asked Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) about a man who pledges a slave, garment, jewelry, or household items as collateral, and the owner of the property tells the creditor, 'You are permitted to use this garment, wear it, benefit from the property, and use the servant.' The Imam (as) replied: 'It is lawful for him if the owner permits it, but I do not like him to do so.' " I then asked: 'What if someone pledges a house that produces income, who does the income belong to?' Imam (as) replied: 'The income belongs to the owner of the house.' " I further asked: 'What if someone pledges a barren land and the owner of the land tells him to cultivate it for himself?' Imam (as) replied: 'This is lawful. It is not the same as the previous case. He cultivates it with his own money, so it is lawful for him as the owner has permitted it, because he invests his own resources and develops the land.' "

4118 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ اَلْقَلاَّءِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ هَلَكَ أَخُوهُ وَ تَرَكَ صُنْدُوقاً فِيهِ رُهُونٌ بَعْضُهَا عَلَيْهِ اِسْمُ صَاحِبِهِ وَ بِكَمْ هُوَ رُهِنَ وَ بَعْضُهَا لاَ يُدْرَى لِمَنْ هُوَ وَ لاَ بِكَمْ هُوَ رُهِنَ مَا تَرَى فِي هَذَا اَلَّذِي لاَ يُعْرَفُ صَاحِبُهُ فَقَالَ "هُوَ كَمَالِهِ".

Hadith.4118 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Muhammad ibn Rabah al-Qalla', who said: "I asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about a man whose brother passed away and left behind a box containing pledged items. Some of these items had the names of their owners and the amounts for which they were pledged, while others had no information about their owners or the amounts for which they were pledged. What is the ruling regarding the items whose owners are unknown?" Imam (as) replied: 'They are treated as part of his property.' "

4119 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو اَلْحُسَيْنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ اَلْأَسَدِيُّ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ اَلنَّخَعِيِّ عَنْ عَمِّهِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ اَلنَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْخَبَرِ اَلَّذِي رُوِيَ "أَنَّ مَنْ كَانَ بِالرَّهْنِ أَوْثَقَ مِنْهُ بِأَخِيهِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ فَأَنَا مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ" فَقَالَ "ذَلِكَ إِذَا ظَهَرَ اَلْحَقُّ وَ قَامَ قَائِمُنَا أَهْلَ اَلْبَيْتِ " قُلْتُ فَالْخَبَرُ اَلَّذِي رُوِيَ "أَنَّ رِبْحَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ عَلَى اَلْمُؤْمِنِ رِبًا مَا هُوَ" قَالَ "ذَاكَ إِذَا ظَهَرَ اَلْحَقُّ وَ قَامَ قَائِمُنَا أَهْلَ اَلْبَيْتِ وَ أَمَّا اَلْيَوْمَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَبِيعَ مِنَ اَلْأَخِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ وَ يَرْبَحَ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.4119 - Abu al-Husayn Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Asadi (may Allah (swt) be pleased with him) narrated from Musa ibn Imran al-Nakha'i, from his uncle al-Husayn ibn Yazid al-Nawfali, from Ali ibn Salim, from his father, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the report that has been narrated: 'Whoever relies more on a pledge (rahn) than on his believing brother, I am free from him.' Imam (as) replied: 'That applies when the truth becomes manifest, and our Qaim (the Mahdi Imam Muhammad ibn Hassan Al-Mahdi (as)) from among the Ahlulbayt (as) rises.' I then asked about the report that says: 'The profit earned by a believer from another believer is riba (usury).' Imam (as) said: 'That applies when the truth becomes manifest, and our Qaim (as) from among the Ahlulbayt (as) rises. As for today, there is no harm if a believer sells to his believing brother and earns profit from him.' "

4120 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَرْهَنُ جَارِيَتَهُ أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَطَأَهَا قَالَ "إِنَّ اَلَّذِينَ اِرْتَهَنُوهَا يَحُولُونَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهَا" قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ قَدَرَ عَلَيْهَا خَالِياً وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمِ اَلَّذِينَ اِرْتَهَنُوهَا قَالَ "نَعَمْ لاَ أَرَى بِهَذَا بَأْساً".

Hadith.4120 - Al-Alaa narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who reported from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "I asked Imam (as) about a man who pledges his bondwoman (as collateral). Is it permissible for him to have intercourse with her?" Imam (as) replied: "Those who have taken her as collateral (the creditors) prevent him from having access to her." I then asked: "What if he manages to be with her privately without the knowledge of those who took her as collateral?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, I do not see any harm in this."

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى ۝ يَسْئَلُونَكَ ما ذا أُحِلَّ لَهُمْ‌ قُلْ أُحِلَّ لَكُمُ الطَّيِّباتُ وَ ما عَلَّمْتُمْ مِنَ الْجَوارِحِ‌ مُكَلِّبِينَ‌ تُعَلِّمُونَهُنَ‌ مِمَّا عَلَّمَكُمُ اللَّهُ‌ فَكُلُوا مِمَّا أَمْسَكْنَ عَلَيْكُمْ‌ وَ اذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ‌ ۝

Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, said: "They ask you what has been made lawful for them. Say: Lawful to you are all good things, and what you have taught of hunting animals, trained as hounds, teaching them of what Allah (swt) has taught you. So eat of what they catch for you, and mention the name of Allah (swt) upon it." (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:4).

4121 - وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "فِي صَيْدِ اَلْكَلْبِ إِنْ أَرْسَلَهُ صَاحِبُهُ وَ سَمَّى فَلْيَأْكُلْ كُلَّ مَا أَمْسَكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ قَتَلَ وَ إِنْ أَكَلَ فَكُلْ مَا بَقِيَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ مُعَلَّمٍ فَعَلَّمَهُ سَاعَتَهُ حِينَ يُرْسِلُهُ فَلْيَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مُعَلَّمٌ فَأَمَّا مَا خَلاَ اَلْكِلاَبَ مِمَّا تَصِيدُهُ اَلْفُهُودُ وَ اَلصُّقُورُ وَ أَشْبَاهُهُ فَلاَ تَأْكُلْ مِنْ صَيْدِهِ إِلاَّ مَا أَدْرَكْتَ ذَكَاتَهُ، لِأَنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ "مُكَلِّبِينَ" فَمَا خَلاَ اَلْكِلاَبَ فَلَيْسَ صَيْدُهُ بِالَّذِي يُؤْكَلُ إِلاَّ أَنْ تُدْرِكَ ذَكَاتَهُ".

Hadith.4121 - Musa ibn Bakr narrated from Zurara, from Abu Abdullah (as), that he said: "Regarding the hunting of a dog, if its owner releases it and pronounces the name of Allah (swt), then he may eat whatever it catches for him, even if it kills. And if it eats from it, then eat what remains. If the dog is not trained, but the owner trains it at the moment he releases it, he may eat from it, for it is considered trained. However, apart from dogs, such as animals hunted by cheetahs, falcons, and similar creatures, do not eat from their catch you reach it and perform the proper slaughtering (dhabh). This is because Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, said: 'Mukallibeen' (those who train hunting dogs) Thus, apart from dogs, their catch is not lawful to eat unless you reach it and slaughter it properly."

4122 - وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كُلْ مَا أَكَلَ مِنْهُ اَلْكَلْبُ وَ إِنْ أَكَلَ مِنْهُ ثُلُثَيْهِ كُلْ مَا أَكَلَ اَلْكَلْبُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ بَضْعَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ".

Hadith.4122 - And in another narration, Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Eat whatever the dog has eaten from, even if it has eaten two-thirds of it. Eat whatever the dog has eaten, even if nothing remains of it except a single piece."

4123 - وَ رَوَى هِشَامُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ كَلْبِ اَلْمَجُوسِيِّ يَأْخُذُهُ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلْمُسْلِمُ فَيُسَمِّي حِينَ يُرْسِلُهُ أَ يَأْكُلُ مَا أَمْسَكَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ لِأَنَّهُ مُكَلَّبٌ وَ ذَكَرَ اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.4123 - Hisham bin Salim narrated from Sulaiman bin Khalid, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a Magian's dog that is taken by a Muslim man, and he pronounces the name of Allah (swt) when releasing it. Should he eat what the dog catches for him?" Imam (as) said: 'Yes, because it is trained and the name of Allah (swt) has been mentioned upon it.'"

4124 - وَ رَوَى اَلنَّضْرُ بْنُ سُوَيْدٍ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ كَلْبٍ أَفْلَتَ وَ لَمْ يُرْسِلْهُ صَاحِبُهُ فَصَادَ فَأَدْرَكَهُ صَاحِبُهُ وَ قَدْ قَتَلَهُ أَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ إِذَا صَادَ وَ قَدْ سَمَّى فَلْيَأْكُلْ وَ إِذَا صَادَ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ فَلاَ يَأْكُلْ وَ هُوَ مِمَّا ۝ عَلَّمْتُمْ مِنَ اَلْجَوٰارِحِ مُكَلِّبِينَ ۝ ".

Hadith.4124 - Al-Nadr bin Suwayd narrated from Al-Qasim bin Sulaiman, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a dog that escaped and was not released by its owner, yet it hunted and its owner found it after it had killed the prey. Should he eat from it? Imam (as) said: 'No. If it hunted while the owner had pronounced the name of Allah (swt), then he may eat from it. But if it hunted without the name of Allah (swt) being mentioned, then he should not eat from it. And this is from what Allah (swt) has said: "Of what you have trained among hunting animals, teaching them as Allah (swt) has taught you" (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:4)

4125 - وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا أَرْسَلَ اَلرَّجُلُ كَلْبَهُ وَ نَسِيَ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ فَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ مَنْ قَدْ ذَبَحَ وَ نَسِيَ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ وَ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا رَمَى وَ نَسِيَ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ ".

Hadith.4125 - Musa bin Bakr narrated from Zurara, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as): "If a man sends his hunting dog and forgets to mention the name of Allah (swt), it is like one who slaughters an animal and forgets to mention the name of Allah (swt). The same applies if he shoots (an arrow) and forgets to mention the name of Allah (swt)."

4126 - وَ حُكْمُ ذَلِكَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ "أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ حِينَ يَأْكُلُ".

Hadith.4126 - And the ruling regarding that, as mentioned in another narration, is: "He should mention the name of Allah (swt) at the time of eating."

4127 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ قَالَ : سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّمِيَّةِ يَجِدُهَا صَاحِبُهَا مِنَ اَلْغَدِ أَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ رَمْيَتَهُ هِيَ قَتَلَتْهُ فَلْيَأْكُلْ وَ ذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَ قَدْ سَمَّى".

Hadith.4127 - Hammad ibn Isa narrated from Hariz who said: Abu Abdullah (as), was asked about an animal shot with an arrow, and its owner finds it the next day. Should he eat from it? Imam (as) said: "If he knows that his shot is what killed it, then he may eat it, provided that he had mentioned the name of Allah (swt) (at the time of shooting)."

4128 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَا أَخَذَتِ اَلْحِبَالَةُ وَ قَطَعَتْ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ مَيْتَةٌ وَ مَا أَدْرَكْتَ مِنْ سَائِرِ جَسَدِهِ حَيّاً فَذَكِّهِ ثُمَّ كُلْ مِنْهُ ".

Hadith.4128 - Aban narrated from Abdur-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah who said: Abu Abdullah (as), said: "Whatever is caught by a snare and has part of it severed, then it is considered dead. However, if you find the rest of its body alive, then perform the proper slaughtering (Zabiha) and eat from it."

4129 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عِيسَى اَلْقُمِّيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَرْمِي بِسَهْمٍ فَلاَ أَدْرِي أَ سَمَّيْتُ أَمْ لَمْ أُسَمِّ فَقَالَ "كُلْ وَ لاَ بَأْسَ " فَقُلْتُ أَرْمِي فَيَغِيبُ عَنِّي فَأَجِدُ سَهْمِي فِيهِ فَقَالَ "كُلْ مَا لَمْ يُؤْكَلْ مِنْهُ وَ إِنْ أُكِلَ مِنْهُ فَلاَ تَأْكُلْ" مِنْهُ.

Hadith.4129 - Aban ibn Uthman narrated from Isa al-Qummi who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "I shoot an arrow, but I do not know whether I mentioned the name of Allah (swt) (Bismillah) or not." Imam (as) said: "Eat, and there is no problem." I said: "I shoot, and it disappears from my sight, then I find my arrow in it." Imam (as) said: "Eat as long as nothing has been eaten from it. But if something has been eaten from it, then do not eat it."

4130 - وَ سَأَلَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ : عَنِ اَلصَّيْدِ يَضْرِبُهُ اَلرَّجُلُ بِالسَّيْفِ أَوْ يَطْعُنُهُ بِرُمْحِهِ أَوْ يَرْمِيهِ بِسَهْمِهِ فَيَقْتُلُهُ وَ قَدْ سَمَّى حِينَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "كُلْهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.4130 - Muhammad ibn Ali al-Halabi asked Imam (as) about hunting when a man strikes the prey with his sword, pierces it with his spear, or shoots it with his arrow, and he had mentioned the name of Allah (swt) (Bismillah) at the time of doing so. Imam (as) said: "Eat it, and there is no problem with it."

4131 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلصَّيْدِ يَرْمِيهِ اَلرَّجُلُ بِسَهْمٍ فَيُصِيبُهُ مُعْتَرِضاً فَيَقْتُلُهُ وَ قَدْ سَمَّى عَلَيْهِ حِينَ رَمَى وَ لَمْ تُصِبْهُ اَلْحَدِيدَةُ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ اَلسَّهْمُ اَلَّذِي أَصَابَهُ هُوَ قَتَلَهُ فَإِذَا رَآهُ فَلْيَأْكُلْهُ".

Hadith.4131 - Ibn Muskan narrated from al-Halabi who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about a man who shoots an arrow at a game animal, and it strikes it sideways and kills it. He had mentioned the name of Allah (swt) (Bismillah) when he shot the arrow, but the arrowhead did not wound it. Imam (as) said: "If the arrow that struck it is what killed it, then when he finds it, let him eat it."

4132 - وَ سَمِعَ زُرَارَةُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "فِيمَا قَتَلَ اَلْمِعْرَاضُ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا كَانَ إِنَّمَا يُصْنَعُ لِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.4132 - Zurara heard Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), saying: "There is no harm in what the 'mi'raad' (a hunting tool) kills, as long as it is specifically made for that purpose."

4133 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَمَّا صَرَعَ اَلْمِعْرَاضُ مِنَ اَلصَّيْدِ فَقَالَ "إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ نَبْلٌ غَيْرُ اَلْمِعْرَاضِ وَ ذَكَرَ اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ فَلْيَأْكُلْ مِمَّا قَتَلَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ نَبْلٌ غَيْرُهُ فَلاَ".

Hadith.4133 - In a narration from Hammad, from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as): Imam (as) was asked about what the 'mi'raad' (a hunting tool) strikes down from game. Imam (as) said: "If he has no other arrows except the 'Mi'rad' and mentioned the name of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, over it, then he may eat from what it killed. However, if he had other arrows besides it, then he should not."

4134 - وَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ سِلاَحَهُ اَلَّذِي يَرْمِي بِهِ فَلاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4134 - And Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, used to say: "If that is his weapon which he uses to hunt with, then there is no harm."

4135 - وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ : "إِنْ كَانَتْ تِلْكَ مِرْمَاتَهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4135 - And in another report: "If that is his shooting instrument, then there is no harm."

4136 - وَ رُوِيَ : "أَنَّهُ إِنْ خَرَقَ أُكِلَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَخْرِقْ لَمْ يُؤْكَلْ".

Hadith.4136 - And it was narrated: "If it pierced, it may be eaten, but if it did not pierce, it may not be eaten."

4137 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "فِي رَجُلٍ لَهُ نِبَالٌ لَيْسَ فِيهَا حَدِيدٌ وَ هِيَ عِيدَانٌ كُلُّهَا فَيَرْمِي بِالْعُودِ فَيُصِيبُ وَسَطَ اَلطَّيْرِ مُعْتَرِضاً فَيَقْتُلُهُ وَ يَذْكُرُ اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ دَمٌ وَ هِيَ نِبَالَةٌ مَعْلُومَةٌ فَيَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ إِذَا ذَكَرَ اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ".

Hadith.4137 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said regarding a man who has arrows without iron tips, and they are entirely wooden. If he shoots with the wooden arrow and strikes the bird in the middle while it is flying and kills it, and he mentions the name of Allah (swt) upon it, even if no blood comes out, and these are known arrows, then he may eat from it if he has mentioned the name of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic.

4138 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ وَ حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَتْلِ اَلْحَجَرِ وَ اَلْبُنْدُقِ أَ يُؤْكَلُ فَقَالَ "لاَ".

Hadith.4138 - Hammad ibn Uthman narrated from Al-Halabi, and Hammad ibn Isa narrated from Hariz, from Abu Abdillah (as), that he was asked about killing an animal with a stone or a bullet (projectile). Imam (as) said: "No, it should not be eaten."

4139 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي صَيْدٍ وُجِدَ فِيهِ سَهْمٌ وَ هُوَ مَيِّتٌ لاَ يُدْرَى مَنْ قَتَلَهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ تَطْعَمُوهُ " وَ قَالَ "مَنْ جَرَحَ بِسِلاَحٍ وَ ذَكَرَ اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ بَقِيَ اَلصَّيْدُ لَيْلَةً أَوْ لَيْلَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ وَجَدَهُ لَمْ يَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ سَبُعٌ وَ عَلِمَ أَنَّ سِلاَحَهُ قَتَلَهُ فَلْيَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ".

Hadith.4139 - Commander of the Faithful (as) said regarding a hunted animal that was found with an arrow in it and was dead, but it was not known who killed it. Imam (as) said: "Do not eat it." And Imam (as) said: "Whoever wounds an animal with a weapon and mentions the name of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, upon it, and then the game remains for a night or two, and he finds it without a predator having eaten from it, and he knows that his weapon killed it, then he may eat from it, if Allah (swt) wills."

4140 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي إِيَّلٍ اِصْطَادَهُ رَجُلٌ فَيُقَطِّعُهُ اَلنَّاسُ وَ اَلَّذِي اِصْطَادَهُ يَمْنَعُهُ فَفِيهِ نَهْيٌ فَقَالَ "وَ لَيْسَ فِيهِ نَهْيٌ وَ لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ".

Hadith.4140 - Imam (as) said regarding a deer that a man hunted, and people started cutting it up while the one who hunted it was trying to prevent them. Imam (as) said: "There is no prohibition in it, and there is no harm in it."

4141 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَرْمِي اَلصَّيْدَ فَيَصْرَعُهُ فَيَبْتَدِرُهُ اَلْقَوْمُ فَيُقَطِّعُونَهُ فَقَالَ "كُلْهُ".

Hadith.4141 - Aban narrated from Muhammad Al-Halabi who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who shoots at game and brings it down, then the people rush to it and cut it up. Imam (as) said: "Eat it."

4142 - وَ رَوَى اَلْمُفَضَّلُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "كَانَ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُفْتِي فِي زَمَنِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ "أَنَّ مَا قَتَلَ اَلْبَازُ وَ اَلصَّقْرُ فَهُوَ حَلاَلٌ" وَ كَانَ يَتَّقِيهِمْ وَ أَنَا لاَ أَتَّقِيهِمْ وَ هُوَ حَرَامٌ مَا قَتَلَ اَلْبَازُ وَ اَلصَّقْرُ".

Hadith.4142 - Al-Mufaddal ibn Salih narrated from Aban ibn Taghlib who said: I heard Abu Abdillah (as) saying: "My father (as) used to issue legal rulings during the time of Banu Umayyah that what was killed by the hawk and the falcon was lawful, and he would do so out of precaution (Taqiyyah) from them. But I do not fear them, and what is killed by the hawk and the falcon is unlawful."

4143 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "إِنْ أَرْسَلْتَ بَازاً أَوْ صَقْراً أَوْ عُقَاباً فَقَتَلَ فَلاَ تَأْكُلْ حَتَّى تُذَكِّيَهُ".

Hadith.4143 - Abu Basir narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that Imam (as) said: "If you release a hawk, a falcon, or an eagle and it kills, do not eat it until you properly slaughter it."

4144 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنْ أَرْسَلْتَ كَلْبَكَ عَلَى صَيْدٍ فَأَدْرَكْتَهُ وَ لَمْ تَكُنْ مَعَكَ حَدِيدَةٌ تَذْبَحُهُ بِهَا فَدَعِ اَلْكَلْبَ يَقْتُلُهُ ثُمَّ كُلْ مِنْهُ".

Hadith.4144 - Imam (as) said: "If you send your hunting dog after a game and you catch up with it but do not have a blade to slaughter it with, then let the dog kill it, and you may eat from it."

4145 - وَ نَهَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ صَيْدِ اَلْحَمَامِ بِالْأَمْصَارِ.

Hadith.4145 - Commander of the Faithful (as) forbade hunting pigeons in cities.

4146 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: وَ اَللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَطُّ سَأَلْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ مَا يُؤْكَلُ مِنَ اَلطَّيْرِ فَقَالَ "كُلْ مَا دَفَّ وَ لاَ تَأْكُلْ مَا صَفَّ" قَالَ قُلْتُ اَلْبَيْضُ فِي اَلْآجَامِ قَالَ "كُلُّ مَا اِسْتَوَى طَرَفَاهُ فَلاَ تَأْكُلْ وَ كُلُّ مَا اِخْتَلَفَ طَرَفَاهُ فَكُلْ" قُلْتُ فَطَيْرُ اَلْمَاءِ قَالَ "كُلُّ مَا كَانَتْ لَهُ قَانِصَةٌ فَكُلْ وَ مَا لَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ قَانِصَةٌ فَلاَ تَأْكُلْ ". وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ: "إِنْ كَانَ اَلطَّيْرُ يَصُفُّ وَ يَدُفُّ فَكَانَ دَفِيفُهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ صَفِيفِهِ أُكِلَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ صَفِيفُهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ دَفِيفِهِ فَلَمْ يُؤْكَلْ وَ يُؤْكَلُ مِنْ طَيْرِ اَلْمَاءِ مَا كَانَتْ لَهُ قَانِصَةٌ أَوْ صِيصِيَةٌ وَ لاَ يُؤْكَلُ مَا لَيْسَتْ لَهُ قَانِصَةٌ أَوْ صِيصِيَةٌ".

Hadith.4146 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Ali ibn Ri'ab, from Zurara ibn Ayan, that he said: By Allah (swt), I have never seen anyone like Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as). I asked him and said: "May Allah (swt) rectify your affairs, what birds are permissible to eat?" Imam (as) said: "Eat whatever flaps its wings, and do not eat what glides." I said: "What about eggs found in thickets?" Imam (as) said: "If both ends are equal, then do not eat it, but if the two ends are different, then eat it." I asked: "What about water birds?" Imam (as) said: "Eat whatever has a crop, and do not eat what does not have a crop." In another narration, Imam (as) said: "If the bird glides and flaps, but its flapping is more than its gliding, then it may be eaten; but if its gliding is more than its flapping, then it should not be eaten. From water birds, what has a crop or a spur may be eaten, and what lacks them should not be eaten."

4147 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "كُلُّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ اَلسِّبَاعِ وَ مِخْلَبٍ مِنَ اَلطَّيْرِ حَرَامٌ".

Hadith.4147 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Every predatory animal with fangs and every bird with talons is unlawful."

4148 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحَارِثِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ طَيْرِ اَلْمَاءِ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُ اَلسَّمَكَ مِنْهُ يَحِلُّ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ كُلْهُ".

Hadith.4148 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Harith who said: I asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about water birds that eat fish, whether they are permissible to eat. He (as) said: "There is no harm in it, eat them."

4149 - وَ سَأَلَ كِرْدِينٌ اَلْمِسْمَعِيُّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْحُبَارَى فَقَالَ "لَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ عِنْدِي مِنْهُ فَآكُلُ حَتَّى أَمْتَلِئَ".

Hadith.4149 - Kirdin al-Mismai asked Abu Abdillah (as) about the bustard bird. Imam (as) said: "I wish I had some of it so that I could eat until I am full."

4150 - وَ سَأَلَ زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ آدَمَ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ دَجَاجِ اَلْمَاءِ فَقَالَ "إِذَا كَانَ يَلْتَقِطُ غَيْرَ اَلْعَذِرَةِ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ ".

Hadith.4150 - Zakariyya ibn Adam asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about water birds. Imam (as) said: "If they pick up things other than filth, then there is no harm in eating them."

4151 - وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ بَيْضِ طَيْرِ اَلْمَاءِ فَقَالَ "مَا كَانَ مِنْهُ مِثْلَ بَيْضِ اَلدَّجَاجِ يَعْنِي عَلَى خِلْقَتِهِ فَكُلْ".

Hadith.4151 - Abdullah ibn Sinan asked Abu Abdillah (as) about the eggs of water birds. Imam (as) said: "Whatever resembles the eggs of chickens in shape, then eat it."

4152 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كُلْ مِنَ اَلسَّمَكِ مَا كَانَ لَهُ فُلُوسٌ وَ لاَ تَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ فَلْسٌ ".

Hadith.4152 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Eat from the fish that has scales, and do not eat from it that which has no scales."

4153 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ : أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِصْطَادَ سَمَكَةً فَرَبَطَهَا بِخَيْطٍ وَ أَرْسَلَهَا فِي اَلْمَاءِ فَمَاتَتْ أَ تُؤْكَلُ قَالَ "لاَ".

Hadith.4153 - Hammad narrated from Abu Ayyub that he asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who caught a fish, tied it with a string, and released it into the water, and then it died. Imam (as) said: "It should not be eaten."

4154 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَيَابَةَ : عَنِ اَلسَّمَكِ يُصَادُ ثُمَّ يُجْعَلُ فِي شَيْءٍ ثُمَّ يُعَادُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ فَيَمُوتُ فِيهِ فَقَالَ "لاَ تَأْكُلْ لِأَنَّهُ مَاتَ فِي اَلَّذِي فِيهِ حَيَاتُهُ ".

Hadith.4154 - Abd al-Rahman ibn Sayabah asked him about fish that are caught, placed in something, and then returned to the water where they die. Imam (as) said: "Do not eat it, because it died in what is its source of life."

4155 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ سَمَكَةٌ اِرْتَفَعَتْ فَوَقَعَتْ عَلَى اَلْجَدَدِ فَاضْطَرَبَتْ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ آكُلُهَا قَالَ "نَعَمْ".

Hadith.4155 - Aban narrated from Zurara who said: I asked him about a fish that leaps out of the water, falls onto dry land, and struggles until it dies. I said: "Can I eat it?" Imam (as) said: "Yes."

4156 - وَ رَوَى اَلْقَاسِمُ بْنُ بُرَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ نَصَبَ شَبَكَةً فِي اَلْمَاءِ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ وَ تَرَكَهَا مَنْصُوبَةً ثُمَّ أَتَاهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَدْ وَقَعَ فِيهَا سَمَكٌ فَمُوِّتْنَ فَقَالَ "مَا عَمِلَتْ يَدُهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِأَكْلِ مَا وَقَعَ فِيهِ".

Hadith.4156 - Al-Qasim ibn Burayd narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), regarding a man who sets up a net in the water, then returns to his house and leaves it set up. Later, he comes back and finds that fish have been caught in it and have died. Imam (as) said: "What his hand has done is permissible, so there is no harm in eating what was caught in it."

4157 - وَ سَأَلَ أَبُو اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيُّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْحِيتَانِ يَصِيدُهَا اَلْمَجُوسُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَا إِنَّمَا صَيْدُ اَلْحِيتَانِ أَخْذُهَا".

Hadith.4157 - Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani asked Abu Abdillah (as) about fish caught by the Magians. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it; the catching of fish is merely taking them."

4158 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِكَوَامِيخِ اَلْمَجُوسِ وَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِصَيْدِهِمُ اَلسَّمَكَ".

Hadith.4158 - In the narration of Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdillah (as), Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in pickled foods of the Magians, and there is no harm in their catching of fish."

4159 - قَالَ : وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْحَظِيرَةِ مِنَ اَلْقَصَبِ تُجْعَلُ لِلْحِيتَانِ فِي اَلْمَاءِ فَيَدْخُلُهَا اَلْحِيتَانُ فَيَمُوتُ بَعْضُهَا فِيهَا قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ ".

Hadith.4159 - He said: I asked him about an enclosure made of reeds placed in the water for fish, and the fish enter it, and some of them die inside it. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

4160 - وَ سَأَلَهُ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ : عَنْ صَيْدِ اَلْحِيتَانِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُسَمَّ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.4160 - Al-Halabi asked him about catching fish without mentioning the name of Allah (swt) over it. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

4161 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ تَأْكُلِ اَلْجِرِّيَّ وَ لاَ اَلْمَارْمَاهِيَ وَ لاَ اَلزِّمِّيرَ وَ لاَ اَلطَّافِيَ وَ هُوَ اَلَّذِي يَمُوتُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ فَيَطْفُو عَلَى رَأْسِ اَلْمَاءِ".

Hadith.4161 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Do not eat the catfish, nor the eel, nor the zabir, nor the tafiy, which is that which dies in the water and floats on the surface of the water."

4162 - وَ رُوِيَ : "فِيمَنْ وَجَدَ سَمَكاً وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ مِمَّا يُؤْكَلُ أَوْ لاَ فَإِنَّهُ يُشَقُّ أَصْلُ ذَنَبِهِ فَإِنْ ضَرَبَ إِلَى اَلْخُضْرَةِ فَهُوَ مِمَّا لاَ يُؤْكَلُ وَ إِنْ ضَرَبَ إِلَى اَلْحُمْرَةِ فَهُوَ مِمَّا يُؤْكَلُ وَ إِنِ اِبْتَلَعَتْ حَيَّةٌ سَمَكَةً ثُمَّ رَمَتْ بِهَا وَ هِيَ حَيَّةٌ تَضْطَرِبُ فَإِنْ كَانَ فُلُوسُهَا قَدْ تَسَلَّخَتْ لَمْ تُؤْكَلْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فُلُوسُهَا تَسَلَّخَتْ أُكِلَتْ ".

Hadith.4162 - It has been narrated: "If someone finds a fish and does not know whether it is permissible to eat or not, then its tail should be split at the base. If the color turns green, it is not permissible to eat; but if it turns red, then it is permissible to eat. And if a snake swallows a fish and then spits it out while it is still alive and wriggling, if its scales have peeled off, it should not be eaten; but if its scales have not peeled off, it may be eaten."

4163 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمَرْوَةِ وَ اَلْقَصَبَةِ وَ اَلْعُودِ يَذْبَحُ بِهِنَّ اَلْإِنْسَانُ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدْ سِكِّيناً فَقَالَ "إِذَا فَرَى اَلْأَوْدَاجَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ ".

Hadith.4163 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who said: I asked Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) about using a flint, a reed, or a piece of wood to slaughter an animal if one does not have a knife. Imam (as) said: "If it cuts the veins, then there is no harm in it."

4164 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ تَأْكُلَ مَا ذُبِحَ بِحَجَرٍ إِذَا لَمْ تَجِدْ حَدِيدَةً".

Hadith.4164 - Ibn al-Mughira narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdillah (as), that Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in eating what is slaughtered with a stone if no iron is available."

4165 - وَ رَوَى اَلْفَضْلُ وَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ قَوْماً أَتَوُا اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالُوا لَهُ إِنَّ بَقَرَةً لَنَا غَلَبَتْنَا وَ اِسْتَصْعَبَتْ عَلَيْنَا فَضَرَبْنَاهَا بِالسَّيْفِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ بِأَكْلِهَا".

Hadith.4165 - Al-Fadl and Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that he said: "A group of people came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said to him: 'A cow of ours overpowered us and became difficult to handle, so we struck it with a sword.' Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) instructed them to eat it."

4166 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ اَلْعِيصِ بْنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ ثَوْراً ثَارَ بِالْكُوفَةِ فَثَارَ إِلَيْهِ اَلنَّاسُ بِأَسْيَافِهِمْ فَضَرَبُوهُ وَ أَتَوْا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَسَأَلُوهُ فَقَالَ "ذَكَاةٌ وَحِيَّةٌ وَ لَحْمُهُ حَلاَلٌ" ".

Hadith.4166 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Al-Is ibn al-Qasim, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "A bull in Kufa became wild, and the people attacked it with their swords and struck it. They then came to Commander of the Faithful (as) and asked him about it. Imam (as) said: 'It is a valid slaughtering, and its meat is lawful.'"

4167 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ بَعِيرٍ تَرَدَّى فِي بِئْرٍ فَذُبِحَ مِنْ قِبَلِ ذَنَبِهِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا ذَكَرُوا اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.4167 - Aban narrated from Zurara, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a camel that fell into a well and was slaughtered from the side of its tail. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it if they mentioned the name of Allah (swt) over it."

4168 - وَ رَوَى عُمَرُ بْنُ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ ذَبَحَ فَسَبَقَهُ اَلسِّكِّينُ فَقَطَعَ اَلرَّأْسَ فَقَالَ "ذَكَاةٌ وَحِيَّةٌ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِأَكْلِهِ".

Hadith.4168 - Umar ibn Udhaynah narrated from Al-Fudayl who said: I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who was slaughtering an animal, and the knife moved too quickly and severed the head completely. Imam (as) said: "It is a valid slaughtering, and there is no harm in eating it."

4169 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنْ خَرَجَ اَلدَّمُ فَكُلْ".

Hadith.4169 - In the narration of Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), he said: "If the blood flows, then eat."

4170 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا سَالَ اَلدَّمُ".

Hadith.4170 - In the narration of Samaah from Abu Abdillah (as), Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it if the blood flows."

4171 - وَ سَأَلَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلشَّاةِ تُذْبَحُ فَلاَ تَتَحَرَّكُ وَ يُهَرَاقُ مِنْهَا دَمٌ كَثِيرٌ عَبِيطٌ فَقَالَ "لاَ تَأْكُلْ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ يَقُولُ "إِذَا رَكَضَتِ اَلرِّجْلُ أَوْ طَرَفَتِ اَلْعَيْنُ فَكُلْ" ".

Hadith.4171 - Abu Basir asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a sheep that is slaughtered but does not move, yet a lot of fresh blood flows from it. Imam (as) said: "Do not eat it. Indeed, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say: 'If the leg kicks or the eye blinks, then eat it.'"

4172 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ ذَبَحَ طَيْراً فَقَطَعَ رَأْسَهُ أَ يُؤْكَلُ مِنْهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ يَتَعَمَّدْ قَطْعَ رَأْسِهِ ".

Hadith.4172 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), that he was asked about a man who slaughtered a bird and severed its head. Imam (as) said: "Yes, it may be eaten, but he should not deliberately cut off its head."

4173 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ تَأْكُلَنَّ مِنْ فَرِيسَةِ اَلسَّبُعِ وَ لاَ اَلْمَوْقُوذَةِ وَ لاَ اَلْمُنْخَنِقَةِ وَ لاَ اَلْمُتَرَدِّيَةِ وَ لاَ اَلنَّطِيحَةِ إِلاَّ أَنْ تُدْرِكَهُ حَيّاً فَتُذَكِّيَهُ ".

Hadith.4173 - Ali ibn Abi Hamzah narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "Do not eat from what has been killed by a predator, nor from that which has been beaten to death, strangled, fallen from a height, or gored, unless you find it alive and slaughter it properly."

4174 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فِي اَلذَّبِيحَةِ تُذْبَحُ وَ فِي بَطْنِهَا وَلَدٌ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ تَامّاً فَكُلْهُ فَإِنَّ ذَكَاتَهُ ذَكَاةُ أُمِّهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ تَامّاً فَلاَ تَأْكُلْهُ".

Hadith.4174 - Aban narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), that he said regarding an animal that is slaughtered and has a fetus in its womb: "If it is fully formed, then eat it, for its slaughtering is the slaughtering of its mother. But if it is not fully formed, then do not eat it."

4175 - وَ رَوَى عُمَرُ بْنُ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ أُحِلَّتْ لَكُمْ بَهِيمَةُ اَلْأَنْعٰامِ ۝ فَقَالَ "اَلْجَنِينُ إِذَا أَشْعَرَ أَوْ أَوْبَرَ فَذَكَاتُهُ ذَكَاةُ أُمِّهِ ".

Hadith.4175 - Umar ibn Udhaynah narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the Imams (peace be upon them), that he said: I asked him about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "Lawful to you are the beasts of cattle." (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:1) Imam (as) said: "The fetus, if it has grown hair or fur, its slaughtering is the slaughtering of its mother."

4176 - وَ رَوَى اَلْكَاهِلِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ عَنْ قَطْعِ أَلَيَاتِ اَلْغَنَمِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِقَطْعِهَا إِذَا كُنْتَ إِنَّمَا تُصْلِحُ بِهِ مَالَكَ" ثُمَّ قَالَ "إِنَّ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَنَّ مَا قُطِعَ مِنْهَا مَيْتٌ لاَ يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ " ".

Hadith.4176 - Al-Kahili narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that a man asked him a question while I was present about cutting the tails of sheep. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in cutting them if you are doing so to improve your wealth." Then Imam (as) said: "Indeed, in the book of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), it is written: 'Whatever is cut from a living animal is considered dead and should not be used.'"

4177 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كُلُّ مَنْحُورٍ مَذْبُوحٍ حَرَامٌ وَ كُلُّ مَذْبُوحٍ مَنْحُورٍ حَرَامٌ".

Hadith.4177 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Every animal that should be slaughtered but is instead killed by stabbing is unlawful, and every animal that should be killed by stabbing but is instead slaughtered is unlawful."

4178 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى قَالَ سَأَلَ اَلْمَرْزُبَانُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ ذَبِيحَةِ وَلَدِ اَلزِّنَا وَ قَدْ عَرَفْنَاهُ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ وَ اَلْمَرْأَةُ وَ اَلصَّبِيُّ إِذَا اُضْطُرُّوا إِلَيْهِ".

Hadith.4178 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated that Al-Marzuban asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about the slaughtered animal of a child born out of wedlock, and they were certain of his status. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it, and it is permissible for a woman and a child if they are in necessity."

4179 - وَ سَأَلَهُ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ : عَنْ ذَبِيحَةِ اَلْمُرْجِئِ وَ اَلْحَرُورِيِّ قَالَ فَقَالَ "كُلْ وَ قِرَّ وَ اِسْتَقِرَّ حَتَّى يَكُونَ مَا يَكُونُ".

Hadith.4179 - Al-Halabi asked him about the slaughtered animal of the Murji'ite and the Haruri. Imam (as) said: "Eat, and be at ease and settled until whatever is to happen occurs."

4180 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ تَأْكُلْ ذَبِيحَةَ اَلْيَهُودِيِّ وَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ اَلْمَجُوسِيِّ وَ جَمِيعِ مَنْ خَالَفَ اَلدِّينَ إِلاَّ مَا إِذَا سَمِعْتَهُ يَذْكُرُ اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا وَ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لاَ يَذْبَحِ اَلْمَجُوسِيُّ وَ لاَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيُّ وَ لاَ نَصَارَى اَلْعَرَبِ اَلْأَضَاحِيَّ " " وَ قَالَ "تَأْكُلُ ذَبِيحَتَهُ إِذَا ذَكَرَ اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ".

Hadith.4180 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Do not eat the slaughtered animal of a Jew, a Christian, a Magian, or anyone who opposes the religion, except if you hear him mention the name of Allah (swt) over it." And in the book of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), it is written: "A Magian, a Christian, or the Christians of the Arabs should not slaughter the sacrificial animals." Imam (as) also said: "You may eat their slaughtered animal if they mention the name of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, over it."

4181 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي ذَبَائِحِ اَلنَّصَارَى فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَا" قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَذْكُرُونَ عَلَيْهَا اَلْمَسِيحَ فَقَالَ "إِنَّمَا أَرَادُوا بِالْمَسِيحِ اَللَّهَ تَعَالَى".

Hadith.4181 - And in the narration of Abdul Malik bin Amr, from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "I asked him, 'What do you say about the slaughtered animals of the Christians?' Imam (as) said: 'There is no harm in them.' I said: 'But they mention the name of the Messiah over them.' Imam (as) replied: 'They only mean Allah (swt), the Exalted, by the Messiah.'"

4182 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ اَلْحَضْرَمِيُّ عَنِ اَلْوَرْدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ حَدِّثْنِي حَدِيثاً وَ أَمْلِ عَلَيَّ حَتَّى أَكْتُبَهُ فَقَالَ "أَيْنَ حِفْظُكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ اَلْكُوفَةِ " قُلْتُ حَتَّى لاَ يَرُدَّهُ عَلَيَّ أَحَدٌ، مَا تَقُولُ فِي مَجُوسِيٍّ قَالَ بِسْمِ اَللَّهِ وَ ذَبَحَ فَقَالَ "كُلْ" فَقُلْتُ مُسْلِمٌ ذَبَحَ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ فَقَالَ "لاَ تَأْكُلْ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: ۝ فَكُلُوا مِمّٰا ذُكِرَ اِسْمُ اَللّٰهِ عَلَيْهِ ۝ وَ يَقُولُ ۝ وَ لاٰ تَأْكُلُوا مِمّٰا لَمْ يُذْكَرِ اِسْمُ اَللّٰهِ عَلَيْهِ ۝ ".

Hadith.4182 - And Abu Bakr al-Hadrami narrated from Al-Ward bin Zaid, who said: I said to Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), 'Relate to me a narration and dictate it to me so that I may write it down.' Imam (as) said: 'Where is your memory, O people of Kufa?' I said: 'So that no one disputes it with me later.' I then asked: 'What do you say about a Magian who says 'In the name of Allah (swt)' and slaughters an animal?' Imam (as) said: 'Eat.' I said: 'What if a Muslim slaughters but does not mention the name of Allah (swt)?' Imam (as) replied: 'Do not eat. Indeed, Allah (swt), the Exalted, says: 'So eat of that upon which the name of Allah (swt) has been mentioned' (Surah Al-An'am 6:118) and He (swt) also says: 'And do not eat of that upon which the name of Allah (swt) has not been mentioned.' (Surah Al-An'am 6:121)'"

4183 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ اَلْأَحْمَسِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "هُوَ اَلاِسْمُ وَ لاَ يُؤْمَنُ عَلَيْهِ إِلاَّ مُسْلِمٌ".

Hadith.4183 - And Al-Husayn Al-Ahmasi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "It is the (mentioning of) the name, and none is to be trusted with it except a Muslim."

4184 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ اَلْمُخْتَارِ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّا نَكُونُ بِالْجَبَلِ فَنَبْعَثُ اَلرُّعَاةَ إِلَى اَلْغَنَمِ فَرُبَّمَا عَطِبَتِ اَلشَّاةُ وَ أَصَابَهَا شَيْءٌ فَذَبَحُوهَا فَنَأْكُلُهَا قَالَ "لاَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ اَلذَّبِيحَةُ فَلاَ يُؤْمَنُ عَلَيْهَا إِلاَّ اَلْمُسْلِمُ ".

Hadith.4184 - Al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar narrated from Al-Husayn ibn Ubayd Allah (swt) who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "We are in the mountains and we send the shepherds to the sheep. Sometimes a sheep is injured or something happens to it, and they slaughter it. Can we eat it?" Imam (as) said: "No, for it is a matter of proper slaughtering, and only a Muslim can be trusted with it."

4185 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ وَ زُرَارَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُمْ سَأَلُوهُ عَنْ شِرَاءِ اَللَّحْمِ مِنَ اَلْأَسْوَاقِ وَ لاَ يُدْرَى مَا يَصْنَعُ اَلْقَصَّابُونَ فَقَالَ "كُلْ إِذَا كَانَ فِي أَسْوَاقِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لاَ تَسْأَلْ عَنْهُ".

Hadith.4185 - And it is narrated from Al-Fudayl, Zurara, and Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): They asked him about buying meat from the markets without knowing what the butchers do. Imam (as) said: "Eat if it is in the markets of the Muslims, and do not ask about it."

4186 - وَ سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ ذَبِيحَةٍ ذُبِحَتْ لِغَيْرِ اَلْقِبْلَةِ فَقَالَ "كُلْ لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ مَا لَمْ يُتَعَمَّدْ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ ذَبَحَ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ نَاسِياً فَلْيُسَمِّ حِينَ يَذْكُرُ يَقُولُ بِسْمِ اَللَّهِ عَلَى أَوَّلِهِ وَ عَلَى آخِرِهِ ".

Hadith.4186 - And Muhammad ibn Muslim asked Abu Abdullah (as), about an animal that was slaughtered not facing the Qibla. Imam (as) said: "Eat, there is no harm in that as long as it was not done intentionally." He further asked Imam (as) about a man who slaughtered an animal without mentioning the name of Allah (swt). Imam (as) said: "If he forgot, let him mention the name of Allah (swt) when he remembers and say: 'In the name of Allah (swt), at its beginning and at its end.'"

4187 - وَ سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ ذَبَحَ فَسَبَّحَ أَوْ كَبَّرَ أَوْ هَلَّلَ أَوْ حَمَّدَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ "هَذَا كُلُّهُ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ اَللَّهِ تَعَالَى لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.4187 - And Muhammad ibn Muslim asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), about a man who slaughtered an animal while saying Subhan Allah (swt) (Glory be to Allah (swt)), or Allahu Akbar (Allah (swt) is the Greatest), or La Ilaha Illa Allah (swt) (There is no god but Allah (swt)), or Alhamdulillah (Praise be to Allah (swt)). Imam (as) said: "All of these are among the names of Allah (swt), the Exalted, and there is no harm in it."

4188 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَذْبَحُ فَيَنْسَى أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ أَ تُؤْكَلُ ذَبِيحَتُهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ إِذَا كَانَ لاَ يُتَّهَمُ وَ يُحْسِنُ اَلذَّبْحَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَ لاَ يَنْخَعُ وَ لاَ يَكْسِرُ اَلرَّقَبَةَ حَتَّى تَبْرُدَ اَلذَّبِيحَةُ ".

Hadith.4188 - And in the narration of Hammad, from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), it is reported: Imam (as) was asked about a man who slaughters an animal but forgets to mention the name of Allah (swt), can his slaughtered animal be eaten? Imam (as) said: "Yes, if he is not suspected (of negligence) and is known to perform slaughtering properly, and if he does not sever the spinal cord or break the neck until the animal has completely cooled (ceased movement)."

4189 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدٌ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنْ لَمْ يُسَمِّ إِذَا ذَبَحَ فَلاَ تَأْكُلْهُ".

Hadith.4189 - And Muhammad Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Whoever does not mention the name of Allah (swt) when slaughtering, do not eat (from it)."

4190 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ ذَبِيحَةِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كُنَّ نِسَاءً لَيْسَ مَعَهُنَّ رَجُلٌ فَلْتَذْبَحْ أَعْلَمُهُنَّ وَ لْتَذْكُرِ اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ" وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَبِيحَةِ اَلصَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ "إِذَا تَحَرَّكَ وَ كَانَ خَمْسَةَ أَشْبَارٍ وَ أَطَاقَ اَلشَّفْرَةَ ".

Hadith.4190 - And Hammad narrated from Hariz, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about the slaughtering done by a woman. Imam (as) said: "If they are women and there is no man among them, then the most knowledgeable one among them should slaughter and mention the name of Allah (swt) upon it." And I asked Imam (as) about the slaughtering done by a boy. Imam (as) said: "If he has reached the age where he can move, is five spans tall, and can handle the knife, then it is permissible."

4191 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ رَهْطٍ رَوَوْهُ عَنْهُمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ جَمِيعاً : "أَنَّ ذَبِيحَةَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا أَجَادَتِ اَلذَّبْحَ وَ سَمَّتْ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِأَكْلِهِ وَ كَذَلِكَ اَلصَّبِيُّ وَ كَذَلِكَ اَلْأَعْمَى إِذَا سُدِّدَ ".

Hadith.4191 - And in the narration of Umar ibn Udhaynah from a group who narrated from both of the Imams (as), peace be upon them: "If a woman performs the slaughter properly and mentions the name of Allah (swt), then there is no issue with eating it. Likewise, the boy and the blind person, if they are guided, may also perform the slaughter."

4192 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اِبْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ ذَبِيحَةِ اَلْغُلاَمِ وَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ هَلْ تُؤْكَلُ فَقَالَ "إِذَا كَانَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ مُسْلِمَةً وَ ذَكَرَتِ اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ عَلَى ذَبِيحَتِهَا حَلَّتْ ذَبِيحَتُهَا وَ اَلْغُلاَمُ إِذَا قَوِيَ عَلَى اَلذَّبِيحَةِ وَ ذَكَرَ اِسْمَ اَللَّهِ تَعَالَى حَلَّتْ ذَبِيحَتُهُ وَ ذَلِكَ إِذَا خِيفَ فَوْتُ اَلذَّبِيحَةِ وَ لَمْ يُوجَدْ مَنْ يَذْبَحُ غَيْرُهُمَا".

Hadith.4192 - And in the narration of Ibn Muskan from Sulayman ibn Khalid, he said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about the slaughter by a boy and a woman, can it be eaten? Imam (as) said: 'If the woman is a Muslim and mentions the name of Allah (swt) over her slaughter, then her slaughter is permissible. And if the boy is strong enough to perform the slaughter and mentions the name of Allah (swt), his slaughter is also permissible. This applies in cases where there is a fear of losing the animal and no one else is available to perform the slaughter.'"

4193 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَتْ لَهُ جَارِيَةٌ تَذْبَحُ لَهُ إِذَا أَرَادَ".

Hadith.4193 - And Ibn al-Mughira narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdullah (as): "Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) had a servant girl who used to slaughter for him whenever he desired."

]الحمل و الجدي يرضعان من لبن خنزيرة أو امرأة[ 4194 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "وَ لاَ تَأْكُلْ مِنْ لَحْمِ حَمَلٍ رَضَعَ مِنْ خِنْزِيرَةٍ".

A LAMB OR A YOUNG GOAT THAT SUCKLES FROM THE MILK OF A SOW OR A WOMAN. Hadith.4194 - And Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said: "Do not eat the meat of a lamb that has suckled from a sow."

4195 - وَ كَتَبَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : اِمْرَأَةٌ أَرْضَعَتْ عَنَاقاً مِنَ اَلْغَنَمِ بِلَبَنِهَا حَتَّى فَطَمَتْهَا فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "فِعْلٌ مَكْرُوهٌ وَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.4195 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa wrote to Imam Ali ibn Muhammad Al-Hadi (as), inquiring about a woman who nursed a young goat with her milk until it was weaned. Imam (as) wrote in reply: "It is a disliked (makruh) act, but there is no harm in it."

4196 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ : سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ جَدْيٍ رَضَعَ مِنْ لَبَنِ خِنْزِيرَةٍ حَتَّى شَبَّ وَ كَبِرَ ثُمَّ اِسْتَفْحَلَهُ رَجُلٌ فِي غَنَمِهِ فَخَرَجَ لَهُ نَسْلٌ قَالَ "أَمَّا مَا عَرَفْتَ مِنْ نَسْلِهِ بِعَيْنِهِ فَلاَ تَقْرَبْهُ وَ أَمَّا مَا لَمْ تَعْرِفْهُ فَإِنَّهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ اَلْجُبُنِّ فَكُلْ وَ لاَ تَسْأَلْ عَنْهُ".

Hadith.4196 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub and Muhammad ibn Isma'il narrated from Hanan ibn Sadeer, who said: Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about a young goat that had nursed from the milk of a sow until it grew up and matured. A man then bred it among his flock, and offspring were produced from it. Imam (as) said: "As for the offspring that you specifically know came from it, do not approach them. But as for those you do not recognize, they are like cheese, so eat and do not inquire about them."

4197 - وَ سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ لُحُومِ اَلْخَيْلِ وَ اَلدَّوَابِّ وَ اَلْبِغَالِ وَ اَلْحَمِيرِ فَقَالَ "حَلاَلٌ وَ لَكِنَّ اَلنَّاسَ يَعَافُونَهَا".

Hadith.4197 - Muhammad ibn Muslim asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), about the meat of horses, beasts of burden, mules, and donkeys. Imam (as) said: "It is permissible, but people find it repugnant."

4198 - وَ رُوِيَ : "أَنَّ اَلْمُسُوخَ لَمْ تَبْقَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَإِنَّ هَذِهِ مُثِّلَ بِهَا فَنَهَى اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْ أَكْلِهَا".

Hadith.4198 - And it has been narrated: "The mutated creatures (al-masukh) did not remain alive for more than three days. These were transformed as a lesson, and Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, forbade eating them."

4199 - وَ رَوَى اَلْوَشَّاءُ عَنْ دَاوُدَ اَلرَّقِّيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ رَجُلاً مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي اَلْخَطَّابِ نَهَانِي عَنِ اَلْبُخْتِ وَ عَنْ أَكْلِ لَحْمِ اَلْحَمَامِ اَلْمُسَرْوَلِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِرُكُوبِ اَلْبُخْتِ وَ شُرْبِ أَلْبَانِهَا وَ أَكْلِ لُحُومِهَا وَ أَكْلِ لَحْمِ اَلْحَمَامِ اَلْمُسَرْوَلِ " وَ نَهَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رُكُوبِ اَلْجَلاَّلاَتِ وَ شُرْبِ أَلْبَانِهَا فَقَالَ "إِنْ أَصَابَكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ عَرَقِهَا فَاغْسِلْهُ". وَ النَّاقَةُ الْجَلَّالَةُ تُرْبَطُ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ يَجُوزُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ نَحْرُهَا وَ أَكْلُهَا وَ الْبَقَرَةُ تُرْبَطُ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْماً.

Hadith.4199 - And it was narrated by Al-Washsha from Dawud Al-Raqqi who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): A man from the followers of Abu Al-Khattab forbade me from riding Bukt (a type of camel) and eating the meat of 'musarwal' pigeons (pigeons with feathered legs). Abu Abdullah (as) replied: 'There is no harm in riding the Bukt, drinking their milk, eating their meat, or eating the meat of musarwal pigeons.' However, Imam (as) forbade riding the Jallalat (animals that feed on filth) and drinking their milk, and Imam (as) said: "If any of their sweat touches you, then wash it." And regarding a 'jallalah' she-camel, Imam (as) said: 'It should be confined for forty days before it becomes permissible for slaughter and consumption.' As for a 'jallalah' cow, Imam (as) said: 'It should be confined for thirty days.'

4200 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْجَوْهَرِيِّ : "أَنَّ اَلْبَقَرَةَ تُرْبَطُ عِشْرِينَ يَوْماً".

Hadith.4200 - And in the narration of Al-Qasim bin Muhammad Al-Jawhari: The cow is to be confined for twenty days."

4201 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كُلُّ مَا كَانَ فِي اَلْبَحْرِ مِمَّا يُؤْكَلُ فِي اَلْبَرِّ مِثْلُهُ فَجَائِزٌ أَكْلُهُ وَ كُلُّ مَا كَانَ فِي اَلْبَحْرِ مِمَّا لاَ يَجُوزُ أَكْلُهُ فِي اَلْبَرِّ لَمْ يَجُزْ أَكْلُهُ".

Hadith.4201 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), said: "Everything in the sea that has a counterpart on land which is permissible to eat is also permissible to eat. And everything in the sea that does not have a permissible counterpart on land is not permissible to eat."

4202 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ تَأْكُلِ اَلْجِرِّيَّ وَ لاَ اَلطِّحَالَ".

Hadith.4202 - Aban narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "Do not eat the eel (al-jirri) and do not eat the spleen (al-tihal)."

4203 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحِيمِ اَلْقَصِيرِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: "إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَذْبَحَ اَلْكَبْشَ أَتَاهُ إِبْلِيسُ فَقَالَ هَذَا لِي فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لاَ قَالَ لِي مِنْهُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لاَ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُسَمِّي عُضْواً عُضْواً مِنَ اَلشَّاةِ وَ يَأْبَى عَلَيْهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ حَتَّى اِنْتَهَى إِلَى اَلطِّحَالِ فَسَمَّاهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ فَهُوَ لُقْمَةُ اَلشَّيْطَانِ". وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِذَا كَانَ اَللَّحْمُ مَعَ اَلطِّحَالِ فِي سَفُّودٍ أُكِلَ اَللَّحْمُ إِذَا كَانَ فَوْقَ اَلطِّحَالِ فَإِنْ كَانَ أَسْفَلَ مِنَ اَلطِّحَالِ لَمْ يُؤْكَلْ وَ يُؤْكَلُ جُوذَابُهُ لِأَنَّ اَلطِّحَالَ فِي حِجَابٍ وَ لاَ يَنْزِلُ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُثْقَبَ فَإِنْ ثُقِبَ سَالَ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ يُؤْكَلْ مَا تَحْتَهُ مِنَ اَلْجُوذَابِ فَإِنْ جُعِلَتْ سَمَكَةٌ يَجُوزُ أَكْلُهَا مَعَ جِرِّيٍّ أَوْ غَيْرِهَا مِمَّا لاَ يَجُوزُ أَكْلُهُ فِي سَفُّودٍ أُكِلَتِ اَلَّتِي لَهَا فُلُوسٌ إِذَا كَانَتْ فِي اَلسَّفُّودِ فَوْقَ اَلْجِرِّيِّ وَ فَوْقَ اَللاَّتِي لاَ تُؤْكَلُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ أَسْفَلَ مِنَ اَلْجِرِّيِّ لَمْ تُؤْكَلْ".

Hadith.4203 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Abdul Rahim Al-Qasir, who said: I heard Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), say: "Indeed, when Ibrahim (as), peace be upon him, intended to slaughter the ram, Iblis came to him and said: 'This belongs to me.' Ibrahim (as), peace be upon him, replied: 'No.' Iblis said: 'I have a share in it,' Ibrahim (as), peace be upon him, responded: 'No.' Iblis then began naming each part of the sheep, but Ibrahim (as), peace be upon him, rejected him until he finally mentioned the spleen (al-tihal). At that point, Ibrahim (as), peace be upon him, gave it to him. Therefore, it is considered the morsel of Satan." Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "If meat is placed with the spleen on a skewer, the meat may be eaten if it is placed above the spleen. However, if it is placed below the spleen, it should not be eaten. Its dripping (fat and juices) may be consumed because the spleen is enclosed in a membrane, and nothing comes out of it unless it is punctured. If it is punctured, its contents will leak out, and the dripping below it should not be consumed. If a permissible fish is placed on a skewer with a catfish or any other fish that is not permissible to eat, the fish with scales may be eaten if it is placed above the catfish or the non-permissible fish on the skewer. However, if it is placed below the catfish, it should not be eaten."

4204 - وَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ إِلَى اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : اِخْتَلَفَ اَلنَّاسُ فِي اَلرَّبِيثَا فَمَا تَأْمُرُنِي فِيهَا فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَا".

Hadith.4204 - Muhammad ibn Isma'il ibn Bazi' wrote to Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as), saying: "The people have differed regarding the rabbit (al-rabitha). What do you command me concerning it?" Imam (as) wrote back: "There is no harm in it."

4205 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ : أَهْدَى فَيْضُ بْنُ اَلْمُخْتَارِ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَبِيثَا فَأَدْخَلَهَا إِلَيْهِ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا وَ قَالَ "هَذِهِ لَهَا قِشْرٌ" فَأَكَلَ مِنْهَا وَ نَحْنُ نَرَاهُ.

Hadith.4205 - It is narrated from Hanan ibn Sadir who said: "Fayd ibn Al-Mukhtar gifted a rabbit (al-rabitha) to Abu Abdullah (as). He brought it to him while I was present. Imam (as) looked at it and said: "This has a shell (skin)," and Imam (as) ate from it while we were observing.

4206 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يُؤْكَلُ مَا نَبَذَهُ اَلْمَاءُ مِنَ اَلْحِيتَانِ وَ مَا نَضَبَ اَلْمَاءُ عَنْهُ فَذَلِكَ اَلْمَتْرُوكُ".

Hadith.4206 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "That which is thrown out by the water from the fish and that which the water recedes from should not be eaten, for that is considered abandoned."

4207 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى اَلْخَثْعَمِيُّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا تَقُولُ فِي اَلْكَنْعَتِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَكْلِهِ" قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ قِشْرٌ قَالَ "بَلَى وَ لَكِنَّهَا حُوتَةٌ سَيِّئَةُ اَلْخُلُقِ تَحْتَكُّ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَإِذَا نَظَرْتَ فِي أَصْلِ أُذُنَيْهَا وَجَدْتَ لَهَا قِشْراً".

Hadith.4207 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Khath'ami, from Hammad ibn Uthman, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "May I be your ransom! What do you say about eating 'Kan'at'?" Imam (as) replied: "There is no harm in eating it." I said: "But it has no scales." Imam (as) replied: "Indeed, it does! However, it is a fish with bad manners that rubs against everything. If you look at the base of its ears, you will find scales."

4208 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَكُونُ فِيهِ حَلاَلٌ وَ حَرَامٌ فَهُوَ لَكَ حَلاَلٌ أَبَداً حَتَّى تَعْرِفَ اَلْحَرَامَ مِنْهُ بِعَيْنِهِ فَتَدَعَهُ ".

Hadith.4208 - It is narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Abdullah ibn Sinan, who said: Abu Abdullah (as), said: "Everything that contains both lawful and unlawful elements is always lawful for you until you specifically identify the unlawful part, at which point you must avoid it."

4209 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْإِخْصَاءِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْنِي ، فَسَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.4209 - It is narrated by Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Fadhal, from Yunus ibn Ya'qub, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about castration, but Imam (as) did not answer me. Then I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about it, and Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

4210 - وَ رَوَى يُونُسُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلسَّخْلَةُ اَلَّتِي مَرَّ بِهَا رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ هِيَ مَيْتَةٌ فَقَالَ "مَا ضَرَّ أَهْلَهَا لَوِ اِنْتَفَعُوا بِإِهَابِهَا" فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لَمْ تَكُنْ مَيْتَةً يَا أَبَا مَرْيَمَ وَ لَكِنَّهَا كَانَتْ مَهْزُولَةً فَذَبَحَهَا أَهْلُهَا فَرَمَوْا بِهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "مَا كَانَ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا لَوِ اِنْتَفَعُوا بِإِهَابِهَا" ".

Hadith.4210 - It is narrated by Yunus ibn Ya'qub from Abu Maryam, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as), regarding the young goat that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, passed by and it was dead. And He (sw) said: "What harm would it have been to its owners if they had benefited from its hide?" Then Abu Abdullah (as), said: "It was not dead, O Abu Maryam, but it was emaciated, so its owners slaughtered it and then threw it away. The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: 'What harm would it have been to its owners if they had benefited from its hide?'"

4211 - وَ سَأَلَ سَعِيدٌ اَلْأَعْرَجُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ قِدْرٍ فِيهَا لَحْمُ جَزُورٍ وَقَعَ فِيهَا أُوقِيَّةٌ مِنْ دَمٍ أَ يُؤْكَلُ مِنْهَا قَالَ "نَعَمْ فَإِنَّ اَلنَّارَ تَأْكُلُ اَلدَّمَ".

Hadith.4211 - Sa'eed Al-A'raj asked Abu Abdullah (as), about a pot containing camel meat into which an ounce of blood had fallen. Imam (as) said: "Yes, it can be eaten because the fire consumes the blood."

4212 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْإِنْفَحَةِ تَخْرُجُ مِنَ اَلْجَدْيِ اَلْمَيِّتِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" قُلْتُ اَللَّبَنُ يَكُونُ فِي ضَرْعِ اَلشَّاةِ وَ قَدْ مَاتَتْ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" قُلْتُ فَالصُّوفُ وَ اَلشَّعْرُ وَ عِظَامُ اَلْفِيلِ وَ اَلْبَيْضَةُ تُخْرَجُ مِنَ اَلدَّجَاجَةِ فَقَالَ "كُلُّ هَذَا ذَكِيٌّ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.4212 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Ri'ab, from Zurara, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about the rennet (infaha) that comes out of a dead kid (young goat). Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." I asked about the milk that is in the udder of a sheep that has died. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." I asked about wool, hair, elephant bones, and an egg that is taken from a hen. Imam (as) said: "All of these are pure and lawful; there is no harm in them."

4213 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلْعَظِيمِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْحَسَنِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَمَّا أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ اَللَّهِ بِهِ فَقَالَ "مَا ذُبِحَ لِصَنَمٍ أَوْ وَثَنٍ أَوْ شَجَرٍ حَرَّمَ اَللَّهُ ذَلِكَ كَمَا حَرَّمَ اَلْمَيْتَةَ وَ اَلدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ اَلْخِنْزِيرِ "فَمَنِ اُضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ بٰاغٍ وَ لاٰ عٰادٍ فَلاٰ إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ" أَنْ يَأْكُلَ اَلْمَيْتَةَ" قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا اِبْنَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ مَتَى تَحِلُّ لِلْمُضْطَرِّ اَلْمَيْتَةُ قَالَ "حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ سُئِلَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ إِنَّا نَكُونُ بِأَرْضٍ فَتُصِيبُنَا اَلْمَخْمَصَةُ فَمَتَى تَحِلُّ لَنَا اَلْمَيْتَةُ قَالَ "مَا لَمْ تَصْطَبِحُوا أَوْ تَغْتَبِقُوا أَوْ تَحْتَفِئُوا بَقْلاً فَشَأْنَكُمْ بِهَا ، " " قَالَ عَبْدُ اَلْعَظِيمِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا اِبْنَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ مَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ فَمَنِ اُضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ بٰاغٍ وَ لاٰ عٰادٍ فَلاٰ إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ ۝ قَالَ "اَلْعَادِي اَلسَّارِقُ وَ اَلْبَاغِي اَلَّذِي يَبْغِي اَلصَّيْدَ بَطَراً أَوْ لَهْواً لاَ لِيَعُودَ بِهِ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ لَيْسَ لَهُمَا أَنْ يَأْكُلاَ اَلْمَيْتَةَ إِذَا اُضْطُرَّا هِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْهِمَا فِي حَالِ اَلاِضْطِرَارِ كَمَا هِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْهِمَا فِي حَالِ اَلاِخْتِيَارِ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُمَا أَنْ يُقَصِّرَا فِي صَوْمٍ وَ لاَ صَلاَةٍ فِي سَفَرٍ " قَالَ فَقُلْتُ فَقَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:۝ اَلْمُنْخَنِقَةُ وَ اَلْمَوْقُوذَةُ وَ اَلْمُتَرَدِّيَةُ وَ اَلنَّطِيحَةُ وَ مٰا أَكَلَ اَلسَّبُعُ إِلاّٰ مٰا ذَكَّيْتُمْ۝ قَالَ " "اَلْمُنْخَنِقَةُ" اَلَّتِي اِنْخَنَقَتْ بِأَخْنَاقِهَا حَتَّى تَمُوتَ "وَ اَلْمَوْقُوذَةُ" اَلَّتِي مَرِضَتْ وَ قَذَفَهَا اَلْمَرَضُ حَتَّى لَمْ يَكُنْ بِهَا حَرَكَةٌ "وَ اَلْمُتَرَدِّيَةُ" اَلَّتِي تَتَرَدَّى مِنْ مَكَانٍ مُرْتَفِعٍ إِلَى أَسْفَلَ أَوْ تَتَرَدَّى مِنْ جَبَلٍ أَوْ فِي بِئْرٍ فَتَمُوتُ "وَ اَلنَّطِيحَةُ" اَلَّتِي تَنْطَحُهَا بَهِيمَةٌ أُخْرَى فَتَمُوتُ "وَ مٰا أَكَلَ اَلسَّبُعُ" مِنْهُ فَمَاتَ "وَ مٰا ذُبِحَ عَلَى اَلنُّصُبِ" عَلَى حَجَرٍ أَوْ صَنَمٍ إِلاَّ مَا أُدْرِكَ ذَكَاتُهُ فَيُذَكَّى " قُلْتُ "وَ أَنْ تَسْتَقْسِمُوا بِالْأَزْلاٰمِ" قَالَ "كَانُوا فِي اَلْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَشْتَرُونَ بَعِيراً فِيمَا بَيْنَ عَشَرَةِ أَنْفُسٍ وَ يَسْتَقْسِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْقِدَاحِ وَ كَانَتْ عَشَرَةً سَبْعَةٌ لَهَا أَنْصِبَاءُ وَ ثَلاَثَةٌ لاَ أَنْصِبَاءَ لَهَا أَمَّا اَلَّتِي لَهَا أَنْصِبَاءُ فَالْفَذُّ وَ اَلتَّوْأَمُ وَ اَلنَّافِسُ وَ اَلْحِلْسُ وَ اَلْمُسْبِلُ وَ اَلْمُعَلَّى وَ اَلرَّقِيبُ وَ أَمَّا اَلَّتِي لاَ أَنْصِبَاءَ لَهَا فَالسَّفِيحُ وَ اَلْمَنِيحُ وَ اَلْوَغْدُ فَكَانُوا يُجِيلُونَ اَلسِّهَامَ بَيْنَ عَشَرَةٍ فَمَنْ خَرَجَ بِاسْمِهِ سَهْمٌ مِنَ اَلَّتِي لاَ أَنْصِبَاءَ لَهَا أُلْزِمَ ثُلُثَ ثَمَنِ اَلْبَعِيرِ فَلاَ يَزَالُونَ بِذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَقَعَ اَلسِّهَامُ اَلثَّلاَثَةُ اَلَّتِي لاَ أَنْصِبَاءَ لَهَا إِلَى ثَلاَثَةٍ مِنْهُمْ فَيُلْزِمُونَهُمْ ثَمَنَ اَلْبَعِيرِ ثُمَّ يَنْحَرُونَهُ وَ يَأْكُلُهُ اَلسَّبْعَةُ اَلَّذِينَ لَمْ يَنْقُدُوا فِي ثَمَنِهِ شَيْئاً وَ لَمْ يَطْعَمُوا مِنْهُ اَلثَّلاَثَةَ اَلَّذِينَ نَقَدُوا ثَمَنَهُ شَيْئاً فَلَمَّا جَاءَ اَلْإِسْلاَمُ حَرَّمَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ ذَلِكَ فِيمَا حَرَّمَ فَقَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ وَ أَنْ تَسْتَقْسِمُوا بِالْأَزْلاٰمِ ذٰلِكُمْ فِسْقٌ" يَعْنِي حَرَاماً ۝.

Hadith.4213 - Abdul Azim ibn Abdullah al-Hasani narrated from Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ali al-Ridha (as), peace be upon him: I asked Imam (as) about what has been sacrificed for other than Allah (swt). Imam (as) said: "Whatever is slaughtered for an idol, a statue, or a tree, Allah (swt) has forbidden it, just as He (swt) has forbidden carrion, blood, and the flesh of swine. 'But if one is forced by necessity, without willful disobedience nor transgressing due limits, then there is no sin upon him' to eat from the carrion." I then asked Imam (as): "O son of the Messenger of Allah (swt), when does carrion become permissible for one who is compelled by necessity?" Imam (as) said: "My father (as) narrated to me from his father (as), from his forefathers, peace be upon them all, that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, was asked: 'O Messenger of Allah (swt), we may find ourselves in a land where we are struck by severe hunger. When does carrion become lawful for us?' Prophet (sw) said: 'As long as you have not had a morning or evening meal, or found herbs to sustain yourselves, then you may consume it.'" Abdul Azim said: I asked Imam (as): "O son of the Messenger of Allah (swt), what is the meaning of Allah's (swt) statement: 'But whoever is forced by necessity, neither desiring it nor transgressing its limits, then there is no sin upon him' (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:173) Imam (as) said: "The 'transgressor' (al-ʿadi) is the thief, and the 'oppressor' (al-baghi) is the one who hunts out of arrogance or for amusement, not to provide sustenance for his dependents. Neither of these two is permitted to eat carrion in a state of necessity. It remains forbidden for them in times of necessity just as it is forbidden in times of ease. Likewise, they are not allowed to shorten their prayers or fasts during travel." I then asked Imam (as) about Allah's (swt) statement: 'And (forbidden to you is) that which dies by strangling, and that beaten to death, and that which dies from falling, and that which is gored, and that which a wild beast has eaten-except what you are able to slaughter properly.' (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:3) Imam (as) said: "'The strangled' (al-mun-khaniqah) is that which dies by suffocation; 'the beaten' (al-mawqoodah) is that which falls ill and perishes from its illness, showing no movement; 'the fallen' (al-mutaraddiyah) is that which falls from a high place to a lower one, such as from a mountain or into a well, and dies; 'the gored' (al-natiḥah) is that which is gored by another animal and dies; and 'that which a wild beast has eaten' is what has been attacked by a predator and then dies. 'That which is slaughtered on altars' (al-nusub) refers to what is sacrificed on a stone or idol. However, if any of these are caught while still alive and slaughtered properly (zakat), then it is permissible." I then asked about Allah's (swt) statement: 'And (forbidden is) that you seek division by arrows.' (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:3) Imam (as) said: "During the pre-Islamic era (Jahiliyyah), people used to buy a camel collectively, shared among ten individuals. They would then divide its shares using arrows. There were ten arrows, seven with shares and three without shares. As for those with shares, they were: 'al-Fadh' (the single), 'al-Taw'am' (the twin), 'al-Nafis' (the valuable), 'al-Hils' (the covering), 'al-Musbil' (the extended), 'al-Mu'alla' (the elevated), and 'al-Raqib' (the watcher). Those without shares were: 'al-Safih' (the wasteful), 'al-Manih' (the granted), and 'al-Waghd' (the despicable). They would cast lots among the ten participants. Whoever's name came up with one of the three arrows without shares had to pay one-third of the camel's price. They would continue this process until the three arrows without shares fell to three individuals, obliging them to pay for the camel. Then they would slaughter the camel, and the seven who paid nothing would eat from it, while the three who paid for it would neither eat from it nor benefit in any way. When Islam came, Allah (swt) Almighty prohibited this practice as part of what He (swt) forbade. Allah (swt) said: 'And (forbidden is) that you seek division through arrows. That is disobedience.' (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:3) This means it is unlawful."

4214 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنِ اُضْطُرَّ إِلَى اَلْمَيْتَةِ وَ اَلدَّمِ وَ لَحْمِ اَلْخِنْزِيرِ فَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ شَيْئاً مِنْ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ"

Hadith.4214 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever is compelled by necessity to eat from a dead animal, blood, or the flesh of a pig, yet refrains from eating any of it until he dies, then he is considered a disbeliever."

4215 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُذَافِرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ لِمَ حَرَّمَ اَللَّهُ اَلْخَمْرَ وَ اَلْمَيْتَةَ وَ اَلدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ اَلْخِنْزِيرِ فَقَالَ "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يُحَرِّمْ ذَلِكَ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ وَ أَحَلَّ لَهُمْ مَا وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَغْبَةٍ فِيمَا أَحَلَّ لَهُمْ وَ لاَ زُهْدٍ فِيمَا حَرَّمَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لَكِنَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ اَلْخَلْقَ فَعَلِمَ مَا تَقُومُ بِهِ أَبْدَانُهُمْ وَ مَا يُصْلِحُهُمْ فَأَحَلَّهُ لَهُمْ وَ أَبَاحَهُ لَهُمْ وَ عَلِمَ مَا يَضُرُّهُمْ فَنَهَاهُمْ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ أَحَلَّهُ لِلْمُضْطَرِّ فِي اَلْوَقْتِ اَلَّذِي لاَ يَقُومُ بَدَنُهُ إِلاَّ بِهِ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَنَالَ مِنْهُ بِقَدْرِ اَلْبُلْغَةِ لاَ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ " ثُمَّ قَالَ "وَ أَمَّا اَلْمَيْتَةُ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَنَلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهَا إِلاَّ ضَعُفَ بَدَنُهُ وَ وَهَنَتْ قُوَّتُهُ وَ اِنْقَطَعَ نَسْلُهُ وَ لاَ يَمُوتُ آكِلُ اَلْمَيْتَةِ إِلاَّ فَجْأَةً وَ أَمَّا اَلدَّمُ فَإِنَّهُ يُورِثُ آكِلَهُ اَلْمَاءَ اَلْأَصْفَرَ وَ يُورِثُ اَلْكَلَبَ وَ قَسَاوَةَ اَلْقَلْبِ وَ قِلَّةَ اَلرَّأْفَةِ وَ اَلرَّحْمَةِ حَتَّى لاَ يُؤْمَنَ عَلَى حَمِيمِهِ وَ لاَ يُؤْمَنَ عَلَى مَنْ صَحِبَهُ وَ أَمَّا لَحْمُ اَلْخِنْزِيرِ فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مَسَخَ قَوْماً فِي صُوَرٍ شَتَّى مِثْلَ اَلْخِنْزِيرِ وَ اَلْقِرْدِ وَ اَلدُّبِّ ثُمَّ نَهَى عَنْ أَكْلِ اَلْمَثُلَةِ لِئَلاَّ يُنْتَفَعَ بِهَا وَ لاَ يُسْتَخَفَّ بِعُقُوبَتِهَا وَ أَمَّا اَلْخَمْرُ فَإِنَّهُ حَرَّمَهَا لِفِعْلِهَا وَ فَسَادِهَا" ثُمَّ قَالَ "إِنَّ مُدْمِنَ اَلْخَمْرِ كَعَابِدِ وَثَنٍ وَ يُورِثُهُ اَلاِرْتِعَاشَ وَ يَهْدِمُ مُرُوءَتَهُ وَ يَحْمِلُهُ عَلَى أَنْ يَجْسُرَ عَلَى اَلْمَحَارِمِ مِنْ سَفْكِ اَلدِّمَاءِ وَ رُكُوبِ اَلزِّنَا حَتَّى لاَ يُؤْمَنَ إِذَا سَكِرَ أَنْ يَثِبَ عَلَى حَرَمِهِ وَ هُوَ لاَ يَعْقِلُ ذَلِكَ وَ اَلْخَمْرُ لاَ يَزِيدُ شَارِبَهَا إِلاَّ كُلَّ شَرٍّ ".

Hadith.4215 - Muhammad ibn 'Udhafir narrated from his father, who narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): I asked Imam (as): "Why did Allah (swt) make wine, dead meat, blood, and the flesh of pigs forbidden?" Imam (as) replied: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, did not forbid these things to His servants while permitting everything else out of mere preference for what He (swt) made lawful or out of disdain for what He (swt) forbade. Rather, Allah (swt) created the creatures and knew what sustains their bodies and what benefits them, so He (swt) made it lawful for them and permitted it. And He (swt) knew what harms them, so He (swt) prohibited it for them. However, He (swt) made it lawful for one in necessity during a time when his body cannot survive without it, and He (swt) commanded him to take from it only as much as is necessary, and no more." Then Imam (as) said: "As for carrion (dead meat), no one who consumes it experiences anything but a weakened body, diminished strength, and interrupted offspring. The one who eats carrion does not die except suddenly. As for blood, it causes the one who consumes it to develop jaundice, wild behavior, and hardness of the heart, along with a lack of compassion and mercy. Such a person cannot be trusted with his close ones or those who accompany him. As for flesh of pigs, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, transformed some people into various forms, such as pigs, apes, and bears. Then He (swt) forbade the consumption of these deformed beings so that no benefit would be derived from them, and their punishment would not be taken lightly. As for wine, He (swt) forbade it due to its effects and its corruption." Then Imam (as) said: "Indeed, a habitual drinker of wine is like an idol worshipper. It causes trembling, destroys one's dignity, and drives one to commit forbidden acts, such as spilling blood and engaging in fornication. When intoxicated, he cannot be trusted even with his own household, as he loses his senses. Wine increases its drinker in nothing but evil."

4216 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "فِي اَلشَّاةِ عَشَرَةُ أَشْيَاءَ لاَ تُؤْكَلُ اَلْفَرْثُ وَ اَلدَّمُ وَ اَلنُّخَاعُ وَ اَلطِّحَالُ وَ اَلْغُدَدُ وَ اَلْقَضِيبُ وَ اَلْأُنْثَيَانِ وَ اَلرَّحِمُ وَ اَلْحَيَاءُ وَ اَلْأَوْدَاجُ ".

Hadith.4216 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), said: "In a sheep, there are ten parts that are not to be eaten: the dung, the blood, the spinal marrow, the spleen, the glands, the penis, the testicles, the uterus, the vulva, and the veins (jugulars)."

4217 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "عَشَرَةُ أَشْيَاءَ مِنَ اَلْمَيْتَةِ ذَكِيَّةٌ اَلْقَرْنُ وَ اَلْحَافِرُ وَ اَلْعَظْمُ وَ اَلسِّنُّ وَ اَلْإِنْفَحَةُ وَ اَللَّبَنُ وَ اَلشَّعْرُ وَ اَلصُّوفُ وَ اَلرِّيشُ وَ اَلْبَيْضُ".

Hadith.4217 - Imam (as) said: "Ten things from a dead animal are considered pure: the horn, the hoof, the bone, the tooth, the rennet, the milk, the hair, the wool, the feathers, and the eggs."

4218 - وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ وَ طَعٰامُ اَلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا اَلْكِتٰابَ حِلٌّ لَكُمْ ۝ قَالَ "يَعْنِي اَلْحُبُوبَ".

Hadith.4218 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "And the food of those who were given the Scripture is lawful for you" (Surah Al-Ma'idah, 5:5). Imam (as) said: "It means grains."

4219 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "اَلْعَدَسُ وَ اَلْحِمَّصُ وَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.4219 - And in the narration of Hisham ibn Salim from Imam (as) that He (as) said: "Lentils, chickpeas, and other similar items."

4220 - وَ - سَأَلَهُ سَعِيدٌ اَلْأَعْرَجُ : عَنْ سُؤْرِ اَلْيَهُودِيِّ وَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيِّ أَ يُؤْكَلُ أَوْ يُشْرَبُ قَالَ "لاَ".

Hadith.4220 - Sa'id al-A'raj asked Imam (as) about the leftover (drink or food) of a Jew or a Christian: "Is it permissible to eat or drink from it?" Imam (as) said: "No."

4221 - وَ رَوَى زُرَارَةُ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "فِي آنِيَةِ اَلْمَجُوسِ إِذَا اُضْطُرِرْتُمْ إِلَيْهَا فَاغْسِلُوهَا بِالْمَاءِ".

Hadith.4221 - And Zurara narrated from Imam (as), that He (as) said: "Regarding the vessels of the Magians, if you are compelled to use them, then wash them with water."

4222 - وَ سَأَلَهُ اَلْعِيصُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ : عَنْ مُؤَاكَلَةِ اَلْيَهُودِيِّ وَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيِّ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامِكَ" وَ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ مُؤَاكَلَةِ اَلْمَجُوسِيِّ فَقَالَ "إِذَا تَوَضَّأَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4222 - And Al-'Ays ibn Al-Qasim asked Imam (as): "Regarding eating with a Jew or a Christian?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if it is from your food." And he asked Imam (as) about eating with a Magian. Imam (as) said: "If he performs ablution, then there is no harm."

4223 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ آنِيَةِ أَهْلِ اَلذِّمَّةِ فَقَالَ "لاَ تَأْكُلُوا فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ إِذَا كَانُوا يَأْكُلُونَ فِيهَا اَلْمَيْتَةَ وَ اَلدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ اَلْخِنْزِيرِ".

Hadith.4223 - And Al-Ala' narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim from one of the Imams, peace be upon them, who said: "I asked him about the vessels of the People of the Book." Imam (as) said: "Do not eat in their vessels if they eat in them the dead (carrion), blood, or the flesh of swine."

4224 - وَ رَوَى حَنَانُ بْنُ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ بُرْدٍ اَلْإِسْكَافِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ خَرَّازٌ وَ لاَ يَسْتَقِيمُ عَمَلُنَا إِلاَّ بِشَعْرِ اَلْخِنْزِيرِ نَخْرُزُ بِهِ قَالَ "خُذْ مِنْهُ وَبَرَةً فَاجْعَلْهَا فِي فَخَّارَةٍ ثُمَّ أَوْقِدْ تَحْتَهَا حَتَّى تُذْهِبَ دَسَمَهُ ثُمَّ اِعْمَلْ بِهِ".

Hadith.4224 - And Hanan ibn Sadeer narrated from Burd al-Iskafi who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): 'I am a shoemaker, and our work cannot be done without using pig hair to sew with.' Imam (as) said: 'Take a single bristle from it and place it in a clay pot, then light a fire underneath it until its grease is removed. After that, you may work with it.'"

4225 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ بُرْدٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّا نَعْمَلُ بِشَعْرِ اَلْخِنْزِيرِ فَرُبَّمَا نَسِيَ اَلرَّجُلُ فَصَلَّى وَ فِي يَدِهِ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ "لاَ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ وَ فِي يَدِهِ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ" وَ قَالَ "خُذُوهُ فَاغْسِلُوهُ فَمَا كَانَ لَهُ دَسَمٌ فَلاَ تَعْمَلُوا بِهِ وَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ دَسَمٌ فَاعْمَلُوا بِهِ وَ اِغْسِلُوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ مِنْهُ".

Hadith.4225 - And in the narration of Abdullah ibn al-Mughirah from Burd, he said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): 'May I be your ransom! We work with pig hair, and sometimes a man forgets and prays while having something of it in his hand.' Imam (as) said: 'It is not proper for him to pray while having something of it in his hand.' And Imam (as) also said: 'Take it and wash it. If it has grease, do not use it. But if it does not have grease, then you may use it, and wash your hands after handling it.'"

4226 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَارِدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ يَكُونُ لَهُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ عَنْزٌ حَلُوبٌ إِلاَّ قُدِّسَ أَهْلُ ذَلِكَ اَلْمَنْزِلِ وَ بُورِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِنْ كَانَتِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ قُدِّسُوا كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ" فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا كَيْفَ يُقَدَّسُونَ قَالَ "يُقَالُ لَهُمْ بُورِكَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ طِبْتُمْ وَ طَابَ إِدَامُكُمْ" قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا مَعْنَى قُدِّسْتُمْ قَالَ "طُهِّرْتُمْ".

Hadith.4226 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Muhammad ibn Marid, who said: "I heard Abu Abdullah (as), say: 'There is no believer who has a milking goat in his house except that the people of that house are sanctified and blessed. If there are two goats, they are sanctified twice each day.' A man from our companions then asked: 'How are they sanctified?' Imam (as) replied: 'It is said to them: Blessed are you, and may your food be pure and wholesome.' I said: 'What is the meaning of being sanctified?' Imam (as) said: 'It means you are purified.'"

4227 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَلَوَاتُ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ : "اِتَّقُوا اَللَّهَ فِيمَا خَوَّلَكُمْ وَ فِي اَلْعُجْمِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِكُمْ" فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَ مَا اَلْعُجْمُ قَالَ "اَلشَّاةُ وَ اَلْبَقَرَةُ وَ اَلْحَمَامُ وَ أَشْبَاهُ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.4227 - Commander of the Faithful, Ali ibn Abi Talib, peace be upon him, said: "Fear Allah (swt) regarding what He (swt) has entrusted to you, and regarding the 'Ajm' among your possessions." Imam (as) was asked: "What is meant by 'Ajm'?" Imam (as) replied: "It refers to sheep, cattle, pigeons, and similar animals."

4228 - وَ شَكَا رَجُلٌ إِلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلْوَحْشَةَ فَأَمَرَهُ بِاتِّخَاذِ زَوْجِ حَمَامٍ".

Hadith.4228 - A man complained to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, about feeling lonely. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, instructed him: "Keep a pair of pigeons."

4229 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ حَفِيفَ أَجْنِحَةِ اَلْحَمَامِ لَيَطْرُدُ اَلشَّيَاطِينَ ".

Hadith.4229 - Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said: "Indeed, the fluttering of pigeons' wings drives away the devils."

4230 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ صَنَعَ لَنَا أَبُو حَمْزَةَ طَعَاماً وَ نَحْنُ جَمَاعَةٌ فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوا رَأَى أَبُو حَمْزَةَ رَجُلاً يَنْهَكُ عَظْماً فَصَاحَ بِهِ وَ قَالَ لاَ تَفْعَلْ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "لاَ تَنْهَكُوا اَلْعِظَامَ فَإِنَّ لِلْجِنِّ فِيهَا نَصِيباً فَإِنْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَهَبَ مِنَ اَلْبَيْتِ مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.4230 - It is narrated from Ali ibn Asbat, from his father, who said: "Abu Hamzah prepared food for us while we were a group. When the food was served, Abu Hamzah noticed a man excessively gnawing on a bone. He shouted at him and said: 'Do not do that! For I heard Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) say: 'Do not excessively gnaw on bones, for the jinn have a share in them. And if you do so, something better for you than that will depart from your house.'"

4231 - وَ قِيلَ لِلصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَيُبْغِضُ اَلْبَيْتَ اَللَّحِمَ وَ اَللَّحِمَ اَلسَّمِينَ" فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنَّا لَنَأْكُلُ اَللَّحْمَ وَ نُحِبُّهُ وَ إِنَّمَا عَنَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلْبَيْتَ اَلَّذِي تُؤْكَلُ فِيهِ لُحُومُ اَلنَّاسِ بِالْغِيبَةِ وَ عَنَى بِاللَّحِمِ اَلسَّمِينِ اَلْمُتَبَخْتِرَ اَلْمُخْتَالَ فِي مِشْيَتِهِ".

Hadith.4231 - It was said to Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "We have heard that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: 'Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, despises the house filled with meat and the fattened meat.'" So Imam (as) replied: "We eat meat and love it. What the Prophet, peace be upon him, meant was the house where the flesh of people is consumed through backbiting. And by 'fattened meat,' he meant the one who is arrogant and boastful in his walk."

4232 - وَ رَوَى حَرِيزٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ نَهَى أَنْ يُؤْكَلَ اَللَّحْمُ غَرِيضاً يَعْنِي نِيئاً وَ قَالَ "إِنَّمَا تَأْكُلُهُ اَلسِّبَاعُ" " قَالَ حَرِيزٌ يَعْنِي حَتَّى تُغَيِّرَهُ اَلشَّمْسُ أَوِ اَلنَّارُ.

Hadith.4232 - Hariz narrated from Zurara, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that the Messenger of Allah (swt) prohibited eating meat raw, meaning uncooked. The Prophet (sw) said: "It is only eaten by wild beasts." Hariz said: "This means until it is altered by the sun or fire."

4233 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ يُؤْكَلُ مِنَ اَلْغِرْبَانِ زَاغٌ وَ لاَ غَيْرُهُ وَ لاَ يُؤْكَلُ مِنَ اَلْحَيَّاتِ شَيْءٌ".

Hadith.4233 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "No type of crow, whether a 'Zagh' or any other kind, is permissible to eat, and nothing from snakes is permissible to eat."

4234 - وَ سَأَلَ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ قَتْلِ اَلْحَيَّاتِ فَقَالَ "اُقْتُلْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ تَجِدُهُ فِي اَلْبَرِّيَّةِ إِلاَّ اَلْجَانَّ " وَ نَهَى عَنْ قَتْلِ عَوَامِرِ اَلْبُيُوتِ وَ قَالَ "لاَ تَدَعُوهُنَّ مَخَافَةَ تَبِعَاتِهِنَّ فَإِنَّ اَلْيَهُودَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَتْ مَنْ قَتَلَ عَامِرَ بَيْتٍ أَصَابَهُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "مَنْ تَرَكَهُنَّ مَخَافَةَ تَبِعَاتِهِنَّ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي وَ إِنَّمَا تَتْرُكُهَا لِأَنَّهَا لاَ تُرِيدُكَ" " وَ قَالَ "رُبَّمَا قَتَلْتُهُنَّ فِي بُيُوتِهِنَّ".

Hadith.4234 - Al-Halabi asked Abu Abdullah (as) about killing snakes. Imam (as) said: "Kill everything you find in the wilderness except the jinn." And he forbade killing the household spirits (ʿAwamir) and said: "Do not leave them out of fear of their consequences, for the Jews during the time of the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, used to say that whoever killed a household spirit would suffer such-and-such misfortune." Then the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said: "Whoever refrains from killing them out of fear of their consequences is not from me. Rather, leave them alone because they do not intend to harm you." Imam (as) also said: "I sometimes killed them in their houses."

4235 - وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ اَلْوَاسِطِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ : "اَللَّحْمُ يُنْبِتُ اَللَّحْمَ وَ اَلسَّمَكُ يُذِيبُ اَلْجَسَدَ وَ اَلدُّبَّاءُ يَزِيدُ فِي اَلدِّمَاغِ وَ كَثْرَةُ أَكْلِ اَلْبَيْضِ يَزِيدُ فِي اَلْوَلَدِ وَ مَا اِسْتَشْفَى مَرِيضٌ بِمِثْلِ اَلْعَسَلِ وَ مَنْ أَدْخَلَ جَوْفَهُ لُقْمَةَ شَحْمٍ أَخْرَجَتْ مِثْلَهَا مِنَ اَلدَّاءِ".

Hadith.4235 - Musa ibn Bakr al-Wasiti narrated from Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) that he said: "Meat nourishes the flesh, and fish melts the body. Gourd increases intelligence, and eating eggs frequently increases offspring. No sick person has sought healing with anything better than honey. And whoever consumes a morsel of fat expels an equal amount of illness from his body."

4236 - رَوَى سَمَاعَةُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يَنْبَغِي اَلشُّرْبُ فِي آنِيَةِ اَلْفِضَّةِ وَ اَلذَّهَبِ".

Hadith.4236 - Sama'ah narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "It is not proper to drink from vessels made of silver and gold."

4237 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ تَأْكُلْ فِي آنِيَةِ ذَهَبٍ وَ لاَ فِضَّةٍ".

Hadith.4237 - Aban narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "Do not eat from vessels made of gold or silver."

4238 - وَ رَوَى ثَعْلَبَةُ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ اَلْعِجْلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَنَّهُ كَرِهَ اَلشُّرْبَ فِي اَلْفِضَّةِ وَ فِي اَلْقَدَحِ اَلْمُفَضَّضِ وَ كَرِهَ أَنْ يُدَّهَنَ مِنْ مُدْهُنٍ مُفَضَّضٍ وَ اَلْمُشْطُ كَذَلِكَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ بُدّاً مِنَ اَلشُّرْبِ فِي اَلْقَدَحِ اَلْمُفَضَّضِ عَدَلَ بِفَمِهِ عَنْ مَوْضِعِ اَلْفِضَّةِ ".

Hadith.4238 - Thalabah narrated from Burayd al-Ijli, from Abu Abdullah (as): "Imam (as) disliked drinking from silver vessels and from cups plated with silver. Imam (as) also disliked applying oil from a silver-plated container and using a comb that is silver-plated. However, if one has no choice but to drink from a silver-plated cup, he should turn his mouth away from the part that is plated with silver."

4239 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "آنِيَةُ اَلذَّهَبِ وَ اَلْفِضَّةِ مَتَاعُ "اَلَّذِينَ لاٰ يُوقِنُونَ" ".

Hadith.4239 - The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "Vessels of gold and silver are the possessions of those who do not have certainty (in faith)."

4240 - وَ رَوَى يُونُسُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ يُوسُفَ أَخِيهِ : أَنَّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اِسْتَسْقَى مَاءً فَأُتِيَ بِقَدَحٍ مِنْ صُفْرٍ فِيهِ مَاءٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ جُلَسَائِهِ إِنَّ عَبَّادَ اَلْبَصْرِيَّ يَكْرَهُ اَلشُّرْبَ فِي اَلصُّفْرِ قَالَ "فَسَلْهُ أَ ذَهَبٌ هُوَ أَمْ فِضَّةٌ".

Hadith.4240 - Yunus bin Yaqub narrated from his brother Yusuf: Abu Abdullah (as), once asked for water, and a vessel made of brass containing water was brought to him. One of those sitting with him said: "'Abbad al-Basri dislikes drinking from brass vessels." Imam (as) said: "Then ask him, is it gold or silver?"

4241 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ جَرَّاحٍ اَلْمَدَائِنِيِّ قَالَ : كَرِهَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ اَلرَّجُلُ بِشِمَالِهِ أَوْ يَشْرَبَ بِهَا أَوْ يَتَنَاوَلَ بِهَا.

Hadith.4241 - It is narrated from Jarrah Al-Mada'ini: Abu Abdullah (as), disliked that a man should eat with his left hand, drink with it, or take anything with it.

4242 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "كَانَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِتَبُوكَ يَعُبُّونَ اَلْمَاءَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "اِشْرَبُوا فِي أَيْدِيكُمْ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ خَيْرِ آنِيَتِكُمْ" ".

Hadith.4242 - It is narrated by Abdullah bin Maymoon, from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): The companions of the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, were drinking water in large gulps at Tabuk. So the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said: "Drink with your hands, for they are among the best of your vessels."

4243 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "شُرْبُ اَلْمَاءِ مِنْ قِيَامٍ بِالنَّهَارِ أَدَرُّ لِلْعِرْقِ وَ أَقْوَى لِلْبَدَنِ".

Hadith.4243 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), said: "Drinking water while standing during the day increases perspiration and strengthens the body."

4244 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "شُرْبُ اَلْمَاءِ بِاللَّيْلِ مِنْ قِيَامٍ يُورِثُ اَلْمَاءَ اَلْأَصْفَرَ".

Hadith.4244 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), said: "Drinking water while standing at night causes yellow water (jaundice)."

4245 - و سَأَلَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ : عَنِ اَلشُّرْبِ بِنَفَسٍ وَاحِدٍ فَقَالَ "إِذَا كَانَ اَلَّذِي يُنَاوِلُكَ اَلْمَاءَ مَمْلُوكاً لَكَ فَاشْرَبْ فِي ثَلاَثَةِ أَنْفَاسٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَ حُرّاً فَاشْرَبْهُ بِنَفَسٍ وَاحِدٍ".

Hadith.4245 - One of his companions asked him about drinking water in a single breath. Imam (as) said: "If the person handing you the water is your servant, then drink it in three breaths; but if he is free, then drink it in a single breath."

4246 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "ثَلاَثَةُ أَنْفَاسٍ فِي اَلشُّرْبِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ شُرْبٍ بِنَفَسٍ وَاحِدٍ" وَ كَانَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُشَبَّهَ بِالْهِيمِ قُلْتُ وَ مَا اَلْهِيمُ قَالَ "اَلزِّمْلُ". وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ: اَلْإِبِلُ. وَ رُوِيَ: "أَنَّ اَلْهِيمَ اَلنِّيبُ". وَ رُوِيَ: "أَنَّ اَلْهِيمَ مَا "لَمْ يُذْكَرِ اِسْمُ اَللّٰهِ عَلَيْهِ" "

Hadith.4246 - In a narration by Hammad from Al-Halabi, Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), said: "Drinking in three breaths is better than drinking in one breath." Imam (as) disliked that a person should resemble 'Al-Heem.' I asked: "What is Al-Heem?" Imam (as) replied: "It refers to camels." In another narration, it states: "Al-Heem refers to thirsty camels." And it is also narrated: "Al-Heem refers to those upon whom the name of Allah (swt) has not been mentioned."

4247 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ تَأْكُلْ وَ أَنْتَ تَمْشِي إِلاَّ أَنْ تُضْطَرَّ إِلَى ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.4247 - Abdullah ibn Al-Mughirah narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, who reported from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), that he said: "Do not eat while you are walking unless you are compelled to do so."

4248 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي شُعْبَةَ قَالَ : رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَأْكُلُ مُتَّكِئاً ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ "مَا أَكَلَ مُتَّكِئاً حَتَّى مَاتَ".

Hadith.4248 - It is narrated from Umar ibn Abi Shu'bah who said: "I saw Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) eating while reclining. Then Imam (as) mentioned the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, and said: 'He never ate while reclining until he passed away.' "

4249 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي شُعْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي شُعْبَةَ : أَنَّهُ رَأَى أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَأْكُلُ مُتَرَبِّعاً.

Hadith.4249 - It is narrated from Hammad ibn Uthman, from Umar ibn Abi Shu'bah, from Abi Shu'bah: "He saw Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), eating while sitting cross-legged."

4250 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ : "إِذَا وُضِعَتِ اَلْمَائِدَةُ حَفَّهَا أَرْبَعَةُ أَمْلاَكٍ فَإِذَا قَالَ اَلْعَبْدُ بِسْمِ اَللَّهِ قَالَتِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ لِلشَّيْطَانِ اِخْزَ يَا فَاسِقُ فَلاَ سُلْطَانَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِذَا فَرَغُوا فَقَالُوا اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ قَالَتِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ هُمْ قَوْمٌ أَنْعَمَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَدَّوْا شُكْرَ رَبِّهِمْ فَإِذَا لَمْ يَقُولُوا بِسْمِ اَللَّهِ قَالَتِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ لِلشَّيْطَانِ اُدْنُ يَا فَاسِقُ فَكُلْ مَعَهُمْ فَإِذَا رُفِعَتْ فَلَمْ يَحْمَدُوا اَللَّهَ قَالَتِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ هُمْ قَوْمٌ أَنْعَمَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَنَسُوا رَبَّهُمْ".

Hadith.4250 - It is narrated by Isma'il ibn Abi Ziyad, from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "When the table (for food) is set, four angels surround it. If the servant says 'In the name of Allah (swt),' the angels say to Satan, 'Be gone, O wicked one, for you have no authority over them.' But if they finish eating and say 'Praise be to Allah (swt),' the angels say, 'They are a people whom Allah (swt) has blessed, and they have expressed gratitude to their Lord (azj).' However, if they do not say 'In the name of Allah (swt),' the angels say to Satan, 'Come closer, O wicked one, and eat with them.' And if they do not praise Allah (swt) when they finish, the angels say, 'They are a people whom Allah (swt) has blessed, but they forgot their Lord (azj).'"

4251 - وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "صَاحِبُ اَلرَّحْلِ يَشْرَبُ أَوَّلَ اَلْقَوْمِ وَ يَتَوَضَّأُ آخِرَهُمْ".

Hadith.4251 - The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "The owner of the provision will drink first among the people and performs ablution last among them."

4252 - وَ رَوَى سَمَاعَةُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ قَالَ : كُنْتُ آكُلُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ "يَا سَمَاعَةُ أَكْلاً وَ حَمْداً لاَ أَكْلاً وَ صَمْتاً".

Hadith.4252 - Sama'ah bin Mehran narrated: I was eating with Abu Abdullah (as), and Imam (as) said: "O Sama'ah, eat with gratitude and praise, not with eating and silence."

4253 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "ضَمِنْتُ لِمَنْ سَمَّى عَلَى طَعَامِهِ أَنْ لاَ يَشْتَكِيَ مِنْهُ" فَقَالَ اِبْنُ اَلْكَوَّاءِ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَقَدْ أَكَلْتُ اَلْبَارِحَةَ طَعَاماً فَسَمَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ آذَانِي فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَكَلْتَ أَلْوَاناً فَسَمَّيْتَ عَلَى بَعْضِهَا وَ لَمْ تُسَمِّ عَلَى بَعْضٍ يَا لُكَعُ". وَ رُوِيَ: "أَنَّ مَنْ نَسِيَ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ عَلَى كُلِّ لَوْنٍ فَلْيَقُلْ بِسْمِ اَللَّهِ عَلَى أَوَّلِهِ وَ آخِرِهِ ".

Hadith.4253 - Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said: "I guarantee that whoever mentions the name of Allah (swt) upon his food will not suffer any harm from it." Then Ibn al-Kawwa' said: "O Commander of the Faithful, I ate food last night, mentioned the name of Allah (swt) upon it, and yet it caused me discomfort." Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, replied: "You ate different types of food, but you mentioned the name of Allah (swt) on some and did not mention it on others, O foolish one!" It is also narrated: "Whoever forgets to mention the name of Allah (swt) on each type of food should say: 'In the name of Allah (swt), on its beginning and its end.'"

4254 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَا اِتَّخَمْتُ قَطُّ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنِّي لَمْ أَبْدَأْ بِطَعَامٍ إِلاَّ قُلْتُ: بِسْمِ اَللَّهِ وَ لَمْ أَفْرُغْ مِنْ طَعَامٍ إِلاَّ قُلْتُ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ".

Hadith.4254 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), said: "I have never suffered from indigestion, and that is because I never began eating any food without saying: 'In the name of Allah (swt),' and I never finished eating without saying: 'All praise is due to Allah (swt).'"

4255 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ اَلْبَطْنَ إِذَا شَبِعَ طَغَى".

Hadith.4255 - Imam (as) said: "Indeed, when the stomach is full, it becomes rebellious."

4256 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ قَيْسٍ اَلْمَاصِرِ قَالَ : دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ خِوَانٌ وَ هُوَ يَأْكُلُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا حَدُّ هَذَا اَلْخِوَانِ فَقَالَ "إِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فَسَمِّ اَللَّهَ وَ إِذَا رَفَعْتَهُ فَاحْمَدِ اَللَّهَ وَ قُمَّ مَا حَوْلَ اَلْخِوَانِ فَإِنَّ هَذَا حَدُّهُ" قَالَ فَالْتَفَتُّ فَإِذَا كُوزٌ مَوْضُوعٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا حَدُّ اَلْكُوزِ فَقَالَ "اِشْرَبْ مِمَّا يَلِي شَفَتَيْهِ وَ سَمِّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِذَا رَفَعْتَهُ عَنْ فِيكَ فَاحْمَدِ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ مَوْضِعَ اَلْعُرْوَةِ أَنْ تَشْرَبَ مِنْهَا فَإِنَّهَا مَقْعَدُ اَلشَّيْطَانِ فَهَذَا حَدُّهُ".

Hadith.4256 - Amr ibn Qays al-Masir narrated: I entered upon Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), in Medina, and there was a dining table before him, and Imam (as) was eating. I said to Imam (as): "What is the proper etiquette for this table?" Imam (as) replied: "When you place it, mention the name of Allah (swt), and when you remove it, praise Allah (swt). Clean up what is around the table, for this is its etiquette." He said: Then I turned, and there was a jug placed there. So I said to Imam (as), "What is the proper etiquette for the jug?" Imam (as) replied: "Drink from the side of its lip, and mention the name of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic. When you lift it from your mouth, praise Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic. Avoid drinking from the spot near the handle, for that is the seat of Satan. This is its etiquette."

4257 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْوَلِيدِ اَلْكِرْمَانِيِّ قَالَ : أَكَلْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ اَلثَّانِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغْتُ وَ رُفِعَ اَلْخِوَانُ ذَهَبَ اَلْغُلاَمُ يَرْفَعُ مَا وَقَعَ مِنْ فُتَاتِ اَلطَّعَامِ فَقَالَ لَهُ "مَا كَانَ فِي اَلصَّحْرَاءِ فَدَعْهُ وَ لَوْ فَخِذَ شَاةٍ وَ مَا كَانَ فِي اَلْبَيْتِ فَتَتَبَّعْهُ وَ اُلْقُطْهُ".

Hadith.4257 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Walid al-Kirmani: I ate in the presence of Abu Ja'far al-Thani Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Jawad (as). When I finished and the dining mat was lifted, a servant went to collect the crumbs of food that had fallen. Imam (as) said to him: "Whatever is in the open area, leave it even if it is the leg of a sheep, and whatever is inside the house, collect it and pick it up."

4258 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "إِنَّ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ يَبْدَءُونَ بِالْخَلِّ فِي أَوَّلِ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ يَخْتِمُونَ بِالْمِلْحِ وَ إِنَّا نَبْدَأُ بِالْمِلْحِ فِي أَوَّلِ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ نَخْتِمُ بِالْخَلِّ".

Hadith.4258 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), said: "Indeed, the Banu Umayyah begin their meals with vinegar and end them with salt. Whereas we begin our meals with salt and end them with vinegar."

4259 - وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اِبْدَءُوا بِالْمِلْحِ فِي أَوَّلِ اَلطَّعَامِ فَلَوْ عَلِمَ اَلنَّاسُ مَا فِي اَلْمِلْحِ لاَخْتَارُوهُ عَلَى اَلتِّرْيَاقِ اَلْمُجَرَّبِ".

Hadith.4259 - Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Begin with salt at the start of the meal, for if people knew what is in salt, they would prefer it over the tried remedy."

4260 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ قَالَ : رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَتَخَلَّلُ فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ "إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَ يَتَخَلَّلُ وَ هُوَ يُطَيِّبُ اَلْفَمَ".

Hadith.4260 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Wahb ibn Abd Rabbih who said: I saw Abu Abdillah (as) using a toothpick, so I looked at him. Imam (as) said: "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) used a toothpick, and it purifies the mouth."

4261 - وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ : "إِنَّ مِنْ حَقِّ اَلضَّيْفِ أَنْ يُعَدَّ لَهُ اَلْخِلاَلُ".

Hadith.4261 - And in another narration: "Indeed, it is from the rights of the guest that a toothpick is prepared for him."

4262 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَا أَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ لِسَانَكَ فَأَخْرَجْتَهُ فَابْلَعْهُ وَ مَا أَخْرَجْتَهُ بِالْخِلاَلِ فَارْمِ بِهِ".

Hadith.4262 - Imam (as) said: "Whatever you roll around with your tongue and remove, swallow it, and whatever you remove with a toothpick, discard it."

4263 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ اَلْجَمَّالُ عَنْ أَبِي غُرَّةَ اَلْخُرَاسَانِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلْوُضُوءُ قَبْلَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ بَعْدَهُ يَذْهَبَانِ بِالْفَقْرِ ".

Hadith.4263 - Safwan al-Jammal narrated from Abi Ghurrah al-Khurasani who said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Performing ablution before and after eating removes poverty."

4264 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَكْثُرَ خَيْرُ بَيْتِهِ فَلْيَتَوَضَّأْ عِنْدَ حُضُورِ طَعَامِهِ".

Hadith.4264 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever desires that the blessings of his house increase, let him perform ablution when food is brought."

4265 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ غَسَلَ يَدَهُ قَبْلَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ بَعْدَهُ عَاشَ فِي سَعَةٍ وَ عُوفِيَ مِنْ بَلْوَى فِي جَسَدِهِ".

Hadith.4265 - Imam (as) said: "Whoever washes his hands before and after eating will live in ease and will be protected from afflictions in his body."

4266 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ اَلثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا طَعِمَ قَالَ -: " اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ اَلَّذِي أَطْعَمَنَا وَ سَقَانَا وَ كَفَانَا وَ أَيَّدَنَا وَ آوَانَا وَ أَنْعَمَ عَلَيْنَا وَ أَفْضَلَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ اَلَّذِي "يُطْعِمُ وَ لاٰ يُطْعَمُ" ".

Hadith.4266 - It is narrated from Abu Hamzah al-Thumali, from Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as), that whenever he ate, Imam (as) would say: "All praise is due to Allah (swt), Who fed us, gave us drink, sufficed us, supported us, sheltered us, blessed us, and bestowed His favor upon us. All praise is due to Allah (swt), Who feeds and is not fed."

4267 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "نِعْمَ اَلْإِدَامُ اَلْخَلُّ مَا أَقْفَرَ بَيْتٌ فِيهِ خَلٌّ ".

Hadith.4267 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "What an excellent condiment vinegar is! A house that has vinegar will never be destitute."

4268 - وَ رَوَى شُعَيْبٌ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ : سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلثُّومِ وَ اَلْبَصَلِ وَ اَلْكُرَّاثِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَكْلِهِ نِيّاً وَ فِي اَلْقُدُورِ وَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُتَدَاوَى بِالثُّومِ وَ لَكِنْ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ فَلاَ يَخْرُجْ إِلَى اَلْمَسْجِدِ".

Hadith.4268 - Shu'ayb narrated from Abu Basir who said: Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about garlic, onions, and leeks. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in eating them raw or cooked in pots, and there is no harm in using garlic as a remedy. However, if one does so, let him not go to the mosque."

4269 - وَ رَوَى عُمَرُ بْنُ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلثُّومِ فَقَالَ "إِنَّمَا نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَنْهُ لِرِيحِهِ وَ قَالَ "مَنْ أَكَلَ هَذِهِ اَلْبَقْلَةَ اَلْخَبِيثَةَ فَلاَ يَقْرَبْ مَسْجِدَنَا فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَكَلَهُ وَ لَمْ يَأْتِ اَلْمَسْجِدَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ" ".

Hadith.4269 - Umar ibn Udhaynah narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: I asked him about garlic. Imam (as) said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) only forbade it because of its smell. Prophet (sw) said: 'Whoever eats this foul plant should not come near our mosque.' However, as for one who eats it and does not go to the mosque, there is no harm."

4270 - وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ اَلْكَرْخِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "فِي اَلْمَائِدَةِ اِثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ خَصْلَةً يَجِبُ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يَعْرِفَهَا أَرْبَعٌ مِنْهَا فَرْضٌ وَ أَرْبَعٌ سُنَّةٌ وَ أَرْبَعٌ تَأْدِيبٌ فَأَمَّا اَلْفَرْضُ فَالْمَعْرِفَةُ وَ اَلرِّضَا وَ اَلتَّسْمِيَةُ وَ اَلشُّكْرُ وَ أَمَّا اَلسُّنَّةُ فَالْوُضُوءُ قَبْلَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ اَلْجُلُوسُ عَلَى اَلْجَانِبِ اَلْأَيْسَرِ وَ اَلْأَكْلُ بِثَلاَثِ أَصَابِعَ وَ لَعْقُ اَلْأَصَابِعِ وَ أَمَّا اَلتَّأْدِيبُ فَالْأَكْلُ مِمَّا يَلِيكَ وَ تَصْغِيرُ اَللُّقْمَةِ وَ تَجْوِيدُ اَلْمَضْغِ وَ قِلَّةُ اَلنَّظَرِ فِي وُجُوهِ اَلنَّاسِ".

Hadith.4270 - Ibrahim al-Karkhi narrated from Abu Abdillah (as), from his fathers (peace be upon them), who said: Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as) said: "There are twelve qualities related to the dining table that every Muslim must know, four of them are obligatory, four are recommended practices (Sunnah), and four are etiquettes: As for the obligatory ones, they are: recognition (of Allah (swt)), contentment, mentioning the name of Allah (swt) (Bismillah), and gratitude. As for the recommended practices, they are: performing ablution before eating, sitting on the left side, eating with three fingers, and licking the fingers. As for the etiquettes, they are: eating from what is directly in front of you, taking small bites, chewing well, and avoiding looking at people's faces."

4271 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "يَنْبَغِي لِلشَّيْخِ اَلْكَبِيرِ أَلاَّ يَنَامَ إِلاَّ وَ جَوْفُهُ مُمْتَلِئٌ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ فَإِنَّهُ أَهْدَأُ لِنَوْمِهِ وَ أَطْيَبُ لِنَكْهَتِهِ".

Hadith.4271 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "It is appropriate for an elderly person not to sleep unless his stomach is full of food, for it makes his sleep more restful and his breath more pleasant."

4272 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "عَجِبْتُ لِمَنْ يَحْتَمِي مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ مَخَافَةَ اَلدَّاءِ كَيْفَ لاَ يَحْتَمِي مِنَ اَلذُّنُوبِ مَخَافَةَ اَلنَّارِ ".

Hadith.4272 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "I am amazed at the one who abstains from food out of fear of illness, how does he not abstain from sins out of fear of the Fire?"

4273 - رَوَى مَنْصُورُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "لاَ رَضَاعَ بَعْدَ فِطَامٍ وَ لاَ وِصَالَ فِي صِيَامٍ وَ لاَ يُتْمَ بَعْدَ اِحْتِلاَمٍ وَ لاَ صَمْتَ يَوْماً إِلَى اَللَّيْلِ وَ لاَ تَعَرُّبَ بَعْدَ اَلْهِجْرَةِ وَ لاَ هِجْرَةَ بَعْدَ اَلْفَتْحِ وَ لاَ طَلاَقَ قَبْلَ نِكَاحٍ وَ لاَ عِتْقَ قَبْلَ مِلْكٍ وَ لاَ يَمِينَ لِوَلَدٍ مَعَ وَالِدِهِ وَ لاَ لِمَمْلُوكٍ مَعَ مَوْلاَهُ وَ لاَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ مَعَ زَوْجِهَا وَ لاَ نَذْرَ فِي مَعْصِيَةٍ وَ لاَ يَمِينَ فِي قَطِيعَةٍ ".

Hadith.4273 - Mansur ibn Hazim narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "There is no breastfeeding after weaning, no continuous fasting without breaking, no orphanhood after reaching puberty, no silence for a day until night, no returning to a Bedouin life after migration, no migration after the conquest (of Mecca), no divorce before marriage, no emancipation before ownership, no oath for a child in the presence of their parent, nor for a slave with their master, nor for a woman with her husband, no vow in disobedience, and no oath in severing family ties."

4274 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اِمْرَأَةٍ جَعَلَتْ مَالَهَا هَدْياً وَ كُلَّ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهَا حُرّاً إِنْ كَلَّمَتْ أُخْتَهَا أَبَداً قَالَ "تُكَلِّمُهَا وَ لَيْسَ هَذَا بِشَيْءٍ إِنَّمَا هَذَا وَ شِبْهُهُ مِنْ "خُطُوٰاتِ اَلشَّيْطٰانِ" ".

Hadith.4274 - Al-Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the Imams (as), that he was asked about a woman who vowed to donate all her wealth as an offering and to set all her slaves free if she ever spoke to her sister again. Imam (as) said: "She may speak to her, and this (vow) is of no consequence. Indeed, this and similar actions are among the steps of Satan."

4275 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَى مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا فَلْيَأْتِ اَلَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا وَ لَهُ زِيَادَةُ حَسَنَةٍ ".

Hadith.4275 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever swears an oath and then sees something better than it, let him do that which is better, and he will have an additional good deed."

4276 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ أُمِّي تَصَدَّقَتْ عَلَيَّ بِنَصِيبٍ لَهَا فِي اَلدَّارِ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا إِنَّ اَلْقُضَاةَ لاَ يُجِيزُونَ هَذَا وَ لَكِنِ اُكْتُبِيهِ شِرًى فَقَالَتْ اِصْنَعْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا بَدَا لَكَ وَ كُلَّ مَا تَرَى أَنْ يَسُوغَ لَكَ فَتَوَثَّقْتُ فَأَرَادَ بَعْضُ اَلْوَرَثَةِ أَنْ يَسْتَحْلِفَنِي أَنِّي قَدْ نَقَدْتُهَا اَلثَّمَنَ وَ لَمْ أَنْقُدْهَا شَيْئاً فَمَا تَرَى قَالَ "فَاحْلِفْ لَهُمْ".

Hadith.4276 - Hammad ibn Uthman narrated from Muhammad ibn Abi al-Sabbah who said: I said to Abu al-Hasan (as): "My mother gave me her share in the house as charity. I told her that the judges do not approve of this unless it is written as a sale. She said: 'Do whatever you see fit and whatever you think is permissible for you.' So I documented it. Later, some of the heirs wanted me to swear that I had paid her the price, although I had not given her anything. What do you suggest?" Imam (as) said, "Swear to them."

4277 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ حَلَفَ إِنْ كَلَّمَ أَبَاهُ أَوْ أُمَّهُ فَهُوَ يُحْرِمُ بِحَجَّةٍ قَالَ "لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ".

Hadith.4277 - Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a man who swore that if he spoke to his father or mother, he would enter into the state of ihram for Hajj. Imam (as) said: "It is of no consequence."

4278 - وَ سُئِلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ غَضِبَ فَقَالَ عَلَيَّ اَلْمَشْيُ إِلَى بَيْتِ اَللَّهِ اَلْحَرَامِ قَالَ "إِذَا لَمْ يَقُلْ لِلَّهِ عَلَيَّ فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ".

Hadith.4278 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who, in a state of anger, said: "Upon me is to walk to the Sacred House of Allah (swt)." Imam (as) said: "If he did not say, 'It is a vow to Allah (swt) upon me,' then it is of no consequence."

4279 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ لاٰ يُؤٰاخِذُكُمُ اَللّٰهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمٰانِكُمْ ۝ قَالَ "هُوَ لاَ وَ اَللَّهِ وَ بَلَى وَ اَللَّهِ ".

Hadith.4279 - Abu Basir narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious: "Allah (swt) does not take you to task for what is unintentional in your oaths" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:225). Imam (as) said: "It refers to sayings like 'No, by Allah (swt)' and 'Yes, by Allah (swt).'"

4280 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَتْ لَهُ اِمْرَأَتُهُ أَسْأَلُكَ بِوَجْهِ اَللَّهِ إِلاَّ مَا طَلَّقْتَنِي قَالَ "يُوجِعُهَا ضَرْباً أَوْ يَعْفُو عَنْهَا ".

Hadith.4280 - Muhammad ibn Muslim said: I asked one of the Imams (as) about a man whose wife said to him, "I ask you, for the sake of Allah (swt), to divorce me." Imam (as) said: "He should either discipline her with a beating or forgive her."

4281 - وَ رَوَى عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ تَحْلِفُوا بِاللَّهِ صَادِقِينَ وَ لاَ كَاذِبِينَ فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ۝ وَ لاٰ تَجْعَلُوا اَللّٰهَ عُرْضَةً لِأَيْمٰانِكُمْ ۝.

Hadith.4281 - Uthman ibn Isa narrated from Abu Ayyub, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "Do not swear by Allah (swt), whether truthfully or falsely, for Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, has forbidden that, as He (swt), the Almighty, says: 'And do not make Allah (swt) an excuse in your oaths' (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:224)."

4282 - وَ- قَالَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ فَلْيَصْدُقْ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَصْدُقْ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ وَ مَنْ حُلِفَ لَهُ بِاللَّهِ فَلْيَرْضَ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْضَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ.

Hadith.4282 - Abu Ayyub said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Whoever swears by Allah (swt), let him speak the truth; and whoever does not speak the truth has nothing to do with Allah (swt) in any way. And whoever is sworn to by Allah (swt), let him be content; and whoever is not content has nothing to do with Allah (swt) in any way."

4283 - وَ رَوَى بَكْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْأَزْدِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "لَوْ حَلَفَ اَلرَّجُلُ أَنْ لاَ يَحُكَّ أَنْفَهُ بِالْحَائِطِ لاَبْتَلاَهُ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى حَتَّى يَحُكَّ أَنْفَهُ بِالْحَائِطِ وَ لَوْ حَلَفَ اَلرَّجُلُ أَنْ لاَ يَنْطَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ اَلْحَائِطَ لَوَكَّلَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ شَيْطَاناً حَتَّى يَنْطَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ اَلْحَائِطَ ".

Hadith.4283 - Bakr ibn Muhammad al-Azdi narrated from Abu Basir, from Imam (as), that he said: "If a man swears that he will not rub his nose against a wall, Allah (swt), the Exalted, will test him until he rubs his nose against the wall. And if a man swears that he will not strike his head against the wall, Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, will assign a devil to him until he strikes his head against the wall."

4284 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَسْتَثْنِيَ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً إِذَا نَسِيَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَتَاهُ نَاسٌ مِنَ اَلْيَهُودِ فَسَأَلُوهُ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ "تَعَالَوْا غَداً أُحَدِّثْكُمْ" وَ لَمْ يَسْتَثْنِ فَاحْتَبَسَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْهُ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ فَقَالَ ۝ وَ لاٰ تَقُولَنَّ لِشَيْءٍ إِنِّي فٰاعِلٌ ذٰلِكَ غَداً إِلاّٰ أَنْ يَشٰاءَ اَللّٰهُ وَ اُذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ إِذٰا نَسِيتَ ۝ "

Hadith.4284 - Hammad ibn Isa narrated from Abdullah ibn Maymun, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "A servant may make an exception (by saying 'If Allah (swt) wills') within forty days if he forgets. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) was visited by some Jews who asked Him (sw) about certain matters. He (sw) said to them: 'Come tomorrow, and I will inform you,' but He (sw) did not say 'If Allah (swt) wills.' So, Archangel Jibril (as) was delayed from coming to Him (sw) for forty days. Then Jibril (as) came and said: 'And do not say about anything: Surely I will do that tomorrow, except (by adding) If Allah (swt) wills. And remember your Lord (azj) when you forget.' (Surah Al-Kahf 18:23-24)"